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1、考點(diǎn)03 代詞 一、 教材重點(diǎn)回顧： 英語中代詞可以分為人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、指示代詞、疑問代詞、不定代詞。 其中不定代詞是中考?？键c(diǎn)，也是重點(diǎn)知識(shí)。 1. 人稱代詞主要有主格和賓格之別。請看下表： 人稱 我 你 他 她 它 我們 你們 他們　 主格 I you he she it we you they 賓格 me you him her it us you them 2. 物主代詞分形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞兩種。請看下表 人稱 我的 你的 他的 她的 它的 我們的 你們的

2、 他們的 形容詞性 my your his her its ours your they 名詞性 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs 3. 反身代詞可見下表 人稱 我 你 他 她 它 我們 你們 他們　 反身代詞 myself yourself himself herself itself ourselves yourself themselves 指示代詞有：this, that, these, those 疑問代詞有：who,

3、whom whose, what, which, 還有疑問副詞：when, how, where, why。 不定代詞主要有：some, any, many, much, each, neither, other, another, all, both, one, none, either… 4. 物主代詞的用法 形容詞性物主代詞：作定語，相當(dāng)形容詞，不能單獨(dú)使用，后面必須加名詞； 名詞性物主代詞：不作定語，相當(dāng)名詞詞組，可單獨(dú)使用，后面不須加名詞。 如： Here is my sister. Her name is Jenny.（形容詞性物主代詞） Is that coffe

4、e yours or hers? (名詞性物主代詞) 5. 反身代詞的用法 teach oneself 自學(xué) speak/say to oneself 自言自語 by oneself 獨(dú)自地 help oneself to 隨便吃…… enjoy oneself 玩得開心 make yourself at home 請自便 6. 指示代詞的用法: 主要有四個(gè)，即this, that, these 和 those 1）指示代詞分單數(shù)（this / that）和復(fù)數(shù)（these / those）兩種形式，既可作限定詞又可做代詞，

5、例如： 　　 單數(shù)　　　　　　　　　　 復(fù)數(shù) 　　限定詞：This girl is Mary.　　 Those men are my teachers. 代 詞：This is Mary.　　　 Those are my teachers. ?1, 為避免重復(fù)，可用 that 和 those 代替前面提到的名詞。如： The playground of this school is bigger than that of that school.(that=the playground) My seat is next to that of the

6、mayor. 我的座位在市長座位旁邊。 ?2. 用來回指上文提到的事情時(shí)，可用this 或 that，但是若要指下文敘述的事情，通常要用 this .如： ——She is a beautiful girl. ——Who said that? I want to know this: Is she beautiful? ?3. 在打電話時(shí)，通常用 this 指自己，用that指對(duì)方： Hello. This is Jim. Is that John? 喂，我是吉姆，你是約翰嗎? 7. 疑問代詞的用法 疑問代詞：who, whom, whose, which, what等

7、用于引出特殊疑問句。 注意：1. what與 which的用法區(qū)別： 當(dāng)選擇的范圍較明確時(shí)，用 which； 當(dāng)選擇的范圍不明確時(shí)，用 what。 如：Which color do you like, red, black or white? 紅色、黑色和白色，你喜歡哪種？ What color is your car? 你的汽車是什么顏色的？ 8. 不定代詞的用法 1）定義：不定代詞是不指明代替任何特定名詞或形容詞的代詞。 2） 種類 英語中不定代詞有： some（something，somebody，someone，somewhere）， any

8、（anything，anybody，anyone，anywhere）， no（nothing，nobody，no one）， every（everything，everybody，everyone，everywhere），all，each，both，much，many，(a) little，(a) few，other(s)，another，none，one，either， neither等。 ?1. some和 any的比較 不定代詞some，any都是“一些”的意思，都可和可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞連用。 some一般用于肯定句中； any則用于否定句、疑問句或條件從句中. ?

9、注意：在表示請求、邀請或征求意見的句子中，通常要用 some 而不用any。 如：Will you lend me some money? 可以借些錢給我嗎? 二、中考考點(diǎn)梳理 1.指兩者和三者的不定代詞。 2.(a) few 與 (a) little。 可數(shù)名詞 不可數(shù)名詞 肯定 (有一些） a few a little 否定（沒什么） few little 3.other, the other, another, others的用法。 other +名詞，復(fù)數(shù) th

10、e other +名詞，復(fù)數(shù) （特指） 固定搭配：one …… the other …… others 不加名詞，復(fù)數(shù) the others 不加名詞，復(fù)數(shù) （特指） 固定搭配：some……some……others another 加不加名詞皆可，泛指另一個(gè)，單數(shù) 4. 含有形容性物主代詞的固定搭配 all one’s life (一生，終生) change one’s mind (改變想法、主意) do one’s best (盡力) do one’s h

11、omework (做作業(yè)) lose one’s life (喪生) make up one’s mind (下決心決定) on one’s way to (在某人去……的路上) take one’s time (不急，慢慢干) to one’s surprise (使某人驚奇的是……) with one’s help (在某人的幫助下) to one’s relief (使某人放松的是--） one’s own +名詞My own house = a house of my own 5. 反身代詞可以在句中

12、作賓語，表語，同位語。 　1) 作賓語: 表示動(dòng)作的承受者就是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者，主語和賓語指同一個(gè)人或一些人。 Would you please express yourself in English? 2) 作表語：The girl in the news is myself. 3) 作主語或賓語的同位語: 表示親自或本人。 　 You should ask the teacher himself．（作賓語同位語） 6. it 中考考點(diǎn)運(yùn)用總結(jié) 1）.it作為人稱代詞時(shí)，可以表示天氣、距離、時(shí)間、環(huán)境等。 例如： It is about 10 kil

13、ometers from here. 2）. it 還可用作形式主語或形式賓語，來代替由不定式，動(dòng)詞的-ing,形式或主語從句構(gòu)成的真正的主語或賓語。例如： It is not easy to learn English well. I found it difficult to sleep. 3）. It可用于其他句型： (1) It is time to do sth 是做……的時(shí)候了 (2) It’s sb’s turn to do sth 是輪到某人做……

14、了 (3) It seems that +句子 看起來…… (4) It is +adj. that+句子 ……是怎么樣的 (5)主語+consider/ feel/ find/ think/ make / it +adj + to do sth. 某人覺得做……是……的。 一、 典例分類 1. (2019原創(chuàng))Your hometown is really nice! The air quality is as good as ________ of Sanya. A. it B. one C.

15、 that 【答案】C. 【解析】本題考查指示代詞的用法。C.that 代指前面所提到的air quality，為了避免重復(fù)。而A.it它代指的一定是同一個(gè)東西。 2. (2019原創(chuàng))I’m sure that our football players will do ________ best. A. yourselves B. him C. their 【答案】C. 【解析】本題考查物主代詞的用法。此題意為“我相信我們的足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員會(huì)盡他們最大的努力的”。這里有個(gè)固定搭配用法 do one’s best “盡某人最大的努力” 。這里的one’s

16、明顯是要換成their的。 3. (2019原創(chuàng))You can take ________ of the two toy cards and leave the other for your brother. A. both B. neither C. either 【答案】C. 【解析】本題考查不定代詞的用法。A. both 二者都；B. neither二者都不；C. either二者其一。根據(jù)題意來理解“你可以拿走這二張玩具卡片的任何一張，留下一張給你的兄弟”，可以知道是拿走二者其一，故只能選C.either. 4.(2018上海改編)Cat

17、herine has two cousins. One is quiet, and ________ is noisy. A. another　　　B. the other　　 　C. other 【答案】B. 【解析】本題考查不定代詞的用法。根據(jù)題意“Catherine有二個(gè)表哥，一個(gè)很沉默，另一個(gè)很吵鬧?！鼻懊娼缍朔秶挥卸€(gè)，說明其中一個(gè)人的情況了，另一個(gè)就是特指了。所以要用the other。 這里我們可以把它記住一個(gè)固定搭配用法 one… the other … 一個(gè)……另一個(gè)…… 5.. (2018北京改編)My brother and I like f

18、ootball. ________ play it together once a week. A. I B. They C. We 【答案】C. 【解析】本題考查人稱代詞的用法。題意是我和我兄弟都喜歡足球，我們一周踢一次球。很明顯地，此處應(yīng)該是填寫We我們。 6.. (2018蘇州改編)A robot show will be held in July, but ________ knows the date for sure. A. nobody B. everybody C. anybody 【

19、答案】A. 【解析】本題考查不定代詞的用法。A. nobody 沒人； B. everybody 大家；C. anybody任何人；根據(jù)題意：一次機(jī)器人展示將會(huì)在七月舉行，但是沒有人知道具體日期。所以答案是A。 7. (2018貴州三州聯(lián)考改編)He was so angry that he could say ________． A. anything B. nothing C. something 【答案】B. 【解析】本題考查不定代詞的用法。A. anything任何事；B. nothing沒什么東西；C. something一些事情；根據(jù)題意：他如此

20、氣憤以致于他說不出什么東西。所以答案選 B. nothing。 8.（2019四川樂山）____ is quite easy for people to find any place in the world with the help of online maps. A. That B. It C. One 【答案】B. 【解析】本題考查人稱代詞It的用法。這里It是作為形式主語的，而真正的主語是后面的to find any place in the world with the help of online maps. 而三個(gè)選項(xiàng)

21、中只有It 才有此功能用法。 9.（2019甘肅慶陽） There are many good teachers in_________ school. A. we B. him C. our D. themselves 【答案】C. 【解析】本題考查物主代詞的用法。題意為在我們的學(xué)校有很多優(yōu)秀的老師。 10.（2019江蘇揚(yáng)州）----Annie, _____ books are all over the place. ----Sorry, mum. I’

22、ll put them away. A. you B. your C. yours D. yourself 【答案】B. 【解析】本題考查物主代詞It的用法。題意為“安妮，你的書到處都是。”。 二、 易混易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥 1. There are ten students here. Where are _______ ? A. others B. the other C. the others D. other 【答案】C. 【解析】本題考查不定代詞的用法。此題很多同學(xué)容易選B. the other

23、. 但此題原意是“這里有10個(gè)學(xué)生，其他的學(xué)生在哪里？”這里“其他的學(xué)生”是屬于特指的，又因?yàn)榫淠]有名詞了，所以得用the others。因?yàn)閠he others=the other students. 2. The old man has two sons. One is a teacher, ______________ is a doctor. A. others B. the other C. the others D. another 【答案】B. 【解析】本題考查不定代詞的用法。another用于泛指，如：Is it far from here to the s

24、tation?I'm sorry. I have no idea. One may say it is quite near; another may say it is far from here。但在特指時(shí)則要用the other。它可以用作定語，the other one，也可以用作代詞the other, 但the other用作代詞時(shí)它的含意一定是單數(shù)。這里我們可以把它記住一個(gè)固定搭配用法 one… the other … 一個(gè)……另一個(gè)…… 3. Some people like sports. __________ like reading. A. others B. th

25、e other C. the others D. another 【答案】A . 【解析】本題考查不定代詞的用法。在泛指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前用some…some…others…來表示某些人……某些人……還有些人……。 4. Please remember to water the flowers every_________ day. A. others B. other C. the other D. another 【答案】B . 【解析】本題考查不定代詞的用法。every other day為固定用法，意思是“每隔一天”是習(xí)慣用法，不要隨意改動(dòng)。又如：on the ot

26、her hand另一方面。 5. Many know him, but________like him. A. a few B. few C. some D. little 【答案】B . 【解析】本題考查不定代詞的用法。few用于可數(shù)名詞，表否定意義，意為“幾乎沒有”，但few作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞則要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，而a few為有一些。本題題意為“很多人認(rèn)識(shí)他，但沒有人喜歡他”。 6. ________ of what you said is true. A. Many B. Much C. Few D. Any 【答案】B . 【解析】本題考查不定代詞的用法。mu

27、ch用于不可數(shù)名詞，作主語時(shí)用單數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞。而many用于可數(shù)名詞，它作主語時(shí)用復(fù)數(shù)形式的謂語動(dòng)詞。 7. Would you like ___________ to drink? A. nothing B. everything C. anything D. something 【答案】D . 【解析】本題考查不定代詞的用法。在由would you like發(fā)出的問句中，表達(dá)了說話者真心實(shí)意要為對(duì)方提供些飲料，或在說話者想得到對(duì)方的肯定答復(fù)時(shí)，在疑問句中要用some而不用any。 8. Someone_________to meet you. A. want B. a

28、re wanting C. wants 【答案】C . 【解析】本題考查不定代詞的用法。不定代詞做主語時(shí)應(yīng)被看作單數(shù)，即使用and連接兩個(gè)不定代詞，也要看作單數(shù)，如： Anyone and everyone has the right. 任何人，每一個(gè)人都有這樣的權(quán)力。 9. ________ is much colder in New York in winter than before. A. It B. The weather C. They 【答案】A . 【解析】本題考查代詞It的用法。it常常用在英文的句子中來代表時(shí)間、距離、天氣、自然現(xiàn)

29、象，或用在句中作形式主語或賓語，如： It is ten o'clock now. (代時(shí)間) It is far from here to the airport. (代距離) It is very hot. (代天氣) It is very difficult to learn English well. (作形式主語) We found it very difficult to answer the question. (作形式賓語) 10. Be careful. Don't drink too ___________. A. muc

30、h B. many C. few 【答案】A . 【解析】本題考查不定代詞的用法。這里much所代的應(yīng)是飲料或水，所以應(yīng)為不可數(shù)名詞。 1 These are ＿＿＿books. Yours are over there. A I B my C me D mine 【答案】B. 【解析】這里應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞。 2 —＿＿＿ is she? — She is a teacher. A What B How C Who D Where 【答案】A. 【解析】這里的四個(gè)疑問詞放在問句中全都成立，但其意義

31、不同。What is she?應(yīng)譯為“她的工作是什么?”或“她是做什么的?”而How is she?應(yīng)譯為“她身體如何?”而Who is she?應(yīng)譯為“她是誰?”其答語應(yīng)為“她叫什么名字。”而Where is she?應(yīng)為“她在什么地方?”由答語決定了這道題的選擇。 3＿＿＿ is wrong with my watch. It has stopped＿＿＿. A Something, working B Something, to work C Any thing, working D Anything, to work 【答案】A. 【解析】因?yàn)槭强隙ň渌詰?yīng)

32、用Something,其后由于表停止工作了，則stop后要用動(dòng)名詞。 4 Mary, help ＿＿＿to the bananas, please. A you B your C yourself D yourselves 【答案】C. 【解析】help oneself to something為“自己拿某物”。yourself為“你一個(gè)人”，而yourselves為“你們”。 5 —＿＿＿ do you go to school every day? — By bus. A How B Why C When D Where 【答案

33、】A. 【解析】這題的答案是由問句決定的。 6 My skirt is＿＿＿ popular than＿＿＿. A much, her B much, hers C more, her D more, hers 【答案】D. 【解析】因句中有than,所以應(yīng)選用比較級(jí)，而than后要選用名詞性物主代詞。 7 — Can you speak English? — Yes, but only＿＿＿. A few B a few C little D a little 【答案】D. 【解析】因會(huì)講某種語言的多少要用

34、a little,把它看作不可數(shù)名詞對(duì)待，此答語為：是的，但僅僅會(huì)講一點(diǎn)。 8 Mr.　Smith is an old friend of＿＿＿. A I B me C my D mine 【答案】D. 【解析】這里應(yīng)選名詞性物主代詞，這也是英語的一種習(xí)慣用法，而不要選擇my。 9 ----“ ＿＿＿do you hear from your parents?” ----“About once a month.” A How long B How many C How often D How much 【答案】C. 【

35、解析】How often問的是某一動(dòng)作發(fā)生的頻率，即在單位時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)生多少次。 10 Mr Green wouldn't say ＿＿＿at the meeting. A everything B nothing C anything D something 【答案】C. 【解析】在否定句中應(yīng)用anything 11 ---“Mum, Ann's coming tonight. Let's give her ＿＿＿to eat.” ---“Good idea!” A anything nice B nice anything C som

36、ething nice D nice something 【答案】C. 【解析】肯定句中用something而不用anything,不定代詞的修飾詞應(yīng)放其后而不要放在其前面。 12 — When shall we meet, this evening or tomorrow evening? — I don't mind. ＿＿＿time is OK. A Some B Neither C Either D Both 【答案】C. 【解析】因如選用both則名詞要用復(fù)數(shù)名詞，也要用復(fù)數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞，由于答語前有I don't mind 則決定不能選擇nei

37、ther. 13 This is not her kite,　but＿＿＿. A he's B him C he D his 【答案】D. 【解析】要注意“他的”名詞性物主代詞與形容詞性物主代詞是同形的。 14 Don't worry, Mum! ＿＿＿ news is good news. I'm sure daddy will come back soon. A No B Many C Those D Two 【答案】A. 【解析】這是一條諺語，即沒有消息就是好消息。 15 Mary has six apple

38、s. Her brother has three. She has ＿＿＿apples than he. A few B many C more D fewer 【答案】C. 【解析】由于是比較級(jí)，根據(jù)題意應(yīng)選“多于”而不是“少于”。 16 There isn't ＿＿＿in today's newspaper. A anything interesting B something interesting C nothing interesting D interesting anything 【答案】A. 【解析】由于句子是否定句，應(yīng)選擇anythi

39、ng，而且不定代詞的修飾語應(yīng)放在其后面。 17 September 10th is＿＿＿ Day? A Teacher B Teachers C Teacher's D Teachers' 【答案】D. 【解析】教師節(jié)Teachers' Day,兒童節(jié) Children's Day, 婦女節(jié) Women's Day 18 — In England, people eat a lot of “takeaway” food. What about people in your country?—＿＿＿ A So we do. B We do so. C

40、So do we. D We so do. 【答案】C. 【解析】在答語中用簡略方式表達(dá)上文的一個(gè)動(dòng)作同樣適用于另一個(gè)主語時(shí)，則要采用倒裝句，但如果僅僅是對(duì)上句的重復(fù)則不要倒裝。 19 — Shall we go into that shop and have a look? — Sorry. I won't. I have ＿＿＿to do there. A everything B anything C something D nothing 【答案】D. 【解析】這個(gè)答案的選擇應(yīng)由上下兩句對(duì)話內(nèi)容作出決定。 20— Oh, dear! W

41、ho broke the glass? —＿＿＿ Sam ＿＿＿Bruce. It was the cat. A Both, and B Not, but C Neither, nor D Either, or 【答案】C. 【解析】neither…nor意為既不……也不…… 21 The students are having a good time in the park. Some are drawing by the lake.＿＿＿are climbing the hill. A Others B Other C Another D The ot

42、her 【答案】A. 【解析】這里因?yàn)槭谴鎻?fù)數(shù)名詞，所以應(yīng)用名詞性的復(fù)數(shù)代名詞。 22 She is not a nurse. I'm not＿＿＿. A also B either C neither D too 【答案】B. 【解析】在否定句中該用either,而不用too和also. 23 I have two pencils. One is red,＿＿＿ is blue. A the other B another C others D the others 【答案】A. 【解析】兩者中的另一個(gè)應(yīng)為特指。而且應(yīng)為單數(shù)形式的代名詞。而

43、another是泛指單數(shù)代名詞。others是泛指復(fù)數(shù)代名詞，而the others是特指復(fù)數(shù)代名詞。 24 ---Sorry, I can't answer your question. ---I know ＿＿＿about the subject. A little B a little C few D a few 【答案】A. 【解析】中文講我對(duì)此知道的不多，而英文中要用little。其含意為否定句。 25 My sister doesn't like skating＿＿＿. A So do I B So I don't C

44、Neither I don't D Neither do I 【答案】D. 【解析】這是表達(dá)上面否定句中的動(dòng)作，也同樣不適合于第二個(gè)人。所以要用neither,并要采用倒裝句。 26 Yesterday morning there were only three boys in our room,＿＿＿. A you, he and I B I, you and he C he, I and you D you, I and he 【答案】A. 【解析】這是若干人稱代詞并列時(shí)的順序問題。請參看辨解析中的例子。 27 All the stude

45、nts are busy, so＿＿＿of them will go to the concert. A many B little C a few D few 【答案】D. 【解析】student為可數(shù)名詞。 28 The teacher gave ＿＿＿student a new book. A nobody B both C each D any 【答案】C. 【解析】both其后的名詞應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù)，而any用于疑問句和否定句中只有each可以修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。 29 Black is neither a teacher ＿＿＿a w

46、orker. A or B either C nor D and 【答案】C. 【解析】neither…nor為“既不……也不……”的固定搭配。 30 Our teacher gave us＿＿＿on studying. A many advices B some advices C an advice D some advice 【答案】D. 【解析】advice為不可數(shù)名詞。some可用于可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞之前。 31 There are two foreign friends in the park. One ＿＿＿i

47、s from Japan, is from America. A other B others C the other D the others 【答案】C. 【解析】因?yàn)槭莾烧咧械囊粋€(gè)，所以另一個(gè)應(yīng)用單數(shù)特指代詞。 32 Are there ＿＿＿on the table? A some cups B any cup C some cup D any cups 【答案】D. 【解析】此句是疑問句，應(yīng)用any cups, 因提問時(shí)的be動(dòng)詞用的是are。 33 I've just bought five st

48、amps. One is a German stamp, ＿＿＿are American stamps. A the other B the others C other D others 【答案】B. 【解析】此空應(yīng)填入主語。又因其范圍已定，所以應(yīng)選特指的代名詞。the other只能用作單數(shù)，而others是泛指復(fù)數(shù)代名詞，故只能選B。 34 It was＿＿＿ fine day that they went to the park. A a so B so a C such a D a such 【答案】C. 【解析】在單數(shù)可

49、數(shù)名詞前可以有兩種表達(dá)法，即such+不定冠詞+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式，如：such a good day，或者用so加形容詞+不定冠詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，如：so good a day. 35 At that time the train was slow and noisy. So＿＿＿people liked taking trains. A little B a little C few D a few 【答案】C. 【解析】這是英文的表達(dá)法與中文不同之處。中文講只有少數(shù)人喜歡坐火車，英文要選用“few”。 36 We must help an

50、d understand each＿＿＿. A other B another C others D the other 【答案】A. 【解析】each other意為“互相”，是習(xí)慣用語。 37 ＿＿＿is difficult to walk on the moon. A Man B One C That D It 【答案】D. 【解析】這里的真正主語應(yīng)為不定式to walk on the moon.而形式主語只能用it. 38 Jane has sent several letters, but ＿＿＿of them h

51、ave been answered. A all B both C either D none 【答案】D. 【解析】several letters意為“若干信件”，應(yīng)看作多于兩者，則在A、D中作選擇，僅D符合句意。 39 I don't know ＿＿＿about the new headmaster. A something B everything C nothing D anything 【答案】D. 【解析】否定句中應(yīng)用anything. 40＿＿＿ of the students in the whole class could do this physics question. A No B None C Not D Neither 【答案】B. 【解析】none在此處意為“沒有人”。