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1、專題10 非謂語動(dòng)詞——高效演練 一．單句語法填空 1.Newly-built wooden cottages line the street,__________(turn)the old town into a dreamland. 【答案】turning 【解析】考査分詞。由語境可知Newly-built wooden cottages與turn之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞。句意:新建的木屋林立在街道的兩旁,使古鎮(zhèn)變成了一個(gè)夢(mèng)幻之地。故填turning。 2.If you find something you love doing outside of the office,

2、you'll be less likely?__________(bring) your work home. 【答案】to bring 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意:如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)在辦公室之外有喜歡做的事情,你把工作帶回家的可能性就小了。be likely to do sth.可能做某事。 3.I regret????????(tell) you that the goods you delivered to us are not the ones we ordered. I would appreciate?????????if you could solve the problem a

3、s soon as possible. 【答案】 to tell; it 【解析】 regret后既可跟doing也可跟 to do,regret doing sth. 表后悔干了某事,regret to do sth.表一種遺憾的心情,很遺憾地做某事,后通常跟動(dòng)詞 tell,inform, say 等;I would appreciate it if you could...表若是……我將不勝感激,it為形式賓語。 4.I insist that the thief?__________(refer) to be put into prison. 【答案】referred 【解析】

4、此處referred to為過去分詞短語作定語,謂語為be put into prison;因insist此處表“堅(jiān)持要求”,后跟虛擬語氣,其結(jié)構(gòu)為insist sb. /sth should do/be done, should 可以省略。 5.A man dressed in a black coat was observed?__________(enter) the house and later the owner found all the valuable things?__________(steal). 【答案】to enter; stolen 【解析】在主動(dòng)語態(tài)情況下

5、,接動(dòng)詞原形作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)往往要加上to;第二空中all the valuable things與steal之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用stolen。 6.If someone spends his or her time, effort and money writing a book, for example, he or she deserves?__________(pay) for it. 【答案】paying /to be paid 【解析】句意:例如,如果有人花時(shí)間、精力和金錢來寫—本書,他或她就值得他人為此付費(fèi)。deserves paying for it=de

6、serves to be paid for it值得為此付費(fèi)。 7.The wide use of the Internet has already led to all kinds of information__________(share) all over the world. 【答案】being shared 【解析】句意:網(wǎng)絡(luò)的廣泛應(yīng)用已經(jīng)使得各種信息在世界范圍內(nèi)共享。短語lead to中的to為介詞,所以all kinds of information的賓語補(bǔ)足語應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞-ing形式;share與information 之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。 8.I got to the of

7、fice earlier that day,?__________?(catch) the 7:30 train from Paddington. 【答案】having caught 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:那天我趕上了 7點(diǎn)半從帕丁頓來的火車,早點(diǎn)兒到了辦公室。非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語,主語與catch是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,且在謂語動(dòng)詞之前已完成, 故用動(dòng)詞-ing形式的完成式。 9.The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without?__________?(recognize). 【答案】being rec

8、ognized 【解析】句意:那個(gè)電影明星戴著太陽鏡。因此,他可以在不被認(rèn)出的情況下去購物.本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。without為介詞,后接動(dòng)詞的-ing形式,recognize與he為邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用being recognized. 10.I hear they've promoted Tom, but he didn't mention?__________(promote) when we talked on the phone. 【答案】having been promoted 【解析】考查動(dòng)名詞作賓語。句意:我聽說他們提拔了湯姆,但我們?cè)陔娫捴薪徽剷r(shí)湯姆并未提及被提拔之

9、事。 mention后跟名詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語,此處要用動(dòng)名詞的完成式表示“被提拔”的動(dòng)作在didn't mention前發(fā)生。 11.一Why are you so familiar with my close friend Nipple? —I happened, believe it or not,?__________(meet) him in a backpacking trip. 【答案】to have met 【解析】考査非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:——你為什么對(duì)我親密的朋友Nipple那么熟悉?——信不信由你,我碰巧在一次背包旅行中遇見了他,happen碰巧,后跟不定式作賓語,mee

10、t的動(dòng)作先于happen發(fā)生,應(yīng)用不定式的完成式。 12.The vocabulary and grammatical differences between British and American English are so few as hardly?__________(notice). 【答案】to be noticed 【解析】句意:英美語言詞匯和語法的差別如此少見,幾乎不為人所注意。本題考査“so…as to…” 結(jié)構(gòu),因不定式與句子主語之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,不定式用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 13.一A new bridge is reported?__________(build)

11、across the river in your hometown. —Yes, and it brings us great convenience. 【答案】to have been built 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:?——據(jù)報(bào)道你的家鄉(xiāng)已經(jīng)建起一座新的跨河大橋?！堑?它給我們帶來了很大的方便。be reported后跟不定式的不同形式,表達(dá)不同含義。根據(jù)題干,橋已修成,且橋是build的動(dòng)作承受者,應(yīng)用不定式的完成被動(dòng)式。 14.When the boss came in, the workers pretended????? ???(work) hard o

12、n their machines. 【答案】 to be working 【解析】句意:當(dāng)老板進(jìn)來時(shí),工人們假裝正在機(jī)器旁努力工作。考查動(dòng)詞用法。pretend to be doing假裝正在做某事。 15.People should open the window in the morning to make air?__________(circulate) in order to keep the indoor air fresh. 【答案】circulate 【解析】句意:人們?cè)谠缟蠎?yīng)該打開窗戶讓空氣流通以保持室內(nèi)空氣新鮮。circulate(空氣)循環(huán)、流通,make

13、sth./sb. do為固定結(jié)構(gòu)。 16.You don't have to run fast or for long________ (see) the benefit. 【答案】to see 【解析】此處意為：你不必跑很快或很久就能看到它的好處。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)該使用不定式形式作目的狀語。 17.The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice ______ (improve) water quality. 【答案】to improve 【解析】根據(jù)“改善水質(zhì)”是“政府鼓勵(lì)農(nóng)民種植玉米而不種植水

14、稻”的目的，可知此處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語。 18.Once his message was delivered, he allowed me ________ (stay) and watch. 【答案】to stay 【解析】allow sb.to do sth.為固定搭配，意為“允許某人做某事”。 19.While regularly eating out seems to ________ (become) common for many young people in recent years, it's not without a cost. 【答案】have

15、become 【解析】根據(jù)后面的時(shí)間狀語in recent years可知，此處應(yīng)該用動(dòng)詞不定式的完成時(shí)。 20.They are required ________ (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. 【答案】to process 【解析】require sb.to do sth.為固定搭配，意為“需要某人做某事”。 21.For 25 days, she never left her baby, not even to find

16、 something ________ (eat)! 【答案】to eat 【解析】句意：25天中，她寸步不離她的孩子，甚至不去找東西吃！不定式to eat作定語，修飾前面的不定代詞something。 22.When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough ________ (cool) the house during the hot day; at the same time, they warm up again for the night. 【答案】to coo

17、l 【解析】“be＋形容詞＋enough＋to do sth.”為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“足夠……，能夠做某事”。 23.I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused ________ (stop) until we reached the next stop. 【答案】to stop 【解析】refuse后接動(dòng)詞作賓語時(shí)，要用其不定式形式，即refuse to do sth.“拒絕做某事”。 二．單句改錯(cuò) 1. Have had lunch, we will visit a local muse

18、um as well as an old temple. ________ 【答案】Have改為Having 【解析】句意:吃過午飯后,我們將參觀當(dāng)?shù)氐囊蛔┪镳^和一座古廟。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知逗號(hào)前應(yīng)為狀語,主語we與have 為邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系,故將Have改為Having. 2.Having warned of the danger in the street at night, she went home with a friend accompanying her.________ 【答案】Having 后加been 【解析】句意：由于收到了夜間上街危險(xiǎn)的警告，她讓

19、朋友和她一起回家。分析句意可知警告是被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作， 3.He sends me text messages from time to time, told me that he likes oral English from beginning to end.__________ 【答案】told改為telling 【解析】因?yàn)閯?dòng)詞tell與主語he之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。 4.I'd like to pay a visit to a friend of mine with time permitted. _________

20、 【答案】permitted改為permitting 【解析】time與permit之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。 5.He has a lot of different interests, ranged from stamp collecting to skating. _________ 【答案】ranged改為ranging 【解析】因?yàn)閯?dòng)詞range的邏輯主語為different interests,且主語與range之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。 6.More and more trees should be planted

21、 in spring to stop sandstorms happen frequently. _____ __ 【答案】happen改為happening 【解析】短語stop sb. from doing sth.意為“阻止某人做某事”,其中from 可以省略。 7.I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes. _________ 【答案】wear改為wearing 【解析】此處用動(dòng)名詞作介詞by的賓語。故把wear改為wearing。 8.

22、Thank you for spending time read my letter. _________ 【答案】read改為reading 【解析】句意:感謝您花時(shí)間讀我寫的信。spend time(in)doing sth.為固定用法,故將read改為reading。 9.You should have the courage to admit have broken the window. ________ 【答案】have改為having 【解析】a

23、dmit doing sth 承認(rèn)做過某事。句意：你應(yīng)該有勇氣承認(rèn)打破了窗戶。故把have改為having。 10.When the boss came in,the workers pretended to be work hard on their machines. ___________ 【答案】work改為working 【解析】根據(jù)句意“當(dāng)老板進(jìn)來時(shí)，工人們假裝在他們的機(jī)器上努力工作。”可知應(yīng)該用pretend to be doing ，故把work改為working。 11.His parents advised him go to school again,

24、 but he wouldn't. __________ 【答案】him后加to 【解析】固定短語advise sb. to do sth.意為“建議某人做某事”。故在him后加to。句意：他的父母建議他再去上學(xué)，但他不去。 12.I observed him to enter the office with a book in his hand. ___________ 【答案】刪去to 【解析】固定搭配observe sb do sth。意為“看見某人做某事”。故刪去to。句意：我看見他手里拿著一本書

25、走進(jìn)了辦公室。 13.Almost 50% of those surveying said that they supported the President's decision. ___________ 【答案】 surveying 改為 surveyed 【解析】考查考查過去分詞作定語。survey和those是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以用表示被動(dòng)的過去分詞。故把surveying 改為 surveyed。句意：近50%的被調(diào)查人員表示，他們支持總統(tǒng)的決定。 14.He resigned from the company in order have further study.

26、 ___________ 【答案】 order后加to 【解析】固定短語in order to意為“為了”。句意：為了進(jìn)一步學(xué)習(xí)，他辭去了公司的職務(wù)。故在order后加to。 15.Who was the last one leave the classroom last night? _________ 【答案】 one后加to 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞不定式作定語。被最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾的名詞或代詞后要用動(dòng)詞不定式作定語。故在one后加to。句意：昨晚最后一個(gè)離開教室的是誰？ 16.As a kid

27、, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not let me. ________________ 【答案】watching改為watch　 【解析】ask to do sth.意為“請(qǐng)求做某事”，是固定結(jié)構(gòu)。 17.Some of us were confident and eager take part in th

28、e class activity; others were nervous and anxious. ________________ 【答案】take前加to　 【解析】be eager to do sth.表示“渴望做某事”，是固定結(jié)構(gòu)。 18.When summer comes, they will invite their students pick the fresh vegetables！________________ 【答案】pick前加to　 【解析】invite sb. to do sth.意為“邀請(qǐng)某人做某事”，是固定結(jié)構(gòu)。

29、19.He would ask who we were and pretend not to knowing us.________________ 【答案】knowing改為know　　 【解析】pretend后面接不定式作賓語，這里是否定式pretend not to do sth.“假裝不做某事”。故knowing改成know。 20.It's been a month since I came to this new school and I really want share with you some of the problems I have been experiencing.________________ 【答案】want后加to　 【解析】want后跟動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語，want to do sth.意為“想要做某事”。 21.The position of the classroom with its view made me felt like I was dreaming.________________ 【答案】felt改為feel　 【解析】make后面跟不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)，即make sb. do sth.，表示“使某人做某事”，所以此處應(yīng)將felt改為feel。 8