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1、 Module3 Unit2 Language Project The development of Chinese characters 【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】 1. Get to know the development of Chinese characters. 2. Get informed of the formation of Chinese characters. 3. Learn to explain the Chinese character by the way it forms. 預(yù)學(xué)案 翻譯下列句子： 漢語和西方語言不同，區(qū)別在于它不使用字母，而是用漢

2、字表示思想、物體和行為。 ___________________________________________________________________________ 中文的詞語是通過把不同的漢字放在一起而組成的。 ___________________________________________________________________________ 在許多情況下，一個(gè)單字也能構(gòu)成一個(gè)詞。 __________________________________________________________________________ 通過研究這些漢字是如

3、何發(fā)展的就可以考察漢語的歷史了。 ___________________________________________________________________________ 雖然這些類型的漢字能夠表示意義，但是它們的缺點(diǎn)之一是其字形不具有表音的功能。 ___________________________________________________________________________ 探究案 Skimming: Skim the text and discuss the structure of the text with your partne

4、r. Think about how many parts we can divide the whole text into. Main idea Part 1: ______________ A. The origin of Chinese characters. Part 2: ______________ B. Simplified Chinese characters. Part 3: ______________ C. Brief introduction of Chinese c

5、haracters. Part 4: ______________ D. Form and development of Chinese characters. Detailed reading: 1. When did Chinese writing begin? _______________________________________________________________ 2. Who first invented Chinese writing? _______________________________________________

6、________________ 3. When did the Chinese government introduce simplified Chinese characters? _______________________________________________________________ 4. Where are simplified Chinese characters used? _______________________________________________________________ Task-based reading:

7、 The development of Chinese characters Brief introduction ● In Chinese language, we use characters instead of an alphabet. ● Many words are formed by ____1___ different characters. ● Sometimes a single character can also make up a word. Origin ● Cang Jie, who ___2____ by the tracks of

8、 animals in the snow, invented the first Chinese Characters. ● He used different shapes to ____3___ different objects. Different ___4____ of forming characters ● Some characters were ____5___ up of two or more characters. ● Some were made for directions and numbers. ● Some characters consist

9、ed of two parts, one ____6___ the meaning and the other the pronunciation. Simplified Chinese characters Introduced in the 1950s and coming into widespread use now. 練習(xí)案 1. The Chinese language differs from Western languages in that, instead of an alphabet, it uses characters which stand fo

10、r ideas, objects or deeds. 漢語與西方語言不同，區(qū)別在于它不使用字母，而是用漢字表示思想、物體或行為。 【句法分析】which 引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾先行詞 characters。 differ from 和…不同，不同于 1） 在這方面法語不同于英語。 _____________________________________________________ 2） People differ from one another in their ability to handle stress. ___________________________

11、__________________________ 【拓展】 A differs from B = A is different from B A區(qū)別于B/A和B不同 differ in… 在…方面不同 in that 在于，因?yàn)? 1）她很幸運(yùn)，因?yàn)樗信笥严嘀? ________________________________________________________ 2) Animals suffered at the hands of Man ________ they were destroyed by people to make way for agric

12、ultural land to provide food for more people. A. in which B. for which C. so that D. in that 2. Then he had the idea that he could use different shapes to represent different objects. 于是他想到可以用不同的形狀來代表不同的物體。 represent vt. 代表；象征；展示，描繪 represent sth. 代表… represent … to sb. 向某人描繪…

13、 represent sth. as/to be… 把…描繪成，自稱是… 1） 他代表國家參加了奧運(yùn)會(huì)。 _________________________________________________ 2) 用另一種方式向我說明你的想法。 _________________________________________________ 3) Li Xing, who _______ our team, took part in the opening ceremony held in Jinan last week. A. signed B. compared C

14、. represented D. presented 【拓展】 representation n. 代表，描繪，象征 representational adj. 代表的 representative adj. 典型的，代表性的；n. 代表，代理人 3. Some characters have been simplified and others have been made more difficult over time.隨著時(shí)間的推移，一些漢字被簡化了，而另一些則變得更加復(fù)雜了。 simplify vt. 簡化 1) They made

15、an attempt to simplify the tax laws. __________________________________________________________ 2) 努力對(duì)孩子們解釋得簡明一些。 __________________________________________________________ 3) While intelligent people can often _______ the complex, a fool is more likely to complicate the simple. A. sacrifice

16、 B. substitute C. simplify D. survive 【拓展】 simplification n. 簡化 simplified adj. 簡化的 simple adj. 簡單的，樸素的 simply adv. 簡樸地，確實(shí) 4. It is easy to distinguish their meanings by looking at them, for example, the characters for ‘up’ and ‘down’, which are opposites

17、 of each other. 只要看它們的字形，就可以很容易區(qū)別它們的意識(shí)，比如漢字“上”和“下”，其字形恰好相反。 【句法分析】it 在句中作形式主語，真正的主語為動(dòng)詞不定式短語to distinguish…; which 在句中引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。 distinguish vt. 區(qū)分，辨別；使具有某種特征；使著名、出眾 distinguish between A and B = distinguish A from B 區(qū)別A與B distinguish oneself as… 作為…而出名 distinguish oneself for… 因…而出

18、名 1） 他是色盲，很難分清紅色和綠色。 _____________________________________________________________ 2) 是什么使得她有別于其他同學(xué)呢？ _____________________________________________________________ 3) She has already distinguished herself as an athlete. _____________________________________________________________ 【拓展】

19、 distinguishable adj. 可辨別的 distinguished adj. 杰出的，著名的；高貴的；有尊嚴(yán)的 5. Though these kinds of characters indicate meanings, one of their shortcomings is that they do not show how they should be pronounced. 雖然這幾種類型的漢字能夠表意，但是它們的缺點(diǎn)之一是其字形不具有表音的功能。 【句法分析】though 在句中引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，意為“盡管；雖然”。that 引導(dǎo)表語從句，在表語從

20、句中又包含一個(gè)how 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。 indicate vt. 顯示，表示；象征，暗示 indicate sth. to sb. 向某人指出… indicate that… 表明… 1) 她拿出一張地圖，給我們指出最快捷的路線。 _____________________________________________________________ 2） 研究表明，人們的飲食習(xí)慣正迅速改變。 _____________________________________________________________ 3） He indicated to me where to sit. _____________________________________________________________ 4) A flashing red light ________ that a stretch of road was under repair. A. indicated B. pointed C. symbolized D. represented - 4 -