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1、人教版英語(yǔ)精品資料（精修版） 第四冊(cè)第二單元第六課時(shí) 語(yǔ)法 Grammar：動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ) 考點(diǎn)一 動(dòng)詞-ing形式的基本用法 動(dòng)詞-ing形式具有名詞性質(zhì)，可在句中擔(dān)任主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)，但不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)。本單元主要學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)詞-ing作主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)的用法。 考點(diǎn)二 動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語(yǔ)的用法 1)動(dòng)詞-ing作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，往往表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，在口語(yǔ)中也可以表示具體的動(dòng)作。如： Painting is his hobby． 繪畫是他的愛好。 2)動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語(yǔ)和不定式作主語(yǔ)一樣，也可以用it作形式主語(yǔ)。但不定式作主語(yǔ)往往

2、表示具體的特別是將來的動(dòng)作。如： It is no use talking without doing．光說不做沒有用。 It’s so hot．What l want to do now is to have a swim in a river． 天這么熱，現(xiàn)在我想做的事就是在河里游泳。 考點(diǎn)三 動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)的用法 1)有些動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)后常用動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)。如admit，appreciate，avoid，stand(忍受)，consider，delay，dislike，enjoy，imagine，escape，excuse，suggest，feel like，

3、finish，forgive，mention，mind，miss，practise，get down to， give up，devote…to，insist on，keep(on)，look forward to，pay attention to，put off，stick to，be accustomed to=be used to(習(xí)慣于)，等等。 2)在allow，advise，forbid，permit后直接跟動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)，如果有名詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ)，則構(gòu)成“allow／advise／forbid／permit+名詞／代詞+不定式(賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))”形式。如： They ad

4、vise solving the problem in this way． 他們建議用這種方法解決這個(gè)問題。 We don’t allow anybody to smoke here． 我們不允許任何人在這兒吸煙。 3)動(dòng)詞need，require，want意為“需要”時(shí)，后跟動(dòng)詞-ing形式的主動(dòng)式或不定式的被動(dòng)式作賓語(yǔ)，意義沒有區(qū)別。如： The window needs／requires／wants cleaning．窗戶需要擦了。 The window needs／requires／wants to be cleaned．窗戶需要擦了。 4)在begin，start，co

5、ntinue，intend后用動(dòng)詞+ing形式和用不定式作賓語(yǔ)均可，意義沒有多大區(qū)別。 5)動(dòng)詞forget，go on，mean，regret，remember，stop，try, be used to，can’t help后跟動(dòng)詞-ing形式和跟不定式區(qū)別較大，須注意。 ①forget，regret，remember后跟動(dòng)詞-ing形式表示“已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作”；跟不定式表示“將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作”。試比較下面幾組例句： I forgot to post the letter．我忘了寄這封信。(信沒有寄出) I forgot posting the letter．我忘了這封信已經(jīng)寄出了。(信

6、已經(jīng)寄出，但我忘記了) I regret to tell you that his father died．我很遺憾地告訴你他的父親死了。 I regret having done such a thing．我后悔做了這樣的事。 ②go on后跟動(dòng)詞-ing形式表示“繼續(xù)做原來做的事”；跟不定式表示“接著做另一件事”。如： Go on reading Lesson Three；繼續(xù)讀第三課。(剛才讀的就是第三課) Go on to read Lesson Three．接著讀第三課。(剛才也許讀的是第二課或者在干別的事) ③mean后跟動(dòng)詞-ing形式表示“意味著要做某事”；跟不定式

7、表示“想要做某事”。如： Accepting the job means living abroad． 接受這個(gè)工作就意味著在國(guó)外居住。 I didn’t mean to start an argument． 我并不想展開辯論。 ④stop后跟動(dòng)詞-ing形式表示“停止做某事”；跟不定式表示“停下來(別的事)開始做某事”。如： We stopped talking．我們停止了說話。 We stopped to talk．我們停下來開始說話。 ⑤try后跟動(dòng)詞-ing形式表示“試著做某事”；跟不定式表示“努力做某事”。can’t help后跟動(dòng)詞-ing形式表示“禁不住做某事”；

8、跟不定式表示“不能幫助做某事”。be used to后跟動(dòng)詞-ing形式表示“習(xí)慣于做某事”；跟不定式表示“被用來做某事”。 如： He tried climbing the tall tree． 他試著爬那棵大樹。 He tried to climb the tall tree． 他努力要爬上那棵大樹。 After hearing the story，we couldn’t help laughing． 聽完這個(gè)故事，我們?nèi)滩蛔〈笮ζ饋怼? I'm sorry that I cannot help you to finish the task． 很抱歉，我不能幫你完成這個(gè)任務(wù)

9、。 He has been used to getting up early． 他已經(jīng)習(xí)慣早起。 Wood is used to make paper． 木材被用來造紙。 考點(diǎn)四 動(dòng)詞-ing形式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) 動(dòng)詞-ing形式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)有四種形式： 形容詞性物主代詞+動(dòng)詞-ing；名詞’S+動(dòng)詞-ing；代詞賓格+動(dòng)詞-ing；名詞+動(dòng)詞-ing。如： His／Jack’s not getting to the state．n on time made all of us worried． 他／杰克沒準(zhǔn)時(shí)到火車站使得我們都很擔(dān)心。 Do you mind my／me／Jack

10、’s／Jack leaving now? 你介意我／杰克現(xiàn)在離開嗎? 考點(diǎn)五 動(dòng)詞-ing形式的時(shí)態(tài)形式 在時(shí)態(tài)上，動(dòng)詞-ing有一般式(doing)和完成式(having done)兩種形式。當(dāng)動(dòng)詞-ing表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間不明確，或與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，或發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之后時(shí)，用動(dòng)詞-ing的一般式；當(dāng)動(dòng)詞-ing表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前時(shí)，常用動(dòng)詞-ing的完成式。如： I enjoy playing football．我喜歡踢足球。 (playing表示的時(shí)間概念不明確) He’s been used to going to bed late．他已經(jīng)習(xí)慣晚睡。 (go

11、ing to bed與has been used to同時(shí)發(fā)生) 1’m looking forward to seeing you soon． 我希望不久之后能看見你。 (seeing發(fā)生在am looking forward to之后) 1’m sorry for not having kept my promise． 我對(duì)我沒信守諾言而感到抱歉。 (not having kept my promise發(fā)生在am sorry之前) 考點(diǎn)六 動(dòng)詞-ing形式的語(yǔ)態(tài)形式 在語(yǔ)態(tài)上，動(dòng)詞-ing有主動(dòng)式(doing，having done)和被動(dòng)式(being done，havi

12、ng been done)兩種形式。如： He insisted on sending her to hospital． 他堅(jiān)持要把她送到醫(yī)院去。 He insisted on being sent to work in the countryside． 他堅(jiān)持要被派到鄉(xiāng)下工作。 活學(xué)活用 1.Lydia doesn’t feel like abroad．Her parents are old． A．study B．studying C．studied D．to study 2.—Doing it like this means t

13、ime． —didn’t mean it． A．wasting; to do B．to waste; doing C．waste; do D．wasting; doing 3.Can you imagine him smoking? A．give up B．giving up C．gave up D．to give up 4.She looks forward every spring to the garden，where flowers line almost every lane

14、． A．walk in B．walking C．pay a visit to D．visiting 5.My boss decided to put off—————————the meeting． A．hold B．held C．to hold D．holding 6.—where is my passport? I remember it here． —You shouldn’t have left it here．Remember it with you all the time． A．to put；to take B

15、．putting；taking C．putting；to take D．to put：taking 7.His room needs ，so he must have it ． A．painting；painted B．painted；painting C．painting；painting D．painted；painted 8. After finishing his homework he went on a letterto his parents． A．write B．writing C．wrot

16、e D．to write 9.The young trees we planted last week need with great care. A．look after B．to look after C．to be looked after D．taken good care of 10.Only English doesn’t mean the language． A．to learn；to learn B．1earning；learning C．1earning about；learn D．

17、1earning about；learning 用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 11.The bird was lucky and it just missed (catch). 12.I always prefer (start)early rather than (1eave) everything to the last minute． 13. (walk)is a good form of exercise for both men and women. 14.While shoppi

18、ng women sometimes can’t help (persuade)into buying more clothes than necessary． 15.—What made Jane so upset? — (lose)the ring her husband bought her for her birthday． 16.Once your business becomes international (fly) constantly will be a part of your l

19、ife. 17.Do you think it of any use (argue)with him any more? We are wasting our time (try) to persuade him to give up the idea． 18. (find)a job in such a big company bas always been beyond his wildest dream． 19.—Maybe you’ve forgotten (post) my letter。 —How could I?I remember the letter into the letter box． 20.All the boys, are looking forward (go) forward (feel) the animal．