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1、Module 5 Unit 1Getting along with others1、pretend vt. 假裝，假扮假裝，假扮There is no need for him to pretend to be poor. 他根本沒有必要這樣藏富裝窮。 pretend to do sth. 裝作，假裝做某事pretend sth. 假裝；裝成pretend to be doing sth. 假裝正在做某事pretend to have done sth. 假裝已經(jīng)做了某事pretend that 從句 假裝，裝作當我進去的時候，女兒裝作正在做作業(yè)。 When I came in, my gir

2、l pretended _ (do) her homework.to be doing你有意裝傻。 You pretend _ (be) foolish.to be不要不懂裝懂。 Dont pretend _ (know) when you dont.to know測試結(jié)束了，他就假裝已經(jīng)痊愈了。 When the quiz was finished, he pretended _ (recover)to have recovered2、doubt n. & v. 懷疑懷疑vt. 懷疑，不相信；對無把握doubt接賓語從句，在否定句和疑問句中，doubt后面需接that引導的賓語從句；如用于肯

3、定句中，doubt后面一般接whether或if引導的賓語從句。在肯定句中，doubt后面也可以接that引導的賓語從句，但表示疑慮較大或不相信。We dont doubt that he can deal with the accident. 我們相信他能處理這個事故。I doubt whether Tom has taken my watch. 我拿不準是否湯姆拿了我的手表。I doubt that he has stolen my watch. 我不太相信他偷了我的手表。n. 疑惑，疑問，不確信。常與about/of/as to/on等介詞連用；也可接同位語從句。Ive no doubt

4、 of your ability. 我肯定你有能力。People have no doubt about it. 對此人們堅信不疑。接同位語從句時，doubt用在否定句中，后面接that 引導的同位語從句；doubt用在肯定句中，后面接whether 引導的同位語從句，注意不可以用if替換whether。There is no doubt that he can do a good job of it.毫無疑問，這件工作他會干得很出色。There is some doubt whether she can win the match.她能否贏得這場比賽還有些疑問。 There is no /

5、some doubt about關(guān)于是毫無疑問的/尚存有疑問There is no doubt that 毫無疑問no doubt肯定的，毫無疑問的without/beyond doubt無疑；當然in doubt懷疑，不肯定make no doubt of對毫不懷疑clear up all doubts 消除一切疑慮have doubt about 對有疑問 Do you think that Mary will win the speech contest this weekend? _. She is said to have won several big prizes already

6、. A. No doubt B. No way C. No wonder D. No surpriseA后句說明了她的實力，這里應(yīng)該是說“毫無疑問”。no way 意為“不可能”； no wonder為“難怪”； no surprise 意為“并不奇怪”或“意料之中的事”。 I had _ whether or not I should attend the meeting. A. expected B. supposed C. imagined D. doubtedD句意：此前我懷疑我是否應(yīng)該參加這個會議。根據(jù)后面賓語從句的連接詞whether及句子意義，用doubt表示“懷疑”。 3、ad

7、mit v. 準許進入；錄取，接受；承認；容納準許進入；錄取，接受；承認；容納admitto/into 允許進入be admitted to/into 被錄取，被接受admit (doing) sth. / that承認The hall admits 2,000 persons. 這個大廳可容納2000人。David was admitted into the club in 2005. 大衛(wèi)在2005年被俱樂部接納。The child admitted that he had broken the glass. 小孩承認他打碎了玻璃杯。One of our teammates has bee

8、n admitted to hospital for a bad backache. 我們隊的一個隊友因為腰很疼住了院。 Did Jack _ taking some books without telling anyone? Yes. He said he had taken 4 books. A. imagine B. admit C. attempt D. allowBadmit doing sth. 承認做了某事。4、focus n. & v. 焦點，焦距；集中，聚集，使集中焦點，焦距；集中，聚集，使集中Bring the object into focus if you want a

9、 sharp photograph. 要照出清晰的照片，就要把焦點對準物體。He always wants to be the focus of attention. 他總想成為注意力的焦點。 focus () on 將(注意力，時間等)集中于You should focus your attention on your work. 你應(yīng)該把注意力放到工作上。All our efforts are focused on bringing everything in the floodstriken areas back to normal. 目前我們的工作重點是使遭受洪災的地區(qū)一切恢復正常。另

10、外，center () on， concentrate () on， keep / fix ones concentration on與focus () on的詞義基本一致。 With all their attention _ on the program on TV, no one could even notice that someone was crawling into the house. A. to focus B. focusing C. focused D. to be focusedC句型withO.O.C.中，attention與focus之間為被動關(guān)系，且根據(jù)時態(tài)可知

11、，事情已經(jīng)發(fā)生，所以不選D。George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but Id rather he _ more on its culture.A. focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focusedBwould rather 后接從句表示對現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼奶摂M時，應(yīng)用一般過去時。 5、blame vt. 責備責備 n(壞事或者錯誤的壞事或者錯誤的)責任，指責責任，指責blame sb. for sth. 因為而責備某人blame sth. on sb. 把歸咎于bear/t

12、ake the blame 承擔責任be to blame 該受責備5、blame vt. 責備責備 n(壞事或者錯誤的壞事或者錯誤的)責任，指責責任，指責I dont blame you for doing that. 你那么做，我不怪你。Do you blame the accident on him? 你把事故歸咎于他嗎？Who is to blame for the accident?事故是誰的責任？那次交通事故不應(yīng)該責怪司機。The driver _. was not to blame for the traffic accident 他們怪罪秘書造成計劃延誤。They blamed

13、 the secretary _ the delay of the plan. for 他把失敗歸咎于他的老師。He blamed the failure _ his teacher. on 6、argue v. 爭辯，爭論，爭吵爭辯，爭論，爭吵 They were arguing about how to spend the money. 他們正爭論怎樣花錢。She argued him out of his decision. 他說服他改變了決定。 argue for (sb. /sth.)為(某人/某事)而辯護 argue against (sb. /sth.) 反對(某人/某事)而辯護

14、argue with sb. (about/over sth.)與某人(為某事)而爭吵 argue that 主張argue sb. into/out of doing sth. 通過爭論使某人做/不做某事 argument n. 爭論；爭辯；爭吵；論點；論據(jù)have an argument about/over sth. 辯論某事settle an argument 解決爭端 beyond argument 無可爭辯We are always arguing _ each other _ money. They argued me _ buying a new bike. He argued

15、 _ smoking, and insisted that it was _ argument that smoking was harmful to health. with; about/overintoagainst; beyond1、rather than并列連接詞，表示“而不是”，連接句子中相同的句子成分。連接兩個名詞(作主、表或賓語)I appreciate pop music rather than hiphop. 我欣賞流行樂而不喜歡說唱樂。連接兩個動詞不定式，rather than后的to常?？梢允÷訧 prefer to play football rather than

16、stay at home reading. 我愿意踢球而不喜歡待在家里看書。連接兩個動名詞作賓語I enjoy surfing the Internet in my spare time rather than go hiking.閑暇之余，我喜歡上網(wǎng)，而不喜歡遠足。連接兩個介詞短語We are doing this for our brotherly school rather than for ourselves. 我們做的這一切是為了兄弟校而不是為了我們自己。連接兩個謂語時，rather than 后一般接doingWhy didnt you ask for help, rather t

17、han trying to do it on your own? 你干嗎非得要自己干，而不請人幫忙呢？ 注意：rather than 連接兩個主語時，謂語動詞應(yīng)該按“承前一致原則”，即和第一個主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。He rather than I, I think, is to blame. 我認為是他而不是我該受到責備。rather than表示對后者的否定，有“而不是”的語義。other than 表示對后者的排除，有“除了”的語義，相當于except。more than 表示超出了這一概念范疇，有“不止是” Most people would agree that nuclear s

18、cience should be developed to benefit the human beings_ harm them. A. rather than B. other than C. less than D. more than A語義是：大部分人贊成核科學的開發(fā)應(yīng)當造福于人類而不是危害他們。rather than表示否定；other than表示排除；less than 表示少于；more than 表示超過，所以答案是A。 2、thanks to Thanks to the English language，we can learn a lot from other coun

19、tries. 多虧了英語這門語言，我們可以從其他國家學習許多。 It was thanks to your timely help that we accomplished the task on time. 由于你的及時幫助，我們才能按時完成任務(wù)。_ the new policy, we are now having a happy life. A. Thanks to B. Because C. For D. Thanks forA考查近義詞的辨析。此處，thanks to應(yīng)為“多虧了”， because后應(yīng)加句子； for 表示補充說明的原因，后接分句，一般不在句首。_ your hel

20、p.We all passed the exam. A. Thanks for B. Thanks toA由于有句號，說明它們彼此獨立，互不 為 因 果 關(guān) 系 ， 所 以 答 案 是 A ， 表 示“因而感謝”。 _ your help, we all passed the exam. A. Thanks for B. Thanks toB因為/由于你的幫助，我們才通過考試。里面有因果關(guān)系。thanks to your help為原因狀語短語，所以后面用逗號。3、end up 以某種結(jié)果結(jié)束；最后成為；最終處于以某種結(jié)果結(jié)束；最后成為；最終處于We were to go out, but e

21、nded up watching TV at home. 我們原來打算外出，但是結(jié)果卻是待在家看電視。He ended up as the head of the company. 他最后成為這家公司的老板。Their marriage ended up in divorce. 他們的婚姻以離婚而告終。end up with以某種方式結(jié)束begin/start with以開始The party ended up with a beautiful song. 晚會以動聽的歌曲結(jié)束了。1、Football is very important to me，but so is our friendsh

22、ip.足球很重要，但是我們的友誼也很重要。足球很重要，但是我們的友誼也很重要。表示前句內(nèi)容也適用于另外的人或事?？隙ㄓ镁湫停骸皊o助動詞或情態(tài)動詞主語”來表示，前后兩句的時態(tài)應(yīng)該一致。否定用句型：“neither/nor助動詞或情態(tài)動詞主語”來表示，前后兩句的時態(tài)應(yīng)該一致。Tom is good at maths, and so am I. 湯姆擅長數(shù)學，我也一樣。如果只是對前面的話表示證實，則不用倒裝。注意對比：“So主語 助動詞”，前后主語一致，表示對前面提到的事情予以肯定?？梢苑g為“的確如此”。Tom says you work hard, so you do, and so does

23、 he. 湯姆說你工作努力，你的確如此，他也是一樣。B表示前句內(nèi)容也適用于另外的人或事。表示否定用句型：“neither/nor助動詞或情態(tài)動詞主語”來表示，前后兩句的時態(tài)應(yīng)該一致。故選擇答案B。 Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother? I dont know, _. A. nor dont I care B. nor do I care CI dont care neither DI dont care also2、I told my brother about the quarrel, but he said Matthew is just

24、 too sensitive and perhaps a little bitter because I am really athletic and good at football, and that I had better find another friend.我把吵架的事情告訴了哥哥，但是他說馬修只是太我把吵架的事情告訴了哥哥，但是他說馬修只是太敏感，可能還有點嫉妒，因為我身體強壯，足球踢敏感，可能還有點嫉妒，因為我身體強壯，足球踢得好，他說我最好還是另外找一個朋友。得好，他說我最好還是另外找一個朋友。句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：本句為but連接的并列復合句。he said后面為兩個并列的賓語從

25、句，第一個賓語從句的引導詞that省略，其中還含有because引導的原因狀語從句，第二個賓語從句是that I had better find another friend.注意事項：注意事項：句子的謂語動詞后接兩個及其以上的賓語從句，除第一個外，其他賓語從句的引導詞不能夠省略。B考查并列的賓語從句that的省略規(guī)則。Having checked后第一個that可以省略外，其他賓語從句的引導詞that不能夠省略，因此可得正確答案為B。Having checked the doors were closed, and _ all the lights were off, the boy ope

26、ned the door to his bedroom. A. why B. that C. when D. where3、boys share activities, while girls share feelings.男孩子共享活動，而女孩子分享情感。男孩子共享活動，而女孩子分享情感。while conj. 然而，表示意義的對比。Once people thought that heavy objects fell faster while light objects fell slower. 以前人們認為重的物體下落得快而輕的下落得慢。while還可以引導時間狀語從句，表示“當時”，從

27、句的謂語一般為持續(xù)性動詞；引導讓步狀語從句，表示“盡管”、“雖然”。另外，在短語after a while, in a while, for a while中，while是名詞，表示“一會兒”。C這是時間狀語從句，但因為從句用的是瞬間動詞，when從句的動詞既可為瞬間動詞，也可為持續(xù)性動詞。The opening ceremony was over _ we arrived at the spot. A. while B. as C. when D. sinceB表示意義的對比。It is commonly believed that boys are good at maths _ girls enjoy literature. A. when B. while C. as D. howeverC引導讓步狀語從句。_ my father doesnt like watching football games, he accompanied me to the gym last weekend. A. When B. Since C. While D. As