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1、 Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note 李仕才 【閱讀理解插花】 Some of us feel well-rested after a solid eight hours of sleep. For others, closer to nine feels best. For others still, a little less will do. How much sleep we prefer to get is highly subjective. But how much sleep we need is a bit more concrete

2、. “Sleep time was one of the most visited pages on the NSF website, but it wasn’t really clear how those recommendations had been arrived at. ” Max Hirshkowitz, a sleep expert said. To reassure that the information provided there was the most accurate and up to date, a group of 18 experts conduc

3、ted a formal literature review. They focused on the body of research surrounding sleep duration in healthy human subjects that had been published in peer-reviewed journals between 2004 and 2014. Then they were able to fine-tune existing sleep duration recommendations as detailed below: Newborns (0

4、-3 months): 14-17 hours (range narrowed from 12-18) Infants (4-11 months): 12-15 hours (range widened from 14-15) Toddlers (1-2 years): 11-14 hours (range widened from 12-14) Preschoolers (3-5): 10-13 hours (range widened from 11-13) School-age Children (6-13): 9-11 hours (range widened from 10-

5、11) Teenagers (14-17): 8-10 hours (range widened from 8. 5-9. 5) Young Adults (18-25): 7-9 hours (new age category) Adults (26-64): 7-9 hours (no change) “It’s the first time that any professional organization has developed age-specific recommended sleep durations” Hirshkowitz said, “It’s not an

6、 exact science, but it’s a start. Like most things, it’s successive approximation that gets you to the goal. The first time somebody built a wristwatch, it wasn’t very good, but after hundreds of years of making precise changes, to have a timepiece that doesn’t tell time is pretty unusual. ” As more

7、 and more research is conducted around sleep duration, subsequent minor changes will be made, he said, helping experts to zero in on the absolute best recommendations to give to patients. 【文章大意】本文中作者介紹了一些專家通過對(duì)發(fā)表在2004年到2014年期間雜志上對(duì)人們需要多長時(shí)間的睡眠給出的科學(xué)依據(jù)。 1. What can we know from the first paragraph?

8、A. The sleep we need is different from person to person. B. The sleep we need is inaccurate in amount. C. The sleep we need is uncertain in length. D. The sleep we need is unimportant in significance. 【解析】選A。推理判斷題。第一段提到有的人睡8小時(shí)就會(huì)精力充沛, 有的人則更多, 也有的人會(huì)更少, 由此可判斷出我們需要的睡眠時(shí)長是因人而異的。 2. Which of the f

9、ollowing can replace the underlined word “duration” in Paragraph 3? A. Habit. 　　 B. Period. C. Quality. 　　 D. Problem. 【解析】選B。詞義猜測題。根據(jù)下文列出的不同人群的睡眠時(shí)間可知該詞指“期間, 持續(xù)的時(shí)間”。 3. The example of the wristwatch shows that ________. A. nothing is perfect B. everything is difficult at the beginn

10、ing C. continuous effort makes perfect D. practice makes perfect 【解析】選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)本段中的“Like most things, it’s successive approximation that gets you to the goal. ”和下文的解釋可知是人們對(duì)手表進(jìn)行不斷的改進(jìn)和完善才有了如今精準(zhǔn)的手表, 這說明事物都需要一個(gè)逐步完善和改進(jìn)的過程。 4. What is the writer’s purpose of writing this passage? A. To tell people

11、how important sleep quality is. B. To tell people how much sleep we need. C. To tell people how sleep experts do experiments. D. To tell people how sleep affects health. 【解析】選B。目的意圖題。文章開頭介紹了人們需要不同時(shí)間的睡眠, 然后介紹了NSF網(wǎng)站對(duì)不同年齡群體所需睡眠時(shí)間的建議, 由此判斷選B。 教材與語法填空 根據(jù)教材課文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Sail

12、ing home, Henry, an American businessman, found himself 1. (carry) out to sea by a strong wind. When he was just about to give himself up, he 2. (spot) by a ship and he landed in London 3. accident. Hungry and alone, he walked on the streets of the city when he was 4. (expect) c

13、alled into a mansion，5. two rich brothers, Oliver and Roderick, gave him 6. letter and told him not to open it until two o’clock of the day. Not 7. (know) it was a million pound bank note, Henry left the mansion and went into a cheap restaurant to stuff his stomach. Everybody was ru

14、de to him because he was in 8. (rag) and looked depressed. Then, to the surprise of everybody, he handed the owner a million pound bank note to pay for the meal. On seeing the note, all the people in the restaurant became polite and tried 9. (they) best to please Henry. Don’t you think it’

15、s the 10. (incredible) tale in the world? 答案：1.carried　2.was spotted　3.by　4.unexpectedly　5.where　6.a　7.knowing　8.rags　9.their 10．most incredible 教材與話題寫作 (Ⅰ)用本單元所學(xué)知識(shí)完成下列句子。 1．馬克·吐溫，成長于美國中部的密蘇里州，是19世紀(jì)美國最著名的作家之一。(bring up) 答案：Mark Twain was one of the b

16、est known American writers in the nineteenth century and was brought up in Missouri in the middle part of the United States. 2．他的家鄉(xiāng)在密西西比河河畔，馬克·吐溫在那里度過了他的童年。成年后，起初未經(jīng)父親同意，他冒險(xiǎn)在密西西比河的船上當(dāng)過一段時(shí)間的水手。(take a chance; permit) 答案：His hometown lay on the banks of the Missi

17、ssippi River, where he spent his childhood. When he grew up, he took a chance to work as a sailor on a river boat for some time, which was not permitted by his father at first. 3．在征求了父親的一些有用的建議后，他決定當(dāng)一名作家。這一職業(yè)幫他賺了很多錢。(seek; an amount of) 答案：After seeking some u

18、seful advice from his father, he decided to become a writer, which helped him make an amount of money. 4．他的作品有一種諷刺(wry)意味的幽默，這就是全世界讀者深深喜愛他的作品的原因。(account for) 答案：There is a wry sense of humor in his works, which accounted for the reason why his works are deepl

19、y loved by readers throughout the world. (Ⅱ)將以上句子連成短文，要求銜接連貫、過渡自然。 【完形填空插花】 閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。 When I was young，I th

20、ought that kindness was a beneficial thing.I __1__ that I could just give what I thought others __2__ and I would get a one way ticket to Happyville (快樂小鎮(zhèn)). This thought process was __3__ changed when I suffered from clinical depression. __4__ became obvious that what I needed，as everyone did，was ju

21、st the __5__ to love oneself. Apart from that，I had to learn how to make deeper and more meaningful connections __6__ people. My struggle with mental health was something that __7__ into a campaign to let every single person know that they __8__ and couldn't be replaced.At high school，it could be _

22、_9__ to convey this idea，but I __10__ pursued my passions (激情). The __11__ of my effort were the habits and traditions I had created to help __12__：Every Friday，I went to school with homework treats and __13__ them to those who seemed to need a pick-me-up.I tried to __14__ as many names as I possibl

23、y could.I had started a club which gave students a __15__ place to express themselves and learn __16__ to apply empathy(同感，共鳴) in their everyday lives. On my personal social media account, I posted weekly __17__ to inspire both myself and my friends. When I go off the college this year，I'll be work

24、ing towards a degree in college.This will help me start a non-profit foundation in the future.My __18__ goal is to prove that the world is not a collection of __19__ problems，but something that can be changed by even the __20__ actions. 1．A.wondered B．figured C．doubted D．predicted 2．A

25、.wanted B．ignored C．lost D．ordered 3．A.unfortunately B．totally C．regularly D．a(chǎn)ccurately 4．A.It B．They C．He D．This 5．A.ability B．desire C．belief D．reason 6．A.for B．with C．from D．a(chǎn)bout 7．A.fell B

26、．divided C．broke D．turned 8．A.mattered B．existed C．survived D．succeeded 9．A.difficult B．funny C．different D．perfect 10．A.casually B．briefly C．firmly D．surely 11．A.difficulty B．purpose C．fruits D．method 12．A.strangers

27、 B．teenagers C．friends D．families 13．A.led B．lent C．passed D．limited 14．A.write B．memorize C．prepare D．recall 15．A.quiet B．important C．large D．safe 16．A.how B．what C．where D．when 17．A.discussions

28、 B．suggestions C．experience D．theories 18．A.final B．primary C．simple D．grand 19．A.complex B．unsolvable C．unknown D．terrible 20．A.latest B．laziest C．slowest D．smallest 【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者與抑郁癥作斗爭的經(jīng)歷使他轉(zhuǎn)變了思想，并用實(shí)際行動(dòng)來幫助青少年和朋友們。他告訴大家，每個(gè)人都同樣重

29、要并且不可替代。因此我們必須做出行動(dòng)，因?yàn)榧词故亲钚〉男袆?dòng)都可以產(chǎn)生影響。 1．B　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意為：我以為只要我能給予別人我認(rèn)為他們想要的東西，我就能得到一張去快樂小鎮(zhèn)的單程票。A項(xiàng)意為“想知道”；B項(xiàng)意為“認(rèn)為，以為”；C項(xiàng)意為“懷疑”；D項(xiàng)意為“預(yù)測”。短文第一句說明了作者小時(shí)候的想法，即作者認(rèn)為善良是一件有益的事情，然后接著詳細(xì)地解釋他的想法。B項(xiàng)符合語境。故選B。 2．A　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“想要”；B項(xiàng)意為“忽視”；C項(xiàng)意為“丟失”；D項(xiàng)意為“命令，訂購”。此處指作者認(rèn)為給予別人他認(rèn)為別人需要的東西，他就會(huì)快樂。A項(xiàng)符合語境。故選A。 3．B　考查副詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“

30、不幸地”；B項(xiàng)意為“完全地”；C項(xiàng)意為“定期地”；D項(xiàng)意為“準(zhǔn)確地”。由下文可知，因?yàn)樽髡叩呐R床抑郁癥，作者以前給予別人想要的東西的想法變成了努力用他的想法去影響別人，改變別人，所以此處表達(dá)的是“這個(gè)思維過程完全變了”。B項(xiàng)符合語境。故選B。 4．A　考查代詞辨析。此處為句型“It becomes/became＋adj.＋that從句”，代詞it為形式主語，that引導(dǎo)的從句為真正的主語。故選A。 5．A　考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“能力”；B項(xiàng)意為“渴望”；C項(xiàng)意為“信念”；D項(xiàng)意為“理由”。ability to do sth.表示“做某件事的能力”，根據(jù)語境可知，作者所需要的和每個(gè)人所需要

31、的一樣，就是愛自己的能力。A項(xiàng)符合語境。故選A。 6．B　考查介詞辨析。句意為：除了這一點(diǎn)，我必須學(xué)會(huì)如何與人們建立更深、更有意義的聯(lián)系。make connection with...是固定短語，表示“與……建立聯(lián)系”。故選B。 7．D　考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。各選項(xiàng)所給動(dòng)詞均可與介詞into構(gòu)成固定搭配：fall into意為“跌入”；divide into意為“分成”；break into意為“闖入”；turn into意為“變成”。由上文可知，作者的思維過程改變了，產(chǎn)生了新的想法，因此作者表達(dá)的是他在心理健康方面的掙扎變成了一場運(yùn)動(dòng)。turn into符合語境。故選D。 8．A　考查動(dòng)詞

32、辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“重要，有關(guān)系”；B項(xiàng)意為“存在”；C項(xiàng)意為“幸存”；D項(xiàng)意為“成功”。根據(jù)空格后面的“and couldn’t be replaced”可推知，此處表達(dá)的是“讓每個(gè)人都知道他們很重要，無法被替代”。A項(xiàng)符合語境。故選A。 9．A　考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“困難的”；B項(xiàng)意為“滑稽的”；C項(xiàng)意為“不同的”；D項(xiàng)意為“完美的”。由轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but和第二個(gè)分句的內(nèi)容可知，此處指的是“在高中，很難傳遞這個(gè)想法”。A項(xiàng)符合語境。故選A。 10．C　考查副詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“隨意地”；B項(xiàng)意為“簡短地”；C項(xiàng)意為“堅(jiān)定地”；D項(xiàng)意為“確信地”。根據(jù)but表示轉(zhuǎn)折可知，此處應(yīng)表達(dá)“但是我堅(jiān)定

33、地追隨我的激情”。C項(xiàng)符合語境。故選C。 11．C　考查名詞辨析。上文提到雖然在學(xué)校作者很難傳遞自己的思想，但是他不放棄，由此可知，作者努力的結(jié)果就是他創(chuàng)造了幫助……的習(xí)慣和傳統(tǒng)。此處fruits表示“結(jié)果，成果”，符合語境。故選C。 12．B　考查名詞辨析。 ...Every Friday，I went to school with homework treats and ________ them to those who seemed to need a pick-me-up.(第二段第三句) 譯文：……每個(gè)星期五，我?guī)е鳂I(yè)的獎(jiǎng)品來到學(xué)校，把它們發(fā)給那些似乎需要提神的孩子們。

34、 由關(guān)鍵句可以推斷，作者幫助的是那些青少年們。teenager意為“青年，青少年”，符合語境。故選B。 13．C　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。pass sth.to sb.是固定短語，意為“把……傳遞/分發(fā)蛤某人”，此處表達(dá)的是作者把帶來的作業(yè)獎(jiǎng)品發(fā)給那些需要提神的孩子們。故選C。 14．B　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“寫”；B項(xiàng)意為“記住”；C項(xiàng)意為“準(zhǔn)備”；D項(xiàng)意為“回憶”。由語境可知，作者想幫助青少年，所以他盡可能多地記住他們的名字。故選B。 15．D　考查形容詞辨析。作者建立了一個(gè)俱樂部，學(xué)生們?cè)谶@里可以表達(dá)自己的想法，由此可知這是一個(gè)安全的地方，學(xué)生們能夠暢所欲言。safe意為“安全的”，符合語

35、境。故選D。 16．A　考查連接詞辨析。此處為“疑問詞＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語。由語境可知，作者想讓學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)如何把表達(dá)的情感運(yùn)用到日常生活中。how意為“怎樣，如何”，符合語境。故選A。 17．B　考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“討論”；B項(xiàng)意為“建議”；C項(xiàng)意為“經(jīng)驗(yàn)”；D項(xiàng)意為“理論”。在作者的個(gè)人社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)賬號(hào)上，作者每周發(fā)出的用于激勵(lì)自己和朋友的帖子應(yīng)是建議之類的內(nèi)容。B項(xiàng)符合語境，其余各項(xiàng)均與語境不符。故選B。 18．A　考查形容詞辨析。This will help me start a nod-profit foundation in the future.(最后一段第二句) 譯文：這將

36、幫助我在將來建立一個(gè)非盈利基金會(huì)。 由關(guān)鍵句可知，作者一直堅(jiān)持自己的信仰和做法，那么接著說的就是他的最終目標(biāo)。final意為“最后的，最終的”，符合語境。故選A。 19．B　考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“復(fù)雜的”；B項(xiàng)意為“難以解決的”；C項(xiàng)意為“未知的”；D項(xiàng)意為“糟糕的”。由語境可知，作者的最終目標(biāo)是要證明這個(gè)世界不是無法解決的問題的集合體。unsolvable與下文的“can be changed”相銜接且符合語境。故選B。 20．D　考查形容詞最高級(jí)辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“最新的”；B項(xiàng)意為“最懶的”；C項(xiàng)意為“最慢的”；D項(xiàng)意為“最小的”。由本句中的“even”可知，此處指的是甚至是最小的

37、行動(dòng)都會(huì)改變一些事情。D項(xiàng)符合語境。故選D。 下面是李華的一篇作文，文中有五處錯(cuò)誤，改正錯(cuò)誤并背誦該文。 Mark Twain, one of the best known American writers in the nineteenth century, brought up in Missouri in the middle part of the United States. Mark Twain’s hometown lay on the banks of the Mississippi River, where he spent his childhood. Wh

38、en he grew up, he took a chance to work as a sailor on a river boat for some time, which was not permitted by his father at the first. After seeking some useful advices from his father, he decided to become a writer, which helped him making an amount of money. There is a wry sense of humor in his w

39、orks, which accounted for the reason because his works are deeply loved by readers throughout the world. 答案： Mark Twain, one of the best known American writers in the nineteenth century， brought up in Missouri in the middle part of the United States. Mark Twain’s hometown lay on the banks of the

40、Mississippi River, where he spent his childhood. When he grew up, he took a chance to work as a sailor on a river boat for some time, which was not permitted by his father at first. After seeking some useful from his father, he decided to become a writer, which helped him an amount of money. There is a wry sense of humor in his works, which accounted for the reason his works are deeply loved by readers throughout the world. 8