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1、菏澤語法十一動詞的時態(tài)與語態(tài)考點考點1 動詞的時態(tài)動詞的時態(tài)(1)一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動作或表示客觀真理。表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動作或表示客觀真理。常與常與often, usually, always等時間狀語連用。等時間狀語連用。She often works on weekends. 她經(jīng)常在周末工作。她經(jīng)常在周末工作。There are four seasons in a year. 一年有四季。一年有四季。(2)一般過去時一般過去時表示過去發(fā)生的動作。表示過去發(fā)生的動作。be動詞的一般過去時為動詞的一般過去時為was, were；實義動詞的一般過去時為動詞的過去式。常

2、與實義動詞的一般過去時為動詞的過去式。常與just now, yesterday, last week, ago等表示過去的時間狀語連用。等表示過去的時間狀語連用。Who did you see at the meeting yesterday？你在昨天的會議上看見了誰？你在昨天的會議上看見了誰？必背句式必背句式一般過去時一段時間一般過去時一段時間agoIt is一段時間一段時間since一般過去時一般過去時過去進行時過去進行時when一般過去時一般過去時過去完成時過去完成時when一般過去時一般過去時(3)一般將來時一般將來時由由“shall/will動詞原形動詞原形”構(gòu)成，構(gòu)成，shall

3、用于第一人稱，用于第一人稱，will用于各種人稱；此外還有用于各種人稱；此外還有“be going to動詞原形動詞原形”的形式。常與的形式。常與tomorrow, next week等表示將來的時間等表示將來的時間狀語連用。狀語連用。He will visit Scotland next week. 他下周要去蘇格蘭旅游。他下周要去蘇格蘭旅游。I am going to stay for a week. 我打算待一個星期。我打算待一個星期。Look at the dark clouds. It is going to rain. 看那烏云。要下雨了?？茨菫踉啤Ｒ掠炅?。be going to

4、 do表示將來時指事先經(jīng)過考慮的打算或表示將來時指事先經(jīng)過考慮的打算或有跡象表明要發(fā)生某事。有跡象表明要發(fā)生某事。 be going to do表示將來表示將來be going to do表示將來有兩種情況：一種是事先經(jīng)過考慮表示將來有兩種情況：一種是事先經(jīng)過考慮的打算；另一種是有跡象表明要發(fā)生某事?？忌?jīng)常在這的打算；另一種是有跡象表明要發(fā)生某事?？忌?jīng)常在這兩種情況上觸雷。兩種情況上觸雷。(4)現(xiàn)在進行時現(xiàn)在進行時由由“am/is/are現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成，表示現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的事情構(gòu)成，表示現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的事情或近期一直在做的事情。句中常有或近期一直在做的事情。句中常有now, Look!

5、 Listen！等標(biāo)志詞。等標(biāo)志詞。Look! A bird is flying in the sky. 看！一只鳥在天上飛?？?！一只鳥在天上飛。She is teaching at a night school now. 目前她在一所夜校教學(xué)。目前她在一所夜校教學(xué)。(5)過去進行時過去進行時由由“was/were現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成，表示過去某一時間正在構(gòu)成，表示過去某一時間正在發(fā)生的事情或過去某段時間一直在做的事情。常與發(fā)生的事情或過去某段時間一直在做的事情。常與this time yesterday, “when過去動作過去動作”等時間狀語連用。等時間狀語連用。She was watc

6、hing TV at this time yesterday. 昨天這個時候她正在看電視。昨天這個時候她正在看電視。They were waiting for you last night. 昨晚他們一直在等你。昨晚他們一直在等你。(6)現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時由由“have/has過去分詞過去分詞”構(gòu)成，表示過去某時發(fā)生的動作構(gòu)成，表示過去某時發(fā)生的動作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或過去的動作對現(xiàn)在有影響。標(biāo)志詞有一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或過去的動作對現(xiàn)在有影響。標(biāo)志詞有since, for, already, yet, so far等。等。I have lived in Beijing since 10 years

7、ago. 自從自從10年前我就一直在北京居住。年前我就一直在北京居住。 They have lost the match. 他們已經(jīng)輸了比賽。他們已經(jīng)輸了比賽。當(dāng)句中有當(dāng)句中有“How long. . . ？/since. . . /for. . . ”等時間狀語等時間狀語時，句中動詞要用延續(xù)性動詞。非延續(xù)性動詞與延續(xù)性時，句中動詞要用延續(xù)性動詞。非延續(xù)性動詞與延續(xù)性動詞的轉(zhuǎn)換如下：動詞的轉(zhuǎn)換如下：buyhaveborrowkeepleavebe awaydiebe dead becomebe come tobe inbeginbe on stopbe overopen/closebe ope

8、n/closedleave地點地點be away from地點地點joinbe in/a member of非延續(xù)性動詞與延續(xù)性動詞的轉(zhuǎn)換非延續(xù)性動詞與延續(xù)性動詞的轉(zhuǎn)換上面這些常見的非延續(xù)性動詞與延續(xù)性動詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)換是上面這些常見的非延續(xù)性動詞與延續(xù)性動詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)換是考生經(jīng)常觸雷的地方。考生經(jīng)常觸雷的地方。1(2017貴港中考貴港中考)Where were Bill and David when the teacher came in? They _ in the hallway. Aare talking Bhave talkedCwere talking DtalkC2(2017泰安中考泰

9、安中考)With the development of science and technology, robot cooks _ in our families in the future. Aappear BappearedCwill appear Dis appearingC3(2017萊蕪中考萊蕪中考)I didnt see your father yesterday when I went to your house. Oh, he _ strawberries on the farm. Apicks BpickedCwas picking Dhas pickedC4(2017煙臺中

10、考煙臺中考)Look at my new smart phone. Wow, its so cool! When and where _ you _it? Ado; buy Bhave; boughtCdid; buy Dhave; hadC5(2017安徽中考安徽中考)I am surprised at the new look of my hometown, for it _ a lot over the years. Achanged BchangesCwill change Dhas changedD6(2017北京中考北京中考)How do you usually go to sch

11、ool? I _ to school on foot. Ago BwentCwas going Dwill goA7(2017北京中考北京中考)My mother _ some washing when the telephone rang. Adoes BdidCis doing Dwas doingD8(2017福建中考福建中考)Do you know the Color Run, a fivekilometer race? Yes. So far it _ into quite a few cities in our country. Acomes Bcame Chas comeC9(2

12、017鄂州中考鄂州中考)The town of Huarong _a lot in the past five years. Thats true. Its becoming more and more beautiful. Achanged Bhas changedChad changed Dis changingB10(2017無錫中考無錫中考)They promised that they _ me look for my key until it was found. But they soon walked away. Awill help Bhave helpedCwould he

13、lp Dhad helpedC考點考點2 被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)(1)一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)(am/is/are done)This machine is made in China. 這臺機器是中國制造的。這臺機器是中國制造的。(2)一般過去時的被動語態(tài)一般過去時的被動語態(tài)(was/were done)The windows in our classroom were broken yesterday. 昨天我們教室的窗戶被打碎了。昨天我們教室的窗戶被打碎了。(3)一般將來時的被動語態(tài)一般將來時的被動語態(tài)(will/shall be done)I think the desks

14、will be repaired soon. 我想這些課桌很快要修好了。我想這些課桌很快要修好了。(4)含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)(can/may/must/should be done)Where can the lost book be found？這本丟失的書能在哪里找到？這本丟失的書能在哪里找到？Who might be elected monitor in our class？我們班誰可能被選為班長？我們班誰可能被選為班長？11(2017臨沂中考臨沂中考)They have collected more than 14，000 books since the libra

15、ry _ last month. Abuilt Bwas builtCbuilds Dis builtB12(2017泰安中考泰安中考)As China grows stronger and stronger, Chinese _ in more and more schools out of our country. Ateaches Bis taughtChas taught Dwas taughtB13(2017萊蕪中考萊蕪中考)More schools in Laiwu _ to provide children with better education in a few years

16、. Abuilt Bare builtCwere built Dwill be builtD14(2017青島中考青島中考)Teenagers have to be 18 years old before they _ to drive a car. Aare allowed BallowedCwill be allowed DallowA15(2017北京中考北京中考)The mobile phone _ in 1973. Ainvents Bis inventedCinvented Dwas inventedD16(2017福建中考福建中考)Eleven Chinese films _ d

17、uring the 7th Chinese Film Festival in France last month. Ashowed Bare shownCwere shown C17(2017黃石中考黃石中考)The old building _ down to make room for the city library a year ago. Awas taking Bis takenCwas taken Dwould takeC18(2017咸寧中考咸寧中考)What do you think of the latest TV play In the Name of People? It

18、s very popular. Millions of families _ by it during that time. Aattracted Bare attractedCwere attracted Dwere attractingC19(2017上海中考上海中考)The museum _ next month to celebrate the Science&Technology Festival. Ais decorated Bwill decorateCis decorating Dwill be decoratedD20(2017重慶中考重慶中考)Its reported that Ke Jie _ by AlphaGo in May, 2017. Abeat BbeatsCwas beaten Dwill be beatenC21Your clothes need _ . _ she wash them for you? Ato be washed; ShallBto wash; ShallCwashing; Will C22To my disappointment, the computer I had _ was out of order again. Arepaired Brepaired itChad repaired it A