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1、 第一講 │ 提高語言表達(dá)技巧 高考書面表達(dá)最高檔次的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中，要求“詞匯豐富，有修辭意識(shí)，顯示出較強(qiáng)的語言運(yùn)用能力”。因此要想在高考英語寫作中取得高分，就必須使用一定的高級(jí)詞匯和句式，為文章增加閃光點(diǎn)，避免單一、呆板的句式，從而增添語言表達(dá)的多樣性和靈活性，提高文章的檔次。 1.肯定不如雙否好 修辭的使用在寫作中是很大的亮點(diǎn)，雙重否定也是種修辭，可以在文章中設(shè)計(jì)雙重否定的句子。 [典例]　The postman comes on time every day. →The postman never fails to come on time every day. [典

2、例]　He believes that he has enough time to challenge himself. → He believes that it is never too late to challenge himself. [典例]　Ms.Li spent a wonderful time with us，but we know that we should thank her for all her hard work and guidance very much. →Ms.Li spent a wonderful time with us，but we know

3、 that we cannot thank her enough for all her hard work and guidance. [典例]　I quite agree with this view. →I can’t agree more with this view. 應(yīng)用類似的修辭會(huì)在高考中為考生加分。 2.陳述不如倒裝妙 在寫作中閱卷老師喜歡看到的高級(jí)語法共有五種：倒裝、強(qiáng)調(diào)、從句、獨(dú)立主格或分詞結(jié)構(gòu)以及虛擬語氣。倒裝是一種最簡(jiǎn)單易行的使句子呈現(xiàn)亮點(diǎn)的方法。在高中階段只需掌握倒裝的四種形式，足以應(yīng)對(duì)寫作，如何應(yīng)用倒裝，有很多方法和技巧。 (1)否定詞開頭 [典例]　

4、I will never marry you. →Never will I marry you. 其他的否定詞，如not，seldom，hardly等開頭的句子倒裝都是比較好的句子。 (2)地點(diǎn)狀語開頭 [典例]　Our library is in the center of our school. →In the center of our school lies our library. [典例]　There are some flowers on the bank. →On the bank stand some flowers. 在表達(dá)地點(diǎn)時(shí)就把地點(diǎn)狀語放在句首，后面進(jìn)

5、行主謂倒裝，這樣做的好處之一是倒裝本身就是高級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)，第二是倒裝后把真正的主語放到了句子的末尾，后面還可以繼續(xù)加從句，使整個(gè)句子呈現(xiàn)更多的亮點(diǎn)。 [典例]　In the center of our school lies our library，which is between the garden and the teaching building. (3)only＋介詞短語 [典例]　We can live in more comfortable and beautiful surroundings only in this way. →Only in this way can we

6、 live in more comfortable and beautiful surroundings. (4)形容詞＋as＋主語＋謂語動(dòng)詞 [典例]　Although I felt disappointed at the shabby campus and the poorly-equipped classroom，I found the teachers patient and considerate. →Disappointed as I felt at the shabby campus and the poorly-equipped classroom，I found th

7、e teachers patient and considerate. [典例]　Although our country is rich，we have a lot of problems. → Rich as our country is，we have a lot of problems. 還有其他的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)： [典例]　So glad am I to hear from you. 3.主動(dòng)不如被動(dòng)巧 在英文中，被動(dòng)語態(tài)的使用很重要。因?yàn)橛⒄Z中經(jīng)常用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，漢語中經(jīng)常用主動(dòng)語態(tài)；英語中經(jīng)常用物稱或形式主語開頭，強(qiáng)調(diào)一件事發(fā)生在什么人身上，而漢語經(jīng)常用人稱開頭強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)人發(fā)生了

8、什么事。所以使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)符合英語的習(xí)慣，如果能將整個(gè)文章中兩個(gè)句子變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)，就會(huì)呈現(xiàn)出豐富的句型，整篇文章也生動(dòng)起來。 [典例]　Then we will cut the cake and we’ll sing songs and play games. →Then the cake will be cut and we’ll sing songs and play games. 4.分詞結(jié)構(gòu)不能少 在所有的高級(jí)語法中，閱卷老師最喜歡看到的是獨(dú)立主格和分詞結(jié)構(gòu)，其實(shí)幾乎所有的狀語從句都可以變成獨(dú)立主格或分詞結(jié)構(gòu)。 如何變成獨(dú)立主格或分詞結(jié)構(gòu)呢？學(xué)會(huì)下面的口訣，如果你的作文中有狀

9、語從句，馬上可改成獨(dú)立主格或分詞結(jié)構(gòu)這個(gè)最大的亮點(diǎn)?？谠E：一去，二看，三改。一去：去連詞；二看：看主語；三改：改分詞。 [典例]　If such is the case，you should apologize to her. 第一步，去掉連詞if； 第二步，看前后兩句話的主語，前后主語不一致，所以要改成獨(dú)立主格； 第三步，改分詞，is變成分詞是being，所以最后變成：Such being the case，you should apologize to her. [典例]　Ms.Li entered the classroom，and he was surprised to fi

10、nd we were standing in line，clapping hands and saying loudly “Happy Teachers’ Day！” →Entering the classroom，Ms.Li was surprised to find we were standing in line，clapping hands and saying loudly “Happy Teachers’ Day！” [典例]　I saw them on the bus; I felt a kind of satisfaction. → Seeing them on the

11、bus，I felt a kind of satisfaction. 1.合并句子(豐富結(jié)構(gòu)) ·Not only can I improve my oral English but also I learn some customs in western countries. ·For one thing，they help to improve my writing skills and broaden my horizons.For another，they can enrich my life and provide me with great fun. 2.改變語態(tài)(避免

12、單調(diào)) ·Besides，I am a book-lover and the books are so well kept that they are as good as new. 3.使用省略(達(dá)到言簡(jiǎn)意賅的效果) ·If so，please keep quiet about it because we want to give him a surprise. 4.使用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型(突出語意) ·My experience tells me that it is not what you are given but how you make use of it that determ

13、ines who you are. ·It is for these reasons that I finally made my choice. ·It’s because of this and my effort in class that I managed to get the first place in the English Contest held recently in our school. 5.使用倒裝句(增強(qiáng)說服力) ·So suddenly did he catch the disease that the whole family were at a gr

14、eat loss. 6.使用虛擬語氣(提出建議，委婉表達(dá)，易于接受) ·She would have never thought a complete surprise was waiting for her. 7.使用with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)(豐富句式) ·The park was full of freshness and beauty of spring，with the sun shining and birds singing. 8.使用狀語從句(強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語或句子) ·Whenever I had difficulties，they were always available.

15、9.使用定語從句(表意豐富) ·In 2012，he who was praised by his teacher for being good at arranging time received his fourth degree through learning on the Internet. ·Last but not least，my physics teacher is my role model，whose influence on me had a lot to do with my decision. 10.使用名詞性從句(體現(xiàn)扎實(shí)的語言功底) ·Not to mi

16、nd what others say so long as we are confident in what we have done. ·My English is just OK and the two main problems in my study are that I feel it difficult to learn words by heart，and that I often feel nervous when speaking English. 11.使用非謂語動(dòng)詞(不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞以及動(dòng)名詞的使用，可使句式多樣化) ·What’s worse，they

17、spat and even threw rubbish into the lake，totally ignoring the noticeable sign “No Littering” nearby. ·Su Hua and Li Jiang bumped into each other，trying to catch the ball. 一、用復(fù)合句完成下列句子 1.一個(gè)人要是不努力，就將一事無成。(狀語從句) Nobody can achieve anything of real significance unless__he__works__hard. 2.與逃逸的司機(jī)相

18、比，我為我所做的感到自豪。(賓語從句) Compared with the escaped driver，I am proud of what__I__did. 3.不可否認(rèn)的事實(shí)是，環(huán)境污染越來越嚴(yán)重了。(同位語從句) No one can deny the fact that__the__environment__is__getting__polluted__more__and__more__seriously. 4.使我印象最深的是他們都經(jīng)過了專業(yè)培訓(xùn)。(主語從句與表語從句) What__impressed__me__most was that__they__had__had_

19、_professional__training. 5.鞋在我們的生活中起著重要作用，因?yàn)樗鼈兡軌虮Ｗo(hù)我們的腳免受傷害。(狀語從句) Shoes play an important role in our life，for__they__can__protect__our__feet__from__being__hurt. 6.我最大的愛好是讀書看報(bào)，這已經(jīng)成為我日常生活中不可或缺的一部分。(定語從句) My favorite hobbies are reading books and newspapers，which__have__become__a__necessary__part_

20、_of__my__daily__life. 7.眾所周知，由于全球氣候變化，地球正變得越來越暖和。(定語從句) As__we__all__know/As__is__known__to__all，the earth is becoming warmer and warmer due to the global climate change. 8.我們到了一座小山，山腳下有一條小河在流淌。(定語從句) We arrived at a hill，at__the__foot__of__which__there__flows__a__small__river. 9.只要我們有堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的信念，就能夠

21、克服任何困難。(狀語從句) As__long__as__we__have__a__strong__will，we’ll be able to get over any difficulty. 10.每當(dāng)見到有人需要幫助時(shí)，我就會(huì)盡力去幫助他。(狀語從句) Whenever__I__see__someone__in__need，I will spare no effort to help him. 二、按要求升級(jí)下列句式 1.After we had practiced playing basketball for almost two months，we strongly desir

22、ed to be the winner.(用分詞作狀語改寫句子) →Having__practiced__playing__basketball__for__almost__two__months，we__strongly__desired__to__be__the__winner. 2.As the society develops rapidly，it’s necessary for us to have a good knowledge of English and computer.(用with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)改寫句子) →With__the__society__developing__

23、rapidly，it’s__necessary__for__us__to__have__a__good__knowledge__of__English__and__computer. 3.They are experienced，knowledgeable，patient and understanding.(用not only...but also...并列句型改寫句子) →They__are__not__only__experienced__and__knowledgeable，but__also__patient__and__understanding. 4.We should s

24、peak more English.We think it is very important.(用it作形式賓語改寫句子) →We__think__it__very__important__to__speak__more__English. 5.I realized the importance of English when I entered senior high school.(用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型改寫句子) →It__was__when__I__entered__senior__high__school__that__I__realized__the__importance__of__

25、English. 6.The children can grow up mentally and physically healthy only in this way.(用倒裝句改寫句子) →Only__in__this__way__can__the__children__grow__up__mentally__and__physically__healthy. 7.The local government didn’t realize the problem until the river was seriously polluted.(用倒裝句改寫句子) →Not__until__the__river__was__seriously__polluted__did__the__local__government__realize__the__problem. 8.It’s time for us to take measures to protect endangered animals.(用虛擬語氣改寫句子) →It’s__time__that__we__took/should__take__measures__to__protect__endangered__animals. 6