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1、高考總復(fù)習(xí)一輪用書立體設(shè)計走進新課堂英 語必修3Module 3 The Violence of Nature課程解讀課程解讀話題The Violence of Nature(自然災(zāi)害)功能Giving a definition(下定義)語法1.Past perfect passive(過去完成時的被動語態(tài))2.Indirect speech(間接引語)課程解讀課程解讀重點詞匯及拓展1.disaster n.災(zāi)難2.result vt.引起；導(dǎo)致3.furniture n.家具4.bury vt.埋葬5.occur vi.發(fā)生6.strike vt. & n.襲擊7.destroy vt.毀壞

2、8.previous adj.以前的9.damage n. & v.損失；損害10.violent adj.猛烈的；激烈的violence n.暴力11.erupt vi.（火山的）爆發(fā)；噴發(fā)eruption n.爆發(fā)12.possibility n.可能；可能性possible adj.可能的probable adj.可能的（近義詞）13.terrifying adj.恐懼的terrified adj.害怕的terrify vt.使害怕14.experience vt.經(jīng)歷experienced adj.有經(jīng)驗的重點短語1.refer to提到；查詢2.pick up 拿起，拾起，搭載3.t

3、ake.off.去掉4.on average平均5.warn sb.of警告某人6.set fire to縱火燒7.put out撲滅8.in all總共9.be active in 積極10.take place發(fā)生11.find out弄清楚12.end up in以告終課程解讀課程解讀重點句型1.On average,there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year,causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries.平均來說，美國每年發(fā)生大約800次龍卷風，造成大約80人死亡，1 500人受傷。2.By the t

4、ime it ended,more than 700 people had been killed and 2,700 had been injured.風停時，已有700多人死亡，2 700人受傷。3.Montserrat is a beautiful small island in the Caribbean,only 16 kilometres long and 10 kilometres wide.蒙特塞拉特島是加勒比海上的一個美麗的小島，長僅16千米，寬10千米。知識要點知識要點要點一 單詞1.experience n.U經(jīng)驗，體驗；C經(jīng)歷；經(jīng)歷的事；體會vt. 經(jīng)歷，體驗；感受歸納

5、拓展（1）have much teaching/working experience教學(xué)/工作經(jīng)驗豐富learn by/from experience 從經(jīng)驗中學(xué)習(xí)experience in/of在方面有經(jīng)驗in ones experience據(jù)某人經(jīng)驗看(2)experienced adj.有經(jīng)驗的，老練的be experienced in 在方面老練/有經(jīng)驗知識要點知識要點例句：Mr Brown has thirty years teaching/working experience.=Mr Brown has much experience in teaching/working.布朗先

6、生有30年的教學(xué)/工作經(jīng)驗。During the war they experienced at first hand the horror of night bombing raids.在戰(zhàn)爭期間，他們親身體驗了夜間空襲的恐懼。He is very experienced in money matters.他是處理金融事務(wù)的老手。知識要點知識要點【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】Human beings have five senses for _ the world around them.A.experimentB.experienceC.experimentingD.experiencing【解析解

7、析】experience the world “體驗世界”，是動賓關(guān)系，且置于介詞for后，所以用動名詞的主動形式。句意為：人類用五種感覺來體驗他們周圍的世界。experiment意為“做實驗，嘗試”，與題意不符。【答案答案】D知識要點知識要點2. bury vt. 埋葬，埋藏，用某物覆蓋；從記憶中除去，埋葬，埋藏，用某物覆蓋；從記憶中除去，忘記忘記歸納拓展bury sb.in/at sth.將某人埋葬在bury sth.under/beneath sth.將埋在下面bury ones face in hands用手捂住臉bury oneself in work/studiesbe burie

8、d in work/studies埋頭工作/學(xué)習(xí)知識要點知識要點例句：The climbers were buried under a pile of rocks.登山者被埋在一堆巖石中。She buried her face in her hands and wept.她雙手掩面哭了起來。After the divorce,she buried herself in her work.離婚后她埋頭于工作。知識要點知識要點【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】He _ his head under his pillow because of the noise from upstairs.But he stil

9、l couldnt _ asleep.A.buried；goB.placed；wentC.buried；fallD.laid;go to【解析解析】句意為：由于樓上有噪音，他把頭埋在枕頭底下。但是，他仍舊不能入睡。bury sth. under/beneath sth.“將埋在下面”；fall asleep是固定短語，“入睡”?！敬鸢复鸢浮緾知識要點知識要點3. occur vi. 發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)；（想法、念頭等）浮現(xiàn)，想起發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)；（想法、念頭等）浮現(xiàn)，想起歸納拓展（1）If anything should occur.如果發(fā)生什么事情的話It occurred to sb. that.某人剛

10、剛想到sth.occurs to sb.某事浮現(xiàn)在某人的腦海中；某人想到（2）occurrent adj.正在發(fā)生的，偶然發(fā)生的occurrence n.發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)，事件，發(fā)生的事情知識要點知識要點例句：It occurred to me that I would travel to Europe.我突然想到要到歐洲旅游。An excellent idea occurred to me when I woke up this morning.今天早晨起床時，我突然想到一個絕妙的主意。I suppose it never occurred to you to phone the police?我

11、想你壓根兒就沒想到給警方打電話吧？知識要點知識要點【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】Why are you so late？I was in half the way when it _ to me that I had left my notebook home，so I had to fetch it.A.occurredB.hitC.happenedD.reminded【解析解析】It occurred to sb.that.意為“某人突然想起”。后半句句意為：我在半路突然想起我把筆記本忘在家里了，所以只好回去取。【答案答案】A知識要點知識要點用happen，occur，take place完成句子H

12、ow did the accident happen?Just as I was leaving the house it occurred to me that I had forgotten my keys.It so happened that I had no money with me.Great changes have taken place in China in the last 20 years.知識要點知識要點4. strike(struck;struck/stricken) vt. 打；（災(zāi)難、暴風打；（災(zāi)難、暴風雨等）襲擊；侵襲；使突然發(fā)生；到達雨等）襲擊；侵襲；使突

13、然發(fā)生；到達vt.&vi. 碰上，碰碰上，碰撞；突然想到撞；突然想到vt. 給給以印象；打動某人的心（常用被以印象；打動某人的心（常用被動結(jié)構(gòu)）；感動動結(jié)構(gòu)）；感動vt.（鐘）敲響；劃（火柴）（鐘）敲響；劃（火柴）n. 罷工罷工歸納拓展（1）strike sb.+in/on+the+身體部位打某人某處be struck by/on/with.被打動，迷戀（2）be on strike在罷工go on strike舉行罷工知識要點知識要點例句：Many people didnt have any preparation in their minds when the earthquake str

14、uck the city.當?shù)卣鹨u擊城市時，很多人根本沒有思想準備。The visitors were struck by the beauty of the country.游客們被鄉(xiāng)村的美麗打動了。The church clock struck eleven when I reached the village.當我到達村莊時，教堂的鐘敲了11下。A snowball struck him on the head.一個雪球打在他的頭上。A good idea struck the manager.經(jīng)理忽然想到了一個好主意。Within half an hour,all the driver

15、s were out on strike.半個小時內(nèi)，所有的司機都出去罷工了。知識要點知識要點【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】I washed it in hot water.It never _ to me to check the label.A.struckB.happenedC.occurredD.realized【解析解析】句意為：我用熱水把它洗了，根本沒想到去看一下標簽。It never occurred to me that.“我沒有想到”，符合題意?！敬鸢复鸢浮緾知識要點知識要點5. ruin vt. 毀壞，使破產(chǎn)毀壞，使破產(chǎn)n. 毀壞，毀滅毀壞，毀滅;破產(chǎn)，垮臺；破產(chǎn)，垮臺；（pl.）廢

16、墟）廢墟;遺跡遺跡歸納拓展（1）ruin oneself毀掉自己（2）in ruins成為廢墟be the ruin of成為毀滅/墮落的原因bring.to ruin使毀滅；使沒落go to/fall to/come to ruin毀滅，滅亡；崩潰；破壞掉知識要點知識要點例句：He knocked over a bottle of ink and ruined the tablecloth.他打翻了一瓶墨水把桌布弄臟了。Alcohol and drugs almost ruined his career.酒精和毒品幾乎毀掉了他的事業(yè)。Whole blocks of the city were

17、 in ruins after war.戰(zhàn)后這座城市所有的街區(qū)成為一片廢墟。知識要點知識要點【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】The houses across the street are _, but they were in good condition a few years ago.A.in rowsB.in ruinsC.in numberD.in detail【解析解析】in rows意為“成行，成排”；in ruins意為“毀壞，破敗不堪”；in number意為“總共”；in detail意為“詳細地”。只有B項符合句意?！敬鸢复鸢浮緽知識要點知識要點【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】用damage,d

18、estroy與ruin填空I damaged my shoes in football practice today.The building was completely destroyed by fire.She poured some ink all over my new drawing andruined it.知識要點知識要點要點二要點二 短語短語1. pick up 拾起，拿起；（無意中）學(xué)會、獲得信息；拾起，拿起；（無意中）學(xué)會、獲得信息；收聽，收到；收拾，整理；（車輛等）中途搭人，中途收聽，收到；收拾，整理；（車輛等）中途搭人，中途載貨；取物；加速載貨；取物；加速歸納拓展pi

19、ck at一點兒一點兒地吃pick on選擇；針對；挑中（某人）（作挨罵或受罰對象）pick out選出；認出pick off摘去，去除知識要點知識要點例句：Lets pick up the room before the meeting starts at two oclock.讓我們在兩點鐘開會前把這房間整理好。The women picked up the babies in the nursery on their way home from the factory.婦女們在從工廠回家的路上到托兒所接回她們的孩子。You are great to have picked up Fren

20、ch when you were in France.你居然在法國時自己學(xué)會了法語，真了不起。I pick up BBC English every day.我每天收聽“英國BBC”廣播。The conductor urged the band to pick it up.樂隊指揮要求樂隊加快演奏的速度。知識要點知識要點【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】I _ a flu when I was on a spring outing with my classmates.A.caught upB.picked upC.took upD.brought up【解析解析】考查動詞短語。catch up意為“追趕，

21、趕上”；pick up意為“撿起，獲得，學(xué)會，染上”；take up意為“拿起，從事，占據(jù)”；bring up意為“培養(yǎng)，提出”。根據(jù)句意“和我的同班同學(xué)春游的時候，我染上了流感”可知選B?！敬鸢复鸢浮緽知識要點知識要點She _ Japanese when she was in Japan.Now she can speak it freely.A.picked outB.made outC.made upD.picked up【解析解析】pick up此處意為“（無意中）學(xué)會”。句意為：她在日本時偶然學(xué)會了日語?，F(xiàn)在她說得很流利?！敬鸢复鸢浮緿知識要點知識要點2. end up in以以結(jié)

22、束，以結(jié)束，以告終告終歸納拓展（1）end (up) in failure/victory/a draw以失敗/勝利/平局結(jié)束（強調(diào)在某種結(jié)果中結(jié)束，用in）end (up) with good wishes以美好的祝愿結(jié)尾（end up with多指以某種方式結(jié)束）end up結(jié)果為，以結(jié)束（尤指意料之外）（2）on end豎立，筆直地，連續(xù)地come to an end到頭了，結(jié)束了put/bring.to an end使終止from beginning to end從頭到尾，自始至終知識要點知識要點例句：Hell end up in prison if hes not careful.如

23、果他不小心，最后會鋃鐺入獄的。The film ended up with the heroine dying.在電影結(jié)束時，女主角去世了。The meeting came to an end.會議結(jié)束了。知識要點知識要點【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】On Christmas eve, the English evening _ singing the song “The Unforgettable Tonight”.A.came upB.drew upC.ran upD.ended up【解析解析】考查動詞短語辨析。come up“走近，被提出，被提及”；draw up“起草；擬定；停止”；run u

24、p“積欠賬款、債務(wù)，累計”；end up“以結(jié)束”。句意為：在平安夜，英語晚會以一首難忘的夜晚歌曲結(jié)束。根據(jù)題意可知答案為D項。【答案答案】D知識要點知識要點3. in all總共，總計總共，總計歸納拓展above all首先，最重要的是after all畢竟，終究at all在肯定句、疑問句中意為“竟然，終于”；在否定句中意為“一點兒也不，根本不”；在if引導(dǎo)的條件句中，意為“既然”。first of all首先，最先例句：You have four apples and I have three bananas,making seven pieces of fruit in all.你有4

25、個蘋果，我有3個香蕉，總共有7個水果。He doesnt go to see his father often，after all,he is very busy with his work.他不常去看他的父親，畢竟他是忙于工作。Well,first of all we cant possibly spare the time.你看，最主要的是我們實在抽不出時間。知識要點知識要點【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】There were more than two hundred people _ at his wedding ceremony.A.after allB.in allC.at allD.abov

26、e all【解析解析】in all“總共”；after all“畢竟”；at all“竟然，終于；根本不”；above all“最重要的是”。句意為：總共有200多人出席他的結(jié)婚典禮。【答案答案】B知識要點知識要點Although he had to spend lots of money for going to the ball,he accepted the invitation. _ the ball was important to him.A.After allB.In allC.First of allD.Above all【解析解析】句意為：盡管去參加這個舞會要花很多錢，他還是

27、接受了邀請。畢竟，這個舞會對他來說很重要。after all“畢竟，終究”，符合題意。in all“總共，總計”；first of all“首先”；above all“最重要的是”?！敬鸢复鸢浮緼知識要點知識要點要點三要點三 句型句型1. On average,there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year,causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries.美國每年平均會發(fā)生美國每年平均會發(fā)生800多次龍卷風，造成大約多次龍卷風，造成大約80多人死多人死亡，亡，1 500人受傷。人受傷。歸納拓展（1）句中的現(xiàn)在分詞短語

28、作狀語，表示結(jié)果。（2）分詞作狀語，其邏輯主語就是句子的主語。邏輯主語與分詞是主動關(guān)系時，用現(xiàn)在分詞；是被動關(guān)系時，用過去分詞。（3）現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語，還可以表示時間、條件、原因、伴隨等。例句：He went out shutting the door behind him.他出去后將門隨手關(guān)上。He died,leaving his wife with five children.他死了，留下他妻子和五個孩子。知識要點知識要點【鏈接訓(xùn)練】The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance, _ in

29、 the natural light during the day.A.to letB.lettingC.letD.having let【解析】句意為：在入口處，玻璃門已取代了木門，這樣白天自然光便可照射進來。A項to let動詞不定式作目的狀語時，其前不用逗號與主句隔開;作結(jié)果狀語常以only to do形式出現(xiàn)；C項let為動詞原形，不能用作狀語；D項having let為分詞的完成時態(tài)，表示動作在主句動詞所表達的動作之前已完成，不合題意；B項letting現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語,符合題意，故選B。【答案】B知識要點知識要點The direct flight has proved succes

30、sful, _ Taiwan another tourist destination for people on the mainland.A.madeB.makingC.makeD.makes【解析解析】考查非謂語動詞用法。making作結(jié)果狀語，相當于which makes.。句意為：直達航班證明是非常成功的，這使得臺灣成了大陸人們旅游的又一目的地?！敬鸢复鸢浮緽知識要點知識要點2. Montserrat is a beautiful small island in the Caribbean,only 16 kilometres long and 10 kilometres wide.蒙

31、塞拉特島是加勒比海上的一個美麗的小島，僅長蒙塞拉特島是加勒比海上的一個美麗的小島，僅長16千千米，寬米，寬10千米。千米。歸納拓展表示“長、寬、深、高、厚、年齡”等的句型：（1）主語+be+數(shù)詞+單位詞復(fù)數(shù)+形容詞(如long/wide/high/tall/thick/deep/old等)（2）主語+be+數(shù)詞+單位詞復(fù)數(shù)+in+名詞（如length/width/height/depth/age等）（3）This is a+數(shù)詞+單位詞單數(shù)+形容詞+名詞知識要點知識要點例句：The bridge is 200 metres long.=The bridge is 200 metres in l

32、ength.這座橋長200米。This is a 200metrelong bridge.這是一個長200米的橋。知識要點知識要點【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】The two boys are both 1.80 metres _ height,but they are not _ the same age.A.in;ofB.of;inC.of;ofD.in;in【解析解析】空一考查“主語+be+數(shù)詞+單位詞復(fù)數(shù)+in+名詞”；空二考查“be+of+名詞”，兩者都用來描述人或事物的特征。【答案答案】A知識要點知識要點要點四要點四 語法語法1.過去完成時和過去完成時的被動語態(tài)過去完成時和過去完成時的被動語

33、態(tài)(1)過去完成時由“助動詞had+過去分詞”構(gòu)成。用法如下：表示在過去某一時間或動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生了的動作。它表示這個動作發(fā)生的時間是“過去的過去”；這一過去時間可用by,at,before等構(gòu)成的短語或when,after,until等引導(dǎo)的從句或通過上下文來表示。例句：By the time he was twelve,Edison had begun to make a living by himself.到了12歲時，愛迪生已經(jīng)開始自己謀生了。知識要點知識要點表示從過去某一時間開始，延續(xù)到過去另一時間的動作。這個動作可能還要延續(xù)下去。常和for或since引導(dǎo)的表示一段時間的短語或從句

34、連用。例句：He had lived in New York for ten years before he moved to Boston.他搬到波士頓之前在紐約住了十年。用于表示與過去事實相反的虛擬條件從句。例句：If he had seen you yesterday,he would have asked you about it.如果他昨天看見你，他就會問這件事了。知識要點知識要點用在間接引語或賓語從句中。放在像said,told,thought,wondered等動詞過去時的后面，表示在這些動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生的行為。例句：My friend told me that he had p

35、assed the exam.我的朋友告訴我他已經(jīng)通過了考試。用在“It was the first/second time that.”句型中。此句型中主句用一般過去時，that引導(dǎo)的從句用過去完成時。例句：It was the first time (that) we had spoken together.這是我們第一次在一起說話。知識要點知識要點(2)過去完成時的被動式表示動作在過去某一時刻或某一動作之前已完成，且謂語動詞與發(fā)出這一動作的主語存在被動關(guān)系。句中常用by，before，until，when等詞引導(dǎo)時間狀語。其結(jié)構(gòu)為“主語had been done+其他”。與by+過去時間

36、搭配的被動語態(tài)用過去完成時。例句：By the time he got to the school，the first period had been finished.當他趕到學(xué)校的時候，第一節(jié)課已經(jīng)上完了。知識要點知識要點在say，report，ask等動詞之后的賓語從句中，若表示過去某一被動動作時，用過去完成時。例句：The media reported more than 1，000 people had been killed in the hurricane.媒體報道說有一千多人在颶風中喪生。根據(jù)語意可以判斷出動作先后的被動語態(tài)，用過去完成時。例句：As the assignmen

37、t had been done，he went on to search the Internet.因為作業(yè)已經(jīng)完成，他上網(wǎng)查閱一些資料。知識要點知識要點【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】It was reported that Mr Smith _ by the police for driving his car while drunk.A.killedB.had been shotC.caughtD.had been caught【解析解析】句意為：據(jù)報道，史密斯先生由于醉酒時開車，被警察逮捕了。catch發(fā)生在reported之前，故應(yīng)用過去完成時。B項與語意不符。【答案答案】D知識要點知識要點I

38、was shocked to hear that your house _ into.A.was brokenB.brokeC.had been brokenD.have been broken【解析解析】首先break這個動作發(fā)生在was shocked之前，即過去的過去；又house與break into之間存在被動關(guān)系，故應(yīng)該用過去完成時的被動語態(tài)，答案為C。【答案答案】C知識要點知識要點His earlier concert in Shanghai _ a big success.It was the first time the Taiwan singer _ a concert o

39、n the mainland.A.is;heldB.was;heldC.had been;would holdD.was;had held【解析解析】句意為：他在上海舉辦的較早的音樂會取得了巨大的成功。這是臺灣歌手第一次在大陸舉辦音樂會。由earlier可知his concert是在過去舉辦的，故使用一般過去時。在“It/This+is/was+the+序數(shù)詞+time”引導(dǎo)的從句中常使用完成時態(tài)，由was可確定從句中謂語動詞使用過去完成時，故答案為D?！敬鸢复鸢浮緿知識要點知識要點The play _ on for quite some time when we arrived at the

40、 New Theatre.A.had already beenB.has already beenC.wasD.would be【解析解析】句意為：當我們到達新劇院時，那個戲劇已開演了一段時間了。由句意可知be on發(fā)生在過去的動作arrived之前，故應(yīng)用過去完成時，答案為A。【答案答案】A知識要點知識要點2.間接引語間接引語當句子從直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，應(yīng)特別注意各部分的變化。(1)時態(tài)變化若主句謂語動詞為現(xiàn)在時，間接引語的動詞時態(tài)不變。若主句謂語動詞為過去時的時候，間接引語動詞的時態(tài)變化如下：現(xiàn)在時過去時過去時、現(xiàn)在完成時、過去完成時過去完成時注意：表示真理或客觀事實，間接引語中謂語動

41、詞的時態(tài)不變。知識要點知識要點(2)時間狀語、地點副詞、指示代詞、動詞的變化直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語，某些代詞、形容詞、副詞要發(fā)生變化。nowthenagobefore todaythat daytomorrownext dayherethere thisthatthesethose comegobringtake知識要點知識要點(3)人稱的變化直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語，人稱代詞要作相應(yīng)的變動，使其與謂語動詞的人稱一致。He said ,“Im happy.” He said that he was happy.他說：“我很開心?！彼f他很開心。(4)必要的連詞陳述句用that連接一般疑問句用if或w

42、hether特殊疑問句用相應(yīng)的特殊疑問詞知識要點知識要點【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】Youre saying _ everyone should be equal,and this is where I disagree.A.whetherB.thatC.whatD.if【解析解析】句意為：你說的眾生平等，我不敢茍同。在轉(zhuǎn)述別人所說的陳述句時，用that引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句表示。whether/if引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句用來轉(zhuǎn)述一般疑問句，用what等疑問詞引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句來轉(zhuǎn)述特殊疑問句。【答案答案】B知識要點知識要點I didnt tell him _.A.how long I have marriedB.

43、when I had been marriedC.how long I had marriedD.when I got married【解析解析】因為marry是短暫性動詞，所以選項A、C表述錯誤；又因為when引導(dǎo)的從句變間接引語時，從句的時態(tài)不變，不需要改為過去完成時，所以選D?！敬鸢复鸢浮緿知識要點知識要點將下列句子中的直接引語改為間接引語“I dont want to set down a series of facts in my diary,”said Anne.Anne said that she didnt want to set down a series of facts in her diary.“Where do you usually have lunch ?” he asked me.He asked me where I usually had lunch.Thank you !