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2019年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試(全國卷I) 英 語 注意事項: 1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。 2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。 3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。 第一部分 聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分) 做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。 第一節(jié) (共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分) 聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。 例:How much is the shirt? A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15. 答案是C。 1.Where does this conversation take place? A. In a classroom. B. In a hospital. C. In a museum. 【答案】B 【解析】 【詳解】W: Excuse me, sir, visiting hours are over now. Your wife must get some rest. M: Oh, I’m sorry, doctor. I didn’t hear the bell, or I would’ve left earlier. 2.What does Jack want to do? A. Take fitness classes. B. Buy a pair of gym shoes. C. Change his work schedule. 【答案】A 【解析】 【詳解】M: Hello, my name is Jack. I need to get in shape. How do I register for the classes? W: We’ll need you to join the gym, and then you can find out which classes fit your schedule the best. 3.What are the speakers talking about? A. What to drink B. Where to meet. C. When to leave. 【答案】B 【解析】 【詳解】W: I’ll see you at the theatre. M: Better still, let’s meet in the Red Lion bar to have a little nice talk. W: Good idea, and I’d love to have a drink there. 4.What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Colleges. B. Classmates. C. Strangers. 【答案】C 【解析】 【詳解】M: Hello, my name is John Arber. And I’m calling to ask about the position advertised in Friday’s DailyMail. W: Yes, the position is still open. You could come over and have a talk with us. 5.Why is Emily mentioned in the conversation? A. She might want a ticket. B. She is looking for the man. C. She has an extra ticket 【答案】A 【解析】 【詳解】M: I have an extra ticket to the concert tonight. Would you like to join me? W: Thanks, but I already have one. You can ask Emily. She might be interested. 第二節(jié)(共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分) 聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。 聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。 6. How long did James run his business？ A. 10 years. B. 13years. C. 15 years. 7. How does the woman feel about James situation？ A. Embarrassed. B. Concerned. C. Disappointed. 【答案】6. C 7. B 【解析】 W: Did you know James went out of business? M: Really? When was that? W: Last month. M: That’s too bad! He had owned that business for 15 years. What happened? W: I don’t know. But life must be pretty tough for his family now. His sons are still so young. One is 13 and the other is 10. M: Well, maybe things are not as bad as they seem to be. W: I hope so. 【6題詳解】 此為聽力題，解析略。 【7題詳解】 此為聽力題，解析略。 聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。 8. What has Kates mother decided to do？ A. Return to school. B. Change her job. C. Retire from work. 9. What did Kates mother study at college？ A. Oil painting. B. Art history. C. Business administration. 10. What is Kates attitude toward her mothers decision? A. Disapproving. B. Ambiguous. C. Understanding. 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. C 【解析】 W: Guess what? My mother’s decided to go back to school. M: Why? W: Well, she always loved art, but learned business admistration at college, because her parents thought it was difficult for an artist to find a job. M: So she wants to study art now? W: Yeah, oil paining. It’s been her dream for a long time. M: It’s nice to return to learn what she loves. But, Kate, I still think old age should be about peace and relaxation. Hurrying to school every day and having to pass exams sounds a bit too much for her. W: You know, she retired last year and I’m leaving for the university soon. She needs to find something interesting to do. M: Well, maybe, if it’s what she wants. 【8題詳解】 此為聽力題，解析略。 【9題詳解】 此為聽力題，解析略。 【10題詳解】 此為聽力題，解析略。 聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題 11. What is the man doing？ A. Chairing a meeting. B. Hosting a radio program. C. Conducting a job interview. 12. What benefits Mary most in her job？ A. Her wide reading. B. Her leaders guidance. C. Her friends help 13. Who will Mary talk about next？ A. Her teacher. B. Her father C. Her mother. 【答案】11. B 12. A 13. C 【解析】 M: Dear listeners, for today’s show, I have with me, my colleague, Mary Lenny. She has been a radio and TV reporter for many years. Mary, welcome to our show! W: It’s a pleasure to be here. M: Would you please tell our listeners who most influenced your decision to become a reporter? Both my parents had a great influence on my choice of work, instead of trying to pick out a job for me, they helped me learn those things that led me to it. M: How did they do that? W: My father always told me that an education was one of the greatest advantages I could have, one that would always stay with me. He used to tell me that readers were leaders, and encouraged me to read all I could. As a result, I’ve always kept up with the newspapers, faithfully read magazines and learned to really enjoy books, all of which have been a valuable help to me in radio and television reporting. M: What about your mother? W: Well, my mother helped me in a much different way. 【11題詳解】 此為聽力題，解析略。 【12題詳解】 此為聽力題，解析略。 【13題詳解】 此為聽力題，解析略。 聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。 14. Why does the man seldom do exercise？ A. He lacks motivation. B. He has a heart problem. C. He works all the time. 15. What does Jacob Sattelmair probably do？ A. Hes an athlete. B. Hes a researcher. C. Hes a journalist. 16. Why does the woman speak of a study？ A. To encourage the man. B. To recommend an exercise. C. To support her findings. 17. How much time will the man probably spend exercising weekly？ A. 300 minutes. B. 150 minute. C. 75 minutes. 【答案】14. A 15. B 16. A 17. C 【解析】 M: We all know that exercise is good for us, but sometimes it seems too hard to leave the sofa. W: I can see that. You seldom do exercise. M: Plus, having the doctor tell us to get two and a half hours’ exercise a week doesn’t really help our motivation much. W: Don’t be discouraged. Now a new study suggests getting benefits from exercise doesn’t have to be that demanding. Jacob Sattelmair from Harvard University has done a study into how much exercise is needed to lower the risk of heart attacks. M: Mmm…, interesting! W: The study showed that people who put in 300 minutes a week of exercise had a 20% lower risk of death due to heart disease. Still, the people who exercise 115 minutes a week did pretty well, too, lowering their death risk by 14 %. M: And what about the people who exercise half as much as that, like what I probably do? Does that help? W: Of course, even 15 minutes would help. 【14題詳解】 此為聽力題，解析略。 【15題詳解】 此為聽力題，解析略。 【16題詳解】 此為聽力題，解析略。 【17題詳解】 此為聽力題，解析略。 聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。 18. What did the scientists do to the road？ A. They repaired it. B. They painted it. C. They blocked it 19. Why are young birds drawn to the road surface？ A. Its warm. B. Its brown. C. Its smooth. 20. What is the purpose of the scientists experiment？ A. To keep the birds there for a whole year. B. To help students study the birds well. C. To prevent the birds from being killed. 【答案】18. B 19. A 20. C 【解析】 Here is a piece of news for bird lovers. Scientists have painted a long road, red, yellow and white. They help to discourage the sea birds from wandering onto the highway. The area is home to large crowds of birds that come to stay for the season. Young birds are often attracted to the warm roads’ surface and get killed by the traffic. Biology student, Hannah tells the broadcaster. The youngster’s feathers are brown in color. The dark-colored road surface makes the youngster hard to be noticed. As the number of tourists has grown, so has the amount of traffic on the roads. Biologist Christen says the plan is to see how the birds respond to the multi-colored road this summer, and if it works, the idea could spread to other parts of the country. 【18題詳解】 此為聽力題，解析略。 【19題詳解】 此為聽力題，解析略。 【20題詳解】 此為聽力題，解析略。 第二部分 閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分) 第一節(jié) (共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分) 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。 A Need a Job This Summer? The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs. The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program. Not a student? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills, find a job or start businesses all year round. Jobs for Youth If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible(符合條件)for this program. Which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training. Who is eligible: Youth 15-18 years old in select communities(社區(qū)). Summer Company Summer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses. Who is eligible: Students aged 15-29, returning to school in the fall. Stewardship Youth Ranger Program You could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projects for eight weeks this summer. Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year. Summer Employment Opportunities(機會) Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service, its related agencies and community groups. Who is eligible: Students aged 15 or older. Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability. 21. What is special about Summer Company? A. It requires no training before employment. B. It provides awards for running new businesses. C. It allows one to work in the natural environment. D. It offers more summer job opportunities. 22. What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program? A. 15-18. B. 15-24. C. 15-29. D. 16-17. 23. Which program favors the disabled? A. Jobs for Youth. B. Summer Company. C. Stewardship Youth Ranger Program. D. Summer Employment Opportunities. 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. D 【解析】 本文為應(yīng)用文。本文敘述了省政府及其合作伙伴提供了許多項目來幫助學生暑期在找到工作。 【21題詳解】 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Summer Company部分中的“Summer Company provides students with ...awards of up to ＄3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses” 可知“Summer Company為學生提供高達3000美元的獎勵，來開始和經(jīng)營他們自己的暑期業(yè)務(wù)”。“start and run their own summer businesses”即“為開辦新的業(yè)務(wù)”，這對應(yīng)B項中的“runn new businesses”，二者是詞義之間的轉(zhuǎn)述關(guān)系。故選B。 【22題詳解】 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Stewardship Youth Ranger Program部分中的第二段“Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.”可知“符合條件的學生：16歲或17歲的學生，但在今年12月31日之前未滿18歲”。由此得出，這個項目要求年齡在16-17歲之間。分析選項可知D項符合題意，故選D。 【23題詳解】 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Summer Employment Opportunities部分中的最后一段最后一句“Who is eligible: ...Some positions require students to be 15to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability”,可知Summer Employment Opportunities有些職位是給殘疾人的。分析選項可知，D項符合題意，故選D。 B For Canaan Elementary’s second grade in Patchogue, N.Y.，today is speech day ,and right now it’s Chris Palaez’s turn. The 8-year-old is the joker of the class. With shining dark eyes, he seems like the of kid who would enjoy public speaking. But he’s, nervous.“I’m here to tell you today why you should … should…”Chris trips on the“-ld,”a. pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His teacher ,Thomas Whaley ,is next to him, whispering support.“…Vote for …me …”Except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well. When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion ,Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him. A son of immigrants, Chris stared learning English a little over three years ago. Whaley recalls(回想起)how at the beginning of the year，when called upon to read，Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom. Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience. What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. “It takes a lot for any student，” Whaley explains，“especially for a student who is learning English as their new language，to feel confident enough to say，‘I don’t know，but I want to know.’” Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president. The answer broke his heart. Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast(夸耀)about themselves. “Boasting about yourself，and your best qualities,” Whaley says，“is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.” 24. What made Chris nervous？ A. Telling a story. B. Making a speech. C. Taking a test. D. Answering a question. 25. What does the underlined word “stumbles” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Improper pauses. B. Bad manners. C. Spelling mistakes. D. Silly jokes. 26. We can infer that the purpose of Whaley’s project is to _________. A. help students see their own strengths B. assess students’ public speaking skills C. prepare students for their future jobs D. inspire students’ love for politics 27. Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher? A. Humorous. B. Ambitious. C. Caring. D. Demanding. 【答案】24. B 25. A 26. A 27. C 【解析】 本文屬于記敘文，講述Thomas Whaley為了幫助學生學英語以及樹立信心專門開展了一個演講課程。 【24題詳解】 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段today is speech day和本段最后一句with shining dark eyes, he seems like the kind of kids who would enjoy public speaking. 以及第二段第一句But he’s nervous.可知，Chris眼睛黑亮，似乎是那種喜歡公共演講的孩子，但是他卻很緊張，故可知Chris是因為做演講緊張，故選B。 【25題詳解】 詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段 “I’m here to tell you today why you should…should…” Chris trips on the “-ld”, a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. 以及后文except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well 可知, Chris 發(fā)ld比較困難，這對于英語不是母語的學習者來說都是一個困難，總體來說Chris做得出奇的好。根據(jù)前文可知，ld發(fā)音不準，因此有些結(jié)巴，停頓得不準，故選A。 【26題詳解】 推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast about themselves.以及最后一段 “boasting about yourself, and your best qualities,” Whaley says, “is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.”可知，這個課程不僅僅教孩子閱讀以及公共演講，還要讓孩子學會夸耀自己，而夸耀自己對于那些進入教室沒有信心的學生來說很困難，故可知，Whaley老師這么做是為了幫助學生認識自己的優(yōu)勢增加信心，故選A。 【27題詳解】 推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president.和最后一段He wants these kids to learn to boast about themselves可知，當他有一天問學生認為自己當不了總統(tǒng)請舉手的時候，想到了一個想法，這個課程就是幫助學生樹立自己的信心，故可以看出這位老師很關(guān)心學生的成長。humorous 幽默的， ambitious 有雄心壯志的；caring 關(guān)心的；demanding要求高的。故選C。 C As data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the market is growing for biometric(生物測量)technologies—like fingerprint scans—to keep others out of private e-spaces. At present, these technologies are still expensive, though. Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device(裝置)that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard. This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence(節(jié)奏)with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a users typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine peoples identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer its connected to—regardless of whether someone gets the password right. It also doesnt require a new type of technology that people arent already familiar with. Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently. In a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word “touch”four times using the smart keyboard. Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed, with very low error rates. The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic-like parts. The team hopes to make it to market in the near future. 28. Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard? A. To reduce pressure on keys. B. To improve accuracy in typing C. To replace the password system. D. To cut the cost of e-space protection. 29. What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible？ A. Computers are much easier to operate. B. Fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast. C. Typing patterns vary from person to person. D. Data security measures are guaranteed. 30. What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard？all 1o soisgitieoco oll. A. Itll be environment-friendly. B. Itll reach consumers soon. C. Itll be made of plastics. D. Itll help speed up typing. 31. Where is this text most likely from? A. A diary. B. A guidebook C. A novel. D. A magazine. 【答案】28. D 29. C 30. B 31. D 【解析】 這是一篇說明文。數(shù)據(jù)和身份盜竊變得越來越普遍，目前，向指紋掃描等這些技術(shù)仍然是昂貴的。本文介紹了一種新的科技——智能鍵盤，它能給e-space用戶帶來安全，而且這項技術(shù)也不貴。 【28題詳解】 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.和第二段的Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device that gets around this problem: a smart key board.可知，研究者們開發(fā)智能鍵盤是為了降低e-space保護的成本。故選D。 【29題詳解】 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的The key board could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user’s typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus，the keyboard can determine people’s identities可知，因為每個人的打字方式不同，使智能鍵盤能夠識別人的身份。故選C。 【30題詳解】 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.可知，研究者們希望智能鍵盤能早日面世。故選B。 【31題詳解】 推理判斷題。本文介紹了一種新的科技——智能鍵盤，它能給e-space用戶帶來安全，由此可知，本文是關(guān)于科技，結(jié)合所給選項可知，本文可能來自于一本雜志。故選D。 D During the rosy years of elementary school(小學), I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status. I was the queen of the playground. Then came my tweens and teens, and mean girls and cool kids. They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among whom I soon found myself. Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology. Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories: the likable and the status seekers. The likables’ plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work. Then there’s the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence: status born of power and even dishonorable behavior. Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed, Dr. Prinstein’s studies show unpleasant consequences. Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are “most likely to engage(從事)in dangerous and risky behavior.” In one study, Dr. Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents, scoring the least liked, the most liked and the highest in status based on student surveys(調(diào)查研究). “We found that the least well-liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates. But so had those who were high in status. It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us." Dr. Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date-sharing, kindness, openness — carry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others. In analyzing his and other research，Dr. Prinstein came to another conclusion: Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too. "Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage, ” he said. 32. What sort of girl was the author in her early years of elementary school? A. Unkind. B. Lonely. C.