版高考英語二輪 三輪復(fù)習(xí) 模塊2 完形填空課件 新課標(biāo)通版
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1、 專題一 記敘文型完形填空 專題二 夾敘夾議型完形填空 專題三 議論文型完形填空 專題四 說明文型完形填空 模塊模塊2 2 完形填空完形填空模塊模塊 2 2完形填空完形填空考綱解讀模塊模塊 2 2 考綱解讀考綱解讀 完形填空是一種綜合測(cè)試,涉及的知識(shí)面很廣,是用來測(cè)試考完形填空是一種綜合測(cè)試,涉及的知識(shí)面很廣,是用來測(cè)試考生的閱讀理解能力和綜合應(yīng)用語言的能力。近幾年新課標(biāo)區(qū)高考英語生的閱讀理解能力和綜合應(yīng)用語言的能力。近幾年新課標(biāo)區(qū)高考英語完形填空題遵循了完形填空題遵循了“突出語篇,強(qiáng)調(diào)應(yīng)用,注重實(shí)際突出語篇,強(qiáng)調(diào)應(yīng)用,注重實(shí)際”的設(shè)題思路,的設(shè)題思路,遵循了遵循了“以實(shí)詞為主,虛詞為輔,突出
2、詞匯語境化以實(shí)詞為主,虛詞為輔,突出詞匯語境化”的命題原則。注的命題原則。注重考查考生在閱讀理解的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)英語語言綜合運(yùn)用能力和對(duì)英語基重考查考生在閱讀理解的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)英語語言綜合運(yùn)用能力和對(duì)英語基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)的掌握水平,注重文章內(nèi)容的生活化,語言的交際性,旨在檢礎(chǔ)知識(shí)的掌握水平,注重文章內(nèi)容的生活化,語言的交際性,旨在檢測(cè)考生在語篇中靈活運(yùn)用語言知識(shí)的能力,要求考生通讀全文,掌握測(cè)考生在語篇中靈活運(yùn)用語言知識(shí)的能力,要求考生通讀全文,掌握文章大意,運(yùn)用詞匯、語法等知識(shí),選擇最佳答案,使文章意思暢通,文章大意,運(yùn)用詞匯、語法等知識(shí),選擇最佳答案,使文章意思暢通,結(jié)構(gòu)完整。結(jié)構(gòu)完整。命題分析模塊模塊 2
3、 2 命題分析命題分析 在選材上主要以記敘文、夾敘夾議型的文章為主,在選材上主要以記敘文、夾敘夾議型的文章為主,伴之以說明文和議論文。所選材料源于生活,時(shí)代感強(qiáng),伴之以說明文和議論文。所選材料源于生活,時(shí)代感強(qiáng),語言地道,內(nèi)容健康,情節(jié)豐富,寓意深刻,常涉及人語言地道,內(nèi)容健康,情節(jié)豐富,寓意深刻,常涉及人物的心理活動(dòng)描寫,集知識(shí)、文化、教育和娛樂為一體,物的心理活動(dòng)描寫,集知識(shí)、文化、教育和娛樂為一體,具有極強(qiáng)的可讀性。詞數(shù)大多在具有極強(qiáng)的可讀性。詞數(shù)大多在250300250300之間,難度低之間,難度低于閱讀理解部分的文段。其具體的特點(diǎn)有:于閱讀理解部分的文段。其具體的特點(diǎn)有:模塊模塊 2
4、 2 命題分析命題分析 1 1情節(jié)完整,語境性強(qiáng)情節(jié)完整,語境性強(qiáng) 盡管文章有意挖去了一些詞或短語,使信息鏈中斷,盡管文章有意挖去了一些詞或短語,使信息鏈中斷,造成間隔性的語義空白,但仍不失為一篇表達(dá)完整的文章。造成間隔性的語義空白,但仍不失為一篇表達(dá)完整的文章。完形填空題一般為記敘文、說明文和夾敘夾議的文章。記完形填空題一般為記敘文、說明文和夾敘夾議的文章。記敘文具有很強(qiáng)的故事性,故事情節(jié)涉及時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、敘文具有很強(qiáng)的故事性,故事情節(jié)涉及時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、過程、結(jié)局等基本要素。說明文一般開篇點(diǎn)題,段落之間過程、結(jié)局等基本要素。說明文一般開篇點(diǎn)題,段落之間承上啟下,過渡自然連貫。無論哪種
5、體裁,都提供完整的承上啟下,過渡自然連貫。無論哪種體裁,都提供完整的語篇信息。此外,語篇信息。此外,“詞不離句,句不離文詞不離句,句不離文”是完形填空最是完形填空最突出的一個(gè)特點(diǎn)。突出的一個(gè)特點(diǎn)。模塊模塊 2 2 命題分析命題分析 2 2以意義填空為主以意義填空為主 試題在著重考查學(xué)生閱讀理解能力的前提下,兼顧對(duì)試題在著重考查學(xué)生閱讀理解能力的前提下,兼顧對(duì)語言知識(shí)、常識(shí)、邏輯推理能力的考查。所設(shè)選項(xiàng)符合語語言知識(shí)、常識(shí)、邏輯推理能力的考查。所設(shè)選項(xiàng)符合語言規(guī)范,且選項(xiàng)一般為同一詞類或同一范疇。考查以實(shí)詞言規(guī)范,且選項(xiàng)一般為同一詞類或同一范疇??疾橐詫?shí)詞( (動(dòng)詞、名詞、形容詞或副詞等動(dòng)詞、名
6、詞、形容詞或副詞等) )為主,以虛詞為主,以虛詞( (介詞、連介詞、連詞、冠詞等詞、冠詞等) )為輔。為輔。模塊模塊 2 2 命題分析命題分析 3 3邏輯推理性越強(qiáng)邏輯推理性越強(qiáng) 近年來,完形填空越來越側(cè)重考查學(xué)生根據(jù)上下文近年來,完形填空越來越側(cè)重考查學(xué)生根據(jù)上下文所提供的信息進(jìn)行語言邏輯推理判斷的能力。每個(gè)題目所提供的信息進(jìn)行語言邏輯推理判斷的能力。每個(gè)題目所提供的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有一個(gè)是目標(biāo)項(xiàng),其他均為干擾所提供的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有一個(gè)是目標(biāo)項(xiàng),其他均為干擾項(xiàng)。這要求學(xué)生不僅要捕捉上下文乃至全文的信息,而項(xiàng)。這要求學(xué)生不僅要捕捉上下文乃至全文的信息,而且要按照事情發(fā)展的規(guī)律、前因后果等進(jìn)行綜合分
7、析判且要按照事情發(fā)展的規(guī)律、前因后果等進(jìn)行綜合分析判斷,推斷正確的答案。斷,推斷正確的答案。模塊模塊 2 2 命題分析命題分析 4 4融入常識(shí)背景考查融入常識(shí)背景考查 有些題目的設(shè)置無論從詞匯、語法、慣用法還是語有些題目的設(shè)置無論從詞匯、語法、慣用法還是語境方面都可行,這種情況下,就需要學(xué)生借助于常識(shí)或境方面都可行,這種情況下,就需要學(xué)生借助于常識(shí)或某些背景知識(shí)來解決問題。我們不僅要熟練掌握所學(xué)知某些背景知識(shí)來解決問題。我們不僅要熟練掌握所學(xué)知識(shí),具有一定的邊緣學(xué)科知識(shí),還要了解英語文化和風(fēng)識(shí),具有一定的邊緣學(xué)科知識(shí),還要了解英語文化和風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣等,養(yǎng)成跨文化思維意識(shí)。俗習(xí)慣等,養(yǎng)成跨文化思維意
8、識(shí)。應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛模塊模塊 2 2 應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛 一、唱好三部曲,挑戰(zhàn)零失誤一、唱好三部曲,挑戰(zhàn)零失誤 1.速讀全文,掌握大意速讀全文,掌握大意 理解全文是高分突破完形填空的基礎(chǔ)。速讀全文要一理解全文是高分突破完形填空的基礎(chǔ)。速讀全文要一氣呵成,盡管有空格、生詞或不明白的地方,仍要快速讀氣呵成,盡管有空格、生詞或不明白的地方,仍要快速讀下去。讀時(shí)要注意找出關(guān)鍵詞、中心詞,畫出某些代表人下去。讀時(shí)要注意找出關(guān)鍵詞、中心詞,畫出某些代表人物和情節(jié)的詞,以便形成思路。一定不能在未掌握大意的物和情節(jié)的詞,以便形成思路。一定不能在未掌握大意的基礎(chǔ)上邊閱讀,邊做題,否則就會(huì)事倍功半。基礎(chǔ)上邊閱讀,邊做題,否
9、則就會(huì)事倍功半。模塊模塊 2 2 應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛 2 2瞻前顧后,先易后難瞻前顧后,先易后難 先讀所填詞的句子,回顧上一句,兼顧下一句。如果先讀所填詞的句子,回顧上一句,兼顧下一句。如果一句中有兩個(gè)空格,在初定答案時(shí)要一句中有兩個(gè)空格,在初定答案時(shí)要“雙管齊下雙管齊下”,在兩,在兩處同時(shí)試填,然后通讀全句,確定答案。遇到少數(shù)沒有把處同時(shí)試填,然后通讀全句,確定答案。遇到少數(shù)沒有把握的選項(xiàng)時(shí),可暫時(shí)跳過空格,順著原來的思路繼續(xù)進(jìn)行,握的選項(xiàng)時(shí),可暫時(shí)跳過空格,順著原來的思路繼續(xù)進(jìn)行,等到大部分答案選出后,借助已經(jīng)補(bǔ)全的信息,進(jìn)一步加等到大部分答案選出后,借助已經(jīng)補(bǔ)全的信息,進(jìn)一步加深對(duì)文章的理
10、解,再回過頭來推敲剩余的選項(xiàng),就會(huì)有柳深對(duì)文章的理解,再回過頭來推敲剩余的選項(xiàng),就會(huì)有柳暗花明的感覺。暗花明的感覺。模塊模塊 2 2 應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛 3 3通讀全文,調(diào)整答案通讀全文,調(diào)整答案 最后,把填好的短文通讀一遍,進(jìn)行核查,看看所選最后,把填好的短文通讀一遍,進(jìn)行核查,看看所選的答案是否能使上下文的答案是否能使上下文( (段與段、句與句之間的銜接段與段、句與句之間的銜接) )連貫,連貫,是否合乎邏輯,同時(shí)還要從語法、詞匯、慣用法、常識(shí)甚是否合乎邏輯,同時(shí)還要從語法、詞匯、慣用法、常識(shí)甚至是語感等方面考慮驗(yàn)證,特別要對(duì)第一次沒有把握的選至是語感等方面考慮驗(yàn)證,特別要對(duì)第一次沒有把握的選
11、項(xiàng)進(jìn)行推敲,以便準(zhǔn)確敲定答案。項(xiàng)進(jìn)行推敲,以便準(zhǔn)確敲定答案。模塊模塊 2 2 應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛 二、活用技巧,勝券在握二、活用技巧,勝券在握 1 1重視首句暗示,進(jìn)行猜測(cè)性推理判斷重視首句暗示,進(jìn)行猜測(cè)性推理判斷 完形填空題首句不設(shè)空,往往是全文的關(guān)鍵句,或完形填空題首句不設(shè)空,往往是全文的關(guān)鍵句,或者稱為主導(dǎo)句,因此,在做題時(shí),我們要充分利用完形者稱為主導(dǎo)句,因此,在做題時(shí),我們要充分利用完形填空題首句的提示作用,利用它為解題找到一個(gè)突破口,填空題首句的提示作用,利用它為解題找到一個(gè)突破口,從而展開思維。從而展開思維。 模塊模塊 2 2 應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛 【典例典例】 20102010廣東廣
12、東 Every country has its Every country has its own culture. Even though each country uses doors, own culture. Even though each country uses doors, doors may have _1_(practical) functions and doors may have _1_(practical) functions and purposes which lead to _2_ differences. purposes which lead to _2_
13、 differences. ( ()2. )2. A.nationalA.nationalB Bembarrassingembarrassing C Ccultural Dcultural Damazingamazing模塊模塊 2 2 應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛 【解析解析】 C C 文章開篇點(diǎn)題,從開頭總括句文章開篇點(diǎn)題,從開頭總括句Every Every country has its own culture.country has its own culture.可以看出,下面所舉的可以看出,下面所舉的例子是為證明這一主題句,由此可以輕松確定答案。例子是為證明這一主題句,由此可以輕松確定答案。
14、2 2熟悉語境分析,從上下文尋找線索熟悉語境分析,從上下文尋找線索 通讀全文,理順大意,根據(jù)上下文找出信息詞是做好通讀全文,理順大意,根據(jù)上下文找出信息詞是做好完形填空題的關(guān)鍵。近年高考試題逐漸擯棄單純的語法分完形填空題的關(guān)鍵。近年高考試題逐漸擯棄單純的語法分析考查,而越來越側(cè)重邏輯推理判斷。詞語在特定的語境析考查,而越來越側(cè)重邏輯推理判斷。詞語在特定的語境中所表達(dá)的隱含信息大都無法只憑字面或單從個(gè)別句子甚中所表達(dá)的隱含信息大都無法只憑字面或單從個(gè)別句子甚至若干句子的表面理解獲知。因此,只有借助于上下文乃至若干句子的表面理解獲知。因此,只有借助于上下文乃至全文語境的啟示或限定才能夠準(zhǔn)確做出判斷
15、。至全文語境的啟示或限定才能夠準(zhǔn)確做出判斷。模塊模塊 2 2 應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛 【典例典例】 20102010湖南湖南 Beans, and I walk the Beans, and I walk the trail frequently. Normally, Beans sniffs alongside trail frequently. Normally, Beans sniffs alongside the trail to follow the smell of a deer track or the trail to follow the smell of a deer track
16、 or _1_ some cause known only to him._1_ some cause known only to him. Since our adventure, I _2_(concluded)that Since our adventure, I _2_(concluded)that Beans probably knew all along how to get home. He Beans probably knew all along how to get home. He was just having too much fun exploring new tr
17、ails.was just having too much fun exploring new trails.( ()1. A.imagine B)1. A.imagine Bconsiderconsider C Cexplore Dexplore Dpresentpresent模塊模塊 2 2 應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛 【解析解析】 C C根據(jù)全文最后一句根據(jù)全文最后一句 “ “He was just He was just having too much fun exploring new trails.”having too much fun exploring new trails.”可判斷可
18、判斷選選C C。 3 3利用語法分析,搞定語法題利用語法分析,搞定語法題 完形填空題中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)一些較復(fù)雜的句式,給做題完形填空題中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)一些較復(fù)雜的句式,給做題帶來一些困難。雖然語法不再是考查的重點(diǎn),而且一再帶來一些困難。雖然語法不再是考查的重點(diǎn),而且一再被淡化,但偶爾還有語法分析題出現(xiàn)。此外,扎實(shí)的語被淡化,但偶爾還有語法分析題出現(xiàn)。此外,扎實(shí)的語法基礎(chǔ),較強(qiáng)的句子分析能力仍不失為做題的一件法寶。法基礎(chǔ),較強(qiáng)的句子分析能力仍不失為做題的一件法寶。模塊模塊 2 2 應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛 【典例典例】 20102010天津天津 Deeply touched by the Deeply touche
19、d by the boys words, Moody decided to create a boys words, Moody decided to create a foundation(foundation(基金會(huì)基金會(huì))that _1_(introduces) teenagers )that _1_(introduces) teenagers to the basics of fishing in camping programs. “As to the basics of fishing in camping programs. “As a policeman, I saw _2_
20、there was violence, drugs a policeman, I saw _2_ there was violence, drugs were always behind it. They have a damaging were always behind it. They have a damaging _3_(impact) on the kids_3_(impact) on the kids,” ” says Moody.says Moody.( ()2. A.where B)2. A.where Bunlessunless C Cas Das Dwhetherwhet
21、her模塊模塊 2 2 應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛 【解析解析】 A A本題考查本題考查wherewhere引導(dǎo)的地點(diǎn)狀語從句。引導(dǎo)的地點(diǎn)狀語從句。本句意為本句意為“在有暴力的地方,也總有毒品。在有暴力的地方,也總有毒品?!?4 4運(yùn)用常識(shí),簡(jiǎn)化分析過程運(yùn)用常識(shí),簡(jiǎn)化分析過程 完形填空題所選的文章大多是具有一定故事情節(jié)和完形填空題所選的文章大多是具有一定故事情節(jié)和教育意義的記敘文或敘議結(jié)合、富有哲理的文章,這些教育意義的記敘文或敘議結(jié)合、富有哲理的文章,這些語篇都非常貼近學(xué)生生活。做題時(shí),若能積極地調(diào)動(dòng)自語篇都非常貼近學(xué)生生活。做題時(shí),若能積極地調(diào)動(dòng)自己的文化背景知識(shí)和生活常識(shí),注意中西方文化方面存己的
22、文化背景知識(shí)和生活常識(shí),注意中西方文化方面存在的差異,將會(huì)大大簡(jiǎn)化復(fù)雜的分析與判斷過程,節(jié)省在的差異,將會(huì)大大簡(jiǎn)化復(fù)雜的分析與判斷過程,節(jié)省寶貴的時(shí)間,順理成章地選出正確的答案。寶貴的時(shí)間,順理成章地選出正確的答案。模塊模塊 2 2 應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛 【典例典例】 20102010湖北湖北 The passengers on the The passengers on the bus watched with sympathy as Susan made her way bus watched with sympathy as Susan made her way carefully up t
23、he steps. She paid the driver and carefully up the steps. She paid the driver and then, using her hands to _1_ the seats, then, using her hands to _1_ the seats, settled in one of them.settled in one of them.( ()1. A.touch B)1. A.touch Bgrab grab C Ccount Dcount Dfeelfeel模塊模塊 2 2 應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛 【解析解析】 D D
24、考查常識(shí)理解。考生要知道盲人考查常識(shí)理解。考生要知道盲人是看不見的,所有的動(dòng)作都是靠摸索的,據(jù)此可知是看不見的,所有的動(dòng)作都是靠摸索的,據(jù)此可知應(yīng)該選擇應(yīng)該選擇“feel(feel(摸索,感知摸索,感知)”)”,而不應(yīng)該是,而不應(yīng)該是“有有目的目的”地去地去“touch(touch(觸碰觸碰)”)”。模塊模塊 2 2 應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛 5 5注意英漢差異,克服思維定勢(shì)注意英漢差異,克服思維定勢(shì) 【典例典例】 It started sociallya few calls each It started sociallya few calls each day. It seemed fine, j
25、ust a quick chat. Gradually day. It seemed fine, just a quick chat. Gradually though, the situation got worse. Soon it was _1_ though, the situation got worse. Soon it was _1_ use, until, finally, addiction. use, until, finally, addiction. ( ()1. A.frequent B)1. A.frequent Bregular regular C Cunusua
26、l Dunusual Dparticularparticular模塊模塊 2 2 應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛 【解析解析】 A A如果僅憑漢語思維如果僅憑漢語思維“經(jīng)常用經(jīng)常用”電話,很電話,很容易誤選容易誤選B, regularB, regular雖然也有雖然也有“經(jīng)常的經(jīng)常的”的意思,但側(cè)重的意思,但側(cè)重指指“固定的,有規(guī)律的固定的,有規(guī)律的”,不是一個(gè)貶義詞。此處表示最,不是一個(gè)貶義詞。此處表示最后作者打電話上癮之前,打電話是一種后作者打電話上癮之前,打電話是一種“頻繁的頻繁的”行為,行為,含有貶義,因此用含有貶義,因此用“frequent(frequent(頻繁的頻繁的)”)”,表示行為,表示行
27、為“過過火火”,答案為,答案為A A。模塊模塊 2 2 應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛 6 6巧用排除方法,縮小選擇范圍巧用排除方法,縮小選擇范圍 解答完形填空題需要考生進(jìn)行認(rèn)真的閱讀、理解、推解答完形填空題需要考生進(jìn)行認(rèn)真的閱讀、理解、推理和判斷,需要對(duì)四個(gè)選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行仔細(xì)的辨別、分析,從而理和判斷,需要對(duì)四個(gè)選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行仔細(xì)的辨別、分析,從而去偽存真。有時(shí)我們會(huì)遇到這樣的情況,對(duì)某個(gè)題目的正去偽存真。有時(shí)我們會(huì)遇到這樣的情況,對(duì)某個(gè)題目的正確選項(xiàng)的含義、用法不甚明白,確選項(xiàng)的含義、用法不甚明白, 但發(fā)現(xiàn)其他選項(xiàng)有顯而易但發(fā)現(xiàn)其他選項(xiàng)有顯而易見的謬誤。這時(shí),我們可以嘗試著用排除法。所謂排除法見的謬誤。這時(shí),我們可
28、以嘗試著用排除法。所謂排除法就是將干擾項(xiàng)逐項(xiàng)檢查、驗(yàn)證,發(fā)現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤的選項(xiàng)立即剔除。就是將干擾項(xiàng)逐項(xiàng)檢查、驗(yàn)證,發(fā)現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤的選項(xiàng)立即剔除。隨著選擇范圍的縮小,選中正確選項(xiàng)的幾率就會(huì)逐漸增大。隨著選擇范圍的縮小,選中正確選項(xiàng)的幾率就會(huì)逐漸增大。排除法如果運(yùn)用得好,可以大大節(jié)省時(shí)間和精力。排除法如果運(yùn)用得好,可以大大節(jié)省時(shí)間和精力。模塊模塊 2 2 應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛 【典例典例】 20092009重慶重慶 For two days he was For two days he was _1_ by his mother. As he rested more, his _1_ by his mother.
29、 As he rested more, his defense strengthened and I began to feel the defense strengthened and I began to feel the _2_ (pressure)_2_ (pressure)( ()1. A.protected B)1. A.protected Bnursednursed C CscoldedscoldedD Daffectedaffected 【解析解析】 B B可以用排除法來解答此題。前面提到可以用排除法來解答此題。前面提到這個(gè)男孩患了感冒,可以判斷這個(gè)男孩患了感冒,可以判斷A A
30、、C C和和D D項(xiàng)都不符合語境項(xiàng)都不符合語境要求,只有要求,只有B B項(xiàng)項(xiàng)( (得到母親的照顧得到母親的照顧) )才符合情理。才符合情理。模塊模塊 2 2 應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛 7 7注意熟詞新意,輕松化難為易注意熟詞新意,輕松化難為易 考試說明考試說明中的詞匯表是命題人的主要依據(jù),而這中的詞匯表是命題人的主要依據(jù),而這個(gè)詞匯表只提供了英語單詞或短語的拼寫形式,未有詞性個(gè)詞匯表只提供了英語單詞或短語的拼寫形式,未有詞性和詞義。這就給命題人提供了廣闊的活動(dòng)空間,給他們減和詞義。這就給命題人提供了廣闊的活動(dòng)空間,給他們減少了很多限制,卻給考生增加了幾倍的難度。因?yàn)橛⒄Z中少了很多限制,卻給考生增加了幾
31、倍的難度。因?yàn)橛⒄Z中的一詞多義、多性現(xiàn)象是普遍存在的。從這三年的高考題的一詞多義、多性現(xiàn)象是普遍存在的。從這三年的高考題來看,熟詞僻意現(xiàn)象的增多,無形中大大增加了試題的難來看,熟詞僻意現(xiàn)象的增多,無形中大大增加了試題的難度,這也是考生失分的重要原因。度,這也是考生失分的重要原因。 模塊模塊 2 2 應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛 【典例典例】 ( () ) 20092009廣東廣東 Nobel arranged Nobel arranged in his _1_ to give the largest part of his in his _1_ to give the largest part of hi
32、s money to _2_(establish) the Nobel prizesmoney to _2_(establish) the Nobel prizes,which would be awarded to people who madewhich would be awarded to people who made( ()1. A.book B)1. A.book Barticlearticle C Cwill Dwill Dcontractcontract模塊模塊 2 2 應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛 【解析解析】 C C考查語境化選詞。由本段最后一句考查語境化選詞。由本段最后一句Nobe
33、l had to die before he realizedNobel had to die before he realized可知,是在可知,是在“遺囑遺囑(will)”(will)”中作的安排。中作的安排。book“book“書書”;article“article“文章文章”;contract“contract“合同合同”。在此題中。在此題中willwill不是我們所熟悉的意思不是我們所熟悉的意思“意志,意志, 決心,決心, 愿望;將愿望;將要要”,而是,而是“遺囑遺囑”。模塊模塊 2 2 應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛 8 8重視語篇通讀,多角度的邏輯推理重視語篇通讀,多角度的邏輯推理 完形填空題
34、的解題過程首先是一個(gè)閱讀的過程,完形填空題的解題過程首先是一個(gè)閱讀的過程,必須把握作者的思路,通過聯(lián)想、推測(cè)等方法,多必須把握作者的思路,通過聯(lián)想、推測(cè)等方法,多換角度去思考問題,使自己的思維模式與作者的思換角度去思考問題,使自己的思維模式與作者的思維模式相吻合。維模式相吻合。模塊模塊 2 2 應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛 【典例典例】 My fathers unemployment created many My fathers unemployment created many changes in our lives. For starters, he was home all changes in
35、 our lives. For starters, he was home all the timethe time,I would come home every day to find him I would come home every day to find him at the computer _1_ jobs. I began to notice how at the computer _1_ jobs. I began to notice how down he seemed, though he tried to be _2_. For down he seemed, th
36、ough he tried to be _2_. For the first time, I saw my dad as vulnerable. I the first time, I saw my dad as vulnerable. I gave up my _3_gave up my _3_, which even though it wasnt which even though it wasnt much, but I felt like the right thing to do. I also much, but I felt like the right thing to do
37、. I also found a found a parttimeparttime job. job. After several difficult months of searching After several difficult months of searching,my my dad decided to go in a totally different direction.dad decided to go in a totally different direction.模塊模塊 2 2 應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛 ( ()1. )1. A.answeringA.answering
38、for forB Bwaiting forwaiting for C Csearching for Dsearching for Dhoping for hoping for ( ()2. )2. A.athleticA.athletic B Boptimisticoptimistic C Cauthentic Dauthentic Dbureaucraticbureaucratic ( ()3. )3. A.allowanceA.allowance B Bcircumstancecircumstance C Cguidance Dguidance Dinsurance insurance 模
39、塊模塊 2 2 應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛 【解析解析】 1 1C C語境化選詞。語境化選詞。search for“search for“尋找尋找”。失業(yè)了,所以應(yīng)該是在。失業(yè)了,所以應(yīng)該是在找工作。找工作。wait for (wait for (等候,等待等候,等待) )干擾性最大;干擾性最大;answer for answer for 對(duì)對(duì)負(fù)責(zé)。負(fù)責(zé)。下文下文“After several difficult months of searchingAfter several difficult months of searching,”也有暗示。也有暗示。 2 2B B語境化選詞。前文告訴我們,父親很
40、失望,語境化選詞。前文告訴我們,父親很失望,how down he how down he seemedseemed,連詞,連詞thoughthough表示轉(zhuǎn)折,所以應(yīng)選表示轉(zhuǎn)折,所以應(yīng)選optimisticoptimistic。句意為:盡管父。句意為:盡管父親盡量裝作很樂觀,但是我開始注意到他是多么失落。親盡量裝作很樂觀,但是我開始注意到他是多么失落。athleticathletic健壯的;健壯的;authenticauthentic真正的;真正的;bureaucraticbureaucratic官僚的。官僚的。 3 3A A語境化選詞。語境化選詞。allowance allowance 零
41、用錢。因?yàn)楦赣H失業(yè)了,所以我零用錢。因?yàn)楦赣H失業(yè)了,所以我就放棄了零花錢,以減輕父親的負(fù)擔(dān)。就放棄了零花錢,以減輕父親的負(fù)擔(dān)。circumstancecircumstance條件;條件;guidanceguidance指指導(dǎo);導(dǎo);insurance insurance 保險(xiǎn)。保險(xiǎn)。題型探究模塊模塊 2 2 題型探究題型探究 詞匯是完形填空試題的最大考點(diǎn),主要凸顯實(shí)詞詞義詞匯是完形填空試題的最大考點(diǎn),主要凸顯實(shí)詞詞義辨析的考查,如名詞、形容詞、動(dòng)詞、副詞等,而且設(shè)置辨析的考查,如名詞、形容詞、動(dòng)詞、副詞等,而且設(shè)置的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)常常是同一詞性。如果說單項(xiàng)填空中的詞匯辨的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)常常是同一詞性。如果說
42、單項(xiàng)填空中的詞匯辨析題是僅僅立足于獨(dú)立的析題是僅僅立足于獨(dú)立的“語句語句”的考查,那么完形填空的考查,那么完形填空題中的詞匯辨析題則是完全依托于豐富的題中的詞匯辨析題則是完全依托于豐富的“語篇語篇”的考查。的考查。從這個(gè)角度上講,完形填空命題的設(shè)置其實(shí)是單項(xiàng)填空試從這個(gè)角度上講,完形填空命題的設(shè)置其實(shí)是單項(xiàng)填空試題的拓展和升華,因此其難度也可想而知。解題時(shí)要注意題的拓展和升華,因此其難度也可想而知。解題時(shí)要注意在特定的語境中區(qū)分幾種實(shí)詞的語義差別。在特定的語境中區(qū)分幾種實(shí)詞的語義差別。 探究點(diǎn)一詞匯辨析型探究點(diǎn)一詞匯辨析型模塊模塊 2 2 題型探究題型探究 【典例典例】 20102010浙江浙
43、江 Years later, when I Years later, when I stood in the kitchen of my new house, thinking stood in the kitchen of my new house, thinking how I wanted to make my _1_ Christmas there how I wanted to make my _1_ Christmas there special and memorable, I _2_ remembered the special and memorable, I _2_ rem
44、embered the womens visit. I decided that I wanted to womens visit. I decided that I wanted to create that same feeling of _3_ for as many create that same feeling of _3_ for as many children as I could possibly reach. children as I could possibly reach. 模塊模塊 2 2 題型探究題型探究 So I _4_ a plan and gathered
45、 forty people from my company So I _4_ a plan and gathered forty people from my company to help. We gathered about 125 orphans (to help. We gathered about 125 orphans (孤兒孤兒) at the Christmas ) at the Christmas party. For every child, we wrapped colorful packages filled with party. For every child, w
46、e wrapped colorful packages filled with toys, clothes, and school supplies, _5_ with a childs name. toys, clothes, and school supplies, _5_ with a childs name. We wanted all of them to know they were _6_. Before I called We wanted all of them to know they were _6_. Before I called out their names an
47、d handed them their gifts, I _7_ them that out their names and handed them their gifts, I _7_ them that they couldnt open their presents _8_ every child had come they couldnt open their presents _8_ every child had come forward. Finally, the _9_ they had been waiting for came as I forward. Finally,
48、the _9_ they had been waiting for came as I called out, “One, two, three. Open your presentscalled out, “One, two, three. Open your presents!” ” As the As the children opened their packages, their faces beamed and their children opened their packages, their faces beamed and their bright smiles _10_
49、up the room. bright smiles _10_ up the room. 模塊模塊 2 2 題型探究題型探究 ( ()1.A.present)1.A.presentB Bfirstfirst C Crecent Drecent Dpreviousprevious ( ()2.A.hardly B)2.A.hardly Binstantly instantly C Cregularly Dregularly Doccasionally occasionally ( ()3.A.strength B)3.A.strength Bindependenceindependence C
50、Cimportance Dimportance Dsafetysafety ( ()4.A.kept up with B)4.A.kept up with Bcaught up withcaught up with C Ccame up with Dcame up with Dput up with put up with ( ()5.A.none B)5.A.none Bfewfew C Csome Dsome Deach each 模塊模塊 2 2 題型探究題型探究 ( ()6.A.fine B)6.A.fine Bspecial special C Chelpful Dhelpful D
51、normal normal ( ()7.A.reminded B)7.A.reminded Bguaranteed guaranteed C Cconvinced Dconvinced Dpromisedpromised ( ()8.A.after B)8.A.after Buntiluntil C Cwhen Dwhen Dsincesince ( ()9.A.chance B)9.A.chance Bgift gift C Cmoment Dmoment Drewardreward ( ()10.A.lit B)10.A.lit Btooktook C Cburned Dburned Dc
52、heeredcheered模塊模塊 2 2 題型探究題型探究 【解析解析】 本文是一篇夾敘夾議的文章,主要講述了貧本文是一篇夾敘夾議的文章,主要講述了貧窮孩子因圣誕禮物而引發(fā)的特殊情感體驗(yàn),從而關(guān)注弱勢(shì)窮孩子因圣誕禮物而引發(fā)的特殊情感體驗(yàn),從而關(guān)注弱勢(shì)群體,歌頌互相關(guān)愛的人性之美。本文的命題選項(xiàng)典型地群體,歌頌互相關(guān)愛的人性之美。本文的命題選項(xiàng)典型地體現(xiàn)了詞匯辨析的特點(diǎn)。體現(xiàn)了詞匯辨析的特點(diǎn)。 1 1B B考查形容詞辨析。聯(lián)系上下文,提到是考查形容詞辨析。聯(lián)系上下文,提到是new new househouse,肯定選擇,肯定選擇firstfirst,西方人對(duì)于圣誕節(jié)很重視,是一,西方人對(duì)于圣誕
53、節(jié)很重視,是一家人團(tuán)圓的日子,所以此時(shí)表達(dá)重要性,作者想讓自己在家人團(tuán)圓的日子,所以此時(shí)表達(dá)重要性,作者想讓自己在新家過的第一個(gè)圣誕節(jié)特別且有紀(jì)念意義。新家過的第一個(gè)圣誕節(jié)特別且有紀(jì)念意義。 2 2B B考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思,聯(lián)系上考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思,聯(lián)系上下文,可了解當(dāng)時(shí)作者那種激動(dòng)的心情,所以應(yīng)該是立刻下文,可了解當(dāng)時(shí)作者那種激動(dòng)的心情,所以應(yīng)該是立刻就想到了那件讓她難忘的事情。就想到了那件讓她難忘的事情。模塊模塊 2 2 題型探究題型探究 3 3C C考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)第一段中描述那次圣誕節(jié)考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)第一段中描述那次圣誕節(jié)禮物給我的感慨,和作者此刻的心情
54、可知,作者當(dāng)時(shí)感覺禮物給我的感慨,和作者此刻的心情可知,作者當(dāng)時(shí)感覺自己很重要,故也想把這種感覺傳遞給更多的孩子們。自己很重要,故也想把這種感覺傳遞給更多的孩子們。 4 4C C考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。從上一段的可以推斷,是考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。從上一段的可以推斷,是作者提出了作者提出了(came up with)(came up with)一個(gè)計(jì)劃。一個(gè)計(jì)劃。 5 5D D考查不定代詞辨析。根據(jù)作者的想法,應(yīng)該是考查不定代詞辨析。根據(jù)作者的想法,應(yīng)該是每個(gè)人都有自己的圣誕節(jié)禮物,所以選擇每個(gè)人每個(gè)人都有自己的圣誕節(jié)禮物,所以選擇每個(gè)人(each)(each)。 6 6B B考查形容詞辨析。每個(gè)人都有屬
55、于自己的禮物,考查形容詞辨析。每個(gè)人都有屬于自己的禮物,而且不是固定的,所以作者的意思是給孩子們啟示:每個(gè)而且不是固定的,所以作者的意思是給孩子們啟示:每個(gè)人都是獨(dú)一無二的。人都是獨(dú)一無二的。模塊模塊 2 2 題型探究題型探究 7 7A A考查動(dòng)詞辨析。從下文的考查動(dòng)詞辨析。從下文的“One, two, three. One, two, three. Open your presentsOpen your presents!”可知,此時(shí)在分發(fā)禮物時(shí),我提可知,此時(shí)在分發(fā)禮物時(shí),我提醒他們開始不要打開禮物。醒他們開始不要打開禮物。 8 8B B考查連詞辨析??疾檫B詞辨析。notnotuntilu
56、ntil直到直到才。才。 9 9C C考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下文的意思,此處表達(dá)大考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下文的意思,此處表達(dá)大家等待的拆禮物的時(shí)刻到來了,故選擇家等待的拆禮物的時(shí)刻到來了,故選擇momentmoment。 1010A A考查動(dòng)詞辨析。分析四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思,根據(jù)文考查動(dòng)詞辨析。分析四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思,根據(jù)文章的上下文:他們燦爛的笑容照亮了整個(gè)房間,所以選擇章的上下文:他們燦爛的笑容照亮了整個(gè)房間,所以選擇lightlight的過去式的過去式litlit。模塊模塊 2 2 題型探究題型探究 近年來高考完形填空題中單純考查語法知識(shí)的題很少,只是偶爾近年來高考完形填空題中單純考查語法知識(shí)的題很少,只
57、是偶爾出現(xiàn)一兩道。對(duì)語法結(jié)構(gòu)的考查主要集中在定語從句出現(xiàn)一兩道。對(duì)語法結(jié)構(gòu)的考查主要集中在定語從句( (連接詞,限制與連接詞,限制與非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別,定語從句與其他主從復(fù)合句的區(qū)別非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別,定語從句與其他主從復(fù)合句的區(qū)別) )、狀語、狀語從句、非謂語動(dòng)詞從句、非謂語動(dòng)詞( (動(dòng)詞不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞、動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)詞不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞、動(dòng)名詞) )、時(shí)態(tài)、時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)以及一些特殊句型,如并列句、省略句、倒裝句,以及一些詞類之語態(tài)以及一些特殊句型,如并列句、省略句、倒裝句,以及一些詞類之間的搭配知識(shí),如名詞需要形容詞、名詞、冠詞、非謂語動(dòng)詞、詞組及間的搭配知識(shí),如名詞需
58、要形容詞、名詞、冠詞、非謂語動(dòng)詞、詞組及定語從句修飾;動(dòng)詞需要副詞詞組修飾;及物動(dòng)詞后應(yīng)加賓語等。此類定語從句修飾;動(dòng)詞需要副詞詞組修飾;及物動(dòng)詞后應(yīng)加賓語等。此類題除了要求考生具有系統(tǒng)準(zhǔn)確的語法知識(shí)之外,還要注意上下文的邏輯題除了要求考生具有系統(tǒng)準(zhǔn)確的語法知識(shí)之外,還要注意上下文的邏輯關(guān)系和語篇內(nèi)容,關(guān)系和語篇內(nèi)容, 這樣才能確保答題的準(zhǔn)確率。這樣才能確保答題的準(zhǔn)確率。 探究點(diǎn)二語法結(jié)構(gòu)型探究點(diǎn)二語法結(jié)構(gòu)型模塊模塊 2 2 題型探究題型探究 【典例典例1 1】 20092009湖北湖北 Mrs. McNamara kept all of Mrs. McNamara kept all of o
59、ur written work in files; it was easy to see the our written work in files; it was easy to see the _1_(improvements) in writing that had occurred. _1_(improvements) in writing that had occurred. What was not so easy to see was the inner What was not so easy to see was the inner transformation that h
60、ad taken place, at least for transformation that had taken place, at least for me. What Mrs. McNamara _2_(forced) me to do was me. What Mrs. McNamara _2_(forced) me to do was to see myself as others see me and, having done to see myself as others see me and, having done that, I could improve myself.
61、 And I _3_. Thank that, I could improve myself. And I _3_. Thank you, Mrs. McNamara. you, Mrs. McNamara. ( ()3. )3. A.didA.did B Bcouldcould C Chad Dhad Dwould would 模塊模塊 2 2 題型探究題型探究 【解析解析】 A A考查助動(dòng)詞的功能。根據(jù)上文考查助動(dòng)詞的功能。根據(jù)上文I I could improve myselfcould improve myself可知應(yīng)使用可知應(yīng)使用diddid代替代替improvedimproved
62、,即即“我的確提高了自我我的確提高了自我”,不能選擇,不能選擇couldcould,因此處強(qiáng),因此處強(qiáng)調(diào)的是動(dòng)詞調(diào)的是動(dòng)詞improveimprove本身而并非本身而并非“could”could”。 模塊模塊 2 2 題型探究題型探究 【典例典例2 2】 20092009福建福建 Children find meanings in their old Children find meanings in their old family tales. family tales. When Stephen When Stephen GuyersGuyers three children were
63、growing up, he three children were growing up, he told them stories about how his grandfather, a banker, _1_(lost) told them stories about how his grandfather, a banker, _1_(lost) all in the 1930s, but did not lose sight of what he valued most. all in the 1930s, but did not lose sight of what he val
64、ued most. In one of the darkest times _2_ his In one of the darkest times _2_ his strongmindedstrongminded grandfather grandfather was nearly _3_(penniless), he loaded his family into the car was nearly _3_(penniless), he loaded his family into the car and _4_(took) them to see family members in Can
65、ada with a and _4_(took) them to see family members in Canada with a _5_(belief)_5_(belief),“There are more important things in life than There are more important things in life than money.” money.” ( ()2. )2. A.whenA.when B Bwhilewhile C Chow Dhow Dwhy why 模塊模塊 2 2 題型探究題型探究 【解析解析】 A A考查定語從句。根據(jù)句法可以判
66、斷此空考查定語從句。根據(jù)句法可以判斷此空是定語從句,先行詞是是定語從句,先行詞是timestimes,所以要用,所以要用whenwhen,相當(dāng)于,相當(dāng)于in in whichwhich。 英語語言中的很多詞匯均以短語搭配的形式出現(xiàn),完英語語言中的很多詞匯均以短語搭配的形式出現(xiàn),完形填空題中的詞匯也不例外。很多時(shí)候,在分析語境、理形填空題中的詞匯也不例外。很多時(shí)候,在分析語境、理清空白處含義的基礎(chǔ)上,利用對(duì)短語搭配的分析可以快速、清空白處含義的基礎(chǔ)上,利用對(duì)短語搭配的分析可以快速、準(zhǔn)確地推斷未知信息。準(zhǔn)確地推斷未知信息。 探究點(diǎn)三習(xí)慣搭配型探究點(diǎn)三習(xí)慣搭配型模塊模塊 2 2 題型探究題型探究 【典例典例1 1】 20102010天津天津 Deeply touched by the Deeply touched by the boys words, Moody decided to create a boys words, Moody decided to create a foundation(foundation(基金會(huì)基金會(huì))that _1_(introduces) teenager
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