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1、 [小題夯基練] Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．They ____________ (arrive) at suppertime but their flight was delayed. 解析：should have arrived　[should have done sth.意為“(過(guò)去)本應(yīng)該做某事而未做”，分析句意可得出答案。] 2．Maybe if I ____________ (study) science，and not literature then，I would be able to give you more help. 解析：had studied　[根據(jù)the

2、n一詞可確定此處表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，故if引導(dǎo)的從句部分用had done形式。] 3．Teachers recommend parents ____________ (not allow) their children to watch too much TV. 解析：(should) not allow　[recommend，suggest，advise，order，request，insist等表示“建議、命令、要求”等意思的動(dòng)詞，后接賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”，should可省略，此處表示老師建議家長(zhǎng)不允許孩子看太多電視。] 4．He alway

3、s acts as if he ____________(know) everything. 解析：knew　[在as if引導(dǎo)的方式狀語(yǔ)從句中，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反。] 5．If we had taken such effective measures much earlier，the river ____________ (not pollute) so seriously now. 解析：would not be polluted　[從句表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，由now可知，主句表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，故主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“would＋動(dòng)詞原形”，且river與pollute構(gòu)成被動(dòng)

4、關(guān)系。] 6．—What will you do during the summer holiday? —I don't know，but it's high time that I ____________ (decide) something. 解析：decided/should decide　[在It's (high) time that...中，that從句應(yīng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，從句謂語(yǔ)用should do或過(guò)去式。] 7．—Where have you been? —I ____________ (stick) in the heavy traffic.Otherwise I _

5、___________ (come) here earlier. 解析：was/got stuck；would have come　[第一空表示過(guò)去的一個(gè)客觀事實(shí)，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；第二空表示與過(guò)去相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣主句用would have done結(jié)構(gòu)。] 8．—Would you mind if I set out earlier tomorrow morning? —Well，I would rather you ____________ (not do)． 解析：didn't　[would rather后的賓語(yǔ)從句需用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示與現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)事實(shí)相反，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去式。] 9

6、．I ____________ (not decide) to give a try，but for the teacher who kept insisting on my “going for it”． 解析：wouldn't have decided　[but for后的真實(shí)句表示過(guò)去的情況，故空格處的虛擬主句用would have done結(jié)構(gòu)。] 10．Had I known about this computer program，a huge amount of time and energy ____________ (save) then. 解析：would/could/

7、might have been saved　[if虛擬條件句的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)和主句均是對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬，且主語(yǔ)time and energy 和動(dòng)詞save構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系。] Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)(每句一錯(cuò)) 1．You can be Tom.You haven't changed a bit after all these years.____________ 解析：can→must　[根據(jù)后文的You haven't changed a bit...可知說(shuō)話者完全認(rèn)出了Tom，猜測(cè)的語(yǔ)氣很肯定，因此用must。] 2．Do I need leave my telephone number and

8、address？____________ 解析：need后加to　[判斷need在一般疑問(wèn)句中作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞還是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞要看是否把need提前，若提前，則need為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，若不提前，則為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。本題為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，則need要后接to do不定式。] 3．Have I been informed earlier，I could have done something.____________ 解析：第一個(gè)Have→Had　[表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句中有had時(shí)要把had提至主語(yǔ)前，變?yōu)榈寡b句式，沒(méi)有把have提前這種用法。] 4．Just as I am busy，shall you

9、 come bothering me with some questions now？____________ 解析：shall→must　[must意為“偏偏……”，常指令人不快的事情，表示說(shuō)話人的生氣或困擾。shall無(wú)此用法。] 5．Would you be fired，your health care and other benefits would not be immediately cut off.____________ 解析：第一個(gè)Would→Should　[虛擬條件句中表示與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反時(shí)，條件從句用should do，were to do或過(guò)去式形式。沒(méi)有would

10、 do用法。] 6．When you phoned me，I was having a meeting；how I wish I answered your call.____________ 解析：answered前加had　[句意：當(dāng)你給我打電話的時(shí)候，我正在開(kāi)會(huì)。我多么希望我(之前)接了你的電話。wish后的從句中用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，根據(jù)句意可知是對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用had done形式。] 7．I was ill that day，or I will have taken part in the sports meet.____________ 解析：will改為would

11、/should/could/might　[由句中or可知此處為含蓄條件句，表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)。] 8．(2020·南昌十校一模)As a result，I suggest we are given less homework and more time for out-of-classroom activities.____________ 解析：are→be　[suggest 在此處表示“建議”，因此后跟的賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即從句謂語(yǔ)用“should＋do”形式，且should可以省略，故此處應(yīng)把a(bǔ)re改為be。] 9．(2019·鄭州第二次預(yù)測(cè))He became very

12、 angry，but I dared not to tell him about the game.____________ 解析：刪除to　[dare既可以作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞又可以作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。dare的過(guò)去式為dared，此處其前沒(méi)有用助動(dòng)詞，說(shuō)明dare在此用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，故后跟動(dòng)詞原形。] 10．People neglect the fact that our parents are the dearest persons in the world，so we should nice to our parents.____________ 解析：should后加be　[情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后用動(dòng)詞原形，

13、而nice為形容詞，因此其前缺少be動(dòng)詞，故在should后加be。] [大題提能練] Ⅰ.語(yǔ)法填空——情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語(yǔ)氣專(zhuān)練 　Lucy is an outgoing lady.She ____1____ play many kinds of musical instruments.Actually，she ____2____ play the piano when she was 8 years old.Lucy also keeps taking exercise every day.She says that she has to do some sports because s

14、he ____3____ keep slim.“You ____4____ get fat soon if you don't take exercise every day.”She usually says to her friends. As for her，an elegant lady should try to keep fit.However，last week，she found that she ____5____ put on weight and her husband suggested that she ____6____ lose weight.And these

15、 days she'd rather that she ____7____ (take) more exercise every day.However，she is always lacking in time because she has to take care of her children. One night after supper，she walked quickly in order to go dancing at the Tomorrow Park and she was late.On her way，she thought that the dancing mus

16、t ____8____ (begin)，and the coach ____9____ have taught or shown many new moves.She was afraid tha her friends might ____10____ (leave)before she got there.She was regretful then. 答案：1.can　2.could　3.must　4.shall　5.might　6.should　7.took　8.have begun　9.could　10.have left Ⅱ.短文改錯(cuò) Charlie liked sports

17、 very much and he was good for table tennis.And he almost won all the table tennis match in his school.At the second term，a new student Billy，comes to study in Charlie's school.Soon there would have a match between Charlie and Billy.Billy worked hardly to get ready for the match，but Charlie didn't think many of it.When the match began，Billy didn't look like good player.There was always a smile on his face，while Charlie was looked nervous because he just wanted to win.Charlie thought this was more important to win the match than anything，and he didn't win at last. 答案：