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1、語法專項(xiàng)（三）介詞（短語） 單句語法填空 1．(2019·湖南六校聯(lián)考)In many places like Britain and Italy, if you leave the house without your wallet, you’ll be a difficult situation all day. in　解析：句意：在很多像英國和意大利這樣的地方，如果你沒帶錢包就出門，你整天都會(huì)處于困境之中。in a(n)．..situation意為“處于某種處境”，為固定搭配。 2．(2019·湖南岳陽一中月考)Meanwhile, those w

2、ho are successful and famous have to deal with constant media attention. They are also huge pressure to appear young and beautiful. under　解析：句意：同時(shí)，那些成功人和名人不得不應(yīng)對(duì)媒體的持續(xù)關(guān)注。他們也處于保持年輕漂亮的巨大壓力中。under pressure 是固定短語，意為“處于壓力中”。 3．(2019·湖北華大聯(lián)盟質(zhì)檢)The theory of kung fu is based classica

3、l Chinese philosophy(哲學(xué))． on/upon　解析：base...on/upon...為固定搭配，意為“建立在……基礎(chǔ)上”。 4．(2019·山東煙臺(tái)期中)The city looked almost the same as it had looked in A．D. 79. There were streets and fountains, houses and shops. There was a stadium 20，000 seats. with　解析：句意：這座城市看起來與公元79 年的樣子幾乎相同。有街道和噴泉，房舍和商店。有一個(gè)有

4、兩萬個(gè)座位的體育館。空格處用介詞with 表示“有……”，作后置定語修飾stadium。 5．(2019·天水模擬)Nowadays, the development of technology, online shopping is becoming more and more convenient. with　解析：考查介詞。with the development of為固定搭配，意為“隨著……的發(fā)展”，故填with。 6．(2019·廣西貴港聯(lián)考)The university is famous outstanding academ

5、ic achievements and the high quality of research undertaken in a wide range of science and arts subjects. for　解析：句意：這所大學(xué)以杰出的學(xué)術(shù)成就和廣泛的理科和文科課程方面所承擔(dān)的高質(zhì)量的研究而聞名?？崭窈竺娴膬?nèi)容是出名的原因，介詞for表示“因?yàn)椤薄? 7．(2019·平頂山調(diào)研)Another good reason reading books is that it is useful. for　解析：在reason后面用for表示“……的原因”，故填f

6、or。 8．(2019·山東師大附中二模)You can also apply a chance to get an informal position related to your desired industry. for　解析：句意：你也可以申請(qǐng)獲得與你所渴望的領(lǐng)域相關(guān)的一個(gè)非正式職位的機(jī)會(huì)。apply for表示“申請(qǐng)”。 9．(2019·河南豫南九校質(zhì)量考評(píng))My parents and teachers were surprised my bad performance. at　解析：句意：我的父母和老師對(duì)我不好的表現(xiàn)

7、感到很驚訝。be surprised at為固定短語，意為：對(duì)……感到驚訝。 10．(2019·福州八中質(zhì)檢)My experience has taught me that only if we attach great importance cooperation can we go beyond ourselves. to　解析：attach importance to為固定短語，意為“重視”。 單句改錯(cuò) 1．(2019·江南十校模擬)During the National Day holiday, I paid a visit my grandma

8、 in the countryside. 在visit后加to　解析：pay a visit to為固定短語，意為“參觀，訪問”。 2．(2019·廈門一中模擬)I believe I will have a wonderful time in this summer.

9、 去掉in　解析：當(dāng)名詞前有this, that, last, next等詞修飾時(shí)，一般不再用介詞。 3．(2019·淮南二中模擬)Nowadays, people in many big cities are complaining the heavy traffic. 在complaining后加about　解析：complain about為固定短語，意為“抱怨”。 4．(2019·山東臨沂一模)If you find a po

10、sition at there, I’m sure you’ll have a rapid improvement in both your character and ability. 去掉at　解析：句意：如果你在那里找到一個(gè)職位，我確信你會(huì)在品質(zhì)和能力上都會(huì)有迅速地提升。there為副詞，可單獨(dú)作狀語，故去掉at。 5．(2019·貴陽檢測(cè))But the butcher refused and even argued that it

11、 wouldn’t do harm for her health. for→to　解析：考查介詞。do harm to為固定搭配，意為“對(duì)……有危害”，故將for改為to。 語法填空 (2019·福州畢業(yè)班適應(yīng)性練習(xí))Most Americans think of New Year as a single day on January 1st. However, Chinese-Americans and people fr

12、om other cultures that use 1. (difference) calendars each have another celebration as well. A good example of this is the Chinese New Year celebration in San Francisco, 2. is similar in style to what we do in Shanghai. The 3. famous part of Chinese New Year in S

13、an Francisco is the parade, which is watched by over three million people every year. The parade 4. (march) through downtown and Chinatown with over a hundred entries taking part. 5. the course of the parade，cheering from the crowd is mixed with drums and music as local commun

14、ity 6. (group) wave banners, flags，and carry lanterns. Chinese-themed floats will “float” by, including 7. long Golden Dragon float that takes one hundred people to operate. Local kung fu schools will perform lion dances when firecrackers explode around 8. (they) fee

15、t. For many Americans, 9. (celebrate) their ancestral culture is as important as American culture, and they celebrate both. If you have a chance 10. (visit) the United States, you may have the chance to see some of the celebrations yourself. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了在舊金山的美籍華人慶祝新年

16、的活動(dòng)。 1．different　解析：考查形容詞?？仗幮揎椇竺娴拿~“calendars”，故應(yīng)用形容詞。句意：然而，美籍華人和其他使用不同歷法的來自其他文化的人也有另一種慶祝方式。 2．which　解析：考查定語從句。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句為非限制性定語從句，句中the Chinese New Year celebration in San Francisco為先行詞，空處為關(guān)系代詞，引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，且在從句中作主語，故填which。 3．most　解析：考查形容詞的最高級(jí)。根據(jù)該句中的“famous part of Chinese New Year in San Franci

17、sco is the parade, which is watched by over three million people every year”可知，在舊金山，中國新年最著名的部分就是列隊(duì)表演，每年有超過300萬人觀看。根據(jù)句意可知，空處應(yīng)填形容詞的最高級(jí)。 4．marches　解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意：展示隊(duì)伍穿過市區(qū)和唐人街，有一百多個(gè)參賽隊(duì)伍參加。根據(jù)該句句意可知，該句陳述的是一般事實(shí)，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 5．In　解析：考查介詞。句意：在列隊(duì)展示的過程中，來自人群的歡呼聲和鼓聲、音樂混合在一起，當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)的人們揮舞著橫幅、旗幟、提著燈籠。In表示“在……里(中)”，符合語境。

18、 6．groups　解析：考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意見上題，根據(jù)句意并結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)團(tuán)體有多個(gè)，故用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 7．a(chǎn)　解析：考查不定冠詞。該處泛指“一條金色長龍”，故用不定冠詞。句意：以中國為主題的花車將“漂浮”起來，其中包括一條由100人操作的金色長龍。 8．their　解析：考查代詞。根據(jù)空處后的名詞“feet”可知，空處修飾該名詞，故用形容詞性物主代詞。句意：當(dāng)爆竹在他們的腳周圍爆炸時(shí)，當(dāng)?shù)氐墓Ψ驅(qū)W校將會(huì)表演舞獅。 9．celebrating　解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處與“their ancestral culture”充當(dāng)句子的主語，表示一種約定俗成的習(xí)慣，

19、故用動(dòng)詞-ing形式。句意：對(duì)許多美國人來說，慶祝他們的祖先文化和美國文化一樣重要，他們慶祝這兩種文化。 10．to visit　解析：考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：如果你有機(jī)會(huì)去美國參觀，你就可能有機(jī)會(huì)親自去看這些慶祝活動(dòng)。根據(jù)語境可知，空處表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，故用動(dòng)詞不定式作后置定語。 短文改錯(cuò) (2019·太原階段性測(cè)評(píng))Chinese is one of the world’s most widely spoken languages. There are much different types of Chinese. For example, one type known as M

20、andarin, had almost a billion speakers. Outside of China, Chinese in some form is spoken Chinese communities worldwide. The different kinds of Chinese language use a same script. While someone from the north of China may need the speech of someone from the south interpreted, but it is not usually ne

21、cessary to have written documents translating. In the early twenty century, a government language policy created Modern Standard Chinese, that is now the official language of China. It is one of the official language of the United Nations to develop more effectively communication. 答案： Chinese is o

22、ne of the world’s most widely spoken languages. There are different types of Chinese. For example, one type known as Mandarin, almost a billion speakers. Outside of China, Chinese in some form is spoken Chinese communities worldwide. The different kinds of Chinese language use same script. While

23、 someone from the north of China may need the speech of someone from the south interpreted, it is not usually necessary to have written documents . In the early century, a government language policy created Modern Standard Chinese, is now the official language of China. It is one of the official of the United Nations to develop more communication. 6