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1、第 11 講 主謂一致用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1There _ (be) some water in the bottle.is2_ (be) there many American friends in the school lastFriday?Were3Most of our earth _ (be) covered with water. 4Sunday _ (be) the first day of a week.is5The police often _ (help) the children cross the street.6The whole family _ (be) en

2、joying the light music now. ishelpare7Neither he nor I _ (be) from Canada.8Either you or he _ (be) right.9Not only Tom but also his parents _ (like) the film. 10 The news _ (be) terrifying.We all got nervoussuddenly.was11Nobody _ (like) that kind of man.12Each of them _ (have) a red pen.13Both Mary

3、and Jim _ (be) good students.14Two million dollars _ (be) enough to rebuild the village.amislikelikeshas/hadareis15This pair of shoes _ (be) expensive.16To see _ (be) to believe.17My father and mother _ (agree) with me.18There _ (be) a pen and some pencils in the box.is19The woman with a baby _ (be)

4、 my mother. 20One of my friends _ (have) moved to America.I missher so much.hasisisagreeis/was謂語(yǔ)因受主語(yǔ)支配，需和主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致，這種語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象叫做主謂一致。主謂一致一般遵循三個(gè)原則：語(yǔ)法一致原則，意義一致原則和就近原則。語(yǔ)法一致原則1主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)名詞或代詞時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)名詞或代詞時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如：Jane likes English very much.簡(jiǎn)很喜歡英語(yǔ)。They like English very much.他們很喜歡英語(yǔ)。2and 或 both.and.

5、連接名詞或代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)。如：Tom and John are good friends.湯姆和約翰是好朋友。注意：(1)當(dāng) and 連接的兩個(gè)名詞指同一個(gè)人或物時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如：The writer and singer was invited to the party.那位作家兼歌手被邀請(qǐng)參加派對(duì)。(2)當(dāng) and 連接的名詞被 each, every 或 no 修飾時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如：Each boy and each girl was given an apple just now.剛才每位男生和女生都得到了一個(gè)蘋果。3當(dāng)主語(yǔ)后面跟有 with, witho

6、ut, together with, along with,except, besides, but, as well as, like, including 等介詞短語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與前面的主語(yǔ)保持一致(即就遠(yuǎn)原則)。如：The boy together with his parents works hard.那個(gè)男孩和他的父母一起努力工作。4動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞或從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如：Walking is good for our health.散步有利于我們的健康。5由不定代詞 either, neither, each, one, everyone, someone,anyon

7、e, no one, somebody, anybody, everybody, something,anything, nothing, everything 等作主語(yǔ)或修飾主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)。如：Everybody is here.所有人都到齊了。意義一致原則1科目名稱 maths, physics, politics 等和 news 本身不表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如：I think physics is an interesting subject.我認(rèn)為物理是一門有趣的學(xué)科。2trousers, shoes, glasses, pants 等為復(fù)數(shù)名詞，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂

8、語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。但當(dāng)它們前面有 pair of, kind of 等修飾時(shí)，則根據(jù) pair 和 kind 的單復(fù)數(shù)確定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：His shoes are beautiful.他的鞋子很漂亮。This pair of trousers belongs to Tom.這條褲子屬于湯姆。3表示時(shí)間、長(zhǎng)度、距離、價(jià)格、金錢、重量等的短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，常表示一個(gè)整體概念整體概念，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)。如：Two months is quite a long time.兩個(gè)月是很長(zhǎng)的一段時(shí)間。4集體名詞如 family, class, group, team 等作主語(yǔ)表示整體時(shí)用單數(shù)，表示集體

9、中的具體成員時(shí)用復(fù)數(shù)。如：His family is a big family.他的家庭是個(gè)大家庭。His family are all the fans of Yao Ming.他的家人都是姚明的粉絲。5某些名詞如 people (people 指“民族”時(shí)除外), police 等，形式上是單數(shù)但意義上是復(fù)數(shù)，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)。如：The police are running after a thief.警察們正在追趕那個(gè)小偷。6 “the 形容詞”表示一類人和“the 姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)形式”表示夫婦或一家人作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如：The Smiths like watching

10、TV.史密斯一家人都喜歡看電視。7分?jǐn)?shù)、百分比及 some, half of, part of, lots of, the rest of等后接單數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；接復(fù)數(shù)名詞時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如：70% of the earth is covered with water.70%的地球表面被水覆蓋。60% of the teachers in our school are women.我們學(xué)校 60%的老師是女的。就近原則1在 there be 句型和以 here 開頭的句子中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與靠近它的主語(yǔ)保持一致。如：There is a book and three

11、dictionaries on the desk.桌子上有一本書和三本字典。Here is Jim and his parents.這是吉姆和他的父母。2在 either.or, neither.nor, not only.but also, or, not.but.等結(jié)構(gòu)連接并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與靠近它的主語(yǔ)保持一致。如：Either you or he has to stay at home this afternoon.今天下午要么你要么他得待在家里。()1.(2011 年廣東)David, there _ a dictionary andAsome books on your desk

12、.Please put them away.OK.Mum.Ill do it right away.AisBareChasDhave解析：there be 句型中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與靠近它的主語(yǔ)保持一致。()2.(2011 年廣東河源)The number of teachers in our school_ greatly increased last term.A number of teachers in thisschool _ from the countryside.BAwas; isCwere; areBwas; areDwere; is解析：the number of 表示“的數(shù)量”，

13、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與主語(yǔ) number 保持一致，用單數(shù)；“a number of復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”表示“許多”，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。()3.(2011 年廣東茂名)Where _ my glasses? I cantfind them.BAisBareCwas解析：glasses 為復(fù)數(shù)名詞，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。()4.(2011 年 廣 東 深 圳 )He, together with his parents,B_ going to visit Shanghai in July.How about you?Im afraid I have to stay at home _.Aare; on my ow

14、nCis; by my ownBis; by myselfDare; on myself解析：介詞短語(yǔ) together with 后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)和它前面的主語(yǔ) he 保持一致，故 A、D 項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；by oneselfon ones own 獨(dú)自。故選 B。()5.(2010 年廣東)Robert with his two kids _ to theBbeach for vacation every year.AgoCwentBgoesDare going解析：由 every year 可排除 C、D 選項(xiàng)；當(dāng)主語(yǔ)后跟有 with,along with, as well as 等介詞短語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂

15、語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍與前面的主語(yǔ)保持一致。主語(yǔ) Robert 是第三人稱單數(shù)，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。()6.(2010 年廣東梅州)_ of the land in that country_ covered with tree and grass.D解析：分?jǐn)?shù)的構(gòu)成原則是：分子用基數(shù)，分母用序數(shù)，分子大于一時(shí)，分母加-s；分?jǐn)?shù)后面的名詞是 land，為單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也要用單數(shù)。故選 D。ATwo five; isBTwo fifths; areCTwo five; areDTwo fifths; is()7.(2010 年廣東深圳)The number of the students in ourAclass _ fifty-six.How many of _ are girls?Ais; themCis; theyBare; themDare; they解析：the number of 意為“的數(shù)目”，后面用單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；of 是介詞，后接代詞賓格。故選 A。()8.(2010 年 廣 東 佛 山 )I asked for some more milk, butthere _ none left.CAareBwereCwas解析：none 指代 milk，是不可數(shù)名詞，故 there be 中的 be用單數(shù)。選 C。