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1、Unit 3 Language in use祈使句祈使句 在本模塊中,我們接觸到了如下這些句子: Give them more personal space. 多給他們點(diǎn)個(gè)人空間。 Wave to say goodbye. 揮手說(shuō)再見。 Be careful! 小心! Dont stand too close to North Americans! 不要和北美人站得太近! 課文中的這些句子叫作祈使句。祈使句用來(lái)表達(dá)叮囑、勸告、希望、禁止、請(qǐng)求或命令等。祈使句的特點(diǎn):(1)祈使句一般沒(méi)有主語(yǔ),說(shuō)話的對(duì)象都是第二人稱“你”或“你們”,所以也可以理解為省略了主語(yǔ)you。(2)以動(dòng)詞原形開頭,無(wú)時(shí)態(tài)和
2、數(shù)的變化。(3)祈使句的否定形式是在動(dòng)詞原形前加dont。(4)在表達(dá)請(qǐng)求時(shí),可以加上please,表達(dá)比較強(qiáng)烈的語(yǔ)氣時(shí),可以用感嘆號(hào)。 如:Please close the door.請(qǐng)把門關(guān)上。Sit down, please. 請(qǐng)坐。Come to my office.到我辦公室來(lái)。Stop!停!Hurry up!快點(diǎn)!Please dont do it.請(qǐng)不要這么做。Dont be late again.不要再遲到了。Dont worry. Be happy.不要擔(dān)心,高興點(diǎn)兒。Dont bring any food or drink into the lab next time.下次
3、不要把任何食物和飲料帶到實(shí)驗(yàn)室來(lái)。祈使句的其他句式:(1)肯定式祈使句變否定句時(shí),要在動(dòng)詞原形前加Dont。如: Dont come in. 別進(jìn)來(lái)。(2)有時(shí)為了加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣或明確指出說(shuō)話對(duì)象,主語(yǔ)不能省略。否定祈使句的主語(yǔ)放在dont的前面(放在前面時(shí),與句子要用逗號(hào)分開)或后面。如: You, dont be late again. 你可別再遲到了。 Li Mei, dont go out this night again. 李梅,今天晚上不要再出去了。 You, clean the windows, and Han Mei, clean the desks and chairs. 你擦窗戶
4、,韓梅,你擦桌子和椅子。(3)Lets型祈使句,其否定式為L(zhǎng)ets not.。如: Lets not have a rest. 咱們別休息了。【話題呈現(xiàn)話題呈現(xiàn)】 本模塊以“肢體語(yǔ)言”為話題,引出關(guān)于文化差異的問(wèn)題。談?wù)撐幕町愂菍W(xué)生比較感興趣的話題,通過(guò)談?wù)?,能夠開拓學(xué)生視野,激發(fā)學(xué)生關(guān)注世界不同地區(qū)人們的不同肢體語(yǔ)言的熱情,從而體會(huì)到肢體語(yǔ)言的有趣和魅力?!炯丫渌C萃佳句薈萃】You can stand close to other people.你可以站得離他人較近。Chinese girls often walk arm in arm with their friends.中國(guó)女孩經(jīng)常與
5、她們的朋友臂挽臂地走。In some places, it isnt polite to look somewhere else when you talk.在有些地方,說(shuō)話時(shí)看別的地方是不禮貌的。Its a way of being polite and showing respect.這是一種表示禮貌和尊敬的方式。In many countries, people shake hands with each other when they meet.在許多國(guó)家,人們見面時(shí)互相握手。In Russia, people usually kiss three times, left, right
6、, left. 在俄羅斯,人們通常親吻三次,左、右、左。We Chinese often shake hands and smile when we meet visitors, and sometimes we nod our heads.我們中國(guó)人在遇到訪客的時(shí)候經(jīng)常會(huì)握手、微笑,有時(shí)我們點(diǎn)頭。In India people put their hands together and nod their heads. 在印度,人們把雙手合一并點(diǎn)頭。In Britain and the US, people usually look at each other when they talk.在
7、英美國(guó)家,人們談話時(shí)通常看著對(duì)方。【寫作任務(wù)寫作任務(wù)】 中國(guó)和美國(guó)的課堂是有一些差異的,請(qǐng)根據(jù)下列表格中的信息描述一下這些差異,并談?wù)勛约旱目捶ā?0詞以上。參考詞匯:face to face面對(duì)面;freely自由地中國(guó)課堂美國(guó)課堂(1)不直呼老師的姓名(2)認(rèn)真聽課、做筆記(3)舉手發(fā)言(1)學(xué)生面對(duì)面坐(2)比較放松,可以喝飲料(3)自由討論【范文展示】 There are some differences between a Chinese class and an American class. Now lets have a look. In China, students cal
8、l their teachers with “Mr” or “Ms”. In class, they always listen to teachers and take notes carefully. If they want to say something, they should put up their hands first. But in America, its very different from that in China. The students sit around desks face to face. They can drink in class and they can talk freely too. But I think the Chinese class is better. Its polite of the students to obey the school rules.【升格點(diǎn)撥】 本文作者寫作時(shí)按照如下思路進(jìn)行:1. 開篇指出了中美課堂有些不同;2. 具體分析了不同之處,采用對(duì)比法;3. 闡明了自己的看法。