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1、專項(xiàng)學(xué)習(xí)導(dǎo)學(xué)案——形容詞、副詞的原級、比較級和最高級 一、 定義 大多數(shù)形容詞和副詞都有三個等級：原級、比較級和最高級。 1. 比較級用于兩者(人或事物)之間的比較，說明“前者比后者更……”。 2. 最高級表示三者或三者以上(人或事物)的比較，其中一個在某方面超過其他幾個，后面可用of或in短語來說明比較的范圍。形容詞的最高級前一般要加定冠詞the，副詞的最高級前的the可以省去。 二、 構(gòu)成 1. 形容詞和副詞比較級的規(guī)則變化 構(gòu)成方法 例詞 一般在詞尾加-er/-est small→______→_________ smart→______→_________

2、以字母e結(jié)尾的詞，在詞尾加-r/-st nice→______→_________ fine→______→_________ 以“輔音字母＋y”結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，把“y”變?yōu)椤癷”，再加“-er/-est” early→______→_________happy→______→_________ 重讀閉音節(jié)詞且詞尾只有一個輔音字母，雙寫該輔音字母，再加-er/-est big→______→_________ thin→______→_________ 多音節(jié)和部分雙音節(jié)詞在詞前加more/most outgoing→______→_________ interesting

3、→______→_________ 2. 形容詞和副詞比較級的不規(guī)則變化 good/well→better→best many/much→more→most bad/badly→worse→worst little→less→least far→farther/further→farthest/furthest old→older/elder→oldest/eldest 三、 用法 1. 原級的用法：講述某人或某物自身情況時用原級。 ① 基本句型：主語+謂語+形容詞/副詞原級+…. Heisveryoldnow.他現(xiàn)在很老了。 Theyranquitefast.它們跑得

4、相當(dāng)快。 Theweatherlooksratherbad.天氣看上去相當(dāng)糟。 Iamsohappy.我是如此的快樂。 ② 表示兩者之間沒有差別時,使用句型：A+be動詞+as+形容詞原級+as+B.或A+實(shí)義動詞+as+副詞原級+as+B. e.g.Heisasexcitedashisyoungersister.他和他妹妹一樣興奮。 Lilyrodeherbikeasslowlyasanoldlady.莉莉騎車像老太太一樣慢。 ③ 表示一方在某一方面不及另一方時，使用句型：A+be動詞+not+as /so+形容詞原級+as+B.或A+助動詞do/does/did+not +實(shí)義

5、動詞原形+as /so +副詞原級+as+B. e.g. Heisnotso/asexcitedashisyoungersister.他沒他妹妹那么興奮。 Lilydidnotrideherbikeso/asslowlyasanoldlady.莉莉騎車不像老太太那樣慢。 2. 比較級的用法： (1)主語＋be動詞＋形容詞的比較級＋than＋比較對象，意為“……比……更……”。 e.g.Iammoreoutgoingthanmysister. 主語＋實(shí)義動詞＋副詞的比較級＋than＋比較對象，意為“……比……更……”。 e.g.Tomrunsfasterthanmybrother.

6、 (2)比較級＋and＋比較級或moreandmore＋原級(多音節(jié)或部分雙音節(jié)詞)，意為“越來越……”【and前后比較級，表示“越來越…….”之意】。 e.g.①Thedaysarebecominglongerandlongerinsummer. ②Thewindbecamemoreandmoreheavily. (3)the＋比較級，the＋比較級，意為“越……，就越……”【the加比較用兩個，表示“越……，就越……”】。 e.g.Themoreexerciseyoutake,thehealthieryouwillbe. 【諺語】Themore,thebetter.多多益善。

7、 Thesooner,thebetter.越早越好。 (4)“Which/Who＋be(is/was)＋比較級，AorB？”表示“A和B，哪一個更……？”。 e.g.Whoistaller,TimorTom? WhichT-shirtisnicer,thisoneorthatone? Whoismoreactive,MaryorKate? (5)【了解】the+比較級+ofthetwo之類，意為“兩個中比較……的”【ofthetwo之類比較級前要加the】 e.g.Thiswatchisthecheaperofthetwo.這支手表是兩個中比較便宜的。 【注意】 英語中能修飾形

8、容詞/副詞比較級的單詞或短語有： 三多：much,far,alot；兩少：alittle,abit 一甚至：even；一仍然：still 3. 最高級的用法： (1)①A + be + the+ 形容詞最高級(＋名詞)＋in/of短語，表示“A是……中最……的”。 e.g. Tom is the tallest (student) in Class 1, Grade 8. ②A + 實(shí)義動詞+ (the) 副詞最高級＋in/of短語，表示“A是……中最……的”。 e.g. Tomruns(the) fastest in his class. (2)A+ be+the＋序數(shù)詞＋形

9、容詞最高級＋單數(shù)名詞”表示“第幾……”。 e.g. The Yangtze River is the third longest river around the world. (3)“one of the＋形容詞最高級＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”表示 “最……之一”。 e.g. Lu Xun is one of the greatest writersin China. (4)“特殊疑問詞＋be/實(shí)義動詞＋the＋形容詞/副詞最高級，A, B or C？”表示“A，B，C哪一個最……？”。 (5) This is/ was the最高級+名詞+that定語從句(現(xiàn)在完成時) “這是…里面，最…”

10、 e.g.This is the worst film that I have seen these years. 【注意】當(dāng)最高級前有物主代詞或其他限定詞修飾時，其前不加定冠詞the. e.g. Who is the tallest, Jim, Mike or Tom? ex. Which language is ____ , English, French or Chinese? A. difficult B. more difficult C. the most difficult D. mostdifficult 【小試牛刀】 I．用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空

11、。 ①Jackis________(funny)thanBill. ②Herillnesswas________(serious)thanthedoctorfirstthought. ③Whichis________(good),thisoneorthatone? ④Tonyismuch________(clever)thanTom. ⑤Chinaisbecoming________(strong)and________(strong)． ⑥The________(many)booksyouread,the________(much)youwillknow. Ⅱ.單項(xiàng)選擇 1.

12、ThisisnotTina'sruler.________islonger. A.She's B.HersC.She D.Her 2.Mr.Smiththinksrunningis________thangymnastics. A.verypopular B.morepopularC.mostpopular D.themostpopular 3.It'ssummernow.Itisgetting________． A.higherandhigher B.lowerandlowerC.hotterandhotter D.colderandcolder 4.—Canyoutellmew

13、hyyoulearnEnglishsowell? —It'sverysimple.________youwork,________gradesyouwillget. A.Theharder;thebestB.Thehard;thebetter C.Harder;betterD.Theharder;thebetter 5.Iamgoodatmath,buthisEnglishis________thanmine. A.muchbetter B.morebetterC.verybetter D.prettybetter 【綜合能力提升】 用所給的形容詞副詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1.

14、 Tom is _______ (tall) than Jim. 2. Li Lei is _______ (young) boy in his class. 3. David has _________ (many)story books of all the students. 4. Li Lei speaks English _____________ (well) in his group. 5. Lucy runs ___________ (slow) than Lily. 改正下列句子中一處的錯誤。 A. Tom comes to school late than Ji

15、m._____ B.Which do you like better, cats,dogs,or chickens? _____ C. Who is oldest in our class? _____ D. He thinks math is importanter than Chinese.______ E. This work is very harder than that one.________ F. He lives farer than any other student in your class._______ 單項(xiàng)選擇 1. I think Yao Ming

16、, the famous basketball player, will be ______ new Star in NBA. A. hot B. hotter C. hottest D. the hottest 2. In our city it’s ____ in July,but it is even ____in August. A. hotter; hottest B. hot; hot C. hotter; hot D. hot; hotter 3. Hainan is a very large island.

17、It is the second ______ island in China. A. large B. larger C. largest D. most largest 4. An elephant is ______ than a tiger. A. heavy B. very heavy C. the heaviest D. heavier 5. My ____ sister is two years _____ than I. A. older; older B. elder; elder C. older

18、; elder D. elder; older 6.He feels ____ today than yesterday. A. tired B. more tired C. more tireder D. much tired 7.The line is _____ than that one. A. more longer B.much more longer C. much longer D. many more longer. 8.I think science is ____ than Japanese. A. much importa

19、nt B. important C. much more important D. more much important 9.The book is _____ of the two. A. thinner B. the thinner C. more thinner D .the thinnest 10.She looks ____ than she does. A. the more older B. very older C. much. older D. more older 11.The garden is becoming _____. A.

20、more beautiful and moreB. more beautiful and beautiful C. more and more beautifulD. more beautiful and beautifuler 12.I didn’t know which was _____, so I took them both. A. good B. better C. best D. the best 13.What an _____ story! I’m _____ in it. A. interested; inter

21、esting B. interesting; interested C. interested; interested D. interesting; interesting 14.The jacket is _____ nice, but it’s _____ more expensive than that one. A. much; much B. very; veryC. much; very D. very; much 15.New York is _____ in the United States. A. larger than any c

22、ity B. larger than any other city C. bigger than any cities D. biggest of all the cities 16.Of the two pencil-boxes, the boy chose ______ expensive one. A. less B. the least C. the less D. the most 17.This kind of skirt looks ______ and sells ______

23、. A. nice; well B. nice; good C. well; well D. good; nice 18.–How was the weather yesterday? -It was terrible. It rained ____. People could ____ go out. A. hardly; hardly B. hardly; hard C. hard; hard D. hard; hardly 19.This chair is not _____ for him to ______.

24、 A. strong enough; sit B. enough strong; sit C. enough strong; sit in D. strong enough; sit on 20.The little baby looks _____. A. lovely B. carefully C. heavily D. Sadly 21.The Yellow River is ______ river in China. A. the two long B. the second longer C. the second lon

25、gest D. two longest 22.What a _____ cough! You seem ______ ill. A. terrible; terribly B. terribly; terrible C. terrible; terrible D. terribly; terribly 23.The meat smell ____.You’d better throw it away. A wonderful B wonderfully C badly D bad 24.Don’t worry. .She can look after your pet____. A careful enough B enough careful C carefully enough D enough carefully 4 / 4