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1、題型組合訓(xùn)練十四（A） 閱讀理解 　　閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出最佳選項。 A (2018東北三省三校一模) WHERE TO GO IN AUGUST? In Europe August is the height of the peak season!Millions of holidaymakers from around the world invade the beaches and the countryside of Southern Europe. The climate is great for travel for just ab

2、out the whole of the continent with just a few areas affected by extreme heat. The north of Europe is lovely during this month and summer is the ideal time to visit those countries that are generally considered a little cold and damp such as Ireland, Scotland or Holland. In Asia This season is co

3、nsidered the least favourable. The monsoon(季風(fēng)) season is at its height over the majority of this area with the exception of only a few countries. Everywhere else a hot, and very damp climate prevails(盛行). In Africa Maghreb is crowded with tourists. The climate is hot and dry. The Atlantic coast of

4、 Morocco is pleasant thanks to the ocean's influence. Further to the south it is only along the latitudes(緯度地區(qū)) of Kenya and Tanzania that the climate becomes favourable to visitors. In America The north is generally hot and dry(sometimes extremely hot in the deserts towards the west of the USA).

5、Central America experiences a short rainy season at this time but towards the south the conditions are more favourable. 　　July and August are often not so pleasant when it comes to quietness and prices. The vast majority of European countries have their main holidays during this period so the hotel

6、s are generally crowded and the prices are high for the majority of destinations. 1.Which part may be the last choice for travelling in August? 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 A.Asia. B.Africa. C.Southern Europe. D.South America. 2.Besides climate, 　　　 can contribute to your disappointment when travelling

7、 in August.? A.hotel prices B.a peaceful environment C.transportation expenses D.troublesome holidaymakers 3.What does the underlined word“invade”in the part“In Europe”mean? A.Immigrate to. B.Visit separately. C.Enter in large numbers. D.Attack and occupy. 答案 [語篇解讀]　八月份該去哪里旅游呢?是歐洲、亞洲、非洲,還是美洲呢

8、?另外,八月份旅游有哪些不利之處呢?文章對這些問題進行了解答。 1.A　細節(jié)理解題。由In Asia一欄中的“This season is considered the least favourable.”可知,此時去亞洲旅游最為不利,因為季風(fēng)會影響到大部分地區(qū),氣候炎熱、潮濕,故A項正確。 2.A　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一部分的內(nèi)容可知,此時旅游在價格和安靜方面不理想,大部分賓館價格高昂且擁擠,故A項可能會讓游客失望。 3.C　詞義猜測題。上句提到“八月是旅游的高峰期”,由此推斷本句指出,大量游客會涌入南歐的海灘和鄉(xiāng)村,C項意為“大量進入”,符合語境。A項意為“向……移民”;B項意為“分

9、開參觀”;D項意為“攻擊和占領(lǐng)”。 B (2018寧夏銀川4月質(zhì)檢) US scientists say they have poured cold water on the theory that washing hands with hot water kills more germs(細菌)than unheated water. The small study of 20 people found using water at 15℃(59℉) left hands as clean as water heated to 38℃(100℉).? The National Hea

10、lth Service(NHS) recommends that people wash their hands in either cold or warm water. In this study, scientists at Rutgers University wanted to find out if popular assumptions about the benefits of warm or hot water and official guidance on hot water—given to the food industry in the US—held true.

11、They asked 20 people to wash their hands 20 times each with water that was 15℃(59℉), 26℃(79℉) or 38 degrees(100℉). Volunteers were also asked to experiment with varying amounts of soap. Before they started the tests, their hands were covered in harmless bugs. Researchers say there was no difference

12、in the amount of bugs removed as the temperature of the water or the amount of soap changed. Prof Donald Schaffner said:“People need to feel comfortable when they are washing their hands but as far as effectiveness goes, this study shows us that the temperature of the water used did not matter.” H

13、owever, the researchers accept their study is small and say more extensive work is needed to determine the best ways to remove harmful bacteria. In the UK, NHS experts say people can use cold or hot water to wash their hands. They say hands should be washed for at least 20 seconds and stress the im

14、portance of using enough soap to cover the whole surface of the hands. Their guidance focuses on rubbing hands together in various ways to make sure each surface of each hand is clean. 4.What does the underlined phrase“poured cold water on”in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A.Proved. B.Contradicted. C

15、.Created. D.Accepted. 5.After they washed their hands with either hot or cold water, 　　　.? A.volunteers all didn’t feel very comfortable B.volunteers all talked about America C.volunteers still had many germs on their hands D.volunteers nearly had the same amount of germs removed 6.What do the

16、 researchers think of the study? A.It is popular. B.It is convincing. C.It is incomplete. D.It is abstract. 7.Which of the following is the best title for the text? A.Using Cold Water Instead of Hot Water B.How to Use Cold Water to Wash Hands C.It Is Better to Wash Hands in Cold Water? D.Wash

17、ing Hands in Cold Water As Good As in Hot Water 答案 [語篇解讀]　美國科學(xué)家反駁了用熱水洗手能更好地殺死細菌這一理論。通過實驗他們發(fā)現(xiàn)用熱水和冷水洗手的殺菌效果是一樣的。 4.B　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)下文可知科學(xué)家們反駁了熱水能更好地殺死細菌的理論,故選B。 5.D　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句可知,水溫的不同并未導(dǎo)致細菌數(shù)量的變化,因此無論是用熱水還是冷水洗手,除掉的細菌量是相同的,故D項正確。 6.C　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段可知,研究人員認為他們目前的研究還不完善,故C項正確。 7.D　主旨大意題。由全文可知,文章主要介紹了一

18、項新的研究成果,即冷水和熱水洗手效果相同,故D項正確。 C (2018河北石家莊、唐山一模) Quietly sitting there reading, I found myself suddenly listening to the train guard’s announcement. Train travelers will surely agree that when the guard makes an announcement, whether it’s the recorded message or the guard’s message, few people lis

19、ten to it, because it’s often quite dull or hard to understand. This one was different. I noticed that other passengers appeared to be listening, too. Not only that, everyone was smiling! Why was so much attention being paid to this message?As best I can recall, the guard said something along these

20、 lines,“Good morning, ladies, gentlemen and children, this is the 7:35 a.m. train from Penrith to Central and you’ll be pleased to know that we are right on time. And what a lovely morning it is in Sydney today! The sun is shining, birds are singing, and all are right in the world. I trust you will

21、have a great day wherever you’re going. Thanks for catching my train this morning and I hope to see you again soon.” Quite a few people (obviously previous strangers) started talking to one another about the guard’s excellent message and how good it had made everyone feel. I started thinking about

22、this, and then I found the young guard and said,“Were you the guard on the 7:35 a.m. train from Penrith?”The guard seemed a bit stunned at first, replying,“Yes, yyyyes.”“Well, I really appreciate your announcement. Thank you for your extremely good message, which gave me and the other passengers suc

23、h a good start to the day. Please keep doing it,”I said. There are two messages for me in what happened that day. Firstly, when people are happy with their work it shows in what they do and say. Secondly, the story attaches much importance to the benefits that accumulate from thanking people for so

24、mething they’ve done, particularly when it’s not expected. Can you imagine the conversation that guard would have when he got home? 8.Why do few train travelers listen to the announcements? A.The messages are unattractive. B.The guard’s voice is not clear. C.They usually feel sleepy. D.They are

25、 absorbed in books. 9.What does the underlined word“stunned”in Paragraph 3 mean?　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 A.Patient. B.Cautious. C.Surprised. D.Excited. 10.What might the guard talk about with his family when he got home? A.The beautiful weather. B.The recorded message. C.The train from Penrith. D.T

26、he unexpected appreciation. 11.Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A.An Intelligent Guard B.A Boring Train Story C.A Different Train Announcement D.A Lovely Morning in Sydney 答案 [語篇解讀]　本文為記敘文。作者講述了一次坐火車的經(jīng)歷,列車長快樂陽光的廣播給乘客們帶來了好心情。同時作者對列車長表示感謝。 8.A　細節(jié)理解題。本題題干意為:為什么很少火車旅客聽廣

27、播?根據(jù)第一段中“...when the guard makes an announcement, whether it’s the recorded message or the guard’s message, few people listen to it, because it’s often quite dull or hard to understand.”(當(dāng)列車長廣播時,無論是預(yù)先錄制好的還是現(xiàn)場廣播的,很少人會聽,因為他說的通常很無聊或很難懂。)可知答案為A項。B:列車長的聲音不清楚;C:他們經(jīng)常感到很困;D:他們專心讀書。 9.C　詞義猜測題。本題題干意為:第三段中畫線詞

28、“stunned”的意思是什么?根據(jù)第三段中列車長的回答(Yes, yyyyes.)可知stunned的意思是:吃驚的,感到驚訝的,故答案為C項。A:耐心的;B:小心的;D:激動的。 10.D　推理判斷題。本題題干意為:當(dāng)那位列車長回家時可能會和他的家人談什么?通過倒數(shù)第二段作者對列車長的贊許可推知那位列車長回家后可能會和家人談?wù)撟约旱玫降囊馔飧屑?故答案為D項。 11.C　主旨大意題。本題題干意為:以下哪一項可以成為文章的最佳題目?本文是以列車長與眾不同的、快樂陽光的廣播為線索展開的,故答案為C項。 D (2019河南天一大聯(lián)考高三階段測試三) In October, I told

29、 the eight-year-olds in the class I taught about my plan. “I’d like all of you to do extra jobs around the house to earn some money,”I said. “Then we’ll buy food for a Thanksgiving dinner for someone.” I wanted the children to know that it’s more blessed to give than to receive. Early in Thanksgivi

30、ng week,the boys and girls arrived at the class holding their hard-earned money. And they couldn’t wait to go shopping.In the supermarket, we bought a turkey and some other items. Then someone saw a “necessity”. “Flowers!” Kristine cried. The group rushed toward the holiday plants. I made a pitch (

31、說教)for practicality. It was more sensible to use any extra money to buy staples (主食)that could be made into meals. After all, I pronounced,“You can’t eat flowers.” “But Mrs. Sherlock,” came the voice,“we want flowers.” Defeated, I helped them choose a pot of beautiful chrysanthemums(菊花)and put the

32、 plant into the cart. Soon we were on the way to the house of a needy grandmother who had lived alone for many years. When we arrived, a woman with a tired face came to the door to welcome us. As each box was carried in, the old woman oohed and aahed—much to her visitors’ pleasure. When Amy put th

33、e chrysanthemums on the counter, the woman seemed surprised. She was wishing it had been a bag of flour, I thought. When we were back in our car, we could see the kitchen window. The woman walked across the room, past the turkey, past other items,straight to the chrysanthemums and put her face in t

34、heir petals. When she raised her head, there was a smile on her lips. In that one brief moment, the children had seen the power they possessed to make another person’s life better. And I had seen that sometimes a person needs a pot of purple flowers on a dark November day. 12.What’s the author’s p

35、urpose in asking the students to earn money? A.To teach them to help with housework. B.To show that “no pain, no gain”. C.To give them a moral lesson on devotion. D.To better their Thanksgiving dinner at school. 13.What’s the author’s reason for not buying flowers at first? A.They could only b

36、e made into meals. B.They were not as practical as staples. C.They couldn’t be given to others as gifts. D.They were too expensive for students. 14.Why did the woman seem surprised at the sight of the chrysanthemums? A.She wished it had been a bag of flour. B.She wanted to show her hospitality

37、. C.She pretended that they were her favorite. D.She hadn’t expected to receive flowers. 15.What did the author think of the whole activity? A.Carefully designed. B.Completely predictable. C.Vaguely aimed. D.Mentally fruitful. 答案　 [語篇解讀]　本文是一篇記敘文。老師想給學(xué)生上一堂道德課,讓他們體驗到“給予”的重要性,最后老師從中也悟到了一些道理。

38、 12.C　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的I wanted the children to know that it’s more blessed to give than to receive.可知,老師想讓學(xué)生們明白給予比接受更幸福。 13.B　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知,老師就“實用性”進行勸服,認為用錢買可以做飯的主食更重要,畢竟花兒只能看不能吃,沒有主食實用。 14.D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的When Amy put the chrysanthemums on the counter, the woman seemed surprised.可知,當(dāng)Amy把菊花放到(廚房)操作臺時,那位老人感到驚訝,作者認為老人希望那盆花是一袋面粉。而根據(jù)下文對老人聞花的描述可知,她非常喜歡這盆菊花,因此推出老人感到驚訝是因為她沒有料到學(xué)生會送花給她。 15.D　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段可知,作者認為這次活動讓學(xué)生和自己都明白了一些道理,也就是說,他們都從精神上收獲很多。 8