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1、UNIT 3 COMPUTERSModule 2 Science and technology自自 主主 預(yù)預(yù) 習(xí)習(xí)一、根據(jù)漢語寫出英文單詞一、根據(jù)漢語寫出英文單詞 1. (計(jì)算機(jī))顯示器 (n.) _2. 揚(yáng)聲器 (n.) _3. 打字( v.) _4. 受喜愛的；受歡迎的 (adj.) _5. 操縱；控制 (v.) _6. 依靠；依賴 (v.) _7. 極小的；微小的 (adj.) _8. 昂貴的；價(jià)格高的 (adj.)_monitorspeakertypepopularoperatedependtinyexpensive9. 比較；對(duì)比 (v.) _ 10. 操作；控制(機(jī)器或系統(tǒng)等)

2、(v.) _11. 總額；合計(jì) (n.) _ 12. 訂貨；訂購 (n.) _13. 速度(n.) _14. （計(jì)算機(jī)）鼠標(biāo)(n.) _15. 出售；售賣(v.) _16. 公司(n.)_comparecontroltotalorderspeedmousesellcompany二、根據(jù)漢語寫出下列詞組二、根據(jù)漢語寫出下列詞組1. 依靠 _2. 總計(jì)；共計(jì) _3. 盼望；期待 _4. 除之外（還） _5. 怎樣處理 _6. 玩電腦游戲 _7. 沒意識(shí)到；未察覺 _8. 從事工作 _depend ongrand totallook forward toin additionwhatdo withp

3、lay computer games(be) unaware ofwork as9. 在20世紀(jì)40年代 _ 10. 以更快的速度 _ 11. 缺乏；缺失 _ 12. 阻止某人做某事 _ in the 1940sat a faster speedbe short ofstop sb. from doing sth.三、根據(jù)漢語補(bǔ)全下列句子，每空一詞三、根據(jù)漢語補(bǔ)全下列句子，每空一詞 1. 現(xiàn)在電腦正變得更小、更好。 Now computers are becoming _ _ _ . 2. 你對(duì)電腦的依賴程度比你意識(shí)到的要多得多。 You _ _ computers more than you

4、 realize. 3. 此外,電腦還能做一些重要的工作,例如操控鐵路系統(tǒng),駕駛飛機(jī)和宇宙飛船。 _ _ , computers can do important jobs like operating railways and flying planes and spaceships. smallerandbetterdependonInaddition4. 例如,它們可能比人類(醫(yī)生)更勝任醫(yī)生這種工作。For example, they may _ _ _ doctors _ doing their job. 5. 你有很多東西要攜帶嗎？ Do you have a lot of thi

5、ngs _ _?6. 我盼望您的回復(fù)。 I _ _ _ your reply. bebetterthanattocarrylookforwardto7. 謝謝你們參加這個(gè)會(huì)議。 _ _ _ _ this meeting. 8. 通過使用搜索引擎，你可以找到你需要的信息。 You can find the information you need _ _ _ _ _ . you for attendingbyusingasearchengineThank要要 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 梳梳 理理【詞匯精析詞匯精析】【1】Worder n.a request for goods 訂貨，訂購訂貨，訂購; a condi

6、tion of regular or proper arrangement 順序；秩序順序；秩序【拓展】Weve received an order for three tons of coal. 我們已經(jīng)收到了三噸煤的訂單。Please arrange in alphabetical order. 請(qǐng)按字母順序排列。 (1) keep sth. in order 使某物有次序Its not easy for the teachers to keep their classes in order. 教師要把課堂秩序維持好是不容易的。 （2）order還可以作動(dòng)詞，意為“命令；訂購；點(diǎn)餐”，or

7、der sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事He ordered them to start the work at once. 他命令他們馬上開始工作?！緫?yīng)用】(1) He ordered the enemy soldiers _ (put) down their guns. (2)( )Please keep all the items _ order. A. inB. out of C. with to putA【2】compare v. find out the similarities or differences between things 比較；對(duì)比比較；對(duì)比You s

8、hould compare the prices before you buy something. 你應(yīng)該在買東西前比較一下價(jià)格。你應(yīng)該在買東西前比較一下價(jià)格。You should compare the prices before you buy something. 你應(yīng)該在買東西前比較一下價(jià)格?！就~】（1）comparative adj. 比較的Why dont we do some comparative advertising? 我們?yōu)槭裁床荒茏鲆恍?duì)比廣告呢？（2）comparison n. 比較；對(duì)比He wrote a paper on the comparison be

9、tween Chinese culture and American culture. 他寫了一篇關(guān)于中國文化和美國文化的比較的論文?！就卣埂?1) comparewith 把與作比較Compare your lifestyle with his, his is healthier. 用你的生活方式與他的比較，他的更健康。(2) compareto 把比喻成People often compare young people to the rising Sun. 人們常把年輕人比喻成正在升起的太陽?！緫?yīng)用】(1) There is no_ (compare) between the two.(2

10、) ( )Compare this car _ that one, and you will find the differences between them. A. toB. withC. for(3) ( )This song compares our country _ a big family. A. toB. withC. forcomparisonBA 【3】speaker n. someone who talks （especially someone who has a public speech）演講者）演講者; a piece of electrical equipmen

11、t, for example part of a radio or set of equipment for playing CDs or tapes, through which sound comes out 揚(yáng)聲器揚(yáng)聲器 He was a guest speaker at the conference. 他是會(huì)議的特邀演講人。The sounds of the guitar are sent through the speaker. 吉他的聲音通過揚(yáng)聲器傳送出去?！就~】（1）speak v. 意為“說；講”，其過去式為spoke，過去分詞為spoken。I rang the hote

12、l and spoke to Louie. 我打電話給賓館，跟路易通了話。（2）speech n. 意為“演講；講話”。His speech inspired the soldiers with courage.他的講話激發(fā)了戰(zhàn)士們的勇氣。【拓展】speak，tell與say的用法區(qū)別（1）習(xí)慣用法： 表示“演說；演講；發(fā)言”等，一般用 speak。Who is going to speak at the meeting? 誰將在會(huì)上發(fā)言？表示“講故事；說謊”等，一般用 tell。He often tells us interesting stories. 他經(jīng)常給我們講有趣的故事。 tell

13、 a story講故事tell the truth說實(shí)話表示“說某種語言”，一般用 speak。Do you speak French? 你會(huì)說法語嗎?（2）tell 意為“講述；告訴”。 tell sb. sth. 意為“告訴某人某事”；tell sb. （not）to do sth. 意為“告訴某人（不要）去做某事”。（3）talk 一般為不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“交談；談話”，著重強(qiáng)調(diào)兩者之間的相互說話。talk常用短語為talk about。（4）say一般用作及物動(dòng)詞，著重強(qiáng)調(diào)說話的內(nèi)容，它的賓語可以是名詞、代詞或賓語從句。He can say his name. 他會(huì)說他的名字。 Plea

14、se say it in English. 請(qǐng)用英語說。 Shes saying， “Dont draw on the wall.” 她在說：“別在墻上畫?！薄緫?yīng)用】（1）The first_（speak）began to talk, very fast and rather loudly. （2）When she was young, she _（speak）English in the USA. speakerspoke【4】control v. to use power to manage or command 操縱；控制（機(jī)器或系統(tǒng)等）操縱；控制（機(jī)器或系統(tǒng)等） You must le

15、arn to control your temper. 你必須學(xué)會(huì)控制你的脾氣。 【拓展】(1) lose control 失去控制You shouldnt lose control. 你不應(yīng)該失控。(2) out of control 失去控制The plane is out of control. 飛機(jī)失控了。(3) under control 處于控制之下The fire has been brought under control. 火勢(shì)已受到控制。(4) under ones control 在某人的控制下During the World War II, the area was u

16、nder the control of the US Navy. 二戰(zhàn)期間，這一地區(qū)被美國海軍所控制。【應(yīng)用】( )Everything is _ control.A. onB. outC. underC【5】depend v. to need the help of someone, or to trust that someone will do something 依靠；依賴依靠；依賴 All living things depend on the Sun for their growth. 萬物依靠太陽生長(zhǎng)。【同根詞】（1）dependent adj. 依賴的Children are

17、totally dependent on their parents for food and shelter. 小孩子完全依賴父母提供食宿。(2)dependence n.依靠He lived in a state of dependence on his friends help.他依靠朋友的幫助而生活。 (3)independent adj. 獨(dú)立的We should learn to be independent. 我們應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)獨(dú)立。(4)independence n. 獨(dú)立He was afraid of losing his independence.他擔(dān)心喪失自己的獨(dú)立。【拓展】

18、depend on 意為“依靠；依賴；取決于”的意思。當(dāng)意為“依靠”時(shí)，相當(dāng)于rely on；意為“取決于”時(shí)，相當(dāng)于be decided by。You can depend on her，because she always keeps her promises. 你可以信賴她,因?yàn)樗幌蚨际切攀刂Z言的。 How much it costs depends on how much you buy. 價(jià)錢取決于你買多少。【應(yīng)用】(1) ( )The little boy always depends on his mother. (選出可以替換畫線部分的最佳選項(xiàng)) A. relies onB.

19、 is decided byC. believes in(2) India gained _(depend) from Britain in 1947.(3) All is _ (depend) on your decision. Aindependencedependent 【6】operate v. to control the working of something, make something work 操作，控制；操作，控制；cut open a patients body in order to remove, replace, or repair a diseased or

20、damaged part 做手術(shù)做手術(shù)Could you tell me how to operate this machine? 你可以告訴我怎樣操作這部機(jī)器嗎？The doctor operated on his arm last week. 醫(yī)生上周給他的手臂做了手術(shù)?！就~】operation n. 操作；手術(shù)The operation of this machine is simple.這臺(tái)機(jī)器的操作很簡(jiǎn)單?！就卣埂縪perate on sb. 給某人做手術(shù)Who did you operate on last night? 你昨晚為誰做過手術(shù)?【應(yīng)用】(1) You need a

21、 good rest after the _ (operate). (2) （ ）The doctors decided to operate _ her immediately. A. on B. withC. aboutoperationA【7】price n. the amount of money needed to purchase something 價(jià)格價(jià)格 The price of the house is very high. 這房子的價(jià)格很高。【拓展】(1) at the price of 以的價(jià)格She bought the new dress at the price

22、of 10 dollars. 她以10美元的價(jià)格買了這條新裙子。(2) at a price 以相當(dāng)高的價(jià)格；付出很大的代價(jià)Tickets are still available, but at a price. 門票依然有售，只是票價(jià)很高。(3) Whats the price of sth.?=How much is sth.?=How much does sth. cost?某物的價(jià)格是多少？【應(yīng)用】(1) ( )Have you agreed to sell him the goods such a price? A. inB. forC. at(2) Whats the price

23、of the mobile phone? (改為同義句)_CHow much is the mobile phone？/How much does the mobile phone cost？【8】sell v. exchange or deliver something for money or its equivalent 出售；售賣出售；售賣 sell的過去式和過去分詞分別為sold, sold。What does the shop sell? 這家商店出售什么？【同根詞】 sale n. 銷售額on sale 打折for sale 出售These goods are entirely

24、unfit for sale. 這些貨物完全不宜銷售。這種橙賣得很好,已經(jīng)全部賣光了?！就卣埂縮ell既可以作及物動(dòng)詞，也可以作不及物動(dòng)詞。意為“賣得好”時(shí)，作不及物動(dòng)詞，用sell well表示；意為“賣光了”時(shí)，作及物動(dòng)詞，用sth. be sold out表示。The kind of oranges sells well. They have been sold out. 【應(yīng)用】( )Sorry, the shirts in your size have _. A. sold out B. sold up C. been sold outB【9】popular adj. be enjo

25、yed or liked by many people 受喜愛的；受歡迎的受喜愛的；受歡迎的 Her kindness made her popular. 她的友善使她備受歡迎?！就~】popularity n. 普及;流行;名氣He gained popularity among his students. 他贏得了學(xué)生們的喜愛。 【拓展】be popular with / among 受的歡迎Most people would like to be popular with/among others. 大部分的人都想受到他人的歡迎?！緫?yīng)用】(1) ( )Apples products a

26、re popular _ young people. A. inB. withC. for(2) Her books have grown in _(popular) recently. Bpopularity【10】(be) unaware of=doesnt know, doesnt realize 沒意識(shí)到；未察覺沒意識(shí)到；未察覺He was unaware of my presence.=He was unaware that I was present.他不知道我在場(chǎng)。 【拓展】be aware of意識(shí)到；察覺Are you aware of the time? =Do you k

27、now the time?你知道是什么時(shí)候了嗎?【應(yīng)用】( )He is unaware of the importance of study. (選出可以替換畫線部分的最佳選項(xiàng))A. knows B. doesnt realize C. pays attention toB【11】in addition=besides=whats more 除除以外以外（還）（還）I met some friends and other people in addition. 我遇到了幾位朋友，還遇到了其他人?！就卣埂?1) in addition=besides=whats more 此外；而且 In a

28、ddition, you can share your files with others.=Besides, you can share your files with others.=Whats more, you can share your files with others. 此外，你還可以和其他人共享你的文件。(2) in addition to意為“除了之外”，后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。In addition to giving me some advice, he gave me some money. 他不僅給我提了一些忠告，還給了我一些錢。(3) A+in addition to+

29、B作主語時(shí)，謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)形式與A保持一致。The professor in addition to his assistants is going to attend the meeting this weekend. 這個(gè)周末教授和他的助手們將參加會(huì)議?！緫?yīng)用】(1) ( )We saw a cartoon in addition to a film. (選出可以替換畫線部分的最佳選項(xiàng)) A. exceptB. butC. besides(2) ( )In addition, we should plant more trees to protect the environment. (選出

30、可以替換畫線部分的最佳選項(xiàng)) A. Beside B. More or less C. Whats more CC【12】look forward to=expect=live for （后接名詞或（后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞）盼望；期待動(dòng)名詞）盼望；期待I am looking forward to the trip to America. 我正期待著這次美國之行?！緫?yīng)用】I look forward to _ (meet) you at the airport.meeting【13】be better thanat比比更擅長(zhǎng)更擅長(zhǎng)be good at意為“擅長(zhǎng)”，be better thanat意為

31、“比更擅長(zhǎng)”，at后面接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。He is better than me at swimming. 游泳方面他比我更擅長(zhǎng)。【拓展】be good at的近義詞組為do well in, be better at的近義詞組則為do better in。Do you believe that only boys do well in science? 您認(rèn)為只有男孩才能在科學(xué)上有所建樹嗎？【應(yīng)用】( )Are you good at _? No, Im good at _. A. write; chess B. writing; chess C. writing; singB語語 法法 聚聚

32、 焦焦【語法精講語法精講】有關(guān)形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)的用法有關(guān)形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)的用法1. 形容詞和副詞的三級(jí)用法形容詞和副詞的三級(jí)用法（1）原級(jí): as+形容詞或副詞的原級(jí)+as， 意為“和一樣”; 否定用 not as/soas。The room is as big as mine. 這個(gè)房間和我的（房間）一樣大。He doesnt run as/so fast as me.他沒有我跑得快。（2）比較級(jí)比較級(jí)的明顯標(biāo)志有than, A or B等。He is younger than me. 他比我年輕。Who is taller, your father or your

33、uncle? 你爸爸和你叔叔誰更高?a bit, a little, much, far, many, a lot, a great deal, any, even等詞可以用來修飾比較級(jí)。He did much better than his elder brother. 他比他的哥哥做得好得多。Mike is tall, and Mark is even taller than him.邁克很高，而馬克甚至比他更高。比較級(jí)+比較級(jí),意為“越來越”。His family becomes richer and richer. 他家變得越來越富有。 The garden is more and m

34、ore beautiful. 這個(gè)花園越來越漂亮了?！皌he+比較級(jí)+主語+謂語, the+比較級(jí)+主語+謂語”意為“越，越”。 The more money you make, the more you spend. 你錢賺得越多,就花得越多。（3）最高級(jí)最高級(jí)的明顯標(biāo)志有of the three (four, five), of all, in the class（family, country）, A, B or C等。形容詞的最高級(jí)前面通常要加定冠詞the，而副詞可以不加the。I am the thinnest of the three. 我是三個(gè)人中最瘦的。Who is the y

35、oungest, you, he or she? 你,他和她中,誰最小?“one of+the+最高級(jí)+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“在中最之一”。Jack is one of the best students in our class. 杰克是我們班最好的學(xué)生之一?！皌he+序數(shù)詞+形容詞最高級(jí)” 表示在某個(gè)范圍內(nèi)的第幾位。The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 黃河是中國第二長(zhǎng)河。2. 形容詞和副詞比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)的形式變化（1）規(guī)則變化：?jiǎn)我艄?jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞,在詞尾加-er 或-est。大部分雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞,在其前面

36、加 more 或 most。（2）一些常見的形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的不規(guī)則變化： good/wellbetter(the) bestbad/illworse(the) worstmany/muchmore(the) mostlittleless(the) leastoldolder/elder(the) oldest/eldestfarfarther/further(the) farthest/furthest 3. 形容詞和副詞等級(jí)間的互相轉(zhuǎn)換形容詞和副詞等級(jí)間的互相轉(zhuǎn)換（1）比較級(jí)換成原級(jí)This story is more interesting than that one. Th

37、at story is not as/so interesting as this one.這個(gè)故事比那個(gè)故事更有趣。（2）最高級(jí)換成比較級(jí) He runs fastest in our class. He runs faster than any other student in our class. He runs faster than the other students in our class.他在我們班跑得最快。（3）表示倍數(shù)的用法The room is three times as large as that one. The room is three times the s

38、ize of that one. The room is twice larger than that one.這間房是那間房的三倍大。4. 形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)用法的誤區(qū)形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)用法的誤區(qū)（1）比較對(duì)象非同類。 錯(cuò)誤：Your classroom is smaller than us. 正確：Your classroom is smaller than ours. (ours=our classroom) 你們的教室比我們的小。（2）比較對(duì)象相包含。錯(cuò)誤：China is larger than any country in Asia. 正確：China is larger th

39、an any other country in Asia. 中國比亞洲任何(其他)一個(gè)國家都大。（3）比較級(jí)前一般不能用定冠詞the, 但如果比較級(jí)后面有名詞則要用the。Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia?=Which country is larger, Canada or Australia?加拿大和澳大利亞哪個(gè)國家大?Jenny is the cleverer of the two girls.=Jenny is the cleverer girl of the two.珍妮是兩位女孩中更聰明的一位。【直擊中考直擊中考】(

40、)1. Emma looked after her pet dog _ of all her friends. (2015廣州)A. careful B. most careful C. more carefully D. the most carefully( )2. Bob knows how to cut the cost of the project. Im sure he can do the work with _ money and _ people. (2015廣東) A. less; less B. fewer; more C. more; fewer D. less; fe

41、werDD( )3. Ive heard that Zhuhai Chimelong Ocean Kingdom is one of _ ocean parks in Asia. (2014廣東)A. very large B. the larger C. much larger D. the largest( )4. The scarves are all beautiful. I cant decide which one to choose. Oh, look at this red one. I think its _ . (2015江西)A. beautiful B. more be

42、autiful C. the most beautiful D. less beautifulDC( )5. The stuntman is planning to walk on the wings of a flying plane. What?! Ive never heard of _ idea before. (2015無錫)A. a crazier B. the crazier C. a craziest D. the craziest( )6. The prices of the houses at the moment are still very _ . (2015武威) A

43、. high B. expensive C. higher D. more expensiveAA【寫作樂園寫作樂園】話題三話題三 談?wù)撝悄苁謾C(jī)談?wù)撝悄苁謾C(jī)【常用詞組常用詞組】1. make telephone calls打電話2. listen to music聽音樂3. watch videos看視頻4. play games玩游戲5. useto do 使用做6. surf the Internet上網(wǎng)7. more and more popular越來越普及 8. more and more convenient越來越方便【精彩句型精彩句型】1. It is becoming more

44、 and more popular now. 現(xiàn)在它變得越來越受歡迎。2. It is smaller than computer.它比電腦小。3. We can also use it to surf the Internet.我們也可以用它來上網(wǎng)。4. It makes our life more and more convenient. 它讓我們的生活越來越方便。5. They are very important and useful in our daily life.它們?cè)谖覀兊娜粘Ｉ钪蟹浅Ｖ匾矣杏?。【短文寫作短文寫作】智能手機(jī)（smart phones）越來越受歡迎，請(qǐng)根據(jù)下

45、面的內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)寫一篇短文，介紹智能手機(jī)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。內(nèi)容包括：1.可以打電話，聽音樂，看視頻，玩游戲等； 2. 體積比電腦小， 但還可以上網(wǎng)；3.價(jià)格比以前便宜很多；4.它讓我們的生活越來越方便。要求：語意連貫，條理清晰，不少于70詞。_【寫作指導(dǎo)寫作指導(dǎo)】此篇作文是提綱式說明文體裁，主要內(nèi)容是向人們介紹智能手機(jī)的功能和優(yōu)點(diǎn)。 在寫作過程中要明確以下幾點(diǎn)： (1)緊緊圍繞主題展開敘述，確定時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。(2)陳述所有要求的要點(diǎn)和信息，并適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，可使用舉例法和羅列法展開說明。(3)說明文寫作要注意事實(shí)正確，表達(dá)清晰，層次分明，要適當(dāng)運(yùn)用關(guān)聯(lián)詞及長(zhǎng)短句?！痉段馁p析范文賞析】 Smart phones

46、 are very important in our daily life and they are becoming more and more popular now. They are very useful. We can use them to make telephone calls, listen to music, watch videos, play games and so on. They are smaller than computers, but we can also use them to surf the Internet. They are much cheaper than before, so many people can buy them. Smart phones are a great invention. They make our life more and more convenient.