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1、專題四　介詞和介詞短語 綜合演練 Ⅰ.語法填空 (2018福建廈門一次質(zhì)檢) “Do the difficult things while they are easy and do the great things while they are small.” “Nothing is softer and　1　(flexible)than water, yet nothing can resist it.”? These are the food for thought　2　(serve)to tube passengers at Oval station in south Lond

2、on. It's been 14 years since customer services manager Anthony Gentles　3　(inspire)to brighten up the “blank faces” of travelers with daily　4　(wise)from his favorite book, Tao Te Ching. Every day he wrote one quote on the board　5　(him). Mr. Gentles said offering quotes from ancient China was his way

3、of　6　(try)to make people feel more welcome as they braved the Underground.? Thousands of quotes later, Mr. Gentles' favorite message remains the first one he wrote:“A journey of a thousand miles begins　7　a single step.” “Because it's　8　(fundamental)true,” he said. “No matter　9　you live your life, r

4、egardless of your situation, you have to take the first step.”? Since 2007,the baton(接力棒)has been taken on by his colleague Glen Sutherland, 　10　quotes on the station information board have set off a wave of enthusiasm to copy the practice across the capital.? 1.　　　　2.　　　　3.　　　　4.　　　　5.　　　? 6.　　　

5、　7.　　　　8.　　　　9.　　　　10.　　　? 答案　 [語篇解讀]　英國倫敦南部的歐維爾地鐵站站口的信息板上寫著名言,歐維爾地鐵站已經(jīng)堅持這個傳統(tǒng)14年了。 1.more flexible　句意:天下莫柔弱于水,而攻堅強者莫之能勝,以其無以易之。根據(jù)設(shè)空處后的than及設(shè)空處前的softer可推知設(shè)空處填形容詞flexible的比較級形式,flexible為多音節(jié)詞,故填more flexible。 2.served　句意:這些是為在倫敦南部歐維爾地鐵站的乘客準(zhǔn)備的心靈雞湯。本題考查非謂語動詞作定語。被修飾詞“the food for thought”與serve為邏輯上的被動

6、關(guān)系,故填過去分詞served。 3.was inspired　句意:14年來,客服部經(jīng)理安東尼·詹托斯每日從自己最愛的《道德經(jīng)》中分享一句智慧語錄,讓來往的旅客們面無表情的臉上有了精神。本題考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)?！癐t is/has been+一段時間+since從句”中,since從句的謂語動詞要用一般過去時;設(shè)空處前的主語customer services manager Anthony Gentles與inspire為被動關(guān)系,故設(shè)空處需填被動語態(tài)形式。綜上所述設(shè)空處填was inspired。 4.wisdom　設(shè)空處作介詞with的賓語,意為“智慧(語錄)”,故填名詞wisdom。

7、 5.himself　句意:每天他會親自在白板上寫一條名言。設(shè)空處表示“親自”,作狀語,故填him的反身代詞himself。 6.trying　句意:詹托斯先生說提供古代中國的名言是他努力讓人們在勇敢走進地鐵時感到更受歡迎的方式。設(shè)空處作介詞of的賓語,提示詞為動詞原形,由此可推知設(shè)空處需用動名詞作of的賓語,故填trying。 7.with　句意:摘抄了幾千條名言之后,詹托斯先生最喜歡的名言仍然是他寫下的第一條,即千里之行始于足下。本題考查動詞短語。begin with意為“以……開始”。 8.fundamentally　句意:他說:“因為這句話從根本上就是正確的?！痹O(shè)空處作狀語,故填

8、副詞fundamentally。 9.how　句意:無論你如何生活,無論你的現(xiàn)狀如何,你都得邁出第一步。no matter how引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,意為“無論如何……”。 10.whose　句意:自2007年,該接力棒被傳給了他的同事格倫·薩瑟蘭德,他在車站信息板上的名言激起了所有首都市民競相模仿的熱情。設(shè)空處前為完整的句子且沒有并列連詞或從屬連詞連接,由此可推出設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句。先行詞為Glen Sutherland,將先行詞代入定語從句后為:Glen Sutherland's quotes on the station information board have set off a

9、 wave of enthusiasm to copy the practice across the capital.,由此可知先行詞在定語從句中作定語,先行詞指人,故填whose。 Ⅱ.短文改錯 (2018山東德州夏津一中高三第一次月考) 假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤,每句中最多有兩處,每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。 增加:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。 刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。 修改:在錯的詞下畫一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。 注意:1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限

10、一詞。 2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計分。 This winter holiday my classmates and I go to the Sunshine Welfare House for voluntary work. After we went there, we talked about how we could do for the kids over the phone. The next day, we arrived at there with gifts we had prepared, and we received a warmly welcom

11、e. Then we began to play with them. I drew picture with the older kids, and my classmates told stories to the young ones. We spent the whole afternoon with them, talked and laughing. It was getting late. We waved goodbye to him and felt delighted to able to accompany those children. 答案　 This winte

12、r holiday my classmates and I ①gowent to the Sunshine Welfare House for voluntary work. ②AfterBefore we went there, we talked about ③howwhat we could do for the kids over the phone. The next day, we arrived ④ at there with gifts we had prepared, and we received a ⑤warmlywarm welcome. Then we bega

13、n to play with them. I drew ⑥picturepictures with the older kids, and my classmates told stories to the ⑦youngyounger ones. We spent the whole afternoon with them, ⑧talkedtalking and laughing. It was getting late. We waved goodbye to ⑨himthem and felt delighted to ⑩∧be able to accompany those childr

14、en. 解析　 1.考查動詞的時態(tài)。文章講述的是過去的事情,故使用一般過去時。 2.根據(jù)下文The next day...可判斷此處是說在去那兒之前我們在電話里討論了為那兒的孩子做什么事情。 3.考查名詞性從句。見上題解析。 4.arrive為不及物動詞,后接副詞時不需要加介詞。 5.考查形容詞。修飾名詞welcome需用形容詞warm作定語。 6.考查名詞的數(shù)。我和那些大一點的孩子畫畫,可數(shù)名詞picture前沒有限定詞,故使用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。 7.考查形容詞的比較級。根據(jù)上文的the older可判斷此處使用young的比較級younger。 8.考查非謂語動詞。邏輯主語We與動詞talk是主動關(guān)系,故使用現(xiàn)在分詞talking,與laughing構(gòu)成并列的伴隨狀語。 9.考查代詞。此處表示與那些孩子揮手告別,故使用them。 10.考查固定搭配。be able to do sth. 能夠做某事。 4