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北京外國語大學(xué)考博英語模擬真題及其解析 Directions: In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 1-5, choose the most suitable one from the list A―G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. A new volcano was being born.Geng duo yuan xiao wan zheng kao bo ying yu zhen ti ji qi jie xi qing lian xi quan guo mian fei zi xun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiu qi ba ,huo jia zi xun qq: qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi. The volcano in the cornfield grew until it was bigger than the cornfield! 1 People called the volcano the Little Monster because it grew so fast. Scientists came from all over the world to study it and watch it grow. It is not often that people get a chance to watch a volcano from the very beginning. Most of the volcanoes have been here for a very long time. Some have been here so long that now they are cold. They are called dead volcanoes. They have stopped throwing out fire and melted rock and smoke. It is safe to walk on them. Farms are plowed on the quiet slopes, and people have built houses there. Some volcanoes have stopped throwing out hot rock, but they still smoke a little now and then. They are "sleeping" volcanoes. Sometime they may "wake up". 2 Today volcanoes are not so dangerous for people as they were a long time ago. Now we know more about why volcanoes do what they do, and we can usually tell when they are going to do it. 3 People used to think dragons under the earth caused volcanoes. They said the smoke that puffed above the ground was the dragons breath. They said the earthquakes were caused by the dragons moving around down in the earth. Now we know that this is not true. Another thing we know about volcanoes is that they dont happen just anywhere. 4 Scientists know where these places are, and maps have been made to let everybody know. There are different kinds of volcanoes. Some explode so violently that the rock goes high into the air and falls miles away. A volcano may shoot out ashes so high that they float all the way around the world. They have made the sunsets green and the snow purple. 5 One very tall volcano stays fiery red at the top all the time. It is lucky that the volcano is near the ocean. Sailors can use it for a lighthouse. [A]Othervolcanoes are more gentle. The hot lava rises in their cones and overflows, rolling slowly down the mountainside, where it becomes cool and hard. [B]Black smoke puffed out. Hot ashes fell like black snowflakes. Hot rock and fire and lava shot out. [C]Smokepuffed up, and rock started popping up out of a crack that opened in the ground. [D]Avolcano named Vesuvius slept for a thousand years. But it woke up and threw out so much hot melted rock that it buried the buildings of two cities. [E]Beforea sleeping volcano wakes up, it usually makes a noise like faraway thunder, and the ground shakes in small earthquakes. People are warned and have time to get away safely. [F]Avolcano starts from a hole in the ground from which hot rock and smoke and steam come out. Far, far under the ground it is so hot that rock melts. This hot melted rock, or lava, is sometimes pushed out of the earth through a hole or a crack in the ground. The steam inside the earth pushes the rock out. [G]Thereare certain places under the earth where the rock is broken in a way that lets the steam and hot rock escape to the outside more easily. 答案及詳解 1.B。填寫這幾句話時,應(yīng)該從上下文的語境和語意中來理解,前一句 說火山開始萌發(fā)了。 后一句說人們把火山稱為小惡魔因為是它萌發(fā)的十分迅 速, 可見中間的三句話應(yīng)該描述的是火山萌發(fā)的過程, 而需要填寫的這三句 話,簡明、扼要、顯得很有力量,同時也很形象地說明了問題。 2.D。填寫這段話時,應(yīng)結(jié)合前文來看。文章的第四段說明了有一種火 山的類型, 就是“休眠火山”, 那么下一段, 理所當(dāng)然可以舉個例子來說明。 3.E。填寫這幾句話時,也應(yīng)該結(jié)合上文來理解。在本段的前幾句提到, 現(xiàn)在的火山已不再讓人類感到那么恐懼,因為人類已經(jīng)可以預(yù)知它的發(fā)生 了。緊接下來,就從聲音、地面晃動等情況描述了火山蘇醒時的情景注意本 句話比較容易和選項 D 填寫的位置弄混淆。 4.G。填寫這句話時可以看到,前一句說的是我們已經(jīng)知道火山不會在 所有的地方爆發(fā),那究竟哪些地方不會發(fā)生火山呢,這句話就作出了描述, 講明了原因。 5.A。填寫這段話時,應(yīng)結(jié)合上文,前一段就說明了有很多種類型的火 山,并列舉了一種爆發(fā)時很猛烈的火山,那么與之對應(yīng),也就有爆發(fā)時相對 溫柔的火山。 F。這段話也是描述了火山萌發(fā)過程,很容易將它填在①處,但它不合 適的原因是,過于冗長,不適合當(dāng)時的語言環(huán)境,不能很好的表達(dá)出人們要 將火山稱之為小惡魔時的恐懼的心情。 C。這句話描述的是煙噴出,巖石迸出,火山即將爆發(fā)時的場景,顯然 沒有其它合適的地方填這句話,另外,可能有人會將它與選項 G 混淆,應(yīng)注 意區(qū)分兩者的意思。 中心思想 本文從火山噴發(fā)的過程。 火山的種類、 以及目前人類對火山的了解等諸 多方面,較為詳盡地向我們展示了火山這一奇妙的自然景觀。 本文由“育明考博”整理編輯