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1、課時(shí)提能練(八) Unit 3　Computers 課時(shí)作業(yè)A：基礎(chǔ)層面 Ⅰ.語境語法填空 A Our life has changed a lot since the 1.appearance (appear) of computers. Complicated issues have been 2.simplified (simple). For example, financial services are becoming more easily accessible. 3.Operators (operate) just use a keyboard or a mouse

2、to get their work finished in a short time. Now, 4.intelligent (intelligence) computers are being more widely used, even in the 5.exploration (explore) and recognition of the universe. 6.Personally (personal), computers will influence all aspects of our life with more 7.application (apply) softwares

3、 being developed. B I was homesick after I arrived in Canada. After 8.all, this was the first time that I had left home. I found it hard to adapt to my new school life and I didn't know 9.how to deal with my new classmates. As 10.a result, I felt nervous and depressed. My deskmate Tom offered me a

4、 hand. Because we had a lot 11.in common, we became good friends soon. 12.With his help, I quickly got along well with all the others and worked 13.out many difficulties in life. Two years has gone 14.by, and everything is OK for me. In reality, I am truly enjoying the life in Canada now. C With t

5、he sun 15.rising (rise), I was expecting a new start. After a quick breakfast, I went to my office 16.feeling (feel) energetic and quickly devoted my attention to my work. So much work did I have to do 17.that I had no time to take a rest. However, 18.as the day went on, the weather was getting wors

6、e. It didn't take long 19.before a heavy rain came. I stopped my work and was hurrying back home. Unfortunately, I fell off my bicycle. As well as 20.breaking (break) one of my legs, I hurt both of my arms. Ⅱ.語境短文改錯(cuò) 根據(jù)P23課文內(nèi)容，對(duì)下面材料進(jìn)行修改。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。 I'm part in an and

7、roid football team. On the football team I'm a striker so I have to able to run very fast. My computer chips help me to move and thinks like a human. My first football competition is in Japan several years ago. In the way our programmer is like our coach. She programs us with all the possibly moves

8、she has seen while she watching human games. I would really like to play against a human team, for I have been programmed to act just like themselves. After all, with the help of my electronic brain which never forget anything, use my intelligence is what I'm all about! [答案]　 I'm part an android

9、football team. On the football team I'm a striker so I have to able to run very fast. My computer chips help me to move and like a human. My first football competition in Japan several years ago. In way our programmer is like our coach. She programs us with all the moves she has seen while wat

10、ching human games. I would really like to play against a human team, for I have been programmed to act just like . After all, with the help of my electronic brain which never anything, my intelligence is what I'm all about! Ⅲ.根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全句子 1．因?yàn)樵絹碓蕉嗟奈廴荆芏辔锓N正在滅絕。(result) ①There is more and more pollut

11、ion. As a result, many species are dying out. ②As a result of more and more pollution, many species are dying out. 2．半個(gè)小時(shí)后，他們才會(huì)離開閱覽室。(before) It will be half an hour before they leave the reading room. 3．和別人分享你的快樂，你就會(huì)得到更多的快樂。(share) Share your happiness with others, and you will get more happi

12、ness. 4．無論何時(shí)我們遇到困難，他總是樂意幫助我們。(whenever) He is always willing to help us whenever we meet with difficulties． 5．天氣非常寒冷，以至于街上沒有人。 ①It was so cold a day that there was nobody on the street.(so) ②It was such a cold day that there was nobody on the street.(such) ③Such a cold day was it that there wa

13、s nobody on the street.(such倒裝句) ④So cold a day was it that there was nobody on the street.(so倒裝句) 課時(shí)作業(yè)B：能力層面 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A (2019·江西省三名校聯(lián)考)A new study has shown how computers and robots powered by artificial intelligence can read human eye movements to “read” human personalities. The eyes, they say

14、, are the windows to the soul. And if that is true, computers and robots powered by sophisticated (復(fù)雜的) artificial intelligence algorithms (演算法) may soon have the ability to peer into your soul. That is the result of a new study on the connection between eye movements and personality, conducted by n

15、euroscience researchers based at the University of South Australia and published in the scientific journal Frontiers in Neuroscience. “Eye movements during an everyday task predict aspects of our personality，” wrote the researchers, led by University of South Australia neuroscientist Tobias Loetsch

16、er, whose team followed 42 study subjects around the university campus recording their eye movements, then determined their personality traits with “well-established questionnaires” for determining the personality type, according to a summary of the study published by the site Science Daily. The re

17、searchers fed the data into their AI algorithms and found that computers running the algorithms were able to record human eye movements and immediately determine a person's major personality traits, such as “neuroticism, extraversion (外向), agreeableness, conscientiousness, as well as curiosity”，the

18、scientists wrote. “The new findings could improve the way human beings interact with their computers and other high-tech devices, even robots, allowing for more natural and realistic social interactions with machines，” Loetscher said. “People are always looking for improved, personalized services.

19、 Today's robots and computers are not socially aware so they cannot adapt to non-verbal information，” Loetscher said in a statement quoted by The Indian Express. This research provides opportunities to develop robots and computers so that they can become more natural, and better at interpreting huma

20、n social signals. The study revealed previously undiscovered relations between specific personality characteristics and specific eye movement tendencies, according to a summary in Britain's Daily Mail newspaper. 【語篇解讀】　本文主要介紹了一項(xiàng)人工智能計(jì)算機(jī)和機(jī)器人通過讀人眼球的運(yùn)動(dòng)從而一窺人的個(gè)性的研究。 1．What do the underlined words “peer

21、 into” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Understand.　　 B．Stare at. C．Search for. D．Concern about. A　[詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“The eyes, they say, are the windows to the soul”，并結(jié)合對(duì)第一段的整體理解可推知，此處peer into與第一段中的“read”呼應(yīng)，故選A。] 2．How did the researchers conduct the research? A．It was carried out in a lab. B．42

22、 subjects' eye movements were recorded. C．The students' daily movements were tracked. D．Its subjects' personalities were determined by computer. B　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)對(duì)第三段的整體理解可知，這項(xiàng)研究是通過追蹤42個(gè)研究對(duì)象并記錄他們的眼球運(yùn)動(dòng)來開展的，故選B。] 3．According to Tobias Loetscher, what can we know? A．Robots and computers are socially con

23、scious. B．People care less about improved, personalized services. C．Today's robots and computers can accustom to non-verbal information. D．The discovery will improve the interaction between human beings and machines. D　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)對(duì)倒數(shù)第三段的整體理解可知，這項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)有助于改善人類和機(jī)器的互動(dòng)，故選D。] 4．What can be a suitable ti

24、tle for the text? A．Human Personality Traits B．What Human Eye Movements Are C．Tell Personalities by Eye Movements D．How Humans and Machines Interact C　[標(biāo)題判斷題。根據(jù)第一段開篇點(diǎn)題，并結(jié)合對(duì)全文的整體理解可推知，本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了一項(xiàng)人工智能計(jì)算機(jī)和機(jī)器人通過讀人眼球的運(yùn)動(dòng)從而一窺人的個(gè)性的研究，故選C。] B (2019·大連市一模)It is generally acknowledged that young pe

25、ople from poorer socioeconomic backgrounds tend to do less well in the education system. In an attempt to help the children of poor families, a nationwide program called “Head Start” was started in the US in 1965. A lot of money was poured into it. It took children into preschool institutions at the

26、 age of three and was supposed to help them succeed in school. But the results have been disappointing, because the program began too late. Many children who entered it at three were already behind their peers in language and intelligence and the parents were not involved in the process. At the end

27、of each day, “Head Start” children returned to the same disadvantaged home environment. To improve the results, another program was started in Missouri that concentrated on parents as the child's first teachers. This program was based on research showing that working with the family is the most eff

28、ective way of helping children get the best possible start in life. The four-year study included 380 families who were about to have their first child and represented different socioeconomic statuses, ages and family structures. The program involved trained educators visiting and working with the pa

29、rent or parents and the child. The program also gave the parents some guidance, and useful skills on child development. At three, the children involved in the “Missouri” program were evaluated with the children selected from the same socioeconomic backgrounds and family situations. The results were

30、 obvious. The children in the program were more advanced in language development, problem solving and other intellectual skills than their peers. They performed equally well regardless of socioeconomic backgrounds or family structures. The one factor that was found to affect the child's development

31、was the poor quality of parent-child interaction. That interaction was not necessarily bad in poorer families. The “Missouri” program compares quite distinctly with the “Head Start” program. Without a similar focus on parent education and on the vital importance of the first three years, some evide

32、nce indicates that it will not be enough to overcome educational unfairness. 【語篇解讀】　本文主要通過對(duì)比兩項(xiàng)側(cè)重點(diǎn)不同的教育項(xiàng)目表明，要實(shí)現(xiàn)教育公平就應(yīng)該關(guān)注對(duì)父母的教育，使其與孩子之間進(jìn)行高品質(zhì)互動(dòng)，并且意識(shí)到孩子出生后前三年的重要性。 5．What caused the failure of the “Head Start” program? A．The large number of poor families. B．The disapproval from children. C．The late

33、 start of the program. D．The long period of time. C　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第五句“But the results have been disappointing, because the program began too late”可知，Head Start項(xiàng)目的失敗是因?yàn)槠溟_始得太晚了。] 6．What do we know about the “Missouri” program? A．It focused on the children's first school teachers. B．It helped the ch

34、ildren return to the same home. C．It made the children improved in many aspects. D．It gave the parents advice on their development. C　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第三句“The children in the program were more advanced in language development, problem solving and other intellectual skills than their peers”可推知，Missouri

35、項(xiàng)目讓參與的孩子們?cè)谠S多方面都有改善。] 7．According to the passage, what is likely to influence children's performance? A．The number of family members. B．The parent-child communication. C．The intelligence of their parents. D．The teacher-student relationship. B　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句“The one factor that was found to a

36、ffect the child's development was the poor quality of parent-child interaction”可知，父母和孩子之間的交流質(zhì)量是影響孩子發(fā)展的因素之一。故選B。] 8．How does the author develop the passage? A．By listing figures. B．By making comparisons. C．By presenting ideas. D．By drawing conclusions. B　[篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。通讀全文內(nèi)容可知，本文是通過對(duì)比兩個(gè)側(cè)重點(diǎn)不同的教育項(xiàng)目， 從而組

37、織文章的，故選B。] Ⅱ.完形填空 (2019·福州市質(zhì)量抽測(cè))Growing up in the 1960s, I was taught from an early age to send a handwritten thank-you note expressing 1 for kindness. My mother used to buy me a box of paper and 2 me in the art and value of saying “thank you”. She 3 to be right. A study showed that i

38、t took less than 5 minutes to write the thank-you notes. Just 5 minutes to make 4 person feel overjoyed! 5 ， in our “instant” world, the idea of getting an actual pen and writing an actual note seems to never come to mind. We tend to do what is 6 for us—a quick text or an email. It's eas

39、y to use the 7 of being busy, but even very busy and 8 businessmen find time to 9 thank-you notes. For example, when Douglas Conant became CEO of Campbell's, the company had 10 half of its market value and morale(士氣) was at an all-time low. He 11 fixing that by doing some simple

40、things that are probably not 12 in any MBA class. For one thing, Conant wrote to every 13 . He gained their confidence and 14 ， turned the company 15 ． In his ten years as CEO, Conant wrote over 30，000 notes to employees. It's 16 not to ask how he did it. 17 ， he had many other

41、things to do 18 writing a thank-you note. Conant made time for 19 because he knew the impact(影響) each one would have. An expression of 20 in this crazy world still makes a difference. 【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。小時(shí)候，媽媽教“我”用手寫的感謝便條來表達(dá)對(duì)善良的感激，并教“我”表達(dá)感謝的藝術(shù)和價(jià)值；研究表明，不到五分鐘就能用手寫好的感謝便條讓他人感到快樂。 1．A.concer

42、n B．sympathy C．a(chǎn)ffection D．a(chǎn)ppreciation D　[根據(jù)該句中的“a handwritten thank-you note expressing for kindness”可知，該處指用手寫的感謝便條表達(dá)對(duì)善良的感激(appreciation)，故D項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“擔(dān)心，關(guān)心”；B項(xiàng)意為“同情”；C項(xiàng)意為“喜愛”。] 2．A.consult B．instruct C．a(chǎn)nswer D．impress B　[根據(jù)該句“My mother used to buy me a box of paper...and value of say

43、ing ‘thank you’”可知，“我”的媽媽過去常常給“我”買一箱紙，并教授(instruct)“我”表達(dá)感謝的藝術(shù)和價(jià)值，故B項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“咨詢”；C項(xiàng)意為“回答”；D項(xiàng)意為“使留下深刻印象”。] 3．A.remained B．proved C．a(chǎn)ppeared D．claimed B　[根據(jù)語境尤其是下文的內(nèi)容可推知，此處表示她證明(proved)(這樣做)是正確的，故B項(xiàng)符合語境。A項(xiàng)意為“保持”；C項(xiàng)意為“顯得”；D項(xiàng)意為“聲稱”。] 4．A.one B．a(chǎn)ny C．each D．a(chǎn)nother D　[根據(jù)空前一句可知，寫感謝便條需要不到五分鐘的時(shí)間；并結(jié)合該句

44、和常識(shí)可推知，此處表示僅花費(fèi)五分鐘就可以讓另一個(gè)(another)人非常高興，故D項(xiàng)正確。] 5．A.Yet B．Therefore C．So D．Otherwise A　[根據(jù)該句中的“seems to never come to mind”并結(jié)合上文內(nèi)容可知，盡管僅花費(fèi)五分鐘就能用手寫好的感謝便條讓他人感到快樂，但是(Yet)，在我們這個(gè)“快捷的”世界里，人們似乎不愿意用這種方式表達(dá)謝意；據(jù)此可推知，該處前后表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故A項(xiàng)正確。] 6．A.special B．necessary C．convenient D．important C　[根據(jù)該句中的“a quick text

45、 or an email” 可推知，該處表示我們趨向于使用對(duì)我們來說方便的(convenient)方式——快速發(fā)送的短信或電子郵件，故C項(xiàng)正確。] 7．A.case B．excuse C．example D．situation B　[根據(jù)語境以及該句中的“of being busy”并結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，人們很容易以忙為借口(excuse)，故B項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“事例”；C項(xiàng)意為“例子”；D項(xiàng)意為“情況”。] 8．A.humorous B．optimistic C．successful D．experienced C　[根據(jù)語境可知，人們很容易以忙為借口，但即使是很忙碌和成功的(succ

46、essful)商人也能找到時(shí)間寫(pen)感謝便條，故C項(xiàng)正確。] 9．A.pen B．receive C．design D．deliver A　[參見上題解析。] 10．A.lost B．gained C．developed D．damaged A　[根據(jù)該句中的“morale(士氣) was at an all-time low”可知，士氣空前低落；據(jù)此可推知，這家公司已經(jīng)損失(lost)了一半的市值，故A項(xiàng)正確。] 11．A.gave up B．kept up C．set about D．worried about C　[根據(jù)該句中的“He fixin

47、g that by doing some simple things”并結(jié)合語境可推知，他開始做(set about)一些簡(jiǎn)單的事情來解決這一問題，故C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“放棄”；B項(xiàng)意為“跟上”；D項(xiàng)意為“擔(dān)心”。] 12．A.permitted B．taught C．checked D．tested B　[根據(jù)語境可推知，他所做的簡(jiǎn)單的事情很可能沒有在任何MBA課堂上被教(taught)過，故B項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“允許”；C項(xiàng)意為“檢查”；D項(xiàng)意為“測(cè)試”。] 13．A.market B．businessman C．company D．employee D　[根據(jù)下文中的“gain

48、ed their confidence”和“Conant wrote over 30，000 notes to employees”可推知，Conant給每個(gè)員工(employee)寫了便條，得到了他們的信任，故D項(xiàng)正確。] 14．A.personally B．frankly C．naturally D．occasionally C　[根據(jù)語境可推知，Conant得到了員工們的信任，順理成章地(naturally)，使公司好轉(zhuǎn)起來，故C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“親自”；B項(xiàng)意為“坦率地”；D項(xiàng)意為“偶然”。] 15．A.up B．down C．a(chǎn)way D．a(chǎn)round D　[參見上題解析

49、。turn around意為“好轉(zhuǎn)，扭轉(zhuǎn)”，故D項(xiàng)正確。turn up意為“開大”；turn down意為“調(diào)低”；turn away意為“拒絕”。] 16．A.hard B．great C．a(chǎn)mazing D．disappointing A　[根據(jù)前一句可知，在擔(dān)任CEO的十年間，Conant給他的員工們寫了三萬多個(gè)便條；結(jié)合語境和常識(shí)可推知，這令人很難(hard)不去問他是如何做到的，故A項(xiàng)正確。] 17．A.As usual B．In short C．By the way D．After all D　[根據(jù)語境可推知，此處表示畢竟(After all)，除了(besides)

50、寫感謝便條，他有許多其他事情要做，故D項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“像往常一樣”，B項(xiàng)意為“簡(jiǎn)言之”，C項(xiàng)意為“順便提一下”，都與文意不符。] 18．A.by B．in C．besides D．without C　[參見上題解析。] 19．A.me B．it C．him D．them B　[根據(jù)語境可知，空處指代空前一句中的“writing a thank-you note”，故B項(xiàng)正確。] 20．A.kindness B．joy C．value D．confidence A　[根據(jù)本文第一句中的“expressing for kindness”并結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可推知，在這個(gè)瘋狂的世界中，善良(kindness)的表達(dá)仍然會(huì)有作用，故A項(xiàng)正確。] - 9 -