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1、 Unit 3 A healthy life Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A Despite growing up in Croydon and Liverpool，neither Grace nor Paul felt at home in the city.After meeting at Staffordshire's Keele University，they fell in love with Skye on a geology field trip in 1979. “The island is only 50 miles north to south，but the variety

2、 of terrain(地形) and wildlife is impressive，” says Paul. Grace adds，“We both loved Gavin Maxwell's Ring of Bright Water and were really passionate about otters(水獺)．It was our dream to get away from the rat race，get married and run wildlife holidays and courses on Skye.” Five years and 29 loan appli

3、cations later，they moved to Skye.They were relieved to say goodbye to crowds and traffic and found that the island (population: about 20,000) attracts like-minded people.“A lot of musicians and craftspeople move here，looking for peace，” says Grace. After locals started bringing them injured anima

4、ls，they built a wildlife hospital and have since cared for 170 otters.Paul has gained a PhD in otter ecology and they've set up the International Otter Survival Fund (otter.org)，which supports conservation projects worldwide. Their three kids had carefree childhoods in a tight-knot community.“We co

5、uld give them lots of freedom because people watch out for each other's children here，” Grace explains. She continues，“We go to Inverness (a town in northern Scotland) about once a year for a concert，but otherwise everything we want is here.You have to be mentally and practically self-sufficient.We

6、 built a metal shed (小屋)，but that took off in the 90 mph winds.Anything not built solidly will leave. It's often very dark and wet from November to March，which can be quite depressing.If there's wind and rain at the same time，no amount of waterproof clothing will keep you dry.But we make up for

7、it in the summer.With the long days，there's nowhere better.” Paul concludes，“There's something so special about living here and having a sense of belonging.” [語(yǔ)篇解讀]　本文是一篇記敘文。一對(duì)夫婦為了遠(yuǎn)離城市的喧囂來(lái)到蘇格蘭西北部的斯凱島居住。 1．What can we learn about Paul and Grace? A．They grew up in the countryside. B．They have dif

8、ficulty getting along with others. C．They hold different opinions as to where to live. D．They're determined and environmentally aware. 解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的Five years and 29 loan applications later，they moved可知，他們執(zhí)著追求夢(mèng)想；根據(jù)第三段中的It was our dream...run wildlife holidays and courses以及第五段介紹的他們?cè)诒Ｗo(hù)野生動(dòng)物方面的

9、所作所為可知，Grace和Paul夫婦有強(qiáng)烈的環(huán)保意識(shí)。 答案：D 2．What's life on Skye like in Grace's eyes? A．It's lonely. B．It's quite busy. C．It can be hard sometimes. D．It may be boring for young people. 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段和倒數(shù)第二段中Grace所說(shuō)的話(huà)You have to be mentally and practically self-sufficient...Anything not built solidly

10、 will leave.It's often very dark and wet...can be quite depressing.If there's wind and rain at the same time，no amount of waterproof clothing will keep you dry可知，由于地理位置和天氣因素，在島上生活有時(shí)也很艱難。 答案：C 3．What's the best title for the text? A．A remote island B．An otter-saving project C．Getting away from i

11、t all D．Feeling at home in the city? 解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。文章講述了一對(duì)夫婦為了遠(yuǎn)離城市的嘈雜來(lái)到一個(gè)僻靜的島上生活的故事。故Getting away from it all準(zhǔn)確地概括了文章的主旨。第三段的get away from the rat race點(diǎn)明了他們的動(dòng)機(jī)。 答案：C B “De-extinction”， the idea that extinct (絕種的) animals can be brought back through cloning or genetic (基因的) engineering，has attracted

12、the interest of a small group of scientists. The topic has made the cover of National Geographic Magazine. Supporters say they are doing it for moral reasons and because we “miss” the extinct animals. They blame human exploitation (such as trapping，hunting, habitat destruction ) of the extinct anim

13、als, but their plans, though they sound exciting, are exploitation in another form. Considering the imperfect science of cloning, de-extinction would cause animals suffering. Most animals born of such experiments would suffer serious diseases, dying soon after birth or having a shortened

14、lifetime. Spanish and French scientists worked for years to bring the Pyrenean ibex, a species of wild goat, back from extinction by cloning. In 2009, they succeeded only in producing a sick baby goat that died 10 minutes after birth. For these animals to be born, other animals would live in capt

15、ivity, in a lab or elsewhere, and serve as mother substitutes (代用品)，routinely having operations as part of the cloning process. For example, elephants would be kept in captivity to carry woolly mammoth (猛犸) babies for nearly two years. Such experiments often lead to other animals' unhappiness as w

16、ell. If extinct animals are successfully brought back, where would they go? Their original habitats have developed and changed without them. They are unlikely to survive in the natural environment, but, if they do manage to survive, they will affect their environment in unpredictable ways, pres

17、enting a new threat to the ecological system. If the animals born through de-extinction are stuck in zoos and museums instead, what good is that? It is exploitation, not a solution. It would be better to apply creative thinking about protection to the real-life problems of today's world. De-extinc

18、tion takes attention away from the difficult situation of endangered animals. Discussions about woolly mammoth cloning do nothing to stop the illegal killings of endangered wild African elephants. Money would be better used to prevent human conflict with wildlife and their ecosystems. Let's keep de

19、-extinction in the world of science fiction, learn from our failed past, and protect wild animals and their habitats for the future. [語(yǔ)篇解讀]　本文為一篇議論文。通過(guò)克隆或基因工程使已經(jīng)滅絕的動(dòng)物“復(fù)活”引起了一些科學(xué)家的興趣，但這種做法對(duì)于現(xiàn)存的動(dòng)物及生態(tài)環(huán)境等不一定有利。 4．The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 1 refers to “ ”． A．de-extinction B．cloning

20、 or genetic engineering C．exploitation D．National Geographic Magazine 解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段第一句可知“de-extinction”指的是“通過(guò)克隆或基因工程使已滅絕的動(dòng)物重生”。再結(jié)合第三句(支持者們說(shuō)他們這么做是出于道德)，由此可見(jiàn)畫(huà)線的it指的就是“de-extinction”，故答案為A項(xiàng)。 答案：A 5．In Paragraph 2, examples are given to show that . A．modern elephants are related to woolly m

21、ammoth B．scientists should improve the cloning process C．de-extinction does harm to some animals D．it's possible to bring back extinct animals 解析：推理判斷題。第二段的主題句為第一句話(huà)，即Considering the imperfect science of cloning，de-extinction would cause animals suffering.然后作者用舉例的方法說(shuō)明了這一道理，由此可見(jiàn)本題答案為C項(xiàng)。 答案：C 6．W

22、hat might happen if extinct animals come back to the wild? A．The problem of extinction will be solved. B．They will live in their original habitats. C．The balance of nature may be disturbed. D．More endangered animals will be saved. 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“if they do manage to survive，they will affect t

23、heir environment in unpredictable ways，presenting a new threat to the ecological system”(如果它們真的生存下來(lái)了，它們會(huì)以不可預(yù)知的方式影響它們的生存環(huán)境，從而對(duì)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)造成一個(gè)新的威脅)可知答案為C項(xiàng)。 答案：C 7．According to Paragraph 4, de-extinction may . A．prevent the illegal killings of African elephants B．make people care less about endang

24、ered animals C．prevent the conflict between humans and animals D．raise public awareness of protecting animals 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“De-extinction takes attention away from the difficult situation of endangered animals.”可知答案為B項(xiàng)。 答案：B Ⅱ.閱讀七選五 Everyone makes mistakes.　1　 Making a mistake at work, howe

25、ver, can be more serious. It may cause problems for your employer and even affect the company's bottom line. Evil consequences will finally come down to you. Simply correcting your mistake and moving on may not be an option. When you make a mistake at work，your career may depend on what you do next.

26、 Admit your mistake. Tell your boss about your mistake immediately. The only exception is that you make an insignificant error that will not affect anyone. Otherwise, don't try to hide your mistake. 　2　 Present your boss with a plan to fix your mistake. When you go to your boss to admit your mi

27、stake, you must have a plan for correcting it. Present your plan clearly. Tell your boss how long it will take to carry out your plan and if there are any costs involved. Don't blame anyone else for your mistake. 　3　 Encourage those who may share responsibility to follow your lead in admitting to

28、your boss. 　4　 There's a big difference between admitting your mistake and beating yourself up about it. Take responsibility but don't blame yourself for making it, especially in public. Correct your mistake on your own time. If you have to spend extra hours at work to correct your mistake, don'

29、t expect to be paid for that time.　5　 A．Apologize for your mistake but don't beat yourself up. B．Usually you can correct your error or just forget about it and move on. C．You can use your lunch hour or come into work early. D．Pointing fingers won't help you if you make a mistake. E．Strengthen y

30、our friendship with your boss. F．You'll feel ashamed if your colleague takes the responsibility for you. G．You will look terrible if someone else discovers it. [語(yǔ)篇解讀]　每個(gè)人都會(huì)犯錯(cuò)誤，但是在工作中犯錯(cuò)常常導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重后果。如何改正工作中所犯的錯(cuò)誤呢？本文給出了五點(diǎn)建議。 1．解析：根據(jù)空處前句“每個(gè)人都會(huì)犯錯(cuò)誤”，并結(jié)合下文的“Simply correcting your mistake and moving

31、on may not be an option.”可知，空處與下文對(duì)應(yīng)，故此處應(yīng)選B，你通常會(huì)改正錯(cuò)誤，或者干脆忘記它繼續(xù)前行。 答案：B 2．解析：由空前一句可知，不要掩蓋錯(cuò)誤；據(jù)此可以判斷，選G項(xiàng)，陳述掩蓋錯(cuò)誤的后果。 答案：G 3．解析：根據(jù)該段標(biāo)題“Don't blame anyone else for your mistake.”可知，不要因你的錯(cuò)誤指責(zé)他人；據(jù)此可知，該段主要闡述“不要推卸責(zé)任”這一建議，故選D項(xiàng)。 答案：D 4．解析：根據(jù)空處位置可知，空處為該段標(biāo)題，即該段的主旨；根據(jù)該段的第一句“There's a big difference between ad

32、mitting your mistake and beating yourself up about it.”可知，該段主要闡述“為自己的錯(cuò)誤道歉，但是不要太責(zé)怪自己”，故選A項(xiàng)。 答案：A 5．解析：根據(jù)該段標(biāo)題“Correct your mistake on your own time.”可知，該段主要闡述“用自己的時(shí)間去改正錯(cuò)誤”這一建議；C項(xiàng)中的“your lunch hour or come into work early”與“your own time”對(duì)應(yīng)，故C項(xiàng)正確。 答案：C Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空 Chinese brush calligraphy or “shufa” i

33、n Chinese is one of 1. most important art forms in China. Many Asian cultures have originated their own calligraphy styles, but China's is unequaled because of 2. (it) beauty, grace (優(yōu)雅) and history. The 3. ( origin ) of Chinese brush calligraphy are unknown, bu

34、t local tales say it goes back over 4,000 years to the time of the legendary (傳說(shuō)的) Yellow Emperor (2698 BC － 2598 BC). At that time characters were carved on animal bones or tortoise shells. Only after Emperor Qin Shi Huang united China under his rule 4. one country did it really gain po

35、pularity as a common art form. He simplified Chinese characters and regular rules were set，5. (make) it easier for people to learn and master. This Chinese art form continued to progress and during the Tang Dynasty (618 AD－907 AD) a new type of cursive script(草書(shū)) was formed and standard

36、ized. It is written 6. (free), but it's not as easy to read. Today Chinese calligraphy is once again a subject in schools and an art form highly 7. (appreciate) across the world.Anyone can practice it and 8. is required is a simple set including: a brush, ink an

37、d paper. It's fun for amateurs to try，but to become good at it, not only years of practice but also natural talent 9. (need). Practising this art consistently can develop personal character and is of great 10. (benefit) to health. [語(yǔ)篇解讀]　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了中國(guó)書(shū)法的起源及特點(diǎn)。 1．解析：考查冠詞。根據(jù)

38、形容詞最高級(jí)most important可知，空處需用定冠詞the，此處意為“最重要的藝術(shù)形式之一”。 答案：the 2．解析：考查代詞。修飾名詞應(yīng)該用形容詞性物主代詞，所以填入its。 答案：its 3．解析：考查名詞的數(shù)。根據(jù)該句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞are可知，中國(guó)書(shū)法的起源不止一種，所以用名詞復(fù)數(shù)origins。 答案：origins 4．解析：考查介詞。unite...as/into...在此處意為“把……統(tǒng)一成……”，所以填入as/into。 答案：as/into 5．解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)詞make與其邏輯主語(yǔ)是主謂關(guān)系且與上文之間無(wú)連詞，故用現(xiàn)在分詞making在此處作狀

39、語(yǔ)。 答案：making 6．解析：考查副詞。修飾動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用副詞。 答案：freely 7．解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)詞appreciate與其邏輯主語(yǔ)art form是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞appreciated在此處作定語(yǔ)。 答案：appreciated 8．解析：考查主語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)“需要的東西就是一套簡(jiǎn)單的(書(shū)寫(xiě))工具”可知，此處應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句。 答案：what 9．解析：考查主謂一致和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)?！皀ot only...but also...”作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)遵循就近原則，故此處謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)。natural talent與動(dòng)詞need之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用is needed。 答案：is needed 10．解析：考查名詞。此處指“堅(jiān)持練習(xí)這門(mén)藝術(shù)能培養(yǎng)個(gè)人的性格而且對(duì)健康大有好處”，形容詞great后應(yīng)用名詞benefit。 答案：benefit 8