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1、1(2)2指說話人對(duì)某種事實(shí)的相反的假設(shè)和主觀愿望，而這種愿望一般難以實(shí)現(xiàn)，或不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)。虛擬語氣的假設(shè)意義虛擬語氣的假設(shè)意義31.虛擬語氣在非真實(shí)條件從句中：條件從句從句的謂語動(dòng)詞形式主句的謂語動(dòng)詞形式表示現(xiàn)表示現(xiàn)在情況在情況If+ +主語動(dòng)詞過去式主語動(dòng)詞過去式should/would/could/might+ +動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形表示過表示過去情況去情況If+ +主語主語+ +had+ +過去分詞過去分詞should/would/could/might + have+ +過去分詞過去分詞表示將表示將來情況來情況If+ +主語主語+ +should+ +動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形If + were t

2、o+ +動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形If+If+動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞過去式過去式should/would/could/might+ +動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形4與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反： If I had time, I would come.如果我有時(shí)間，我將來。與過去事實(shí)相反：If you had helped me, I would not have failed.如果你幫了我，我就不會(huì)失敗了。5與將來事實(shí)相反：If it should/were to rain, we would put off the meeting.要是天下雨，我們會(huì)推遲會(huì)議。注意：注意：以上非真實(shí)條件從句中的倒裝情況：當(dāng)從句的謂語中含有should，we

3、re，had時(shí)，可將if省略，將should，were，had提到句首。但否定式不可用縮略式。6Hadnt it been for the captain, the ship would have sunk. (錯(cuò)誤)Had it not been for the captain, the ship would have sunk.（正確）要不是船長，船早就沉了。7Should he come, I would not leave.如果他來，我將不會(huì)離開。Were the teacher to come, I would ask him for help.如果老師來，我將請(qǐng)求他幫忙。82.混合

4、虛擬形式：當(dāng)從句跟主句的動(dòng)作的時(shí)間不一致，這時(shí)主句和從句的謂語動(dòng)詞形式需要根據(jù)意思來確定。If you had followed his advice, you wouldnt be in such trouble now.（從句說明過去，主句now說明現(xiàn)在）你當(dāng)初如果聽從他的建議，現(xiàn)在就不會(huì)陷入這種困境了。9If I were you, I wouldnt have done the foolish thing. (從句指現(xiàn)在，主句指過去)如果我是你，我就不會(huì)做這種傻事情。103.含蓄虛擬條件句：由介詞(短語) but for/without（要不是）, with （有）, 連詞 or, o

5、therwise 或but 以及suppose，supposing，providing等詞表示if，引出虛擬句。11But for/Without you, I could not be recovered so soon.=If it had not been for you, I couldnt 要不是你，我不可能康復(fù)這么快。With your help, I might finish it earlier.有了你的幫助，我會(huì)提前完成。12He telephoned to tell me the date of the meeting, or/otherwise I would have

6、missed it.他電話通知了我會(huì)議日期，否則我會(huì)錯(cuò)過的。13I told him to go there himself, but perhaps I should have gone together with him.我告訴他自己去那兒，但也許我應(yīng)該和他一起去。Suppose you were in my shoes, what would you do? 如果你穿我的鞋，你將會(huì)怎樣呢？144.if only虛擬句：If only you were my sister!要是你是我妹妹就好了。If only he had known it!要是他早知道就好了。155.would rath

7、er從句的虛擬形式，即：would rather (that)+主語I would rather you came now/tomorrow.我寧愿你現(xiàn)在/明天來。She would rather you had arrived last night.她希望你昨晚到。had done (指過去)did/were (指現(xiàn)在或?qū)?166.wish后賓語從句的虛擬形式：與現(xiàn)在的愿望不相符：did/ wereI wish I were you. 我多么希望我是你。He wishes he had a big house.他希望他有一幢大房子。17與過去的愿望不相符：had doneI wish I

8、had not said that. 我希望我沒說那件事。 表 示 將 來 不 大 可 能 實(shí) 現(xiàn) 的 愿 望 ：would/could/might doI wish it would rain tomorrow.我希望明天下雨。187.狀語從句中的虛擬形式：由as if /though引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句或表語從句可以用陳述語氣表示可能符合事實(shí)的情況，也可以用虛擬語氣表示與事實(shí)不符或與事實(shí)相反的情況。表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)不相符，用一般過去時(shí)。The teacher treats the pupil as if he were her own child.老師把這個(gè)學(xué)生當(dāng)作她自己的孩子一樣看待。19表

9、示與過去事實(shí)不相符，用過去完成時(shí)。I felt as if it had happened yesterday.我感覺那似乎是發(fā)生在昨天。 表 示 與 將 來 事 實(shí) 不 相 符 ， 用“would/might/could + do”。It looks as if it would/might/could rain. 天看起來要下雨。20() 1.Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy _. (2010浙江卷)A. would have been savedB. had been sav

10、edC. will be savedD. was saved21A考查虛擬語氣。根據(jù)句子的倒裝特征判斷此處是省略了if的虛擬語氣，原形是：If I had known about this computer program，可見條件與過去事實(shí)相反。22() 2. George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but Id rather he _ more on its culture. (2010江蘇卷)A. focus B. focusedC. would focus D. had focused23Bwould ra

11、ther后應(yīng)用虛擬語氣，表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，用動(dòng)詞的過去式。 24() 3. Sorry, Professor Smith. I didnt finish the assignment yesterday. Oh, you_ have done it as yesterday was the deadline. (2010上海卷)A. must B. mustntC. should D. shouldnt25C此處表示和過去事實(shí)相反的情況，應(yīng)該用should + have done：本來應(yīng)該做而未做。26書面表達(dá)：看圖類寫作技巧書面表達(dá)：看圖類寫作技巧【要點(diǎn)概述】看圖類寫作要求考生有較強(qiáng)的邏輯

12、思維能力和語言組織能力?？磮D類寫作應(yīng)該注意以下兩個(gè)方面的問題：271. 仔細(xì)觀察幾幅圖畫，如果是以記人敘事故事情節(jié)為主要內(nèi)容的，就要弄清楚故事的開頭和結(jié)尾，并理清整個(gè)事件發(fā)展的前因后果，把圖片展示的人物、地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間、事件等有機(jī)地組合起來，切勿遺漏某些細(xì)節(jié)。然后用連貫的句子造句成篇。如果是說理性為主的內(nèi)容，就要看懂圖畫內(nèi)容并加以描述，最后對(duì)圖畫中要反映的現(xiàn)實(shí)問題加以議論，發(fā)表看法。2. 確定短文的時(shí)態(tài)和人稱。28【體驗(yàn)高考】假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高二(1)班的學(xué)生李華，利用上周末的時(shí)間幫助祖父母安排了去北戴河的旅行。請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下四幅圖的先后順序，寫一篇英文周記，敘述你從準(zhǔn)備到送行的全過程。2930注意：

13、1周記的開頭已為你寫好。2詞數(shù)100左右。Last weekend, I helped my grandparents p r e p a r e t h e i r t r i p t o B e i d a i h e . _31One possible version： Last weekend, I helped my grandparents prepare their trip to Beidaihe. On Saturday morning, together with my grandparents, I searched the Internet for the train

14、schedule, the weather in Beidaihe, and some hotel information. In the afternoon, I went to the train station and managed to buy two tickets for my grandparents although there was a long queue. After dinner, I packed into the suitcase the things my grandparents need, such as clothes, glasses, an umbr

15、ella, and a map. The next morning, I went to the station to see them off. Waving goodbye to them on the platform, I felt happy for them and wished them a safe journey.32【強(qiáng)化演練】 下面4幅圖描述的是高三學(xué)生Tom和Mike的一次經(jīng)歷，請(qǐng)你根據(jù)圖畫內(nèi)容和文字提示寫一篇100詞左右的短文。注意適當(dāng)發(fā)表個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)。3334_35One possible version: At present，playing computer gam

16、es is becoming more and more popular with people，especially with school students. Take Tom and Mike for example, every day after school，they go to the net bar to play games till late at night，and they often have a competition to see who wins more scores. Once，Tom didnt go home until eleven oclock at night. When he got home，he told his mother that he had been going over his lessons. Poor mom！She believed him and cooked two eggs for him. “Take more care of yourself as you work too hard，my dear son.” But Toms face turned red at his mothers praise. Later he made up his mind to work really hard.