《云南師范大學(xué)五華區(qū)實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)八年級英語下冊 Unit 12復(fù)習(xí)課件 （新版）人教新目標(biāo)版》由會員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《云南師范大學(xué)五華區(qū)實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)八年級英語下冊 Unit 12復(fù)習(xí)課件 （新版）人教新目標(biāo)版（86頁珍藏版）》請?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、八年級下冊八年級下冊Units 1-2. 單詞單詞分類記憶分類記憶【核心速記【核心速記】不可不記不可不記1. _(n. ) 胃胃; 腹部腹部2. _(v. &n. ) 放松放松; 休息休息3. _(n. ) 間歇間歇; 休息休息4. _(v. ) (使使)疼痛疼痛; 受傷受傷5. _(n. ) 乘客乘客; 旅客旅客6. _(n. ) 問題問題; 苦惱苦惱stomachrestbreakhurtpassengertrouble7. _(v. ) (用手或器具用手或器具)擊擊; 打打8. _(n. ) 情況情況; 狀況狀況9. _(v. ) 義務(wù)做義務(wù)做; 自愿做自愿做 (n. ) 志愿者志愿者1

2、0. _(n. ) 通知通知; 通告通告; 注意注意 (v. ) 注意到注意到; 意識到意識到11. _(adj. ) 孤獨(dú)的孤獨(dú)的; 寂寞的寂寞的12. _(pron. ) 幾個(gè)幾個(gè); 數(shù)個(gè)數(shù)個(gè); 一些一些hitsituationvolunteernoticelonelyseveral13. _(v. ) 募集募集; 征集征集14. _(adj. ) 瞎的瞎的; 失明的失明的15. _(v. &n. ) 變化變化; 改變改變16. _(n. ) 興趣興趣; 關(guān)注關(guān)注 (v. ) 使感興趣使感興趣; 使關(guān)注使關(guān)注raiseblindchangeinterest【聯(lián)想串記【聯(lián)想串記】不可不知不可

3、不知1. foot (n. ) _(復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù))腳腳; 足足2. climb (v. ) _(n. )登山者登山者; 攀登者攀登者3. knife (n. ) _(復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù))刀刀4. important(adj. ) _(n. )重要性重要性; 重要重要5. decide(v. ) _(n. )決定決定; 抉擇抉擇6. die(v. ) _(adj. )無生命的無生命的 _(n. )死死; 死亡死亡7. feel(v. ) _(n. )感覺感覺; 感觸感觸8. satisfy(v. ) _(n. )滿足滿足; 滿意滿意feetclimberknivesimportancedecisiondead

4、deathfeelingsatisfaction9. own(v. ) _(n. )物主物主; 主人主人10. break(v. ) _(adj. )破損的破損的; 殘缺的殘缺的11. able(adj. ) _(adj. )喪失能力的喪失能力的; 有殘疾的有殘疾的 _(adj. )沒有所需技能沒有所需技能; 無能無能; 無法無法12. difficult(adj. ) _(n. )困難困難; 難題難題13. train(v. ) _(adj. )訓(xùn)練過的訓(xùn)練過的, 受過培訓(xùn)的受過培訓(xùn)的 _(n. )訓(xùn)練訓(xùn)練; 培訓(xùn)培訓(xùn)14. excite(v. ) _(adj. )興奮的興奮的; 激動的激動

5、的 _(adj. )令人興奮的令人興奮的; 令人激動的令人激動的15. kind(adj. ) _(n. )仁慈仁慈; 善良善良o(jì)wnerbrokendisabledunabledifficultytrainedtrainingexcitedexcitingkindness. 短語短語雙語互譯雙語互譯1. 感冒感冒 have a _2. 胃痛胃痛 have a _3. 躺下躺下 lie _4. 發(fā)燒發(fā)燒 have a _5. 下車下車 get _6. 放棄放棄 give _7. 推遲推遲 put _8. 照顧照顧; 非常喜歡非常喜歡 care _coldstomachachedownfever

6、offupofffor9. 贈送贈送; 捐贈捐贈 give _10. 修理修理; 裝飾裝飾 fix _11. 建立建立; 設(shè)立設(shè)立 _ up12. make a difference _13. take ones temperature _14. take breaks _15. to ones surprise _16. right away _17. get into _awayupset影響影響; 有作用有作用量體溫量體溫休息休息使使驚訝的驚訝的立即立即; 馬上馬上陷入陷入; 參與參與18. be used to _19. get out of _20. be in control of

7、 _21. give out _22. come up with _習(xí)慣于習(xí)慣于離開離開; ; 從從出來出來掌管掌管; 管理管理分發(fā)分發(fā); 散發(fā)散發(fā)想出想出; 提出提出. 句型句型超級填寫超級填寫1. 朱迪怎么了朱迪怎么了? _ with Judy? 2. 我應(yīng)該量一下體溫嗎我應(yīng)該量一下體溫嗎? _ I _ my temperature? 3. 多虧了王先生和這些乘客多虧了王先生和這些乘客, 醫(yī)生才及時(shí)挽救了這個(gè)醫(yī)生才及時(shí)挽救了這個(gè)(老老)人。人。_ Mr. Wang and the passengers, the doctors saved the man in time. Whats th

8、e matterShouldtakeThanks to4. 我想幫助無家可歸的人。我想幫助無家可歸的人。_ homeless people. 5. 你認(rèn)為狗還能夠以其他哪些方式幫助人你認(rèn)為狗還能夠以其他哪些方式幫助人? In what other ways _ dogs are able to help people? Id like to helpdo you think【核心詞匯【核心詞匯】1. trouble n. 問題問題; 苦惱苦惱【填一填【填一填 思維激活思維激活】不要嘲笑處于困境中的人。不要嘲笑處于困境中的人。Dont laugh at the people_ _. We hav

9、e some trouble _(work) out the problem. 答案答案: in troubleworking 【記一記【記一記 知識構(gòu)建知識構(gòu)建】trouble的用法的用法【歸納拓展【歸納拓展】trouble作動詞作動詞, 意為意為“打擾打擾; 使煩惱使煩惱”, 常用搭配為常用搭配為: trouble sb. to do sth. 麻煩某人做某事麻煩某人做某事 be sorry to trouble sb. 很抱歉打擾某人很抱歉打擾某人【一言辨異【一言辨異】Dont trouble trouble till trouble troubles you. 麻煩沒找你麻煩沒找你,

10、你別找麻煩。你別找麻煩?！揪氁痪殹揪氁痪?走近中考走近中考】(2014福州中考福州中考)Jack, I have _working out the math problem. Dont worry. Let me help you. A. fun B. trouble C. experience2. give up放棄放棄【填一填【填一填 思維激活思維激活】整天玩電腦游戲?qū)δ愕慕】涤泻?。你?yīng)該放棄它。整天玩電腦游戲?qū)δ愕慕】涤泻?。你?yīng)該放棄它。Playing computer games all day is bad for your health. You should_ _ _. 你應(yīng)該戒

11、煙。你應(yīng)該戒煙。You should_ _ _. 答案答案: give it upgive up smoking 【記一記【記一記 知識構(gòu)建知識構(gòu)建】give up的用法的用法(1)give up是動副短語是動副短語, 后接代詞作賓語時(shí)后接代詞作賓語時(shí), 必須放在兩詞中間。必須放在兩詞中間。(2)give up后接動詞時(shí)需用動詞的后接動詞時(shí)需用動詞的-ing形式形式, 相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于stop doing sth. 。 【歸納拓展【歸納拓展】give的相關(guān)短語的相關(guān)短語【練一練【練一練 走近中考走近中考】(2014襄陽中考襄陽中考)He failed to break the world reco

12、rd for long jump many times, but he never _his hope. A. took off B. put away C. gave up D. turned down 【教師備選【教師備選】(2013濱州中考濱州中考)Diaoyu Island belongs to China. Surely it does! We Chinese will never _it up. A. cut B. fix C. give D. set【解析【解析】選選C?？疾閯釉~短語搭配?？疾閯釉~短語搭配。cut up“切碎切碎”; fix up“修修理理”; give up“放

13、棄放棄”; set up“建立建立”。句意。句意: 釣魚島屬于釣魚島屬于中國。中國。當(dāng)然是當(dāng)然是! 我們中國人絕不會放棄它。所以選擇答案我們中國人絕不會放棄它。所以選擇答案C。3. cheer up(使使)變得更高興變得更高興; 振奮起來振奮起來【填一填【填一填 思維激活思維激活】振作起來吧振作起來吧! 你的困難不久就會過去的。你的困難不久就會過去的。_ _! Your trouble will soon be over. 橙色能帶給我們成功橙色能帶給我們成功, 使我們振作。使我們振作。Orange can bring us success and _us_. 答案答案: Cheer upch

14、eer; up 【記一記【記一記 知識構(gòu)建知識構(gòu)建】cheer up的用法的用法(1)cheer up也可以單獨(dú)使用也可以單獨(dú)使用, 表示表示“變得高興變得高興, 振奮起來振奮起來”。(2)cheer sb. up意為意為“使某人高興起來使某人高興起來”, 相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于make sb. happy。如果賓語是名詞或詞組。如果賓語是名詞或詞組, 可放在可放在cheer up的中間或后面的中間或后面, 若是代詞作賓語若是代詞作賓語, 則只能放在則只能放在cheer up的中間。的中間?！練w納拓展【歸納拓展】有關(guān)有關(guān)up的短語的短語【練一練【練一練 走近中考走近中考】(2014安徽中考安徽中考)We

15、 failed in the singing competition. _. Better times are waiting for you. A. No way B. Best wishesC. Cheer up D. Good job4. lonely adj. 孤獨(dú)的孤獨(dú)的; 寂寞的寂寞的【填一填【填一填 思維激活思維激活】He doesnt want to go there alone. (改為同義句改為同義句)He doesnt want to go there_ _. 你無法想象他在外面可能會多么孤獨(dú)和無助。你無法想象他在外面可能會多么孤獨(dú)和無助。You cannot imagi

16、ne how_ and helpless he can be on the outside. 答案答案: by himselflonely 【辨一辨【辨一辨 考點(diǎn)突破考點(diǎn)突破】alone與與lonely的用法辨析的用法辨析aloneadj. “獨(dú)自的獨(dú)自的; 單獨(dú)的單獨(dú)的”, 表示無人陪伴表示無人陪伴, 只陳述一只陳述一個(gè)客觀事實(shí)個(gè)客觀事實(shí), 不帶感情色彩不帶感情色彩, 在句中作表語在句中作表語adv. “獨(dú)自地獨(dú)自地; 單獨(dú)地單獨(dú)地”, 用在實(shí)義動詞后用在實(shí)義動詞后, 相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于by oneself, 常在句中作方式狀語常在句中作方式狀語lonelyadj. “孤獨(dú)的孤獨(dú)的”, 主觀上感到

17、主觀上感到“孤獨(dú)的孤獨(dú)的”, 感情色彩感情色彩濃厚濃厚, 強(qiáng)調(diào)心靈上的孤獨(dú)與寂寞強(qiáng)調(diào)心靈上的孤獨(dú)與寂寞, 常在句中作常在句中作表語表語“荒涼的荒涼的; 偏僻的偏僻的; 人跡罕至的人跡罕至的”, 修飾表示地修飾表示地點(diǎn)的名詞點(diǎn)的名詞, 只能作定語只能作定語【一言辨異【一言辨異】I was travelling alone in the lonely mountain. I didnt feel lonely though I was alone. 我獨(dú)自在荒涼的山里旅行。雖孤身一人我獨(dú)自在荒涼的山里旅行。雖孤身一人, 但我并不感到寂寞。但我并不感到寂寞。【練一練【練一練 走近中考走近中考】(安順

18、中考安順中考)His grandparents live _in a small house, but they dont feel_. A. lonely; alone B. alone; lonelyC. lonely; lonely D. alone; alone【教師備選【教師備選】(2013上海中考上海中考)My old neighbour Charles felt _after his children moved out. A. lonely B. safely C. angrily D. happily【解析【解析】選選A?？疾樵~匯辨析。由?？疾樵~匯辨析。由“他的孩子搬出去之后

19、他的孩子搬出去之后”可可知知“我的老鄰居查爾斯感到寂寞我的老鄰居查爾斯感到寂寞”。lonely“孤獨(dú)的孤獨(dú)的; 寂寞的寂寞的”。 5. raise v. 募集募集; 征集征集【填一填【填一填 思維激活思維激活】選詞填空選詞填空(raise, rise)。Look! Change-_into the sky. She _her both hands in order to answer the question as the first one. 答案答案: is risingraised【辨一辨【辨一辨 考點(diǎn)突破考點(diǎn)突破】rise與與raise的不同的不同rise不及物動詞不及物動詞上升上升,

20、 上漲上漲, 提高提高不規(guī)則動詞不規(guī)則動詞, 過去式過去式rose, 過去分詞為過去分詞為risenraise及物動詞及物動詞使升高使升高, 提提高高; 飼養(yǎng)飼養(yǎng)規(guī)則動詞規(guī)則動詞, 過去式和過過去式和過去分詞均為去分詞均為raised【圖解助記【圖解助記】【練一練【練一練 走近中考走近中考】(2014來賓中考來賓中考)Many stars_(籌集籌集)money for homeless children nowadays. They are so kind. 答案答案: raise6. difficulty n. 困難困難, 難題難題【填一填【填一填 思維激活思維激活】I have_ (di

21、fficult) reading at times. 當(dāng)你做決定有困難時(shí)當(dāng)你做決定有困難時(shí), 可以打電話給我?？梢源螂娫捊o我。You can call me if you have _ _a decision. 答案答案: difficultydifficulty making 【辨一辨【辨一辨 考點(diǎn)突破考點(diǎn)突破】difficult/difficultly/difficulty的用法辨析的用法辨析 difficult形容詞形容詞“困難的困難的”, 作定語、表語或賓語補(bǔ)足作定語、表語或賓語補(bǔ)足語語difficultly副詞副詞“困難地困難地”, 作狀語作狀語difficulty名詞名詞have

22、difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事做某事有困難有困難【練一練【練一練 走近中考走近中考】(2013聊城中考聊城中考)I have great _in finishing the work by myself. Could you help me? No problem. A. fun B. success C. advice D. difficulty【重點(diǎn)句型【重點(diǎn)句型】1. Whats the matter? 怎么了怎么了? I have a stomachache. 我胃痛。我胃痛?！舅家凰肌舅家凰?句型剖析句型剖析】(1)Whats the matter? 意

23、為意為“怎么了怎么了? ”常用來詢問身體有什么常用來詢問身體有什么不適或有什么不順心的事不適或有什么不順心的事, 也可以用來詢問某物出了什么故障也可以用來詢問某物出了什么故障, 后面可接后面可接with sb. /sth. , 表示表示“某人某人/某物怎么了某物怎么了? ”。(2)由由-ache構(gòu)成的復(fù)合名詞構(gòu)成的復(fù)合名詞(3)“have+a+名詞名詞”型短語型短語【歸納拓展【歸納拓展】【練一練【練一練 走近中考走近中考】(2014江西中考江西中考)Hi, John. _? Its Lucy, my dog. Her leg is hurt. A. How are you B. Whats t

24、he matterC. Whos that D. Whats Lucy like2. Thanks to Mr. Wang and the passengers, the doctors saved the man in time. 多虧了王先生和這些乘客多虧了王先生和這些乘客, 醫(yī)生才及時(shí)挽救了這個(gè)醫(yī)生才及時(shí)挽救了這個(gè)(老老)人。人?！舅家凰肌舅家凰?句型剖析句型剖析】thanks to“由于由于; 幸虧幸虧”, 介詞短語介詞短語, 后接名詞、代詞后接名詞、代詞, 強(qiáng)調(diào)強(qiáng)調(diào)感謝的對象。感謝的對象。Thanks to your help, we can finish the work on t

25、ime. 多虧了你的幫忙多虧了你的幫忙, 我們才準(zhǔn)時(shí)完成工作。我們才準(zhǔn)時(shí)完成工作?！練w納拓展【歸納拓展】thanks for“因因而感謝而感謝”, 客套用語客套用語, thanks相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于thank you。for為介詞為介詞, 后接名詞或動詞后接名詞或動詞-ing, 強(qiáng)調(diào)為何而感謝。強(qiáng)調(diào)為何而感謝。Thanks for inviting me to your party. 謝謝你邀請我參加你的聚會。謝謝你邀請我參加你的聚會?！揪氁痪殹揪氁痪?走近中考走近中考】(2014四川中考四川中考)Thanks _Mr. Hu, we have learnt many English songs.

26、A. for B. at C. to【要點(diǎn)備選【要點(diǎn)備選】1. right away立即立即, 馬上馬上【填一填【填一填 思維激活思維激活】他馬上意識到什么地方出了問題。他馬上意識到什么地方出了問題。He realized_ _that there was something wrong. 他現(xiàn)在不在辦公室。他現(xiàn)在不在辦公室。He is not in the office_ _. 答案答案: right awayright now 【辨一辨【辨一辨 考點(diǎn)突破考點(diǎn)突破】right away/right now的用法辨析的用法辨析right away立即、馬上立即、馬上, 主要用主要用于美國英語于

27、美國英語, 語氣稍語氣稍弱于弱于at once, 強(qiáng)調(diào)動強(qiáng)調(diào)動作迅速。可用于過去作迅速?？捎糜谶^去或?qū)頃r(shí)態(tài)或?qū)頃r(shí)態(tài)He didnt answer right away. 他沒有馬上回答。他沒有馬上回答。right now現(xiàn)在、此時(shí)此刻現(xiàn)在、此時(shí)此刻, 也也有立即、馬上、即刻有立即、馬上、即刻的意思。一般用于現(xiàn)的意思。一般用于現(xiàn)在或者將來時(shí)態(tài)在或者將來時(shí)態(tài)Where is the International Space Station right now? 國國際空間站現(xiàn)在在什么際空間站現(xiàn)在在什么位置位置? 【練一練【練一練 走近中考走近中考】(2012黃岡中考黃岡中考)What would

28、 you do if you _the traffic accident? I would_. A. see; do my housework firstB. saw; buy some fruit right awayC. see; call at 110 at onceD. saw; call the police right away2. fix v. 修理修理; 安裝安裝【填一填【填一填 思維激活思維激活】他把機(jī)器固定在地上。他把機(jī)器固定在地上。He_ the machine on the ground. The workers are_ (repairing/mending/fixi

29、ng) the old bridge. 答案答案: fixedrepairing 【記一記【記一記 知識構(gòu)建知識構(gòu)建】三種三種“修理修理”的不同的不同fix側(cè)重于側(cè)重于“安裝安裝”, 有時(shí)也有時(shí)也用作用作“修理修理”, 常用來指常用來指修理機(jī)器、車輛等修理機(jī)器、車輛等, fix up意為意為“修理修理; 裝飾裝飾”The workers are fixing the machine. 工人們在安裝機(jī)器。工人們在安裝機(jī)器。repair使受到一定損失或失靈的使受到一定損失或失靈的物品恢復(fù)其形狀或功能物品恢復(fù)其形狀或功能, 從房屋、道路、機(jī)器到日從房屋、道路、機(jī)器到日常生活必需品常生活必需品Mary

30、 repaired the radio just for the fun of it. 瑪麗修理收音機(jī)只瑪麗修理收音機(jī)只是為了消遣。是為了消遣。mend著重指恢復(fù)某物原來的樣著重指恢復(fù)某物原來的樣子子(包括用針、線來縫補(bǔ)包括用針、線來縫補(bǔ)), 一般指較小之物一般指較小之物My mother mended clothes for me yesterday. 昨天我媽媽昨天我媽媽為我縫補(bǔ)衣服。為我縫補(bǔ)衣服?！揪氁痪殹揪氁痪?走近中考走近中考】(2013菏澤中考菏澤中考)Why do you collect so many old bikes? Ill have them _and give awa

31、y to the children who dont have bikes. A. used up B. given upC. fixed up D. set up3. death n. 死死; 死亡死亡【填一填【填一填 思維激活思維激活】用用die的適當(dāng)形式填空。的適當(dāng)形式填空。她媽媽的死對她是個(gè)打擊。她媽媽的死對她是個(gè)打擊。Her mothers _was a shock to her. The_ old man told his sons that there was a gold pot under the tall tree in front of their house. Afte

32、r telling them about that, the old man closed his eyes and _. 答案答案: deathdying; died4. care for照顧照顧; 非常喜歡非常喜歡【填一填【填一填 思維激活思維激活】He often cares for his sick mother. (改為同義句改為同義句)He often_ _ _his sick mother. He often_ _his sick mother. 我喜歡綠茶。我喜歡綠茶。I_ _green tea. 答案答案: takes care of; looks aftercare for

33、 【記一記【記一記 知識構(gòu)建知識構(gòu)建】care for的用法的用法 【練一練【練一練 走近中考走近中考】(2013黃石中考黃石中考)Many students in our school _the old and they usually offer their seats to them on buses. A. worry about B. care forC. agree with D. take care5. run out (of) 用盡用盡【填一填【填一填 思維激活思維激活】Lin Taos pocket money was used up yesterday. (改為同義句改為同

34、義句)Lin Taos pocket money_ _yesterday. The writer had run out of the ink before he finished writing. (改為同義句改為同義句)The ink_ _ _before the writer finished writing. 答案答案: ran outhad run out 【記一記【記一記 知識構(gòu)建知識構(gòu)建】run out短語的用法短語的用法(1)run out意為意為“用盡用盡”, 相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于be used up, 其主語通常為時(shí)間、其主語通常為時(shí)間、食物、金錢等名詞食物、金錢等名詞; run

35、out是不及物動詞短語是不及物動詞短語, 其后不能帶賓其后不能帶賓語語, 無被動形式。無被動形式。(2)run out of sth. (= use up sth. )意為意為“用盡某物用盡某物”, 其主語一般其主語一般是人。是人?！揪氁痪殹揪氁痪?走近中考走近中考】(2014黃岡中考黃岡中考)He told the interviewer that he had run out of money to buy old bikes. A. put away B. turned offC. taken out D. used up6. imagine v. 想象想象; 設(shè)想設(shè)想【填一填【填一填

36、思維激活思維激活】Look! The boy is running so fast! I cant_(想象想象)that his right leg was once broken. 你能想象喬治做飯的樣子嗎你能想象喬治做飯的樣子嗎? Can you _George _dinner? 答案答案: imagineimagine; cooking 【記一記【記一記 知識構(gòu)建知識構(gòu)建】imagine的用法總結(jié)的用法總結(jié)(1)imagine作及物動詞作及物動詞, 后跟名詞、代詞、動名詞或從句作賓語。后跟名詞、代詞、動名詞或從句作賓語。(2)imagine后跟復(fù)合賓語后跟復(fù)合賓語, 即即imagine

37、+名詞名詞/代詞代詞+動名詞。動名詞。Jimmys mother imagines Jimmy becoming a film star one day. 吉米的媽媽想象有一天吉米會成為一名電影明星。吉米的媽媽想象有一天吉米會成為一名電影明星?！揪氁痪殹揪氁痪?走近中考走近中考】(河南中考河南中考)The Internet is so closely connected with our daily life. Can you _a life without it? A. understand B. imagineC. consider D. expect7. Should I take my

38、 temperature? 我應(yīng)該量一下體溫嗎我應(yīng)該量一下體溫嗎? 【思一思【思一思 句型剖析句型剖析】(1)should作情態(tài)動詞作情態(tài)動詞, 有實(shí)際的詞義有實(shí)際的詞義, 但它不可單獨(dú)作謂語但它不可單獨(dú)作謂語, 須須與動詞原形連用與動詞原形連用, 沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。You should work harder. 你應(yīng)該更努力地工作。你應(yīng)該更努力地工作。(2)常用句型常用句型: You should /shouldnt do sth. “你你(不不)應(yīng)該做某應(yīng)該做某事事”?！緶剀疤崾尽緶剀疤崾尽縮hould表示預(yù)測和可能性表示預(yù)測和可能性, 意為意為“應(yīng)該應(yīng)該; 可能可能

39、”。We should arrive by supper time. 我們在晚飯時(shí)間應(yīng)該能到了。我們在晚飯時(shí)間應(yīng)該能到了。She should be here at any moment. 她隨時(shí)都可能來。她隨時(shí)都可能來。【練一練【練一練 走近中考走近中考】(2014云南中考云南中考)You look really tired. _? I didnt sleep well last night. I had a headache. A. How about you B. What should I doC. Whats the matter D. How are you feeling now

40、專題十瀏覽全文歸納主旨大意專題十瀏覽全文歸納主旨大意命題角度命題角度1 標(biāo)題歸納標(biāo)題歸納(2014紹興中考紹興中考)Vicky Zhao is from the mainland working in Hong Kong. For her, one thing she cant stand is people standing on the wrong side of the escalator(自動扶梯自動扶梯)in subway stations. “Escalators help us move faster and save time. It isnt a place to rest,

41、 ”the 24-year-old says, “I often see tourists blocking(擋住擋住)the way with their heavy suitcases or chatting on the escalators during rush hour. It makes me very angry. ” Agreeing that she is not the patient type, Zhao says things are much better in Hong Kong than in cities on the mainland where peopl

42、e often pay no attention to “stand right, walk left” signs. The reason behind the rule “stand right, walk left” seems clear. Even though you may want to have a rest and just wait while youre transported up or down, you should still consider others and leave enough space for people in a hurry, so tha

43、t they can run and take the train. But the people who stand on escalators will tell the walkers not to be so impatient. In a recent story about the escalator rule, one stander says, “If the person is in such a rush, why not just take the stairs? ” Many cities escalators, including Londons and Beijin

44、gs, use the “stand right, walk left” rule to speed up the movement of people. (In Australian cities like Sydney you should stand on the left side instead. )But some cities discourage people from moving on escalators out of safety reasons. In Hong Kongs subway stations people are asked to “stand stil

45、l” on escalators. Even so, most people keep the “stand right, walk left” rule. Whatever the escalator rule is in the place you live in or visit, do what most people are doing and always be mindful of others, leave enough space between each other, dont stay at the end of the escalator, and if someone

46、 is blocking your way, a simple “excuse me” is enough. 51. Whats the best title of the passage? A. Get it right B. Help othersC. Take stairs D. Move fast【分析【分析】考查對文章標(biāo)題的歸納。文章以一位在地鐵中使用自考查對文章標(biāo)題的歸納。文章以一位在地鐵中使用自動扶梯的動扶梯的Vicky Zhao的身份的身份, 對于對于“stand right, walk left”這一這一規(guī)定發(fā)表了個(gè)人的看法規(guī)定發(fā)表了個(gè)人的看法, 作者認(rèn)為在乘坐自動扶梯時(shí)作者

47、認(rèn)為在乘坐自動扶梯時(shí), 應(yīng)當(dāng)遵守應(yīng)當(dāng)遵守規(guī)則規(guī)則, 由此可知由此可知, 答案應(yīng)當(dāng)為答案應(yīng)當(dāng)為A。命題角度命題角度2 主旨大意主旨大意(2014泰安中考泰安中考)When I was a child, my parents often took me to an old house in a thick forest. No other children ever stayed there. I didnt even have the choice of playing with a brother or sister. I could never understand what the att

48、raction(吸引吸引)of the house was, even for my parents, who enjoyed nothing better than to sit in silence with a good book. The woman in the house, my fathers distant cousin, was a terrible cook and her food was inedible. One day, when I was wandering around the garden behind the house, I noticed a wood

49、en house which had clearly been abandoned(被遺棄的被遺棄的). As I walked towards it, I heard a noise, like an animal moving hurriedly away. Then I saw a man with a long beard standing at the door. I was greatly surprised. “Please dont tell them you saw me, ”he said, “They never use this place, and I have no

50、where else to live. ”“Dont worry, ”I said. “I wont tell anyone. But are you all right out here? I meando you have enough to eat? ”The old man shook his head. The same evening, I took a small plastic bag into the dining room and, while no one was looking, emptied some of the food into it. Later, I go

51、t out of the back door secretly and gave the food to the old man, whose name I had discovered was Taff. I had never seen anything else as lovely as the smile of satisfaction on Taffs face when he ate the food. From then on, my visits to the old house had a purpose, and I enjoyed every minute of rest

52、 of my stay. 60. The story mainly tells us_. A. its nice to raise wild animalsB. its valuable to help othersC. its good to live in the forestD. its comfortable to live in the old house【分析【分析】考查主旨大意的歸納。瀏覽全文可知考查主旨大意的歸納。瀏覽全文可知, 自從作者在一自從作者在一個(gè)舊房子里遇到了一位蓬頭垢面的老人之后個(gè)舊房子里遇到了一位蓬頭垢面的老人之后, 舊房子便成了作舊房子便成了作者常去的地方者常去

53、的地方, 因?yàn)樽髡咴谀抢镎业搅丝鞓芬驗(yàn)樽髡咴谀抢镎业搅丝鞓穾椭俏焕先藥椭俏焕先? 所以所以, 答案為答案為B。【破題技巧【破題技巧】 1. 細(xì)讀主題句細(xì)讀主題句, 鎖定文章主旨鎖定文章主旨 尋找主題句多采用瀏覽法。主題句有可能在一段的開頭、尋找主題句多采用瀏覽法。主題句有可能在一段的開頭、中間、末尾。在很多情況下中間、末尾。在很多情況下, 主題句如果在段首主題句如果在段首, 其后可能有其后可能有for example, first, second等信息。如果在段末等信息。如果在段末, 其前可能有其前可能有above all, all in all等信息詞。等信息詞。 2. 歸納各段大意歸納

54、各段大意, 概括中心思想概括中心思想 有時(shí)文章或段落的主題句隱含在全文或全段中有時(shí)文章或段落的主題句隱含在全文或全段中, 沒有明確沒有明確的主題句的主題句, 必須根據(jù)文章中的事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)必須根據(jù)文章中的事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié), 進(jìn)行全面考慮進(jìn)行全面考慮, 綜合分綜合分析析, 然后找出共同的東西然后找出共同的東西, 歸納成一般概念。歸納成一般概念。 3. 巧妙排除干擾項(xiàng)巧妙排除干擾項(xiàng) (1)概括不夠概括不夠(多表現(xiàn)為部分代替整體多表現(xiàn)為部分代替整體, 從而導(dǎo)致范圍太小從而導(dǎo)致范圍太小); (2)過度概括過度概括(多表現(xiàn)為人為擴(kuò)大范圍多表現(xiàn)為人為擴(kuò)大范圍); (3)以事實(shí)或細(xì)節(jié)代替大意。以事實(shí)或細(xì)節(jié)代替大意。如何寫

55、提建議的話題作文如何寫提建議的話題作文 談?wù)搯栴}提出建議的話題作文是歷年中考考查頻率非常高談?wù)搯栴}提出建議的話題作文是歷年中考考查頻率非常高的話題作文之一的話題作文之一, 其中以學(xué)校和家庭生活為背景的最常見其中以學(xué)校和家庭生活為背景的最常見, 在寫在寫作此類話題時(shí)要特別注意先明確問題作此類話題時(shí)要特別注意先明確問題, 再提出合理的建議再提出合理的建議, 最后最后寄予希望。寄予希望。 高分句型高分句型: 1. First, . . . Second, . . . 第一第一, 第二第二, 2. I think you should/could. . . 我想你應(yīng)該我想你應(yīng)該 3. I hope.

56、. . 我希望我希望【典題示例【典題示例】(2013德州中考德州中考) 下面是大明寫給他的朋友下面是大明寫給他的朋友Tom的信的信, 信中描述了他的煩惱。信中描述了他的煩惱。請你以他的朋友請你以他的朋友Tom的身份的身份, 給他寫一封給他寫一封80個(gè)詞左右的回信個(gè)詞左右的回信, 在在信中指出他的問題并給他提出建議。信的開頭已給出信中指出他的問題并給他提出建議。信的開頭已給出, 不計(jì)入不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)?？傇~數(shù)。 Dear Tom, My classmate, Lucy, bought a new pen. I liked it very much, so I used it without her

57、permission. Unluckily, I broke it. Then I put it back secretly. Now she finds out the truth and is very angry with me. I dont know what to do. Can you help me? Yours, DamingDear Daming, I know your problem. _【思路點(diǎn)撥【思路點(diǎn)撥】審題審題抓準(zhǔn)信息抓準(zhǔn)信息, 快速判斷快速判斷 1. 體裁體裁: 應(yīng)用文應(yīng)用文 2. 人稱人稱: 第一人稱第一人稱 3. 時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài): 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 4. 謀

58、篇謀篇: 成篇成篇銜接過渡銜接過渡, 連句成篇連句成篇 根據(jù)寫作要求可知文章結(jié)構(gòu)是總分關(guān)系根據(jù)寫作要求可知文章結(jié)構(gòu)是總分關(guān)系, 因此要先引出要因此要先引出要談?wù)摰膯栴}談?wù)摰膯栴}, 然后再根據(jù)問題提出建議進(jìn)行寫作然后再根據(jù)問題提出建議進(jìn)行寫作, 并注意情態(tài)動并注意情態(tài)動詞詞should, can, could的運(yùn)用。的運(yùn)用?！拘≡嚺５丁拘≡嚺５丁縚【佳作鑒賞【佳作鑒賞】Dear Daming, I know your problem. Youve made two mistakes. First, you used your classmates pen without her permissi

59、on. Second, when you broke the pen, you didnt tell her the truth. Yes, you must tell her immediately. If you tell her the truth, perhaps shell be angry with you, but at least youll prove you are honest. Then I think you should offer to pay. You can use your pocket money to buy a new pen for her. She

60、 will realize that youre truly sorry. I hope the advice can help you. Im sure you will make up with her soon. Yours, Tom 親愛的大明親愛的大明: 我知道你的問題。我知道你的問題。你犯了兩個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。你犯了兩個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。首先首先, 你未經(jīng)允許使你未經(jīng)允許使用你同學(xué)的鋼筆。第二用你同學(xué)的鋼筆。第二, 當(dāng)你弄壞鋼筆的時(shí)候當(dāng)你弄壞鋼筆的時(shí)候, 你沒有告訴她真你沒有告訴她真相。是的相。是的, 你必須立刻告訴她。你必須立刻告訴她。如果你告訴她真相如果你告訴她真相, 也許她會生也許她會生你的氣你的氣, 但是至少你會證明你是誠實(shí)的。但是至少你會證明你是誠實(shí)的。 我認(rèn)為你應(yīng)該主動賠付。我認(rèn)為你應(yīng)該主動賠付。你可以用你的零花錢為她買一支你可以用你的零花錢為她買一支新的鋼筆。她會意識到你確實(shí)很抱歉。新的鋼筆。她會意識到你確實(shí)很抱歉。 我希望這些建議能幫助你。我確信你不久就會和她重歸于我希望這些建議能幫助你。我確信你不久就會和她重歸于好。好。你的你的, 湯姆湯姆