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1、12（1）所有的不及物動詞或不及物動詞詞組不能用于被動語態(tài)之中。如：happen, take place, come about, occur, break out, disappear, arrive, rise, lie, come into being, come true, run out, give out (筋疲力盡), hurt (疼痛)等。Great changes have taken place in the city.這座城市發(fā)生了巨大的變化?！安荒苡糜诒粍诱Z態(tài)的場合不能用于被動語態(tài)的場合3（2）所有的連系動詞不能用于被動語態(tài)。如：be, become, get, tur

2、n, fall, appear, seem, grow, prove, look, sound, smell, taste, feel 等。The soup tastes delicious. 湯味道很好。The method proves practical. 這個辦法證明是可行的。4（3）表示歸屬的動詞，如have, own, belong to等。The house belongs to her.這棟房子是她的。5（4）表示“依然”的動詞。如：remain, stay, lie, stand等。He remains single. 他依然是單身。The table feels smoot

3、h. 這張桌子摸起來很光滑。6（1）當feel, look, smell, taste, sound等后面接形容詞時。The news sounds exciting.這消息聽起來振奮人心。注意：注意：當feel, see, smell, taste, hear等感官動詞作行為動詞時，有被動形式。They are tasting the soup.他們正在喝湯。 The soup is being tasted (by them).主動表被動的場合主動表被動的場合7（2）當及物動詞cut, read, sell, wear, lock, open, close, write, burn, co

4、ok, wash等作不及物動詞用，而且其后還有副詞如well, easily, hardly, nicely, smoothly等修飾時。These apples cook well. 這些蘋果適于烹煮。This metal cuts easily. 這種金屬容易切割。The match lights easily. 這火柴容易劃著。The door wont lock. 門鎖不上。8（3）want, require, need, deserve, (not) bear后面的動名詞用主動表示被動。The machine needs repairing. 機器需要修了。His language

5、wont bear repeating. 他的話不堪重述。9（4）be worth doing用主動形式表示被動含義。The film is well worth seeing.這部影片很值得一看。10（5）在“be+形容詞+to do”結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式作形容詞的狀語，句子的主語在邏輯上是不定式的賓語時。This kind of water isnt fit to drink. 這種水不適合飲用。The girl isnt easy to get along with.這女孩很難相處。11（6）少數(shù)幾個動詞作表語或定語時，如：blame（責(zé)備），let（出租），seek (尋找)。 He was

6、 to blame for the accident. 他因事故要受到責(zé)備。There are many houses to let. 有很多房子有待出租。12（7）當不定式作定語，句子的主語是它的邏輯主語時，不定式用主動表被動，反之用被動。I have a lot of articles to type.（自己打字）我有很多文章要打印。I have a lot of articles to be typed. (別人打字)我得去打印很多文章。13（8）在介詞beyond, in need of 后用動名詞的主動表被動。His work is beyond praising. 他的工作叫人贊不

7、絕口。The teaching method is in need of improving. 教學(xué)方法需要改進。14在英語中，有少量的及物動詞常用其被動形式表示主動意思。如seat, dress, station(駐扎)等。 Can those seated at the back of the classroom hear me? No problem.坐在教室后面的能聽得見嗎？沒問題。被動表示主動意思被動表示主動意思15() 1. Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they

8、 _ before leaving their hometowns. (2010福建卷)A. promisedB. were promisedC. have promisedD. have been promised16D考查時態(tài)與語態(tài)。每年都有大批農(nóng)民到深圳打工賺錢，在離開家鄉(xiāng)之間他們已被承諾可以獲得這些工作機會。本句中含有定語從句，修飾jobs。promise sb. sth. 答應(yīng)某人某事，此處應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)，并且動作發(fā)生在主句中的動作發(fā)生之前，應(yīng)選D項。 17() 2. This coastal area _ a n a t i o n a l w i l d l i f e r e s

9、 e r v e l a s t year.(2010湖南卷)A. was named B. named C. is named D. names 18A根據(jù)主語“This coastal area”與name之間的被動關(guān)系排除B、D兩項。根據(jù)句中的last year判斷用一般過去時，故選A項。19() 3. The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune _.(2010全國卷)A. is made B. would makeC. was to be made D. had made 20C句

10、意：澳大利亞金子的發(fā)現(xiàn)導(dǎo)致成千上萬人相信就要發(fā)財了。be to 將要，就要。make a fortune 發(fā)財，此處用的是被動。 21() 4. Youve failed to do what you _ to and Im afraid the teacher will blame you. (2010四川卷)A. will expectB. will be expectedC. expectedD. were expected22D考查語態(tài)。由語意“你沒有達到期望”可知，定語從句中用一般過去時；從句中的主語you是動詞expect的承受者，故謂語動詞用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。23() 5.

11、Why dont we choose that road to save time? The bridge to it _.(2009四川卷)A. has repairedB. is repairedC. is being repairedD. will be repaired24C考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。根據(jù)語境可知不走另一條路的原因是因為橋正在被修，所以用現(xiàn)在進行時的被動形式。25書面表達：應(yīng)用文寫作技巧（五）歡迎辭書面表達：應(yīng)用文寫作技巧（五）歡迎辭【要點概述】歡迎辭是在現(xiàn)代社會生活的交際活動中，在特定的場合對于客人的到來表示熱烈歡迎時所使用的一種專用文書。261. 歡迎辭一般分為三個部分：稱呼

12、語，正文，結(jié)束語。最常用的稱呼語是 Ladies and gentlemen，如果在場的有比較重要的客 人 ， 也 可 專 門 給 予 稱 呼 ， 如 : M r President, ladies and gentlemen。在學(xué)校中對同學(xué)的稱呼，可用Boys and girls。如果有教師在場，可以說Mr Li, boys and girls等等。272.正文是致詞的主體，是歡迎辭的核心部分。一種情況是歡迎某（幾個）人的到來，然后簡要介紹到訪者的身份、經(jīng)歷和成就，最后邀請他（們）或她（們）發(fā)言。另一種情況是在某團體組織的新成立開張儀式上，如果是團體組織，則要介紹這一組織的特點，還可簡要說明

13、一下活動安排等。283.從語言特征上看，英語致詞的用詞要大方得體，文辭高雅而莊重，熱情禮貌而不失分寸，既口語化而又用語規(guī)范。294.常用客套話： Dear friends,/ Ladies and gentlemen, Welcome to our school First of all, lets extend our warm welcome and cordial greetings to our distinguished guest(s) Thank you.30【體驗高考】史密斯先生是從加拿大新來的外籍教師，即將教你們班英語，為了歡迎他的到來，請你在班上用英語作個歡迎辭。31內(nèi)容要

14、點：1.代表老師和全班同學(xué)熱烈歡迎史密斯教授的到來。2.簡單介紹史密斯先生及其豐富的教學(xué)經(jīng)驗。3.邀請史密斯先生發(fā)言。(120詞左右)_32一、要求：時態(tài)：歡迎辭用一般現(xiàn)在時。 二、要點提示：1.歡迎辭基本格式，包括開頭、正文和結(jié)尾。2.以上要點不能遺漏。33One possible version：Ladies and gentlemen， / Boys and girls, We feel greatly honored today to be here with Professor Smith from Canada. Now allow me on behalf of all the

15、teachers and students of our class to extend our warm welcome and sincere greetings to our distinguished guest who has come from so far away to help us with our English studies.34 Professor Smith is an experienced language expert who has devoted himself to the teaching of English for the past 20 yea

16、rs. Its certainly our classs honor to have Professor Smith as our English teacher for the next year. Now let us invite Professor Smith to address us.35【強化演練】 你們學(xué)校新成立了英語俱樂部，作為組織者的你將在開張典禮上作歡迎辭。介紹英語俱樂部成立的重要意義及其主要作用，并希望大家通過俱樂部加強英語交流，以提高英語口語。(詞數(shù)：100左右)參考詞匯：代表 on behalf of；參加者 participant；衷心的 heartfelt_36

17、一、提示：1時態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時2格式：歡迎辭的開頭稱呼語、正文、結(jié)束語都要包含。二、要點提示：1. 歡迎參加者的到來；2. 介紹英語俱樂部成立的重要意義和作用；3. 邀請大家積極參加。37One possible version:Ladies and gentlemen， First of all, please allow me to express the most heartfelt welcome to all of you on behalf of our English Club. We have been looking forward to seeing you for long

18、. It is a wonderful day today.38 Now I would like to introduce my club to you. Our club, organizing various activities regularly and meeting the needs of participants, is well-known among many English learners. If you want to meet native English speakers, please join us. If you want to speak English not only accurately but also fluently, please join us. If you want to discover the most attractive aspects in English, please join us. I do hope that you will enjoy your journey of English study with us. Thank you!