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高三英語(yǔ)高考二輪復(fù)習(xí)考能特訓(xùn)課件4042人教版學(xué)案41

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1、語(yǔ)法專題六語(yǔ)法專題六 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語(yǔ)氣情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語(yǔ)氣語(yǔ)法精講語(yǔ)法精講(一一)can、be able to和和could的用法的用法1.can和和be able to都表示都表示“能力能力”。但。但can只有只有現(xiàn)在時(shí)和過去時(shí),而現(xiàn)在時(shí)和過去時(shí),而be able to則有更多的形式。當(dāng)則有更多的形式。當(dāng)成功地完成某一具體動(dòng)作時(shí),通常不用成功地完成某一具體動(dòng)作時(shí),通常不用could,而用而用was/were able to來表示。這時(shí)來表示。這時(shí)was/were able to相相當(dāng)于當(dāng)于managed to,表示表示“經(jīng)過一番努力,終于能夠完經(jīng)過一番努力,終于能夠完成某事成某事”。Can

2、you use chopsticks?The wounded man was able to get to the village and was saved in the end.2.can和和could都可以表示都可以表示“能力、技能、許可、能力、技能、許可、建議或請(qǐng)求和可能性建議或請(qǐng)求和可能性”。但比較委婉客氣地提出問。但比較委婉客氣地提出問題或陳述看法時(shí),一般用題或陳述看法時(shí),一般用could,回答時(shí)則用,回答時(shí)則用can。Could you help me carry the bag?Can I help you?(二二)may和和might的用法的用法1.may和和might均可表

3、示均可表示“可能可能”,但,但may比比might可能性大。可能性大。Why isnt he in class?He may be sick.(生病的可能性較大生病的可能性較大)He might be sick.(生病的可能性較小生病的可能性較小)2.may和和might均可表示均可表示“允許允許”,may用于現(xiàn)用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)頃r(shí),在時(shí)或?qū)頃r(shí),might常用在間接引語(yǔ)中表過去,但常用在間接引語(yǔ)中表過去,但might也可用于現(xiàn)在時(shí),表示比較委婉的語(yǔ)氣,回答也可用于現(xiàn)在時(shí),表示比較委婉的語(yǔ)氣,回答時(shí)用時(shí)用may。He says we may leave.He said we might leav

4、e.3.may和和might均可表示均可表示“建議或請(qǐng)求建議或請(qǐng)求”,但,但might比比may更客氣,意思更肯定,沒有過去時(shí)態(tài)的更客氣,意思更肯定,沒有過去時(shí)態(tài)的含義。含義。May/Might I use your bike?Yes,you can/may.No,you mustnt.(三三)dare的用法的用法1.用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,表示用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,表示“敢敢”,后接動(dòng)詞原形,后接動(dòng)詞原形,用于否定句、疑問句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中。用于否定句、疑問句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中。We dare not refuse their request.Dare you walk through the forest a

5、t night?2.當(dāng)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞用時(shí),可用于各種句型中。當(dāng)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞用時(shí),可用于各種句型中。dare作作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞用在否定句和疑問句中時(shí),其后接不定式實(shí)義動(dòng)詞用在否定句和疑問句中時(shí),其后接不定式有時(shí)可省去有時(shí)可省去“to”。Does he dare to come?She dares to speak in front of big audience.I have never dared(to) speak to him.(四四)need的用法的用法need作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,一般用于疑問句和否定句中,作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,一般用于疑問句和否定句中,表示表示“需要;必要需要;必要”??隙ɑ卮鹩???隙ɑ卮鹩胢ust(或

6、或have to,ought to,should)來表達(dá)。否定式為來表達(dá)。否定式為need not/neednt,表示表示“不必,不需要不必,不需要”。You neednt show your passport at the entrance unless the guard asks you for it.Shall I tell Jack about it?No,you neednt.Ive told him already.2.need作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,意為作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,意為“需要;要求需要;要求”。You dont need to leave so early.He needs to try

7、one more experiment.(五五)“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done”,表示對(duì)過去行為或,表示對(duì)過去行為或動(dòng)作進(jìn)行推測(cè)、評(píng)論或判斷。動(dòng)作進(jìn)行推測(cè)、評(píng)論或判斷。1.must have done表示推測(cè)過去某事表示推測(cè)過去某事“一定一定”發(fā)發(fā)生了。其否定形式為:生了。其否定形式為:cant/couldnt have done,表示過去不可能發(fā)生某事。表示過去不可能發(fā)生某事。Since the ditch is full of water,it must have rained last night.既然溝渠里水都滿了,昨天晚上一定下雨了。既然溝渠里水都滿了,昨天晚上一定下雨了。Y

8、ou couldnt have met my grandmother.She died before you were born.你不可能見到我的奶奶,她在你出生前就去世了。你不可能見到我的奶奶,她在你出生前就去世了。2.could have done表示推測(cè)過去某動(dòng)作表示推測(cè)過去某動(dòng)作“很可很可能能”發(fā)生了。發(fā)生了。The dictionary has disappeared.Who could have taken it?字典不見了。會(huì)是誰(shuí)拿走了呢?字典不見了。會(huì)是誰(shuí)拿走了呢?Tom could have taken it.He was alone yesterday.可能是可能是Tom拿

9、的。昨天就他一個(gè)人在。拿的。昨天就他一個(gè)人在。3.may/might have done表示推測(cè)過去某事表示推測(cè)過去某事“也也許許”發(fā)生了,發(fā)生了,may比比might表示的可能性在說話人看表示的可能性在說話人看來稍大些。來稍大些。I cant find my keys.I may/might have left them at the school yesterday.我找不到鑰匙了?;蛟S昨天我把它放在學(xué)校了。我找不到鑰匙了?;蛟S昨天我把它放在學(xué)校了。4.ought to/should have done和和ought not to/shouldnt have done用于對(duì)已發(fā)生的情況表示

10、用于對(duì)已發(fā)生的情況表示“責(zé)備、不滿責(zé)備、不滿”,分別表示,分別表示“本應(yīng)該本應(yīng)該”和和“本不本不應(yīng)該應(yīng)該”。With all the work finished,I should have gone to the party last night.完成我的工作后,我昨天晚上應(yīng)該去參加晚會(huì)的。完成我的工作后,我昨天晚上應(yīng)該去參加晚會(huì)的。You ought not to have made fun of him.He is not the one you laugh at but learn from.你不應(yīng)該取笑他。他不是你嘲笑的人,而是應(yīng)該你不應(yīng)該取笑他。他不是你嘲笑的人,而是應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)的人。學(xué)

11、習(xí)的人。5.neednt have done表示過去做了某事,但沒表示過去做了某事,但沒有做的必要,意為有做的必要,意為“本沒必要做本沒必要做”。You neednt have waken me up;I dont have to go to work today.你沒必要叫醒我,我今天不去上班。你沒必要叫醒我,我今天不去上班。6.總的來看,表示推測(cè)過去某動(dòng)作發(fā)生的可能性總的來看,表示推測(cè)過去某動(dòng)作發(fā)生的可能性時(shí),就表示的可能性程度而言,時(shí),就表示的可能性程度而言,must最大,最大,could其次,其次,may更次之,更次之,might最小。最小。I wonder how Tom knew

12、about your past.我不知道我不知道Tom是怎么知道你的過去的。是怎么知道你的過去的。He must/could/may/might have heard of it from Mary.他一定是聽他一定是聽Mary說的。說的。(六六)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be doing形式,表示推測(cè)或評(píng)論某形式,表示推測(cè)或評(píng)論某動(dòng)作現(xiàn)在是否正在進(jìn)行。動(dòng)作現(xiàn)在是否正在進(jìn)行。He must be playing basketball in the room.他一定在房間里打籃球。他一定在房間里打籃球。She may be staying at home.她可能正呆在家她可能正呆在家里。里。(七七)情態(tài)

13、動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have been doing形式,表示推測(cè)形式,表示推測(cè)或評(píng)論過去某動(dòng)作是否正在進(jìn)行或一直在進(jìn)行。或評(píng)論過去某動(dòng)作是否正在進(jìn)行或一直在進(jìn)行。They should have been having a meeting to discuss the problem.他們應(yīng)該正在開會(huì)討論這個(gè)問題。他們應(yīng)該正在開會(huì)討論這個(gè)問題。He may/might have been buying stamps in the post office when you saw him.你看到他的時(shí)候他可能在郵局買郵票。你看到他的時(shí)候他可能在郵局買郵票。(一一)虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件句中的運(yùn)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件

14、句中的運(yùn)用1.if條件從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣條件從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣當(dāng)當(dāng)if條件從句表示的情況與客觀事實(shí)相反時(shí),要條件從句表示的情況與客觀事實(shí)相反時(shí),要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,這時(shí)從句的謂語(yǔ)和主句的謂語(yǔ)在形式用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,這時(shí)從句的謂語(yǔ)和主句的謂語(yǔ)在形式上要與時(shí)間相對(duì)應(yīng):上要與時(shí)間相對(duì)應(yīng):上表中的上表中的were適合各種人稱,適合各種人稱,would可根據(jù)實(shí)際可根據(jù)實(shí)際需要換為需要換為should,could或或might。If he were you,he would not do it again.(現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在時(shí)間或?qū)頃r(shí)間時(shí)間或?qū)頃r(shí)間)You might have seen Mr.Smith if you ha

15、d attended the lecture yesterday.(過去時(shí)間過去時(shí)間)注意注意 當(dāng)當(dāng)if引導(dǎo)條件從句時(shí),可省略引導(dǎo)條件從句時(shí),可省略if,并把從句,并把從句中的中的should,were,had等提到主語(yǔ)前面。等提到主語(yǔ)前面。時(shí)間時(shí)間現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在過去過去將來將來if條件從句條件從句did/werehad donedid/were to do/should do主句主句would dowould have donewould doHad I studied Japanese,I could have had no difficulty in communication with th

16、e Japanese.Were you an astronaut,you would travel in space like Yang Liwei. 2.錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣在錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句中,虛擬條件從句和主句動(dòng)作在錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句中,虛擬條件從句和主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致,因此,主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)要根發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致,因此,主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)要根據(jù)各自所指的不同時(shí)間選用適當(dāng)?shù)奶摂M語(yǔ)氣形式。據(jù)各自所指的不同時(shí)間選用適當(dāng)?shù)奶摂M語(yǔ)氣形式。Had I taken my umbrella with me when I came out this morning,I sho

17、uld not be wet now.如果我早上出門時(shí)帶了傘,現(xiàn)在就不會(huì)被淋濕了。如果我早上出門時(shí)帶了傘,現(xiàn)在就不會(huì)被淋濕了。3.含蓄條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣含蓄條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣常用來表示常用來表示“無條件無條件”的詞有:的詞有:with,without,but for,or,but,otherwise,even,in case of,what if(如果如果將如何將如何/倘若倘若)。But for your help,we couldnt have succeeded.要不是你的幫助,我們是不會(huì)成功的。要不是你的幫助,我們是不會(huì)成功的。She wasnt feeling well,otherwi

18、se she wouldnt have left the meeting so early.她感到不舒服,不然她不會(huì)那么早就離開會(huì)場(chǎng)的。她感到不舒服,不然她不會(huì)那么早就離開會(huì)場(chǎng)的。(二二)虛擬語(yǔ)氣在名詞性從句中的運(yùn)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣在名詞性從句中的運(yùn)用1.用于賓語(yǔ)從句中用于賓語(yǔ)從句中(1)用于用于wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句中后的賓語(yǔ)從句中與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反,用與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反,用were或動(dòng)詞的過去式;與過或動(dòng)詞的過去式;與過去事實(shí)相反,用去事實(shí)相反,用had+過去分詞或過去分詞或would/could have done;表示將來沒有把握或不太可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望,用表示將來沒有把握或不太可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望,用would

19、/should(could,might)+動(dòng)詞原形。動(dòng)詞原形。I wish she were here.她在這兒就好了。她在這兒就好了。I wish you would go with us tomorrow.但愿你明天跟我們一塊兒去。但愿你明天跟我們一塊兒去。I wish she had taken my advice.她要是聽我的話就好了。她要是聽我的話就好了。(2)用在表示建議、愿望、命令等詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句用在表示建議、愿望、命令等詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句中。常見的動(dòng)詞有:中。常見的動(dòng)詞有:suggest, advise, propose, command,request,insist,recomm

20、end等。賓語(yǔ)等。賓語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用should+動(dòng)詞原形,動(dòng)詞原形,should可以可以省略。省略。She insisted that the seats (should) be booked in advance.她堅(jiān)持要預(yù)訂座位。她堅(jiān)持要預(yù)訂座位。He demands that he (should) be told everything.他要求將一切告訴他。他要求將一切告訴他。注意如果上述動(dòng)詞作其他意思解釋,或者說話人注意如果上述動(dòng)詞作其他意思解釋,或者說話人認(rèn)為是事實(shí),要用陳述語(yǔ)氣。比如,當(dāng)認(rèn)為是事實(shí),要用陳述語(yǔ)氣。比如,當(dāng)suggest作作“暗示,表明暗示,表明”

21、解時(shí),解時(shí),insist不表示不表示“堅(jiān)決要求堅(jiān)決要求”,而作而作“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”解時(shí),從句要用陳述語(yǔ)氣。解時(shí),從句要用陳述語(yǔ)氣。He insisted that he was not involved in the case.他堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為自己同那個(gè)案子沒有牽連。他堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為自己同那個(gè)案子沒有牽連。(3)would rather后的賓語(yǔ)從句中,也用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,后的賓語(yǔ)從句中,也用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,若用過去時(shí),表示一個(gè)現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼脑竿?;若用過若用過去時(shí),表示一個(gè)現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼脑竿?;若用過去完成時(shí),表示一個(gè)過去的愿望。去完成時(shí),表示一個(gè)過去的愿望。Id rather you paid the money yo

22、urself.Id rather she hadnt done that.2.用在主語(yǔ)從句中用在主語(yǔ)從句中It is desired/suggested/proposed/necessary/ important/strange/natural/a pity+that 從句,從句從句,從句中謂語(yǔ)用中謂語(yǔ)用should+動(dòng)詞原形,動(dòng)詞原形,should可省略??墒÷?。Its suggested that the old man should be sent to hospital immediately.有人建議老人立即被送進(jìn)醫(yī)院。有人建議老人立即被送進(jìn)醫(yī)院。Its a pity that he

23、 should be so careless.很遺憾,他竟這么粗心。很遺憾,他竟這么粗心。3.用在表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句中用在表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句中advice,demand,order,request,suggestion,proposal,requirement,recommendation等名詞后的等名詞后的表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句中,謂語(yǔ)用表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句中,謂語(yǔ)用should+動(dòng)詞原形,動(dòng)詞原形,should可省略??墒÷浴e issued the order that the troops (should) withdraw at once.他命令部隊(duì)馬上撤退。他命令部隊(duì)馬上撤退。

24、Their desire was that a treaty (should) be signed at once.他們的愿望是馬上簽訂協(xié)約。他們的愿望是馬上簽訂協(xié)約。(三三)虛擬語(yǔ)氣用在虛擬語(yǔ)氣用在as if(as though),even if(even though)從句中從句中He talks as if he knew all about it.他說起來好像全知道似的。他說起來好像全知道似的。Even if he were here,he couldnt solve the problem.即使他在這里,也解決不了這個(gè)問題。即使他在這里,也解決不了這個(gè)問題。(四四)在在for fea

25、r that,lest引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句中,引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句中,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“should+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形”He reminded her twice of it lest she should forget.他提醒了她兩次,怕她忘記。他提醒了她兩次,怕她忘記。I will not make a noise for fear (that) I should (might) disturb you.我不會(huì)出聲的,以免打擾你。我不會(huì)出聲的,以免打擾你。(五五)Its high/about time+thatclause句型中要句型中要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。從句中謂語(yǔ)用過去時(shí),指現(xiàn)在或?qū)碛锰摂M語(yǔ)

26、氣。從句中謂語(yǔ)用過去時(shí),指現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼那闆r,表示的情況,表示“早該干某事而已經(jīng)有些晚了早該干某事而已經(jīng)有些晚了”Its high time that we were off.我們?cè)撟吡?。我們?cè)撟吡?。用用about,quite,really或或high修飾修飾time是為了緩和是為了緩和或增強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣?;蛟鰪?qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。(六六)用于用于if only引導(dǎo)的感嘆句中,表示引導(dǎo)的感嘆句中,表示“要要是是就好了就好了”If only I were a flying bird!=How I wish I were a flying bird!我多么希望我是一只飛鳥。我多么希望我是一只飛鳥。語(yǔ)法精練語(yǔ)法精練1.(2

27、009北京,北京,25)One of the few things you say about English people with certainty is that they talk a lot about the weather. A.needB.must C.shouldD.can 答案答案 D 解析解析 句意為:你能夠確切地說出的有關(guān)英國(guó)人句意為:你能夠確切地說出的有關(guān)英國(guó)人的為數(shù)不多的其中一件事情就是他們對(duì)天氣討論很的為數(shù)不多的其中一件事情就是他們對(duì)天氣討論很多。多。cancan表示表示“能力能力”。2.(2009福建,福建,35)But for the help of my

28、English teacher,I the first prize in the English Writing Competition. A.would not win B.would not have won C.would win D.would have won 答案答案 B 解析解析 由由but forbut for引起的介詞短語(yǔ)在句中作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),引起的介詞短語(yǔ)在句中作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。此處表示與過去事句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。此處表示與過去事實(shí)相反,故用實(shí)相反,故用would have donewould have done形式。形式。3.(2009天津,天津,1

29、5)This printer is of good quality. If it break down within the first year,we would repair it at our expense. A.wouldB.should C.couldD.might 答案答案 B 解析解析 shouldshould表示假如,萬一。表示假如,萬一。If you should need If you should need any help,heres my number.any help,heres my number.萬一你需要幫助的話,萬一你需要幫助的話,這是我的電話號(hào)碼。這是我

30、的電話號(hào)碼。4.(2009重慶,重慶,32) Hi,Tom.Any idea where Jane is? She in the classroom.I saw her there just now. A.shall beB.should have been C.must beD.might have been 答案答案 C 解析解析 句意為:句意為:你好,湯姆,你知道簡(jiǎn)在哪你好,湯姆,你知道簡(jiǎn)在哪兒?jiǎn)???jī)簡(jiǎn)幔克隙ㄔ诮淌依?。剛才我還見她了。由她肯定在教室里。剛才我還見她了。由句意知,她現(xiàn)在肯定在教室。句意知,她現(xiàn)在肯定在教室。should have doneshould have done表

31、示表示本來應(yīng)該做某事而沒做好;本來應(yīng)該做某事而沒做好;might have donemight have done表示過表示過去可能做過去可能做過;shallshall用在第三人稱的陳述句中只用在第三人稱的陳述句中只表示一種命令或警告語(yǔ)氣,均不合題意。表示一種命令或警告語(yǔ)氣,均不合題意。5.(2009全國(guó)全國(guó),20)I cant leave.She told me that I stay here until she comes back. A.canB.must C.willD.may 答案答案 B 解析解析 句意為:我不能走,她叫我必須待在這里句意為:我不能走,她叫我必須待在這里直到她回來

32、。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞直到她回來。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞mustmust此處意為此處意為“必須必須”。6.You have written so long an article.The teacher said 100 words would be enough. A.mustntB.neednt C.couldntD.wouldnt 答案答案 B 解析解析 neednt have doneneednt have done本不必做本不必做( (實(shí)際上卻實(shí)際上卻做了做了) )。7.(2008福建,福建,24)It is usually warm in my home- town in March,but it be ra

33、ther cold some- times. A.mustB.can C.shouldD.would 答案答案 B 解析解析 mustmust必然,一定;必然,一定;cancan可能;可能;shouldshould應(yīng)該;應(yīng)該;wouldwould(過去)將,總會(huì)。本題提供的語(yǔ)境是(過去)將,總會(huì)。本題提供的語(yǔ)境是“有有時(shí)可能會(huì)時(shí)可能會(huì)”。8.(2008湖南,湖南,28)You dont have to know the name of the author to find a book.You find the book by the title. A.mustB.need C.canD.wo

34、uld 答案答案 C 解析解析 句意為:要找到一本書你不一定非要知道句意為:要找到一本書你不一定非要知道作者的名字。你可以根據(jù)書的標(biāo)題找到這本書。作者的名字。你可以根據(jù)書的標(biāo)題找到這本書。cancan表示表示“可以,能夠可以,能夠”。9.Dont you think it necessary that he to Miami but to New York? I agree,but the problem is he has refused to be. A.will not be sent;that B.not be sent;that C.should not be sent;what D

35、.should not send;what 答案答案 B 解析解析 necessarynecessary后跟從句時(shí),常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,后跟從句時(shí),常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,(should)+(should)+動(dòng)詞原形,排除動(dòng)詞原形,排除A A;hehe與與sendsend之間為被動(dòng)之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,排除關(guān)系,排除D D;第二空為;第二空為thatthat引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句。引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句。10.(2008江西,江西,26)What a pity!Considering his ability and experience, he better. A.need have done B.must have done C

36、.can have done D.might have done 答案答案 D 解析解析 句意為:太遺憾了!鑒于他的能力和經(jīng)驗(yàn)句意為:太遺憾了!鑒于他的能力和經(jīng)驗(yàn), ,他本可能做得更好。他本可能做得更好。A A項(xiàng)項(xiàng)“本來有必要做(而沒本來有必要做(而沒做)做)”;B B項(xiàng)是對(duì)過去發(fā)生的事情的肯定的推測(cè)項(xiàng)是對(duì)過去發(fā)生的事情的肯定的推測(cè), ,表示表示“過去一定做了過去一定做了”;C C項(xiàng)是對(duì)過去發(fā)生的事情項(xiàng)是對(duì)過去發(fā)生的事情的不肯定的推測(cè);的不肯定的推測(cè);D D項(xiàng)表示項(xiàng)表示“本來可以本來可以”。11.(2008遼寧遼寧,22)Peter be really difficult at times e

37、ven though hes a nice person in general. A.shallB.should C.canD.must 答案答案 C 解析解析 句意為:雖然彼得總體上來說是一個(gè)好人句意為:雖然彼得總體上來說是一個(gè)好人, ,但有時(shí)真的難以相處。但有時(shí)真的難以相處。C C項(xiàng)在這里不表示主觀的推項(xiàng)在這里不表示主觀的推測(cè)測(cè), ,而表示客觀的可能性。而表示客觀的可能性。12.(2008陜西陜西,9) What sort of house do you want to have?Something big? Well, it be bigthats not important. A.mu

38、stntB.neednt C.cantD.wont 答案答案 B 解析解析 句意為:句意為:“你想要什么樣的房子?要大的你想要什么樣的房子?要大的嗎?嗎?”“”“噢噢, ,它不需要很大它不需要很大, ,那不重要。那不重要?!庇捎?thats not important.thats not important.這一語(yǔ)境可知這一語(yǔ)境可知, ,空格處應(yīng)空格處應(yīng)表示表示“不需要不需要”, ,故須用故須用needntneednt。13.(2008四川四川,10)Although this sound like a simple task,great care is needed. A.mustB.may

39、 C.shallD.should 答案答案 B 解析解析 句意為:盡管這聽起來可能像一項(xiàng)簡(jiǎn)單的句意為:盡管這聽起來可能像一項(xiàng)簡(jiǎn)單的任務(wù),但是需要非常仔細(xì)。任務(wù),但是需要非常仔細(xì)。mustmust一定,必須;一定,必須;maymay可能可能, ,可以;可以;shallshall將要;將要;shouldshould應(yīng)該。各自表達(dá)的意應(yīng)該。各自表達(dá)的意義不同,選義不同,選maymay最妥當(dāng)。最妥當(dāng)。14.(2008北京北京,21)John promised his doctor he not smoke, and he has never smoked ever since. A.mightB.sh

40、ould C.couldD.would 答案答案 D 解析解析 句意為句意為: :約翰答應(yīng)醫(yī)生他不再吸煙約翰答應(yīng)醫(yī)生他不再吸煙, ,從那以后從那以后, ,他再也沒有吸過煙。由句意可知空格處表示允諾他再也沒有吸過煙。由句意可知空格處表示允諾, ,故應(yīng)選擇故應(yīng)選擇wouldwould。15.(2008天津天津,6)She have left school, for her bike is still here. A.cantB.wouldnt C.shouldntD.neednt 答案答案 A 解析解析 句意為:她不可能離開了學(xué)校句意為:她不可能離開了學(xué)校, ,因?yàn)樗囊驗(yàn)樗淖孕熊嚾匀辉谶@兒。自

41、行車仍然在這兒。cantcant表示不可能;表示不可能;wouldnt have donewouldnt have done表虛擬;表虛擬;shouldnt have shouldnt have donedone本不該做本不該做( (卻已做了);卻已做了);neednt have doneneednt have done本本沒必要做沒必要做( (但已做了)。但已做了)。16.(2008重慶,重慶,30) I cant find my purse anywhere. You have lost it while shopping. A.mayB.can C.shouldD.would 答案答案

42、A 解析解析 表達(dá)推測(cè)之意,意為表達(dá)推測(cè)之意,意為“可能可能”。17.(2008上海上海,29)According to the air traffic rules,you switch off your mobile phone before boarding. A.mayB.can C.wouldD.should 答案答案 D 解析解析 句意為:根據(jù)關(guān)于乘坐飛機(jī)的規(guī)定,在登句意為:根據(jù)關(guān)于乘坐飛機(jī)的規(guī)定,在登機(jī)前你應(yīng)當(dāng)關(guān)閉手機(jī)。表示機(jī)前你應(yīng)當(dāng)關(guān)閉手機(jī)。表示“有責(zé)任或義務(wù)做某有責(zé)任或義務(wù)做某事事”,用,用shouldshould。18.Hows your tour around the No

43、rth Lake?Is it beautiful? It be,but it is now heavily polluted. A.willB.would C.shouldD.must 答案答案 C 解析解析 shouldshould在此意為在此意為“(按道理上)理應(yīng),應(yīng)(按道理上)理應(yīng),應(yīng)該該”。句意為:。句意為:你去你去North LakeNorth Lake的旅游怎么的旅游怎么樣?那兒美嗎?樣?那兒美嗎?按理應(yīng)該很美的,但是現(xiàn)在按理應(yīng)該很美的,但是現(xiàn)在它已被嚴(yán)重污染了。它已被嚴(yán)重污染了。19.Guess what? I have got an A for my term paper. G

44、reat!You read widely and put a lot of work into it. A.must B.should C.must have D.should have 答案答案 C 解析解析 由由“have got an A”have got an A”可知是對(duì)過去發(fā)生事可知是對(duì)過去發(fā)生事情的推測(cè),故用情的推測(cè),故用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done”+have done”結(jié)構(gòu),結(jié)構(gòu),must have done“must have done“必定做過某事必定做過某事”,符合題意。,符合題意。20.The teacher have thought Johnson was

45、 worth it or she wouldnt have wasted time on him, I suppose. A.shouldB.can C.wouldD.must 答案答案 D 解析解析 must have donemust have done表示對(duì)過去所做事情的肯定表示對(duì)過去所做事情的肯定判斷,表示判斷,表示“一定一定”。21.In crowded places like airports and railway stations, you take care of your luggage. A.canB.may C.mustD.will 答案答案 C 解析解析 句意為:在像

46、飛機(jī)場(chǎng)和車站這樣擁擠的地句意為:在像飛機(jī)場(chǎng)和車站這樣擁擠的地方,你一定要照看好自己的行李。方,你一定要照看好自己的行李。must“must“必須,必須,一定一定”符合句意。符合句意。22.My MP4 player isnt in my bag.Where I have put it? A.canB.must C.shouldD.would 答案答案 A 解析解析 本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。由句意本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。由句意“我的我的MP4MP4不不在我包里。我可能把它放哪兒了?在我包里。我可能把它放哪兒了?”可知應(yīng)選可知應(yīng)選A A。can have done“can have done“過去可能做過過去

47、可能做過”。而。而must have must have done“done“過去肯定做過過去肯定做過”,只能用于肯定陳述句;,只能用于肯定陳述句;should have done“should have done“本應(yīng)該做過(而事實(shí)上沒本應(yīng)該做過(而事實(shí)上沒做)做)”,would have donewould have done只能用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣。只能用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣。23.The biggest problem for most plants,which just get up and run away when threat- ened,is that animals like to eat

48、them. A.shantB.cant C.needntD.mustnt 答案答案 B 解析解析 句意為句意為: :對(duì)于絕大多數(shù)受到威脅時(shí)不能起來對(duì)于絕大多數(shù)受到威脅時(shí)不能起來就逃跑的植物來說最大的問題是動(dòng)物喜歡吃它們。就逃跑的植物來說最大的問題是動(dòng)物喜歡吃它們。A A項(xiàng)表將來,項(xiàng)表將來,C C項(xiàng)為項(xiàng)為“不必不必”,D D項(xiàng)為項(xiàng)為“禁止禁止”,都不正確。都不正確。24.She looks very happy.She have passed the exam. I guess so.Its not difficult after all. A.shouldB.could C.mustD.mig

49、ht 答案答案 C 解析解析 must have passed the exam“must have passed the exam“肯定是通過考試肯定是通過考試了了”,由前句中的,由前句中的“happy”happy”和下句中的和下句中的“not not difficult after all”difficult after all”可以推知。可以推知。25.Where is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday. You it in the wrong place. A.must putB.should have put C.mi

50、ght putD.might have put 答案答案 D 解析解析 本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)的用法。由本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)的用法。由yesterdayyesterday可知可知A A、C C兩項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;兩項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;should“should“應(yīng)該,理應(yīng)該,理應(yīng)應(yīng)”;might“might“或許,可能或許,可能”,顯然,顯然D D項(xiàng)正確。項(xiàng)正確。26.As a result of the serious flood,twothirds of the buildings in the area . A.need repairing B.needs to repair C.needs repairi

51、ng D.need to repair 答案答案 A 解析解析 本題考查主謂一致和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分?jǐn)?shù)、本題考查主謂一致和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)修飾名詞,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于名詞,百分?jǐn)?shù)修飾名詞,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于名詞,此處此處twotwothirdsthirds修飾修飾buildings,buildings,故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞取決于故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞取決于名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)buildings,buildings,排除排除B B、C C兩項(xiàng),兩項(xiàng),need need doing=need to be donedoing=need to be done意為意為“需要被做需要被做”。27.I told your

52、 friend how to get to the hotel,but perhaps I have driven her there. A.couldB.must C.mightD.should 答案答案 D 解析解析 本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。could have could have done“done“(過去)可能做過;本能夠做(過去)可能做過;本能夠做”;must have done“must have done“(過去)肯定做過(過去)肯定做過”;might might have done“have done“(過去)可能做過(過去)可能做過”;should have s

53、hould have done“done“本應(yīng)該做(而事實(shí)上沒做)本應(yīng)該做(而事實(shí)上沒做)”。由句意。由句意“我告訴你朋友該怎么去旅館,但或許我應(yīng)該開我告訴你朋友該怎么去旅館,但或許我應(yīng)該開車送她去那兒。車送她去那兒?!笨芍獞?yīng)選可知應(yīng)選should have doneshould have done。 28.The boss has given everyone a special holiday, so we go to work tomorrow. A.cantB.mustnt C.needntD.shouldnt 答案答案 C 解析解析 考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的否定形式的特定含義??疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞的否

54、定形式的特定含義。cantcant的意思是的意思是“不可能不可能”;shouldntshouldnt表示表示“不不應(yīng)該應(yīng)該”;mustntmustnt與與needntneednt的意思大不相同,前的意思大不相同,前者表示者表示“禁止禁止”,意思是,意思是“一定不能一定不能”;后者表;后者表示示“沒有必要沒有必要”,意思是,意思是“不必不必”,相當(dāng)于,相當(dāng)于dont have todont have to。由句意。由句意“老板放了我們假,所以老板放了我們假,所以明天沒有必要上班明天沒有必要上班”知應(yīng)選知應(yīng)選C C項(xiàng)。項(xiàng)。29.What does the sign over there read?

55、 “No person smoke or carry a lighted cigarette,cigar or pipe in this area.” A.willB.may C.shallD.must 答案答案 C 解析解析 shallshall用于第二、三人稱,表示命令、允許、用于第二、三人稱,表示命令、允許、警告等,此處表示警告。警告等,此處表示警告。 30.My cats really fat. You have given her so much food. A.wouldntB.couldnt C.shouldntD.mustnt 答案答案 C 解析解析 本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意為:

56、本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意為:我的貓我的貓真胖。真胖。你本不應(yīng)該給她那么多食物。你本不應(yīng)該給她那么多食物。shouldnt have done sth.shouldnt have done sth.本不應(yīng)該做某事(暗含做本不應(yīng)該做某事(暗含做了)。了)。1.When he was there,he go to that coffee shop at the street corner after work every day. A.wouldB.should C.had betterD.might 答案答案 A 解析解析 wouldwould可用來表示過去經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)可用來表示過去經(jīng)常性、習(xí)

57、慣性的動(dòng)作。句意為:當(dāng)他在那兒時(shí),他每天下班后都經(jīng)常作。句意為:當(dāng)他在那兒時(shí),他每天下班后都經(jīng)常到街道拐角處的咖啡店。故選到街道拐角處的咖啡店。故選A A項(xiàng)。項(xiàng)。2.“You smoke in the bedroom,”Rose said to her husband and pushed him out of the room. A.needntB.mustnt C.dare notD.wont 答案答案 B 解析解析 mustnt do sth.mustnt do sth.一定不要做某事,表示絕對(duì)一定不要做某事,表示絕對(duì)禁止,語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)烈。禁止,語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)烈。3.My demand is that

58、 the information referred to in my report to Mr.Brown without delay. A.to be e-mailedB.e-mailed C.be e-mailed D.being e-mailed 答案答案 C 解析解析 本題考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣在賓語(yǔ)從句中的用法。本題考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣在賓語(yǔ)從句中的用法。在在demand,require,request,orderdemand,require,request,order等動(dòng)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從等動(dòng)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中及相應(yīng)名詞所引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句中,應(yīng)用句中及相應(yīng)名詞所引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句中,應(yīng)用should+v.

59、should+v.,shouldshould可以省略,故選可以省略,故選C C項(xiàng)。項(xiàng)。4.Without your help,we this task on time. My pleasure. A.dont finish B.will not finish C.didnt finish D.would not have finished 答案答案 D 解析解析 without=but forwithout=but for要沒有要沒有,相當(dāng)于,相當(dāng)于if if從句。從句。本句可改為本句可改為if you hadnt helped us,we this task on if you hadnt

60、helped us,we this task on time.time.這是與過去事實(shí)相反的句子。故選這是與過去事實(shí)相反的句子。故選D D項(xiàng)。項(xiàng)。5.Recently quite a lot of experts that another law on wildlife protection as soon as possible. A.suggested;must be passed B.have suggested;be passed C.were suggesting;was passed D.suggested;being passed 答案答案 B 解析解析 suggestsugge

61、st(建議)后面的賓語(yǔ),從句中用(建議)后面的賓語(yǔ),從句中用should+should+動(dòng)詞原形的虛擬語(yǔ)氣,其中動(dòng)詞原形的虛擬語(yǔ)氣,其中shouldshould可以省略??梢允÷?。6.Her pale face suggested that she ill,and her parents suggested that she a medical examination. A.be;should haveB.was;had C.had been;hadD.was;have 答案答案 D 解析解析 若謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生或尚未若謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生或尚未成為事實(shí),則用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,此時(shí)

62、成為事實(shí),則用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,此時(shí)suggestsuggest通常譯為通常譯為“建議建議”;若謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生或已;若謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生或已經(jīng)成為事實(shí),則用陳述語(yǔ)氣,此時(shí)的經(jīng)成為事實(shí),則用陳述語(yǔ)氣,此時(shí)的suggestsuggest通常譯通常譯為為“表明、暗示表明、暗示”。7.The young man insisted that he nothing wrong and free. A.did;set B.had done;should be set C.should do;be set D.had done;must be set 答案答案 B 解析解析 若謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的

63、動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生或尚未若謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生或尚未成為事實(shí),則用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,此時(shí)成為事實(shí),則用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,此時(shí)insistinsist通常譯為通常譯為“堅(jiān)堅(jiān)持要求,堅(jiān)決主張持要求,堅(jiān)決主張”;若謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作已;若謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生或已經(jīng)成為事實(shí),則用陳述語(yǔ)氣,此時(shí)的經(jīng)發(fā)生或已經(jīng)成為事實(shí),則用陳述語(yǔ)氣,此時(shí)的insistinsist通常譯為通常譯為“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為,堅(jiān)持說堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為,堅(jiān)持說”。8.He asks that he an opportunity to explain his case. A.is givenB.should give C.giveD.be given 答案答

64、案 D 解析解析 在在askask動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句中用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,謂動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句中用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,謂語(yǔ)形式為語(yǔ)形式為“should+should+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形”,shouldshould可以省略??梢允÷?。9.Bring your raincoat along in case that it rain this afternoon. A.canB.may C.shouldD.must 答案答案 C 解析解析 in casein case表示表示“以防、萬一以防、萬一”,后面從句中的,后面從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為“(should)+(should)+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形”,表示虛擬語(yǔ)氣。,表示

65、虛擬語(yǔ)氣。10.He treated me as though I his own son. A.am B.would be C.wasD.were 答案答案 D 解析解析 以以as if,as though(as if,as though(似乎,仿佛似乎,仿佛) )引出的方式狀引出的方式狀語(yǔ)從句,如果表示非真實(shí)情況則應(yīng)該用虛擬語(yǔ)氣;語(yǔ)從句,如果表示非真實(shí)情況則應(yīng)該用虛擬語(yǔ)氣;若表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反,從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一若表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反,從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí)般過去時(shí)(be(be動(dòng)詞一律用動(dòng)詞一律用were)were)。閱讀表達(dá)專練閱讀表達(dá)專練 (6) 閱讀下面的短文,并根據(jù)短文后的要

66、求答題(請(qǐng)閱讀下面的短文,并根據(jù)短文后的要求答題(請(qǐng)注意問題后的詞數(shù)要求)。注意問題后的詞數(shù)要求)。A Teens are often called upon to care for a parent. Whether it is due to a short virus,broken legs or long-term illness,there are times when parents cant do it all on their own and a teen is the most suitable person in the home to lend a helping hand.However,you are still a youngperson and should be concentrating on your own education,to find support if you think it is imperative(緊急的緊急的). Understand the situation. It is of great importance.If you

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