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1、人教版英語精品資料（精修版） 必修一 Unit1 friendship Reading and language points 從容說課 This is the third teaching period of this unit. The teacher should first check the students’ homework and offer chances for the students to review what they learned in the second period. The emphasi

2、s in this period will be put on the important new words, expressions and sentence patterns. In order to make the students understand these important points tho-roughly, the teacher can first get the students to understand their meanings in the context, then give some explanations about them, and lat

3、er offer some practices to let the students know their usages. At last make the students do more exercises for consolidation. The teacher should be expected to carefully design class activities to encourage the students to be active in class so as to enable the students to grasp and use these langu

4、age points both orally and in written form. Make sure the students are willing to take part in the activities in class and get ready to cooperate with each other. In doing so, the students can learn, grasp and use these important language points well. 教學(xué)重點(diǎn) Enable the students to grasp the usages o

5、f such important new words and expressions as share, crazy, dare, series, on purpose, in order to, and so on. 教學(xué)難點(diǎn) How to enable the students to grasp the usages of dare and in order to and understand some difficult and long sentences. 教學(xué)方法 1. Discussing, summarizing and practicing 2. Cooperati

6、ve learning 教具準(zhǔn)備 The multimedia and other normal teaching tools 三維目標(biāo) Knowledge aims: 1. Get the students to learn and grasp some important new words and expressions:add　ignore　concern　cheat　share　series　crazy　dare　suffer　advice　communicate　add up　calm down　have got to　be concerned about　go thro

7、ugh　hide away　set down　a series of　on purpose　in order to　face to face　according to　get along with　fall in love with　join in 2. Get the students to understand some useful sentence patterns: 1)Your friend, who doesn’t work hard, asks you to help him or her to cheat in the exam by looking at your pa

8、per, what will you do? (the Attributive Clause) 2)I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do, but I want this diary itself to be my friend. (as. . . ) 4)I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long time that I’ve grown so crazy about everythi

9、ng to do with nature. (I wonder if/whether. . . ; so. . . that. . . ) 5). . . I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven one evening in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself. (stay+adj. ; in order to do) Ability aims: 1. Enable the students to use some useful words and ex

10、pressions correctly. 2. Enable the students to learn how to understand new words, expressions and difficult sentences according to the context. Emotional aims: Develop the students’ spirit of cooperation and teamwork. 教學(xué)過程 設(shè)計(jì)方案（一） →Step 1 Revision 1. Check the homework exercises. 2. Ask some

11、 students to talk about their friends and what qualities and behavior make good friends. Also may ask them to talk about Anne’s best friend, her diary. →Step 2 Reading and exercise Get the students to try to find out the words and expressions as quickly as possible in the related parts and let the

12、m learn some important new words and expressions by studying their contexts, clues and word-formation. The teacher shows the following on the screen. 1. Find the words and expressions in Warming Up. Make sure that they have the same meanings given below. 1)to join numbers, amount, etc. so as to f

13、ind the total 2)to act in a dishonest way in order to win; to take from (someone)in a dishonest way 3)be worried about 4)feeling unhappy about something; worried; anxious 5)not to take notice of 6)to make (of a living beings)calm 7)must 8)not fastened; tied up, shut up, etc. ; free from contr

14、ol 2. Fill in the blanks with the words and expressions in the Reading to complete the following sentences. 1)Friends are just the people who______________ your happiness and sorrow. 2)You really don’t know what we______________ while working on the farm. 3)I have______________ everything that h

15、appened, as I remember it. 4)She______________ singing and dancing. 5)Tom did something wrong to his brother, but he said he didn’t do that______________　. 6)______________ catch the first bus, she got up early this morning. 7)The naughty boy______________ and his parents didn’t find him anywher

16、e. 8)A deep blue sky, white clouds, green trees and red flowers and fresh air held me_______________ . →Step 3 Checking Explain the problems the students meet while checking the answers. Suggested answers: 1. 1)add up　2)cheat　3)be concerned about　4)upset　5)ignore　6)calm down7)have (got) to　8)lo

17、ose 2. 1)share　2)went through　3)set down　4)is crazy about　5)on purpose　6)In order to　7)hid away　8)entirely in their power →Step 4 Language Points 1. add vt. & vi. 1)to put something with something else or with a group of other things加；添；增加 Do you want to add your name to the list? 你愿意把名字添到名單上

18、嗎？ Whisk the egg and then add the flour. 打好雞蛋以后再加面粉。 2)to put two or more numbers together in order to calculate the total加 Add 6 and 6 to make 12. 6加6得12。 If you add 5 and 5 (together), you get 10. 5加5得10。 Add 9 to the total. 在總數(shù)上再加9。 3)to say some more that is related to what has already

19、 been said接著又說；補(bǔ)充說 That’s all I want to say. Is there anything you’d like to add？ 我要說的就這些，你還有什么要補(bǔ)充的嗎？ I have nothing to add to my earlier statement. 我對(duì)我先前說的話，沒有什么補(bǔ)充的。 add to to make something larger and more noticeable增加 Our explanation seemed only to add to his bewilderment. 我們的解釋似乎只是增加了他的困惑

20、。 Fireworks added to the attraction of the festival night. 焰火使節(jié)日的夜晚更加生色。 add up to calculate the total of several numbers加起來；總計(jì) Add your scores up and we’ll see who won. 把你們的得分加起來，我們就會(huì)看出誰贏了。 Add up all the money I owe you. 把我應(yīng)付你的錢都加在一起。 add up to to have a particular result總計(jì)，共達(dá) His schooli

21、ng added up to no more than one year. 他受的學(xué)校教育總計(jì)不超過一年。 These numbers add up to 100. 這些數(shù)目合計(jì)為100。 addition n. 加；增加的人或事物 additional adj. 附加的；另外的；外加的 (1)What he did______________ our difficulties. A. add to B. has added up C. has added to D. had added up to (2)The cost______________ 100 millio

22、n dollars. A. added up to B. has added to C. added D. has added up (3)All this______________ a new concept of the universe. A. adds B. adds to C. adds up D. adds up to (4)—It is very delicious, is it? —Yes, I think you have had some salt______________ the soup. A. added B. added into

23、C. added to D. added up to 答案：(1)C　(2)A　(3)D　(4)C 2. upset 1)vt. &vi. (upset; upset)to make someone feel unhappy or worried 使不安；使心煩 I’m sorry. I didn’t mean to upset you. 對(duì)不起，我本來并不想讓你不高興的。 Her friend’s sudden death upset him very much. 她朋友的突然去世使她很難過。 2)adj. (not before noun)unhappy and worr

24、ied 心煩意亂的；心情不舒適的 She was still upset about the argument that she had had with Harry. 對(duì)于她和Harry的爭(zhēng)吵，她還感到心煩呢。 She is really feeling upset about losing lots of money. 丟掉了許多錢，她真的感到很沮喪。 3. ignore vt. 1)to behave as if you had not seen or heard someone or something不理睬；忽視 Some drivers simply ignore s

25、peed limits. 有些司機(jī)就是無視速度的限制。 He completely ignored all these facts as though they never existed. 他完全無視這一切，好像它們根本不存在似的。 She saw him coming but she ignored him. 她看見他走過來，但裝作沒看到他。 2)to pay no attention to something that you have been told or that you know about忽略（不計(jì)） The policeman ignored personal

26、 danger to save a little girl. 為了救一個(gè)小女孩，那名警察不顧個(gè)人的安危。 ignorance n. 無知　ignorant adj. 無知的；愚昧的；不知道的 4. calm 1)adj. quiet and without excitement, nervous activity or strong feelings平靜的；鎮(zhèn)靜的，沉著的 Keep calm, and try not to panic. 保持鎮(zhèn)靜，不要慌張。 She tried to keep calm about it. 她努力對(duì)此保持鎮(zhèn)靜。 2)vt. & vi. to

27、make someone or something quiet after strong emotion or nervous activity (使)平靜，(使)鎮(zhèn)定；平息 Charlie tried to calm the frightened children. 查理努力使受到驚嚇的孩子們平靜下來。 The crying child soon calmed down. 哭鬧的小孩不多一會(huì)就安靜下來。 calm down vt. &vi. to become quiet or make someone quiet after strong emotion or nervous a

28、ctivity(使)平靜下來，(使)鎮(zhèn)定下來 When she heard the news, she was so excited that nothing could calm her down. 當(dāng)聽到這個(gè)消息時(shí)，她激動(dòng)得什么也不能使她平靜下來。 Calm down and tell me what happened. 別激動(dòng)，告訴我發(fā)生了什么事。 Wait till you are more______________. It’s better to be sure than sorry. A. inspired B. certain C. calm D. satis

29、fied 答案：B 5. share 1)vi & vt. (1)to have or use (sth. )with others; have (sth. )in common與別人共有或合用（某物）；在（某方面）有共同之處 The last bus had gone, so the three of us shared a taxi. 最后一班公交車開走了，我們仨人打了一輛出租車。 I shared a room with him at college. 上大學(xué)時(shí)，我和他同居一室。 He shares my fears about a possible war. 他和我

30、一樣害怕有可能發(fā)生戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。 (2)have a share in sth. ; participate in sth. 分?jǐn)偦蚍窒砟呈挛?；參與某事物 I will share (in) the cost with you. 我愿與你分?jǐn)傎M(fèi)用。 She shares (in) my troubles as well as my joys. 她與我同甘共苦。 (3)to tell sb. about sth. 將某事告訴某人 She won’t share her secret with us. 她不肯把她的秘密告訴我們。 I want to share my news with

31、you. 我想把我得到的消息告訴你。 2)n. part of something 一份；部分；份額 I do my share of the housework. 我做我該做的那份家務(wù)。 Don’t worry—you’ll get your fair share. 別急，你會(huì)得到你應(yīng)得的那份。 Let Harry play with your toys as well, Glare—you must learn to______________. A. support B. care C. spare D. share 答案：D 6. set down to pu

32、t or lay down; to write down sth. so that you have a record of it 放下，擱下；記下，寫下 Set down your heavy bag and take a rest. 放下你的包，休息一會(huì)。 I want to set down my feelings on paper. 我要記下我的感受。 set apart to make someone or something different from other people or things 使突出，使與眾不同 set aside to keep some mo

33、ney or time for a special purpose 存儲(chǔ)，撥出 set off to start to go somewhere; to cause an explosion 出發(fā)，動(dòng)身；使爆炸 set out to start a journey or to talk about something in an organized way 出發(fā)，開始；陳述，闡明 set up to start an organization; to build something 設(shè)立，開辦；豎起，建起 1) They______________ the experiment yes

34、terday. A. set about to do B. set out doing C. set aside doing D. set out to do 2) The Chinese delegation group will______________ for America tomorrow. A. set apart B. set aside C. set off D. set up 答案：1)D　2)C 7. go through to examine carefully; to experience審閱，檢查；經(jīng)歷（困難、痛苦等）

35、 I went through the students’ papers last night. 我昨晚仔細(xì)批改了學(xué)生的作業(yè)。 You really don’t know what we went through while working on this project. 你的確不知道我們?cè)诟氵@個(gè)項(xiàng)目的時(shí)候吃了多少苦。 8. crazy adj. impractical; foolish; mad; ill in the mind; wildly excited; very interested不實(shí)際的；愚蠢的；瘋狂的；怪誕的，古怪的；狂熱的；熱衷于，迷戀 That’s the

36、craziest idea I’ve ever heard. 那是我曾聽到的最蠢的想法。 It’s crazy to go out in such hot weather. 在這么炎熱的天氣里出去真是瘋了。 Turn that music down—it’s driving me crazy. 把音樂音量調(diào)小，我都快瘋了。 She is crazy about dancing. 她對(duì)舞蹈十分著迷。 be crazy about/over to like sb. very much, or be very interested in something 愛上，迷戀著；熱衷于，醉心

37、于 The boy is crazy about football. 那個(gè)男孩對(duì)足球著迷。 like crazy very hard發(fā)瘋似地；拼命地；猛烈地 We have to work like crazy to get this finished on time. 為了按時(shí)完成這個(gè)任務(wù)，我們不得不拼命地工作。 He’s crazy______________ out in such hot weather! A. about going B. to go C. going D. at going 答案：B 9. lonely adj. unhappy becaus

38、e of being alone or without friends孤獨(dú)的；寂寞的 Living in a big city can be very lonely. 在大城市里生活還真很孤寂。 When his wife and two little children left him, he was very lonely. 妻子和兩個(gè)孩子離開他后，他非常孤獨(dú)。 Hers is a lonely life. 她的生活很寂寞。 lonely&alone: alone adj. &adv. without any friends or separated from others

39、; only (usually behind a n. or pron. )\[只作表語\]單獨(dú)的，獨(dú)自的；獨(dú)一無二的；\[只放在名詞、代詞之后\]僅僅，只有 He was alone in the house. 他獨(dú)自一人在家里。 I am not alone in thinking so. 并非只有我才這樣想的。 The key alone will open the door. 只有這把鑰匙能打開這道門。 I live all alone but I never feel lonely. 我雖然孑然一身，但從不感孤獨(dú)。 leave/let sb. or sth. alo

40、ne not to take, touch or interfere with sb. or sth. 不帶走；不觸摸；不干涉某人或某物 She has asked to be left alone. 她要求不要打擾她。 I’ve told you before—leave my things alone! 我早已告訴過你，不要?jiǎng)游业臇|西。 The old captain lived______________ on a______________ island in the Atlantic Ocean but he never felt______________. A. lo

41、nely; alone; lonely B. alone; lonely; lonely C. alone; lonely; alone D. lonely; lonely; alone 答案：B 10. concern 1)n. worry; thing that is important or interesting to sb. 擔(dān)心；對(duì)某人來說是重要的或感興趣的事 There is growing concern about/over the effects of pollution on health. 現(xiàn)在越來越擔(dān)心污染給健康帶來的影響。 The rise i

42、n unemployment is of great concern to the government. 對(duì)政府來說，失業(yè)人數(shù)的增長(zhǎng)是非常重大的事情。 2)vt. to make someone feel worried or upset使某人擔(dān)憂；使煩惱 The fact that she spends so much money on her own really concerns me. 她在自己身上花那么多的錢真的讓我感到煩惱。 More and more people are concerning themselves with/about environmental p

43、roblems. 越來越多的人在為環(huán)保問題擔(dān)憂。 be concerned about/for be worried about關(guān)心；掛念 Ross has never been concerned about what other people think of him. 羅斯從來不關(guān)心別人怎么看他。 Rescuers are concerned for the safety of those trapped in the mine. 營(yíng)救人員掛念著被困在礦井里的那些人的安全。 11. purpose n. an intention or plan; the feeling o

44、f having an aim in life目的；意圖；決心；意志 What is your purpose in doing that? 你做那件事的意圖是什么? He walked with a stride full of purpose. 他邁著堅(jiān)定的步伐向前走。 on purpose deliberately; intentionally; not by accident有意地；故意地；并非偶然的 I came here on purpose to see you. 我是專程來這兒看你的。 12. trust 1)n. a strong belief in the

45、 honesty, goodness etc. of someone or something 信任；信賴；相信 You shouldn’t put your trust in a man like that. 你不應(yīng)該信任那樣的人。 A good marriage is based on trust. 美滿的婚姻是建立在互相信任的基礎(chǔ)上的。 2)vt. to believe that someone is honest and will not harm you or cheat you 信任；信賴；相信 I trusted Max, so I lent him the mon

46、ey. 我信得過馬克斯，就把錢借給他了。 13. suffer vt. &vi. 1)fell pain, discomfort, great sorrow, etc. 感到疼痛、不適、悲傷等 Do you suffer from headache? 你經(jīng)常頭痛嗎？ Think how much the parents of the kidnapped boy must have suffered. 那個(gè)男孩給拐走了，想想看他父母得多傷心哪。 2)to experience or undergo something unpleasant遭受；經(jīng)歷 We suffered h

47、uge losses in the financial crisis. 我們?cè)诮鹑谖C(jī)中損失慘重。 In recent games their team has suffered several defeats. 在最近的比賽中，他們的球隊(duì)吃了幾次敗仗。 3)to become worse; lose quality變壞；變差；變?cè)? Your studies will suffer if you play too much football. 你要是總是踢足球，功課就糟了。 Her business suffered when she was ill. 她生病時(shí)，生意受到了影響

48、。 4)to tolerate; stand忍受；容忍；經(jīng)得起 I will not suffer such conduct. 我不能容忍這種行為。 She could not suffer criticism. 她受不了批評(píng)。 suffer for 為……而受苦 He suffered for his carelessness. 他因粗心而吃了虧。 suffer from 患……??；受……之苦 The child suffers from measles. 這小孩得了麻疹。 14. get along (with) to have a friendly relatio

49、nship; to progress 融洽相處；進(jìn)展 I’ve always found him a bit difficult to get along with. 我總是覺得他有點(diǎn)難相處。 How are you getting along with your English studies? 你的英語學(xué)習(xí)情況如何？ get about/around (news)get widespread傳開 get away to succeed in leaving a place逃脫；離開 get back to return to a place; to have sth. ret

50、urned to you回來；恢復(fù)；找回 get down to make sb. feel unhappy使沮喪 get down to sth. /doing sth. to start doing sth. that needs a lot of time or energy開始做正事 get over get well after an illness; to do and finish sth. difficult恢復(fù)；克服 get through to pass a test or exam及格；通過考試 15. communicate vi. to express yo

51、ur thoughts and feelings交流；溝通 Parents sometimes find it difficult to communicate with a teenage child. 父母有時(shí)覺得和十幾歲的孩子交流困難。 Since then, they lost their ability to communicate with an audience. 自那以后他們?cè)僖矡o法引起觀眾的共鳴。 →Step 5 Analyzing some important and difficult sentences 1. While walking the dog, y

52、ou were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. 這里的While walking the dog可以看作是狀語從句While you were walking the dog的省略。整個(gè)句子可譯成“你在遛狗時(shí)，不小心讓狗掙脫被車撞了”。 在狀語從句中，如果從句的主語和主句的主語一致或是it，而且從句謂語中又含有be的形式時(shí)，從句的主語和be的形式可以省略。 When scolded by his father, the boy always keeps silent. 在受到爸爸責(zé)備時(shí)，那個(gè)男孩總是保持沉默。 Help

53、them if possible. 如果可能的話，幫幫他們。 2. Your friend, who doesn’t work hard, asks you to help him or her to cheat in the exam by looking at your paper. 這里的who doesn’t work hard 是非限制性定語從句。by doing sth. 通常在句子中用作狀語，表示方式。整個(gè)句子可譯成“你的朋友不用功。他要在考試中（偷）看你的試卷，（要你）幫他作弊”。 His younger brother, who is my best friend,

54、graduated from Beijing University last year. 他的弟弟是我得最好的朋友，去年畢業(yè)于北京大學(xué)。 The old man makes his living by selling vegetables. 那位老人以賣青菜為生。 3. Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts? 這里的whom you could tell everything to是定語從句，修飾friend，介詞to也可放在關(guān)系代

55、詞whom的前面，即to whom you could tell everything。此處的like相當(dāng)于such as。整個(gè)句子可譯成“你是不是想有一位無話不談能推心置腹的朋友呢？”。 He has learned some foreign languages, like (such as)French and German. 他已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了幾門外語，如法語和德語。 4. I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do, but I want this diary itself to be

56、my friend. 這是一個(gè)由but連接的并列復(fù)合句，第一分句中的as most people do是方式狀語從句。短語set down在這里相當(dāng)于write down。a series of 的意思是“一連串的”“一系列”。 整個(gè)句子可譯成“我不愿像大多數(shù)人那樣在日記中記流水賬，我要把這本日記當(dāng)作我的朋友”。 5. I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long time that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.

57、 這里的it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long time that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是表示原因的狀語從句because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long time。整個(gè)句子可譯成“我不知道這是不是因?yàn)槲议L(zhǎng)久無法出門的緣故，我變得對(duì)一切與大自然有關(guān)的事物都無比狂熱”。 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型It is/was. . . that. . . 可用來強(qiáng)調(diào)句子中除謂語

58、以外的任何句子成分。 I bought this car in that shop last month. (原始句) It was I who/that bought this car in that shop last month. (強(qiáng)調(diào)主語) It was this car that I bought in that shop last month. (強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語) It was in that shop that I bought this car last month. (強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語) It was last month that I bought this car in

59、 that shop. (強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語) 1)It was last year______________ you taught me how to drive. A. when B. that C. where D. which 2)It was______________ he said______________ disappointed me. A. that; what B. what; that C. what; what D. that; that 3)It was in the factory______________ produced TV sets_

60、_____________ our friend was murdered. A. which; which B. that; which C. that; that D. where; that 4)______________ find my wallet, Tom? A. Where did you that B. Where was it you B. Where have you D. Where was it that you 5)It was not until 1920______________ regular radio broadcast began.

61、 A. while B. which C. that D. since 6)______________ was in 1979______________ I graduated from the university. A. That; that B. It; that C. That; when D. It; when 答案：1)B　2)B　3)C　4)D　5)C　6)B 6. . . . I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven one evening in order to have a good look

62、 at the moon for once by myself. 這里的stay是連系動(dòng)詞，后面跟的是表語形容詞awake，構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。in order to have a good look at. . . 作狀語，表示目的。整個(gè)句子可譯成“有一天晚上，我熬到11點(diǎn)半故意不睡覺，為的是獨(dú)自好好看月亮一次”。 in order to后跟動(dòng)詞原形，意思是“為了……起見”“以便……”，引導(dǎo)目的狀語，否定形式為in order not to。 In order to catch the train, she hurried through her work. 為了趕上火車，她急急忙忙地做完

63、了工作。 She set off early this morning in order not to miss the meeting. 為了不錯(cuò)過這次會(huì)議，她今天一大早就動(dòng)身了。 in order to&so as to：二者意思和用法基本相同，都后跟動(dòng)詞原形，引導(dǎo)目的狀語。二者區(qū)別在于in order to既可放在句首，也可放在句末；so as to只能放在句末。 In order to catch the first bus, she got up early this morning. /She got up early this morning in order to ca

64、tch the first bus. /She got up early this morning so as to catch the first bus. 為了趕上第一班公交車，她一大早就起床了。 7. But as the moon gave far too much light, I didn’t dare open a window. 這里的as the moon gave far too much light是原因狀語從句，too much表示過量，意思是“太多”。句子中的dare用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，有人稱和數(shù)以及時(shí)態(tài)等的變化，后面可跟動(dòng)詞不定式，但在否定句中不定式的符號(hào)to可以省

65、略。整個(gè)句子可譯成“但是因?yàn)樵鹿馓亮?，我不敢打開窗戶”。 dare除了用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞外，還可用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，但一般用于否定句或疑問句中，不用于肯定句中。 The little girl dare not go out alone at night. 這個(gè)小姑娘不敢晚上一個(gè)人出去。 How dare you speak to your mother that way? 你怎么敢那樣對(duì)你媽媽講話呢？ too much&much too：too much的用法相當(dāng)于much，只是程度的不同，too修飾much，在句子中起名詞、形容詞或副詞的作用，可以用作賓語、表語、定語，也可以用作狀語；m

66、uch too表示“太……”，用法相當(dāng)于too，也只是程度的不同，much修飾too，在句子中起副詞作用，用作狀語，但后面必須跟形容詞或副詞，一般不能修飾動(dòng)詞。 Climbing mountains is too much for the old. 爬山對(duì)老人來說太重了。 Watching TV too much is harmful for your eyesight. 看電視太多對(duì)眼睛有害。 Too much difficulty made them stronger. 過多的磨難使他們更加強(qiáng)壯。 1)Don’t have the children playing______________ in the sun. It’s______________ hot today. A. very much; so muchB. so much; very much C. too much; much tooD. much too; too much 2)I wonder how he______________ that to the teacher. A. d