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1、 第六講　倒裝 李仕才 第一課時　知識過關(guān)課 [注意]　像一般疑問句一樣，將情態(tài)動詞、助動詞或be動詞放在主語的前面，這種現(xiàn)象叫部分倒裝。將謂語(通常是一個一般現(xiàn)在時或一般過去時的不及物動詞come，go，run，be等)放在主語前面，叫完全倒裝，完全倒裝句中的主語一定是名詞。 讀語篇，悟語法。反復(fù)朗讀下列短文，領(lǐng)悟畫線及黑體部分。思考：1.什么情況下用完全倒裝？完全倒裝主語與動詞的語序是如何的？2.什么情況下用部分倒裝？部分倒裝主語與動詞的語序又是如何的？ Busy__as__she__was[1], Lucy went to bed early. But little

2、__did__she__eat[2] this evening. So__hungry__was__she[3]__that she kept tossing and turning in bed. Not__only__did__she__find[4] it hard to fall asleep, but also she felt her stomach hurt. Suddenly she came up with an idea, “Were__I__full[5], I would have a good sleep easily.”Then she got up and wen

3、t to the kitchen. There__was[6] a cabbage, some hams and some eggs in the fridge. No__sooner__had__she__taken[7] out what she needed than she realized she had no idea how to deal with the food.In fact, seldom__had__she__cooked[8] for herself before. “Had__I__learned[9] cooking from my mother, I woul

4、d have become a good cook.”she sighed and continued her job. However, hardly__had__she__tried[10] to turn on one of the two taps above the sink when she noticed it didn’t work. Neither could another tap[11].Only with the help of__the__spanner__did__water__come[12] out of the tap at last. But it was

5、 unlucky for her to cut her finger while cutting hams.Out__ran__Lucy[13] at once. With a bandage wrapping her wounded finger, she finished cooking a delicious meal at last.From__the__kitchen__came__a__good__smell[14].Being at table，she got down to enjoying her food. Unfortunately, not until she ta

6、sted her food did she__find[15] she forgot to add some salt to it.“Must__I__fall__asleep[16] while being hungry？”said Lucy. 1.as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時，句中的表語、狀語、動詞原形放到as前。如果表語是不帶定語的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，前邊的a或an要省去。 2.當(dāng)never，hardly，seldom，rarely，scarcely，barely，little，not，nowhere，in no way，at no time，by no means等否定意義的副詞或短語位于句首

7、時，句子需要部分倒裝。 3.so/such...that的“so/such＋adj./adv.”位于句首時，主句需要部分倒裝，that從句的語序用正常語序。 4.not only...but (also)...連接的分句，not only位于句首時，句子需要部分倒裝，but also后的句子用正常語序。 5.在if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句中，謂語動詞有were，had或should等時，可以將if省掉，把這些詞語移到主語之前。 6.以引導(dǎo)詞there開頭的句子，須使用完全倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，除there be外，還有there live/stand/lie/exist等，結(jié)構(gòu)為：There＋動詞＋主語。

8、 7.no sooner...than；hardly...when...；scarcely...when (before)...等連接兩個分句，前一分句用部分倒裝，后一分句用正常語序。 8.否定意義的副詞或短語位于句首時，句子需要部分倒裝。 9.同5。 10.在no sooner...than；hardly...when...；scarcely...when(before)...等結(jié)構(gòu)中，主句用部分倒裝，后面的從句用正常語序。 11.當(dāng)so，neither，nor(so用于肯定句，neither/nor用于否定句)表示前面所述情況也適合另一個人或物時，句子需要部分倒裝，結(jié)構(gòu)為：So/

9、Neither/Nor＋be (have，助動詞或情態(tài)動詞)＋主語。 12.當(dāng)Only＋狀語(副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句)放在句首時，要用部分倒裝。結(jié)構(gòu)：Only＋副詞(介詞短語或狀語從句)＋助動詞/情態(tài)動詞/be＋主語。 13.在“here (there，now，then，thus)＋不及物動詞(通常是一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時)＋主語(須為名詞)”的句型中，或以in，out，up，down，over，away，off，back等副詞開頭的句子里(主語也必須是名詞)，用完全倒裝以表示強調(diào)。 14.當(dāng)句首為作地點狀語的介詞短語時，謂語是be，stand，sit，lie等時，句子也常用完全倒裝。

10、 15.Not until引導(dǎo)的狀語從句放句首時，狀語從句用正常語序，主句則需要部分倒裝。 16.疑問句，包括一般疑問句、特殊疑問句、選擇疑問句和反意疑問句，多數(shù)疑問句都是部分倒裝語序。 Ⅰ.句子改寫(把下列句子變?yōu)榈寡b句) 1. We don’t know its value until we lose health. Not__until__we__lose__health__do we know its value. 2. I will never forget you as long as I live. Never__will I forget you as lon

11、g as I live. 3. I had no sooner gone out than it began to rain. No__sooner__had__I__gone__out than it began to rain. 4. We can improve our English only in this way. Only__in__this__way__can__we improve our English. 5. He was so absorbed in his work that he didn’t notice my coming in. So__absor

12、bed__was__he in his work that he didn’t notice my coming in. Ⅱ.單句改錯(下列每句中有一處錯誤，每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改，請指出并改正。) 1.At noon there were still no news.were→was 2.Here is some picture－books for you.is→are 3.If you don’t go there tomorrow, neither does Tom.does→will 4.I didn’t see the film, and nor didn

13、’t you.didn’t→did 5.I can’t swim and so can Kate.so→neither 6.He was unable to make much progress, hard although he tried.although→as/though 7.Little does he realizes how important this meeting is.realizes→realize 8.So loudly he speak that even people in the next room could hear him.在he前加did Ⅲ.

14、語篇填空(閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。) There 1.________ (be) a girl named Cinderella whose stepmother had two ugly and lazy daughters. Not only 2.________ they get good cares, but also they needed to do nothing. However，3.________ by doing dirty housework could Cinderella get ac

15、cess to food, and seldom could she 4.________ (gain) some rest. Not 5.________ midnight was she allowed to go to bed. Poor 6.________ she was, she was very beautiful. One day, from the palace came 7.________ invitation, saying that the prince would choose his wife. Away went her stepmother and her s

16、tepsisters to the palace. Never had Cinderella 8.________ ( be ) permitted to go with them. “9.________ (be) I a princess, I would live a whole new life！” sighed Cinderella. No sooner had she sat down 10.________ a goddess appeared and gave her a smart dress, a cargo as well as horses. But she warne

17、d Cinderella that everything would disappear at 12 o’clock. When Cinderella arrived at the party，11.________ attractive was she that the prince only danced with her. Hardly had the clock stricken twelve 12.________ Cinderella began to run, and she left a crystal slipper on the stair. The prince’s se

18、rvant came to Cinderella’s to find out the owner of the slipper. Cinderella’s elder sister couldn’t wear it.13.________ could another sister. Not a word could anybody say when Cinderella wore the slipper perfectly. From then on，she lived happily ever after with her prince. 【語篇導(dǎo)讀】　灰姑娘每天都要做很多家務(wù)，而繼母和她

19、的女兒則整日欺負(fù)灰姑娘。王子舉行選妃舞會，灰姑娘在仙女的幫助下，漂漂亮亮地參加了舞會，并最終成為了王妃。 1.was　[There be句型為完全倒裝，主語為a girl。] 2.did　[not only...but (also)連接兩個并列分句，not only放句首，其后分句需要部分倒裝；從前后語境看，get該用一般過去時，而get是原形，故前面應(yīng)加助動詞did。] 3.only　[從could Cinderella get這一部分倒裝可以推斷，前面是“Only＋狀語(介詞短語)”。] 4.gain　[seldom否定詞放句首時，句子需要部分倒裝，有情態(tài)動詞could提到主語前面

20、，故gain用動詞原形。] 5.until　[是Not until引導(dǎo)的狀語從句。] 6.as　[as，though引導(dǎo)讓步從句，其表語poor提前。] 7.an　[作地點狀語的介詞短語from the palace提前，句子用完全倒裝，invitation(請柬)作主語，前面用不定冠詞。] 8.been　[否定詞放句首時，句子需要部分倒裝；這是過去完成時的被動語態(tài)，故填been。] 9.Were　[此處的Were I＝If I were表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設(shè)。] 10.than　[no sooner...than是固定句式。] 11.so　[so...that是固定句式。]

21、 12.when　[hardly...when是固定句式。] 13.Neither　[灰姑娘的其中一個姐姐不適合，另一個姐姐也不適合，用neither表示前面所述一件事也不適合另一個人或物時。] 第二課時　寫作增分課 倒裝在寫作中的增分點 一、使用完全倒裝使句式富于變化 1.上午傳來了他被北京大學(xué)錄取的消息。(in the morning came, be admitted to) In__the__morning__came__the__news__that__he__had__been__admitted__to__Peking__University. 2.在我們的教學(xué)樓

22、的前面矗立著兩棵大樹，它們使得我們的校園更加美麗。(in front of, stand, add to, the beauty, schoolyard) In__front__of__the__teaching__building__stand__two__huge__trees,__which__add__to__the__beauty__of__our__schoolyard. 3.相片上站在第一排中間的是我爺爺，他當(dāng)時六十多歲。(stand in the middle of the first row, in his sixties) In__the__picture,__sta

23、nding__in__the__middle__of__the__first__row__is__my__grandpa,__who__was__in__his__sixties__at__that__moment. 4.在事故中受傷的是兩位學(xué)生，當(dāng)事故發(fā)生時他們正在去上學(xué)的路上。(injure, on one’s way to, happen) Injured__in__the__accident__were__two__students,__who__were__on__their__way__to__school__when__the__accident__happened. 二、

24、使用部分倒裝句式提升句子檔次 1.只有通過每天花費至少兩個小時學(xué)英語，你才能快速提高它。(only by, improve, quickly) Only__by__spending__at__least__two__hours__learning__English__every__day__can__you__improve__it__quickly. 2.當(dāng)我把那個老人送到家后，我從來沒有感到那么高興過。(never, feel happy, send the old man home) Never__had__I__felt__so__happy__when__I__sent__t

25、he__old__man__home. 3.你在別的地方找不到這么好的學(xué)校。(nowhere else, find) Nowhere__else__can__you__find__such__a__good__school. 4.它不僅可以使我們的課堂活躍，而且可以幫助我們更有效地學(xué)習(xí)。(not only, lively, help, learn more effectively) Not__only__can__it__make__our__class__more__lively,__but__it__also__can__help__us__learn__more__effecti

26、vely. 5.無論什么時候你都不能放棄英語。(at no time, give up) At__no__time__should__you__give__up__English. 6.踢好足球不容易，需要多加練習(xí)。學(xué)英語也是這樣。(playing football well, need a lot of practice, so it is with/it is the same with) Playing__football__well__is__not__easy__and__needs__a__lot__of__practice.__So__it__is__with/It__i

27、s__the__same__with__learning__English. 7.每天我們不得不做如此多的作業(yè)，以至于我?guī)缀踹B休息的時間都沒有。(so much homework, have little time to have a rest) So__much__homework__do__we__have__to__do__every__day__that__we__have__little__time__to__have__a__rest. 8.她一看完那個關(guān)于已滅絕物種的電視節(jié)目，就立志加入野生動物保護組織。(no sooner...than) No__sooner__had__she__watched__the__TV__program__on__the__extinct__species__than__she__made__up__her__mind__to__join__the__wildlife__protection__organization. 7