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1、直接引語和間接引語直接引語和間接引語DIRECT SPEECH AND INDIRECT SPEECH 直接引述直接引述別人的話，叫“直接引語直接引語”; 用自己的話轉述轉述別人的話叫“間接引語間接引語” (Reported Speech，又叫，又叫Indirect Speech); 直接引語一般前后要加引號; 間接引語不用引號。如: John said, “I like reading very much.”(直接引語）John said that he liked reading very much.(間接引語)直接引語直接引語: 說話人直接引用別人的原話。說話人直接引用別人的原話。eg：

2、She said, “I go to the beach every Saturday.”間接引語：說話人用自己的話把別人的話轉述間接引語：說話人用自己的話把別人的話轉述出來。出來。eg: She said she went to the beach every Saturday.He said, “my mother is the most beautiful woman in the world.”He said his mother was the most beautiful woman in the world. 直接引語直接引語間接引語間接引語I am hard-working.I

3、t said it was hard-working.I look beautiful.She said she looked beautiful.We are swimming.They said they were swimming.I can speak three languages.I can speak three languages.He said he He said he couldcould speak three speak three languages.languages.What did he say?I am hard-working every day.我我每天

4、都很認真學習。每天都很認真學習。He said he was hard-working every day.他他說說他他每天都很每天都很認真學習。認真學習。人稱人稱I dont like cleaning the room.我不喜歡打掃房我不喜歡打掃房間。間。He said he didnt like cleaning the room.他說他不喜歡打掃房間。他說他不喜歡打掃房間。時態(tài)時態(tài)I go to the beach every Saturday.He He said said he he went went to the beach to the beach every Saturda

5、y.every Saturday.What did she say?I want to catch the starWhat did she say?She said that she wanted to catch the star.WuuI like sleepingWhat did he say?He said that he liked sleeping.I can fly!What did he say?He said that he could fly.他們在說什么他們在說什么?I am mad at Lana.I am a monkey.I am very cute.He sai

6、d he was mad at Lana.He said he was a monkey.She said she was very cute.B.一般疑問句：直接引語為一般疑問句變?yōu)殚g接引語時，需用if或whether（選擇疑問句只能用“whetheror not)來引導。Eg: “Are you Tim?she asked. She asked if/whether he was Tim.“Do you like to play with the flowers?”I asked the dog.What did I say?I asked the dog if he liked to p

7、lay with the flowers.Do you think Im really happy?What did she say to me?She asked if I thought she was really happy.C.特殊疑問句：直接引語特殊疑問句變?yōu)殚g接引語時，需由特殊疑問詞來引導：who,whom,whose,what,which,when,why,how,where等來引導。Eg: He asked her: ”Who are you ?” He asked her who she was. She asked me: “Why do you like English

8、?” She asked me why I liked English. Who is my girl friend?What did he say?He asked who was his girl friend.Where is the milk?What did she say？She asked where the milk was. 直接引語直接引語 間接引語間接引語 一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時 現(xiàn)在進行時現(xiàn)在進行時 現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時 一般過去時一般過去時 一般將來時一般將來時 過去完成時過去完成時 一般過去時一般過去時 過去進行時過去進行時 過去完成時過去完成時 過去完成時過去完成時

9、 過去將來時過去將來時過去完成時過去完成時(不變不變)3124Im having a surprise party for Lana on Friday night.Marcia said she was having a surprise party for Lana on Friday night.MarciaIm mad at Marcia.LanaLana said she was mad at Marcia.Im not going to her house on Friday night.Lana said she was not going to Marcias house on

10、 Friday night.Lana thinks shes coming to my house to study.Marcia said that Lana thought she was going to her house to study.直接引語和間接引語A.陳述句。由直接引語為陳述句變?yōu)殚g接引語時，需由that引導,口語中常被省略.Eg：she said: “Im late for school.” she said that she was late for school. The girl said “I can dance.” The girl said that she

11、could dance. 2) 一般疑問句變?yōu)殚g接引語時,須由從屬連詞whether/if引導， whether/if之前多用ask等動詞。詞序也一律變?yōu)殛愂龅恼Z序。例如: He asked me, “Do you know John?” - He asked me whether I knew John. The teacher asked me , “Do you like English?” -The teacher asked me if I liked English. 3) 特殊疑問句變?yōu)殚g接引語時，疑問詞 變?yōu)檫B接詞，引導間接引語，詞序也變 為陳述語序。例如： He said,

12、“Where have you been?” - He asked me where I had been. “How many pages have you read today?” John asked me. -John asked me how many pages I had read that day. Betty asked , “When are you going to meet Joe?” -Betty asked when I was going to meet Joe. 1 直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，須由賓語從 句引導，但從句中需要注意下列各種變化： 1） 人稱人稱的變化

13、。的變化。如： He said, “You are right.” -He said that I was right. 2) 時態(tài)時態(tài)的變化。的變化。如: The teacher told his students, “I have been away from home for over ten years.” - The teacher told his students that she had been away from home for over ten years. 3) 指示代詞、時間狀語和地點狀語的變化指示代詞、時間狀語和地點狀語的變化 She said , “I visi

14、ted Europe last year.” -She said that she had visited Europe the year before last. 指示代詞、時間與地點狀語的變化指示代詞 this that these those 表示時間 now then 的詞 today that day yesterday the day before tomorrow the next day next week /month/year the next week/month/year表示地點的詞 here there 時間、地點、指示代詞的變化：1.She said , “That

15、 I will come this morning.”She said that she would go that morning.2.He said , “These books are mine.”He said that those books were his.3.She said , “I went there yesterday.”She said that she had gone there the day before .注：1 如果主句中的謂語動詞是現(xiàn)在或將現(xiàn)在或將來時態(tài)來時態(tài)，直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，時態(tài)時態(tài)一律不變一律不變； “ She is a good stude

16、nt.” -The teacher says that she is a good student - -The teacher will say that she is a good student. 2 如果間接引語中表示的是客觀真理或客觀真理或客觀存在客觀存在，則時態(tài)也不變化。則時態(tài)也不變化。 The teacher said , “The moon moves round the earth.”-The teacher said that the moon moves round the earth.2. He said, “It must be late. I really must

17、 go.” He said it must be late, and he really must go. 1. He said, “l(fā)ight travels much faster than sound.” (光光傳播的速度比聲音傳播速度要快得多。傳播的速度比聲音傳播速度要快得多。) He said that light travels much faster than sound.Could you help me think about the problems?Could you help me think about the problems?3. Mr. and Mrs. Dav

18、is said, “We wont be able to come to dinner today.” They said they wouldnt be able to dinner that day.4. “What are you doing, Tom?” I asked Tom what he was doing.當謂語動詞包含無過去時形式的情態(tài)助動詞時當謂語動詞包含無過去時形式的情態(tài)助動詞時 直接引語是疑問句時直接引語是疑問句時 當轉述客觀真理或引述客觀事實時當轉述客觀真理或引述客觀事實時注意時間狀語的變化注意時間狀語的變化 1.Ben told Lana that Marcia w

19、as going to have a surprise party for her.2.Lana said she was mad at Marcia. 3.Marcia said that Lana thought she was coming to my house to study.4. Marcia called everyone and told them she wasnt going to have a party. 5.Lana told Marcia she would bring some kooks to her house on Friday night.TTFTF1.

20、Ben told Lana that Marcia was going to have a surprise party for her.Marcia ( is / will ) going to have a surprise party for.I ( am / was ) not mad at Marcia any more. 2.Lana said she wasnt mad at Marcia any more. I ( will / would ) go to Marcias house on Friday night. 3. Lana said she would go to M

21、arcias house on Friday night.I ( am / was ) not going to have the party.4. Marcia told everyone she wasnt going to have the party.I ( will / would ) bring some drinks and snacks to your house.5. Lana said she would bring some drinks and snacks to Marcias house.“Young Lives” this weekIt was an exciti

22、ng week for the people on the soap opera “Young Lives”. First of all, Marcia told Ben she was having a surprise party for Lana, and that Lana _ she was going to her house to study. Then Lana _ Ben she _ mad at Marcia, and that she _going to her house on Friday. So Ben told Lana that Marcia was _to h

23、ave a party for her. Lana told Ben that she _mad at Marcia anymore, and that she _go to Marcias house on Friday night. However, Marcia called everyone and _ them that she _ going to have the party.thoughttoldwaswasntgoingwasntwouldtoldwasntExercises:1.Mike asked me , “When will their plan land?” -Mi

24、ke asked me when their plan would land.2.He asked : “Where has Li Ming gone?”-He asked where Li Ming had gone.3.Sara asked, “Will you come to the lecture this afternoon?”-Sara asked if I would go to the lecture that afternoon.4.The teacher asked , “Did you watch Tv yesterday?” -The teacher asked if

25、I had watched Tv the day before.SECTION BSECTION BIM GARFIELD! IM LAZY.IM HARD-WORKING SOMETIMES. IM GOOD AT RIDING MOTORBIKES.Im better at dancing than singing.I can do better in swimming.(do well in sth/ doing sth)(be good at sth/ doing sth) Im lazy. He said he was lazy.Im hard-working sometimes.

26、He said he was hard-working sometimes. Im good at riding motorbikes. He said he was good at riding motorbikes.Im better at dancing than singing.He said he was better at dancing than singing. I can do better in swimming.He said he could do better in swimming. Work in pairs. Using these words to talk

27、about yourself in learning different subjects at school._Im hard-working._ Im good at speaking._ Im lazy._ In English, Im better at reading than listening._ I can do better in math.Check ()the sentences that are true for you.Listen to the tape and fill in the speech bubbles.You are good at speaking.

28、Youre hard-working.You can do better.Listen again.which is scotts report card?Name:_Class:_Math_ hard-workingSpanish _good at listeningHistory _can do betterScience _lazy student 1 Name:_Class:_Math _ hard-workingSpanish _ good at speakingHistory _ can do betterScience _ good student 2Name: _ 4 Clas

29、s: _Math _hard workingSpanish _good at speakingHistory _should do betterScience _lazy studentName:_ 3 Class: _Math _hard-workingSpanish _good at speakingHistory_ can do betterScience_ lazy studentLook at Scotts report card. Ask and answer in pairs.A:What did your math teacher say?B:He said I was har

30、dworking.Direct speech Reported speechYoure hard-working. He said I was hard workingYoure good at. She said I was good at speaking. speakingYou can do better. He said I could do better.Youre lazy. She said I was lazy.Make your own report card: Name: Emily Class: _ Chinese teacher: You are really har

31、d-working. Math teacher: You can do better. English teacher: You are better at writing than speaking. History teacher: You know a lot about Chinese history. Science teacher: You are much better than before. P.E teacher: You are a lazy girl. Music teacher: You will be a good singer. Exercise in class

32、.According to the school report card ,complete the dialogue.NameLucy SchoolGreen high schoolGrade 8Term ends28th,January Math A little weak in this,but you have tried your best to do it.Science Can work out many difficulties.English Better at reading than listening.History Not so good at this.Chines

33、e Can write beautiful articles(文章）大吵一架 have a big fighthave an argument抄別人的作業(yè)copy others homework忘記去做某事forget to do sth.養(yǎng)成壞習慣start a bad habit不再notanymore克服get over身體健康 be well be healthybe in good health成績單report cardMy best friend is Xiao Li, but last week in school we a big fight, and she didnt t

34、alk me. It all started when she asked me if she could copy my homework. I asked her she wanted to do that, and she said that she had forgotten to do . I said I think it was a good idea for her to copy my homework. She wanted to know why I didnt think it was a good idea. hadtowhyhersdidntwhy at much

35、didnt to hers had startI said it would a bad habit and that she should do her own work. She got really mad me and said she didnt want to be my best friend anymore. I said that was OK and that I was sure she would get over it. And she did. Yesterday she told me she was sorry. She said it was better i

36、f she did her own work.startatmuchwhy at much didnt to hers had startSHE SAID HELPING OTHERS CHANGED HER LIFE. Section 1 Before You Read Think of people who need help.People who need helpSomething we can do for themOld peopleWe can clean their home.SECTION 2 WHILE YOU READ Put the words into the cor

37、rect space as you read. A) world B) brothers C) changed D)agreed E)mountains F) differentCEDFBAMATCH THE MAIN IDEA WITH PARAGRAPH.Para1 A. Give some examples for “may not sound like fun to you.”Para2 B. The writer is going to tell what they are going to do.Para3 C. Introduce the time she enjoyed.Par

38、a4 D. Tell her experience in the mountains.Para5 E. Tell something about the students at school.A D E B C While-reading1. True or false exercises.1. Yang Lei is a volenteer teacher from Gansu Province. 2. The life in the mountains was hard for Yang Lei. 3. Yangs parents agreed with their daughter. 4

39、. Most of students live at home because they have no money. 5. Yang said that she could open up the students eyes to the outside world and be a good influence in the childrens lives. F T T F T Section 3 After You Read3a What is life like for you and Yang leis students? Complete the chart. Discuss wi

40、th your partner. Yang Leis students Youhometownfoodteacherstime to get uptime to finish studyingmountain village in Gansu Provincea city in Zhejiangporridge three times a daydifferent kinds of delicious foodalmost no good teacherssome good teachers5 a.m.6 a.m.11 p.m.9 p.m.SECTION 3-3B ASK AND ANSWER

41、 1. What did Yang Leis mother say about her daughters volunteer work? 2.What did the children say about their volunteer teachers? 3.How did Yang Lei say she could help? 4.What did Yang Lei say about her time as a volunteer?1.What did Yang Leis mother say about her daughters volunteer work?2. What di

42、d the children say about volunteer teachers? She said that young people today need toexperience different things. They said that they were like big brothers or sisters to them, and they felt lucky.3. How did Yang Lei say she could help?4. What did Yang Lei say about her time as a volunteer? She said

43、 she could open up her studentseyes to the outside world and give them a good start in life. She said she likes being a good influencein the childrens lives.Yang Lei said she enjoyed her time as a volunteer very much.Section 4 Go for it!Many people of all ages do volunteer work. The groups in the ch

44、art below help people or animals all around the world. Which one would you like to work for? Explain your reasons to the class.GroupsThe work they doGreenpeaceCares for “Mother Earth”Doctors Without BordersHelps sick people in poor countriesUNICEFHelps children in poor countriesWWFCares for wild ani

45、mals in danger和平和平照料；照顧照料；照顧邊界；邊境邊界；邊境UNICEF 聯(lián)合國兒童基金聯(lián)合國兒童基金WWF 世界野生動物基金世界野生動物基金危險危險 1.soap opera 2.first of all3.pass on4.be supposed to5.be good at6.do better in7.be in good health8.end-of year exams9.report card10.get over11.the Ministry of Education12.Chinese Young Pioneer 13.rural areas14.sea le

46、vel15.open up16.care for17.agree with18.senior high school19.be angry with20.have a surprise party21.speak three languages22.last Friday night23.get nervous24.a disappointing result25.copy others homework26.feel lucky27.in danger28.a poor village 肥皂劇肥皂劇 首先首先 傳遞傳遞被期望、被要求被期望、被要求在在.方面好方面好在在.方面做得更好方面做得更

47、好很健康很健康期末考試期末考試成績單成績單克服克服教育部教育部中國少年先鋒隊中國少年先鋒隊中國農村地區(qū)中國農村地區(qū)海平面海平面 打開打開 照顧照顧 同意同意高中高中 對對.生氣生氣 舉辦一次令人驚奇的聚會舉辦一次令人驚奇的聚會講三種語言講三種語言上周五晚上上周五晚上變得緊張變得緊張令人失望的結果令人失望的結果抄作業(yè)抄作業(yè)感到幸運感到幸運在危險中在危險中一個貧窮的山村一個貧窮的山村 肥皂劇肥皂劇 首先首先 傳遞傳遞被期望、被要求被期望、被要求在在.方面好方面好在在.方面做得更好方面做得更好很健康很健康期末考試期末考試成績單成績單克服克服教育部教育部中國少年先鋒隊中國少年先鋒隊中國農村地區(qū)中國農村

48、地區(qū)海平面海平面 打開打開 照顧照顧 同意同意高中高中 對對.生氣生氣 舉辦一次令人驚奇的聚會舉辦一次令人驚奇的聚會講三種語言講三種語言上周五晚上上周五晚上變得緊張變得緊張令人失望的結果令人失望的結果抄作業(yè)抄作業(yè)感到幸運感到幸運在危險中在危險中一個貧窮的山村一個貧窮的山村soap operafirst of allpass onbe supposed tobe good atdo better inbe in good healthend-of year examsreport cardget overthe Ministry of EducationChinese Young Pioneer

49、Chinas rural areassea levelopen upcare foragree withsenior high schoolbe angry withhave a surprise partyspeak three languageslast Friday nightget nervousa disappointing resultcopy others homeworkfeel luckyin dangera poor mountainvillage連續(xù)劇soap opera對生氣 be mad atbe angry with說三種語言speak three language

50、s從事work on把信息傳遞給pass the message to首先first of all傳遞pass on被期望；認為應該be supposed to在做得好be good at (doing) do well in (doing)小吃再；還曾經(jīng)努力工作的小吃再；還曾經(jīng)努力工作的信封不安的真實的自己的信封不安的真實的自己的學期幸運的瘋狂的復制學期幸運的瘋狂的復制最壞的令人失望的幸運地最壞的令人失望的幸運地爺爺她的（名詞性物主代詞）假定爺爺她的（名詞性物主代詞）假定傳遞傳遞. .被期望被期望. .首先首先. .在在方面做得更好成績單方面做得更好成績單身體健康間接引語身體健康間接引語克服

51、直接引語克服直接引語年終考試年終考試end-of-year exam變得緊張變得緊張get nervous做做很驚訝很驚訝be surprised to do sth.親戚朋友親戚朋友幸運的幸運的be luckyrelatives and friends學學很吃力很吃力have a difficult/hard time with 這學期這學期this semester/ term作為志愿者作為志愿者as a volunteer中國農村地區(qū)中國農村地區(qū)Chinas rural areas海拔海拔above sea level體驗不同的事情體驗不同的事情experience different

52、things無國界無國界without bordersGrammar focusDirect speech Reported speechI am mad at Marcia. 我生Marcia的氣。I am having a party for Lana. 我正為Lana舉辦一個聚會。I go to the beach every Saturday. 我每周六去海灘。I will call you tomorrow 我明天給你打電話。I can speak three languages. 我會講三種語言。She said she was mad at Marcia. 她說她生Marcia的

53、氣She said she was having a party for Lana. 她說她正為Lana舉辦一個聚會。He said he went to the beach every Saturday.他說他每周六去海灘He told me he would call me tomorrow./the next day. 他說他明天給你打電話。She said she could speak three languages.她說她會講三種語言。1. 1.開一個驚喜的聚會：開一個驚喜的聚會：_ _ 2.2.首先：首先：_3.3.對對.非常惱怒：非常惱怒：_4. 4. 身體健康：身體健康：_5

54、.5.勤勉的婦女：勤勉的婦女：_ _ 6. 6. 擅長聽讀：擅長聽讀：_7.7.觀看一幕肥皂?。河^看一幕肥皂?。篲8.8.一塊肥皂：一塊肥皂： _9.9.年終考試：年終考試：_ _ 10.10.成績報告單：成績報告單：_11.11.變得緊張：變得緊張：_12.12.直接引語直接引語：_ have a surprise partyfirst of allbe mad atbe in good healthhard-working womanbe good at listening and readingwatch a soap operaa cake of soapend- of- year e

55、xamreport cardget/feel nervousdirect speech14.14.間接引語：間接引語：_15.15.傳遞：傳遞：_16.16.在某方面做得更好：在某方面做得更好：_17.17.身體健康：身體健康：_18.18.變瘋：變瘋：_ 19._ 19.打開：打開：_20.20.克服；恢復：克服；恢復：_ 21._ 21.照顧照顧/ /料料:_:_22.22.我的家鄉(xiāng)：我的家鄉(xiāng)：_23.23.對影響：對影響：_24.24.海平面：海平面：_25.thin air:_25.thin air:_26.26.不再不再 :_:_27.UNICEF_27.UNICEF_ =_ =_2

56、8.WWF_ = _28.WWF_ = _reported speechpass ondo better inbe in good health世界野生動物基金世界野生動物基金get overopen upmy hometowncare forbe an influence insea levelnot anymore空氣稀薄空氣稀薄get madUnited Nations International Childrens FundWorld Wildlife Fund聯(lián)合國兒童基金聯(lián)合國兒童基金用動詞的適當形式填空：用動詞的適當形式填空：1.He said he _(go ) _(visit

57、) my home this week.2. “ I dont want to surprise you.” He said . He said _.3. “ I will write a letter to my parents.” The girl said.The girl said _ _.4.-What are you doing? -I _(爬樹）。爬樹）。5.What did you say? -I said _(我身體健康。）我身體健康。）would go visitinghe didnt want to surprise me.she would write a letter

58、 to her parents.am climbing a tree.I was in a good health1.Mary asked, “could you help me cook dinner?”2. He asked, “why are you so late for school, Jimmy?”3. Will you tell me the answer to this question?4. Where are you going for vacation, Tony?5. Do you remember his birthday?6. “What can I do for

59、you?” he asked me.7. “Are you interested in English?” he said.8. “How are you feeling now?” the doctor asked.Mary asked me if I could help her cook dinner.He asked Jimmy why he was so late for school.She asked if I would tell her the answer to that question.I asked Tony where he was going for vacati

60、on.She asked if I remembered his birthday.He asked me what he could do for me.He asked if I was interested in English.The doctor asked me how I was feeling that time.把下列直接引語變間接引語把下列直接引語變間接引語: :1.Lucy said, ”I am good at English”.2.”Li lei is reading a book.” Peter said to Lucy.3.”I can ride a bike t

61、o school.” Lana said.4.”Tomorrow we will have a football match,”he told his mother.5.The boy said, “they go to school every day except Saturday.”Lucy said she was good at English.Peter said to Lucy (that) Li Lei was reading a book.Lana said she could ride a bike to school.He told his mother that the

62、y would have a football match tomorrow.The boy said they went to school every day except Saturday. Exercises:1.He said , “I am not your friend .” - He said( that) he was not my friend.2.She said “ I will come this morning.”-She said( that) she would go that morning 3.She said , “I went there yesterd

63、ay.”-She said (that) she had gone there the day before .4. “we wont be free tonight,”the students said.-The students said that they wouldnt be free that night.5.“I am expecting a letter from my mother,” Betty said. -Betty said that she was expecting a letter from her mother.6. He said , “My sister w

64、as here three days ago.” -He said that his sister had been there three days before. 將直接引語改為間接引語：將直接引語改為間接引語：1.”Im going home now.”she said. She said_2. “I will call you tomorrow morning.”Alice said to Tom. Alice _ Tom _3. “We are having a surprise party for Linda now.” Marcia said_4. “You can do bet

65、ter.”His father said to him. His father _him _5. “I should try my best next time.” Jack thought. Jack thought _6. “Were not going to have lessons this afternoon.” The boy said to his father_.she was going home then.told she would call him.they were having a for then.told he could do better.he should

66、 try his best the next time.told they were not going to have lessons that afternoon.IV. 1.The building is very high.(改為感嘆句改為感嘆句) _ _the building is! 2.I was doing my homework. My father came back from work.(合并為一句合并為一句) I was doing my homework_ my father came back home. _ I was doing my homework , my father came back home.3.I was sleeping when he called me.(劃線提問劃線提問) _ _ you _when he called you?4.He finished his homework last night.（同上）（同上） _ _ he _ last night?How highwhenWhileWhat weredoingWhat