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1、1.1.探索利用坐標(biāo)來(lái)表示軸對(duì)稱(chēng). .2.2.掌握關(guān)于x x軸、y y軸對(duì)稱(chēng)的點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)特點(diǎn). .第1頁(yè)/共21頁(yè)如如第2頁(yè)/共21頁(yè)已知點(diǎn)已知點(diǎn)A A和一條直線(xiàn)和一條直線(xiàn)MNMN,你能畫(huà)出這個(gè)點(diǎn)關(guān)于已知直線(xiàn),你能畫(huà)出這個(gè)點(diǎn)關(guān)于已知直線(xiàn)的對(duì)稱(chēng)點(diǎn)嗎的對(duì)稱(chēng)點(diǎn)嗎? ?A AAAM MN N A A就是點(diǎn)就是點(diǎn)A A關(guān)于直線(xiàn)關(guān)于直線(xiàn)MNMN的對(duì)稱(chēng)點(diǎn)的對(duì)稱(chēng)點(diǎn). .O O然后延長(zhǎng)然后延長(zhǎng)AOAO至至OA,OA,使使AO=OA.AO=OA.過(guò)點(diǎn)過(guò)點(diǎn)A A作作AOAOMNMN于于O,O,第3頁(yè)/共21頁(yè)31425-2-4-1-3O12345-4-3-2-1A (2,3)A (2,3)你能說(shuō)出點(diǎn)A A與點(diǎn)AA坐標(biāo)
2、的關(guān)系嗎?如圖,在平面直角坐標(biāo)系中, ,你能畫(huà)出點(diǎn)A A關(guān)于x x軸的對(duì)稱(chēng)點(diǎn)嗎? ?y yx x第4頁(yè)/共21頁(yè)31425-2-4-1-312345-4-3-2-1A (2,3)A (2,3)A A(2,-3)(2,-3)點(diǎn)A A與點(diǎn)AA橫坐標(biāo)相同,縱坐標(biāo)互為相反數(shù). .x xy yO第5頁(yè)/共21頁(yè)31425-2-4-1-31 2 3 4 5-4 -3 -2 -1B (-4, 2)B (-4, 2)C(3, -4)C(3, -4)關(guān)于關(guān)于x x軸軸對(duì)稱(chēng)的點(diǎn)對(duì)稱(chēng)的點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)具的坐標(biāo)具有怎樣的有怎樣的關(guān)系?關(guān)系?在平面直角坐標(biāo)系中畫(huà)出下列各點(diǎn)關(guān)于x x軸的對(duì)稱(chēng)點(diǎn). .y yx xO第6頁(yè)/共21頁(yè)
3、31425-2-4-1-31 2 3 4 5-4 -3 -2 -1B (-4, 2)C(3, -4)B (-4, -2)C(3, 4)關(guān)于x x軸對(duì)稱(chēng)的點(diǎn)的橫坐標(biāo)相同,縱坐標(biāo)互為相反數(shù). .y yx xO第7頁(yè)/共21頁(yè)31425-2-4-1-312345-4-3-2-1A (2,3)A (-2,3)你能說(shuō)出點(diǎn)A A與點(diǎn)AA坐標(biāo)的關(guān)系嗎?如圖,你能在平面直角坐標(biāo)系中畫(huà)出點(diǎn)A A關(guān)于y y軸的對(duì)稱(chēng)點(diǎn)嗎? ?y yx xO第8頁(yè)/共21頁(yè)31425-2-4-1-31 2 3 4 5-4 -3 -2 -1B (-4, 2)C(3, -4)B (4, 2)C(-3, -4)關(guān)于關(guān)于y y軸對(duì)軸對(duì)稱(chēng)的點(diǎn)
4、的稱(chēng)的點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)具有坐標(biāo)具有怎樣的關(guān)怎樣的關(guān)系?系?在平面直角坐標(biāo)系中畫(huà)出下列各點(diǎn)關(guān)于y y軸的對(duì)稱(chēng)點(diǎn). .y yx xO第9頁(yè)/共21頁(yè) 關(guān)于關(guān)于y y軸對(duì)稱(chēng)的點(diǎn)的橫坐標(biāo)互為相反數(shù)軸對(duì)稱(chēng)的點(diǎn)的橫坐標(biāo)互為相反數(shù), , 縱坐標(biāo)縱坐標(biāo)相等相等. .第10頁(yè)/共21頁(yè)點(diǎn)(點(diǎn)(x, yx, y)關(guān)于關(guān)于x x軸對(duì)稱(chēng)的點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)為軸對(duì)稱(chēng)的點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)為_(kāi). .點(diǎn)(點(diǎn)(x, yx, y)關(guān)于關(guān)于y y軸對(duì)稱(chēng)的點(diǎn)軸對(duì)稱(chēng)的點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)為的坐標(biāo)為_(kāi). .(x,(x,y)y)( (x,y)x,y)第11頁(yè)/共21頁(yè)【解析解析】點(diǎn)點(diǎn)A(-3,5),A(-3,5),B(-4,1),C(-1,3)B(-4,1),C(-1,3),關(guān)
5、于,關(guān)于y y軸對(duì)稱(chēng)點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)分別為軸對(duì)稱(chēng)點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)分別為A(3,5),B(4,1),A(3,5),B(4,1),C(1,3).C(1,3).依次連接依次連接AB,BC,AB,BC,CA,CA,就得到就得到ABCABC關(guān)于關(guān)于y y軸對(duì)稱(chēng)的圖形,軸對(duì)稱(chēng)的圖形,即即ABC.ABC.A31425-2-4-1-3O O1 2 3 4 5-4 -3 -2 -1C BBAC已知ABCABC的三個(gè)頂點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)分別為A(-3A(-3,5),B(-45),B(-4,1),1),C(-1C(-1,3)3),作出ABCABC關(guān)于y y軸對(duì)稱(chēng)的圖形. .yx【例題】第12頁(yè)/共21頁(yè)技巧技巧: :對(duì)于這類(lèi)問(wèn)題對(duì)于這類(lèi)問(wèn)題
6、, ,只要先求出已知圖形中的一些特殊只要先求出已知圖形中的一些特殊點(diǎn)點(diǎn)( (如多邊形的頂點(diǎn)如多邊形的頂點(diǎn)) )的對(duì)應(yīng)點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)的對(duì)應(yīng)點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo), ,描出并連接這些點(diǎn)描出并連接這些點(diǎn), ,就可以得到這個(gè)圖形的軸對(duì)稱(chēng)圖形就可以得到這個(gè)圖形的軸對(duì)稱(chēng)圖形. .第13頁(yè)/共21頁(yè)1.1.點(diǎn)點(diǎn)P(-5, 6)P(-5, 6)與點(diǎn)與點(diǎn)Q Q關(guān)于關(guān)于x x軸對(duì)稱(chēng),則點(diǎn)軸對(duì)稱(chēng),則點(diǎn)Q Q的坐標(biāo)為的坐標(biāo)為_(kāi)._.2.2.點(diǎn)點(diǎn)M(a, -5)M(a, -5)與點(diǎn)與點(diǎn)N(-2, b)N(-2, b)關(guān)于關(guān)于x x軸對(duì)稱(chēng),則軸對(duì)稱(chēng),則a=_,b =_.a=_,b =_.(- 5 ,-6 )(- 5 ,-6 )-2-25 5
7、【跟蹤訓(xùn)練】第14頁(yè)/共21頁(yè)3.3.點(diǎn)P(-3, 2)P(-3, 2)與點(diǎn)Q Q關(guān)于y y軸對(duì)稱(chēng),則點(diǎn)Q Q的坐標(biāo)為_(kāi)._.4.4.點(diǎn)M(a, -6)M(a, -6)與點(diǎn)N(-2, b)N(-2, b)關(guān)于y y軸對(duì)稱(chēng),則a=_, a=_, b =_. b =_.( 3 , 2 )( 3 , 2 )2 2-6-6第15頁(yè)/共21頁(yè)1.1.完成下表完成下表: :已知點(diǎn)已知點(diǎn)(3,-3)(3,-3)(-1,2)(-1,2)(-8,(-8,- -5)5)(0,(0,- -1)1)(4,0)(4,0)關(guān)于關(guān)于x x軸的對(duì)稱(chēng)點(diǎn)軸的對(duì)稱(chēng)點(diǎn)關(guān)于關(guān)于y y軸的對(duì)稱(chēng)點(diǎn)軸的對(duì)稱(chēng)點(diǎn)(-3,-3)(-3,-3)(3
8、, 3)(3, 3)(-1,-2)(-1,-2)(1, 2)(1, 2)(8,-5)(8,-5)(-8,5)(-8,5)(0, -1)(0, -1)(0,1)(0,1)(-4,0)(-4,0)(4 4,0 0)2.2.已知點(diǎn)已知點(diǎn)P(2a+b,-3a)P(2a+b,-3a)與點(diǎn)與點(diǎn)P(8,b+2).P(8,b+2).若點(diǎn)若點(diǎn)P P與點(diǎn)與點(diǎn)PP關(guān)于關(guān)于x x軸對(duì)稱(chēng),則軸對(duì)稱(chēng),則a=_,b=_.a=_,b=_.若點(diǎn)若點(diǎn)P P與點(diǎn)與點(diǎn)PP關(guān)于關(guān)于y y軸對(duì)稱(chēng),則軸對(duì)稱(chēng),則a=_,b=_.a=_,b=_.2 24 46 6-20-20第16頁(yè)/共21頁(yè)31425-2-4-1-3012345-4-3-2
9、-1x=1P(-2,3)M(-1,1)N (5,-2)N(-3,-2)M (3,1)P(4,3)3.3.如圖, ,分別作出點(diǎn)P,M,NP,M,N關(guān)于直線(xiàn)x=1x=1的對(duì)稱(chēng)點(diǎn), , 你能發(fā)現(xiàn)它們坐標(biāo)之間分別有什么關(guān)系嗎? ?y yx x第17頁(yè)/共21頁(yè)(1 1)在平面直角坐標(biāo)系中, ,點(diǎn)(x,y)(x,y)關(guān)于直線(xiàn)x=1x=1對(duì)稱(chēng)點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)是多少? ?(2 2)在平面直角坐標(biāo)系中, ,點(diǎn)(x,y)(x,y)關(guān)于直線(xiàn)x=-1x=-1對(duì)稱(chēng)點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)是多少? ? (3 3)在平面直角坐標(biāo)系中, ,點(diǎn)(x,y)(x,y)關(guān)于直線(xiàn)y=1y=1對(duì)稱(chēng)點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)是多少? ?(4 4)在平面直角坐標(biāo)系中, ,點(diǎn)(x,
10、y)(x,y)關(guān)于直線(xiàn)y=-1y=-1對(duì)稱(chēng)點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)是多少? ?(-x+2,y)(-x+2,y)(-x-2,y)(-x-2,y)(x,-y+2)(x,-y+2)(x,-y-2)(x,-y-2)第18頁(yè)/共21頁(yè) 1. 1.關(guān)于關(guān)于x x軸對(duì)稱(chēng)的點(diǎn)軸對(duì)稱(chēng)的點(diǎn)橫坐標(biāo)相等,縱坐標(biāo)互為相反數(shù)橫坐標(biāo)相等,縱坐標(biāo)互為相反數(shù). .關(guān)于關(guān)于y y軸對(duì)稱(chēng)的點(diǎn)軸對(duì)稱(chēng)的點(diǎn)橫坐標(biāo)互為相反數(shù),縱坐標(biāo)相等橫坐標(biāo)互為相反數(shù),縱坐標(biāo)相等. . 2. 2.在平面直角坐標(biāo)系中畫(huà)一個(gè)圖形關(guān)于在平面直角坐標(biāo)系中畫(huà)一個(gè)圖形關(guān)于x x軸或軸或y y軸的對(duì)軸的對(duì)稱(chēng)圖形:先求出已知圖形中的一些特殊點(diǎn)稱(chēng)圖形:先求出已知圖形中的一些特殊點(diǎn)( (如多邊形的頂如多邊形的頂點(diǎn)點(diǎn)) )的對(duì)應(yīng)點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)的對(duì)應(yīng)點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo), ,描出并連接這些點(diǎn)描出并連接這些點(diǎn), ,就可以得到這個(gè)就可以得到這個(gè)圖形的軸對(duì)稱(chēng)圖形圖形的軸對(duì)稱(chēng)圖形. . 通過(guò)本課時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí),需要我們掌握:第19頁(yè)/共21頁(yè) 成功:成功:A=x+y+z.AA=x+y+z.A代表成功,代表成功,x x代表艱苦的代表艱苦的勞動(dòng),勞動(dòng),y y代表正確的方法,代表正確的方法,Z Z代表少說(shuō)空話(huà)代表少說(shuō)空話(huà). . 愛(ài)因斯坦愛(ài)因斯坦 第20頁(yè)/共21頁(yè)感謝您的觀看。第21頁(yè)/共21頁(yè)