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1、1(1)231. The nutrients in whatever falls into the ocean quickly become available to other living creatures.(SB U13) 流入海洋里的任何營養(yǎng)物都會馬上被其他生物所利用。 whatever在此作關系代詞，引出一個名詞性從句，作介詞in 的賓語，相當于anything that或all that。 Whatever she did was right. 她做的任何事情都是正確的。 You may take whatever you like. 你可以拿任何你想要的東西。 One shou

2、ld stick to (做任何已經開始做的事情)Dont you know that I always succeed in (我想盡力做的任何事)?【答案】whatever one has begun whatever I try (to do)52. Heat capacity is the amount of energy it takes to raise the temperature of a substance by one degree centigrade.(SB U13)熱能量是一種物質升高一攝氏度所需要的能量。It takesto do sth.是固定句式，“做某事需要

3、”It takes usual courage and determination to make break with his family.與他的家庭決裂需要非凡的勇氣和決心。It takes wisdom to settle the quarrel between the two countries.平息兩國間的爭端需要智慧。 Perseverance is a kind of quality and thats (做好一切事情所需要的)(通常要10分鐘) for a taxi to get to the hotel.【答案】what it takes to do anything we

4、llIt usually takes 10 minutes73. One of the reasons why Harrier Tubman joined an action group in 1850 was that she wanted to help runaway slaves. (SB U14) 在1850年加入行動小組的原因之一是她想要幫助逃亡的奴隸。 The reason whyis/was that 的理由是(why引導定語從句修飾 the reason；that引導表語從句) The reason why he was late was that he got up lat

5、e. 他遲到了是因為他起床遲了。 _(原因) I was late was that there was too much traffic on the road. _(我不能幫你的原因)now is that I cant afford the time at all. Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was _ it was rather closely modeled on his own life.(2010北京卷)A. what B. thatC. why D. wh

6、ether9【答案】The reason whyThe reason why I cant help youB104. where black people had equal rights and were free to live, study and work as they wished. (SB U14)黑人在那里享有平等的權利，可以像他們所希望的那樣自由地生活、學習和工作。as conj. 像，按照(引導方式狀語從句) Leave it _(照現在這樣)Do _(按醫(yī)生告訴你的那樣)and you will soon recover. No matter whether you a

7、re tall or short, this or that, you should accept yourself _ you are.A. what B. as C. because D. which12【答案】as it isas the doctor told youB像你目前的樣子接受自己。135. There was a time when women had no right to vote, could not go to university or choose their jobs.(SB U14)有一段時期，婦女沒有選舉權，不能夠上大學或選擇工作。There is/was

8、 a time when 有一段的時間(when引導定語從句，修飾time) _(有一段時間) I made up my mind to study French. 【答案】 There was a time when15課文原句高考對照課文原句高考對照 Pick out the topic of each paragraph and use the structures below to make six questions. 選出每段的主題，且用下面的結構提出六個問題。 It was so dark in the cinema that I could hardly _ my friend

9、.(2007四川卷)A. turn out B. bring outC. call out D. pick out解析：選D。句意：電影院里如此漆黑以致幾乎找不出我的朋友。pick out選出，挑出，辨認出。 16課文原句高考對照課文原句高考對照 The nutrients in whatever falls into the ocean quickly become available to other living creatures. 流入海洋里的任何營養(yǎng)物質馬上被其他生物所利用。 There are plenty of jobs _ in the western part of the

10、 country.(2008浙江卷)A. present B. availableC. precious D. convenient解析：選B。句意：在祖國西部有很多可以獲得的工作。如同在“課文原句”里的一樣，available意為“可以利用的”。 17課文原句高考對照課文原句高考對照 It was during the “March on Washington DC” in 1963 that he gave the speech他就是在到華盛頓特區(qū)的行進中發(fā)表了這篇演講 It was in New Zealand _ Elizabeth first met Mr.Smith.(2008全國

11、卷)A. that B. howC. which D. when解析：選A。本題為強調句式，被強調成分為in New Zealand。18課文原句高考對照課文原句高考對照 It was during the “March on Washington DC” in 1963 that he gave the speech 他就是在到華盛頓特區(qū)的行進中發(fā)表了這篇演講 Johns success has nothing to do with good luck. It is years of hard work _ has made him what he is today.(2010湖南卷)A.

12、why B. whenC. which D. that解析：選D。約翰的成功與好運沒關系。是多年的努力工作造就了他的今天。 191.It的用法：it作代詞的各種用法，特別是it 作形式主語和形式賓語以及it的模糊用法。2.強調句： 強調句的用法，特別是在疑問句 中的運用以及強調句和狀語從句、定語從 句的區(qū)別。It It的用法與強調句的用法與強調句20it it的用法的用法1.代詞it（1）用作人稱代詞，替代前面提到的事物。例如：My pen is missing. I cant find it anywhere.我的鋼筆丟了，哪兒都找不到。21（2）指人（不明身份的人或嬰兒）。例如：Who i

13、s it speaking? (電話用語，it=that)請問你是誰？ Is it your baby？No, it isnt.是你的孩子嗎？不，不是。22（3）表示時間、天氣、環(huán)境、距離等。例如：It was nearly midnight when she came back.（表示時間）她回來時差不多是半夜。23It was very quiet in the classroom.（表示環(huán)境）教室里很安靜。It is a long way from my home to school.（表示距離）從家到學校有一段很長的距離。24（4）替代前述的短語或句子。例如：Dont let your

14、 children play with fire. It is dangerous.（it=play with fire）別讓你孩子玩火，那太危險了。Jack is ill. Have you heard about it?杰克病了，你聽說了嗎？25（5）指心目中或性別尚未確定或身份不明的人。 Who knocked on the door? Its Mary.262.引導詞it（1）作形式主語，代替不定式、動名詞、主語從句。例如：It is difficult to understand the long passage.（代替不定式）理解這篇長文章很難。27It is no use arg

15、uing about that.（代替動名詞）對此爭論是沒用的。It is said that the meeting will be put off.（代替主語從句）據說會議將要推遲。28it作形式主語常見的句型有：It is kind/necessary (of/for sb.) to do sth.It is+形容詞+that從句It takes sb. sth. to do sth. 做要花費某人Its + no use / no good/of little use + doing29It is said/reported/learned+that從句（據說/報道/據悉）It see

16、ms 似乎，看起來好像It appears似乎，看來It looks 顯得，好像It happens碰巧，偶然30（2）作形式賓語，代替不定式、動名詞、賓語從句。例如：We think it important to learn a foreign language.（代替不定式）我們認為學一門外語很重要。31They made it clear to the public that they were doing an important and necessary job.（代替賓語從句）他們向公眾表明他們正在做的是一項重要而必須的工作。323.it的模糊用法（1）it + that 可以

17、引導賓語從句。能這樣用的動詞或動詞詞組有：see to (確保), depend on, rely on, insist on, take等。例如：33I take it that (猜想，認為) he is not fond of reading this novel.我想他不喜歡讀這本小說。Our teacher saw to it that our homework should be finished on time.我們的老師確保家庭作業(yè)能按時完成。34（2）like (love, hate) it介詞短語when引導的從句。例如：I hate it in the evening when you sing.晚上我不愿意聽你唱歌。（實際上it代替when引導的從句。）