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1、2022年高三英語(yǔ) 虛擬語(yǔ)氣復(fù)習(xí) 條件句 真實(shí)條件句:假設(shè)的情況是可能發(fā)生的. 虛擬條件句:假設(shè)的情況不可能發(fā)生或可能性很小. Ⅰ、虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件句中 從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反 與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反 與將來(lái)事實(shí)可能相反 If she knew as much about music as you do , my daughter would play the piano much better. You wouldn’t have caught cold if you had put on more cl

2、othes. If it rained /should rain /were to rain , the crops would be saved. 注意： ⒈省略if的虛擬條件句:從句謂語(yǔ)中有______、________、_________時(shí)，可以省略if，且將其放在主語(yǔ)前。 ① If I had known, I might have joined in your discussion. _________________, I might have joined in your discussion. ②If I were in your place , I woul

3、dn’t give it up. ____________________, I wouldn’t give it up. ③If it should rain tomorrow ,we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge. ___________________________, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge. ④Would Ma Li e to Brunei, I would meet her at th

4、e airport.(改 錯(cuò)) ⒉錯(cuò)綜時(shí)態(tài)虛擬條件句 If he had followed the doctor’s advice, he would be quite all right now. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I hadn’t fallen in love , at the age of seven, with the library in my hometown. ① Had Paul received six more

5、votes in the last election , he _________our chairman now. A.must have been B. would have been C. were D. would be ②If you _______Jerry Brown until recently , you’d think the photograph on the right was strange. A. shouldn’t contact B. didn’t contact C. weren’t

6、 to contact D. hadn’t contacted ③I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible , but I ________fully occupied the whole of last week. A. were B. had been C. have been D. was ④If you hadn’t taken such a long time to get dressed, we’d ____

7、there by now. A. be B. have C. are D. were ⑤If I had seen the movie, I ______you all about it now. A. would tell B. will tell C. have told D. would have told ⒊含蓄虛擬條件句：句中不含條件句，而是通過(guò)介詞短語(yǔ)、連詞、 分詞或上下文表示一個(gè)隱含的條件，常用的介詞及連詞有 otherwise, without , but for , u

8、nder, or , but ,were it not for等。 ①We could have done better under more favorable conditions . ________we had been provided with _______ _______ _____, We could have done better. ② Yesterday Jane walked away from the discussion. Otherwise, she might have offered some better suggest

9、ions. ________Jane ______ ______ _______ the discussion, she might have offered some better suggestions. ③ Were it not for the snowy weather , we _____all right . A. would be B. would have been C. were D. may be ④Without electronic puters, much of today’s advanced technology. A

10、. will not have been achieved B. have not been achieved C. would not have been achieved D. had not been achieved ⑤He was very busy yesterday , otherwise he _____to the meeting. A. would e B. came C. would have e D. had e ⑥---Congratulations. ----Thank you .But for your help ,

11、 we _________in the experiment. A. will never succeed B. shouldn’t have succeeded C. couldn’t have succeeded D. mustn’t have succeeded ⒋用if only 引出虛擬條件句，表示一個(gè)強(qiáng)烈的愿望。 ① 要是我知道這個(gè)問(wèn)題的答案該多好！ _______________________________________ ② Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I __

12、____your advice. A. follow B. would follow C. had followed D. have followed ⒌不用if引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句 虛擬語(yǔ)氣除了用于if 引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句外,還可以用于as if , unless, in case , for fear , on condition 等引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句. I’ll keep a seat for you in case you should change your mind. He can use the bi

13、cycle on condition that he should return it tomorrow. ① He’s working hard for fear that he ________. A. should fall behind B. fell behind C. may fall behind D. would fall behind Ⅱ、虛擬語(yǔ)氣在主語(yǔ)從句 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“（should） + 動(dòng)詞原形” ，表示必要、重要、建議、命令、要求、需要、驚奇、懷疑、惋惜等。 It is important /neces

14、sary/ strange /natural/ surprising + that… It is a pity / a shame / no wonder + that … It is suggested /ordered / demanded/ requested /decided +that … It is suggested that something ______ ______ ________(do) to reduce pollution. It is important that we _______ ________(unite) with all that can

15、be united in the struggle . Ⅲ、虛擬語(yǔ)氣在賓語(yǔ)從句 ⒈wish 表示未能實(shí)現(xiàn)或不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 現(xiàn)在不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望 過(guò)去不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望 將來(lái)不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望 I wish we had paid more attention to our pronunciation. How I wish I could fly! ① I wish that I _______with you last night. A. went B. had gone C. could go D. coul

16、d have gone ② I wish I _______with her. A. would be B. am C. was D. were ③ “ I wish you _______me to put these things away ,”he said. A. will help B. help C. are helping D. would help ⒉would rather 表示一種主觀愿望 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 過(guò)去的愿望 現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的愿望 I would rather I hadn’t told h

17、im the news. --Do you feel like walking there or shall we take a bus? -- I’d like to walk . But since there isn’t much time left , I’d rather you took a taxi. ①---I failed again . ---Regretful now ? I would rather you ______that much time on puter games. A. won’t spend

18、 B. didn’t spend C. haven’t spent D. hadn’t spent ②I’d just as soon ________rudely to her. A. that you won’t speak B. you not speaking C. you not speak D. you didn’t speak ⒊insist / order /mand / suggest/ advise / propose / require / demand / request /ask / des

19、ire/ intend 之類表示“建議，命令，要求，欲望”等的動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句：謂語(yǔ)用（should）+動(dòng)詞原形 The workers demanded that their pay (should ) be raised by 20﹪. 比較：Her pale face suggests that she____(be) in poor health. Why do you suggest _______( sent) to work there? The young man insisted that he ___(do) nothing wrong.

20、 The people present at the meeting all insisted that the river _____(not pollute) again. Ⅳ、虛擬語(yǔ)氣在其他句型 ⒈虛擬語(yǔ)氣在表語(yǔ)從句 表示間接的命令，要求，請(qǐng)求，建議，決定等，主句的主語(yǔ)通常為suggestion, decision , order ,idea, advice , request , plan ,proposal 等詞，從句謂語(yǔ)用(should)+動(dòng)詞原形。 His suggestion is that we should hold a meeting to dis

21、cuss the problem. ⒉. 虛擬語(yǔ)氣在同位語(yǔ)從句 當(dāng)同位語(yǔ)從句修飾的名詞為order ,suggestion ,advice, plan ,idea ,proposal等詞時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用(should)+動(dòng)詞原形 All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory (should) be closed down. ⒊虛擬語(yǔ)氣用于even if /though 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句:謂語(yǔ)形式與虛擬條件句中相應(yīng)的謂語(yǔ)形式一樣. We couldn’t have finished the work even if he

22、 had been here yesterday. ⒋虛擬語(yǔ)氣用于as if/though 引導(dǎo)的方式狀語(yǔ)從句或表語(yǔ)從句 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 現(xiàn)在沒(méi)能實(shí)現(xiàn)的事情 過(guò)去不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的事情 將來(lái)不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的事情 I remembered the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday . The man looked worried as if something would happen to him. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as

23、 if it were broken. ① Looking around the town , he felt as though he _____away for ages. A. has been B. was C. is D. had been ②John is so strongly built that he looks as if he _____an elephant. A. lifts B. is lifting C. lifted D. could lift ③He speaks Chinese as fluentl

24、y as if he _______a Chinese. A. were B. had been C. is D. has been ⒌虛擬語(yǔ)氣在定語(yǔ)從句 常在“It is (high) time + (that)….”句型中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“過(guò)去式”或“should+動(dòng)詞原形” It is high time that you got down to your studies. ① It is time that the government ______measures to protect the rare birds and animals. A.

25、takes B. took C. has taken D. taking ⒍虛擬語(yǔ)氣在簡(jiǎn)單句中的應(yīng)用 ① 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式（would和could）用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的句子中：表示說(shuō)話人的客氣，、謙虛、禮貌、委婉語(yǔ)氣等。 Would you be kind enough to open the door? ② 過(guò)去式用在某些習(xí)慣表達(dá)法中，表示現(xiàn)在的情況，如:had better ,would rather 等。 Which would you rather have ,tea or coffee? ③ may置于句首表示祝愿 May you be happy! ④

26、 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用動(dòng)詞原形表示強(qiáng)烈的愿望或祝愿。 God bless you! 練習(xí) Ⅰ、用正確形式填空 1. I _____(ask) my parents for help if I ______(be ) you. 2. If you ________(e ) to my house yesterday , you _____(see) my cousin John. 3. He ________(show) you the pictures he took in the summer holidays if you ________(be ) to

27、 see him tomorrow . But it seems you are too busy to go. 4. __________Dr Smith _______(travel) to Paris ,he _______(take) some pictures before the Eiffel Tower. 5. _________I _________(meet) Andy Lau some day, I ______(ask) him for a signature. 6. Given more time, Ben ________(do) the work much b

28、etter. Ⅱ、改錯(cuò) 1. If I am a fish ,I could swim freely in the sea. 2. If he goes to Vienna , he would go boating on the Rein. 3. Are you to explore the Sahara Desert, you could see some wonderful sunsets there. 4. If I could have told you about the differences between ancient China and Rome , I wil

29、l have. 5. Have you told me about it earlier, I would have finished the whole task before the due date. 6. When Edison died ,it was suggested that the Americans turned off all power in honour of this great man . 7. If he didn’t choose to save the girl , he wouldn’t have drowned. 8. If he had lai

30、n quietly as the doctor instructed , he will suffer so much now. 9. Without air, the surface of the Earth will be very hot in the day but cold at night . 10. He shook his head as if he is against the plan. Ⅲ、句型轉(zhuǎn)換 用虛擬語(yǔ)氣完成下列各句。 1. It’s a pity that I can’t be with you in the next three months. H

31、ow I wish I _____ _____ with you in the next three months. 2. You are badly ill because you didn’t see the doctor. If you ____ _______the doctor , you wouldn’t be badly ill. 3. It is wet outside . So we don’t allow the children to play in the garden. If it _____ ______wet outside , we would allo

32、w the children to play in the garden. 4. I didn’t take his advice , and now I regret a lot. _______ _______ I _____ _______his advice. 5. We usually go to bed at 10:00 . But now it’s 11:30. It is ______time we _______to bed. 6. He made many mistakes and he didn’t pass the test. If he _______ _

33、_______many mistakes , he ____ _____ ____the test . 同義句改寫。 1. If it were not for the rain , the crops would die . The crops would die ______ ______ _______. 2. If they hadn’t offered us potatoes they offered, we would have died. _______ _______the potatoes they offered, we would have died. 3.

34、How I wish it were Sunday today. ______ _______it were Sunday today. 4. If Tom had e , we would have caught the thief. _______ Tom _______, we would have caught the thief. Ⅳ、單項(xiàng)選擇 1. He was denied by the university this semester, but if he ______before August 15, he ________. A. applied ; wo

35、uld be accepted B. applied; had been accepted C. had applied; should have been accepted D. had applied ; would have been accepted 2._________ for the doctor’s careful treatment , he ______ till last year. A. If it is not ; can’t live B. Were it not ; couldn’t live C. Had it not bee

36、n; couldn’t have lived D. If they were not; couldn’t live 3._________listened to me , Thomas would not have failed in the exam. A. If he has B. Had he C. If he D. As soon as 4. –We missed you at this morning’s meeting , Charles. --I’m sorry , but if I ________to meet a friend , I

37、______there. A. were not to have ; would be B. shouldn’t have ; would have been C. hadn’t had ; would have been D. hadn’t had ; should be 5. If Williams ________ here last Sunday, he _____me from losing my temper. A. had been ; would have prevented B. had been; would prevent C.

38、 were; would prevent D. were; would have prevented 6. If I had worn my overcoat , I _______ a cold . A. won’t have caught B. won’t catch C. couldn’t have caught D. wouldn’t catch 7. If it ______ another five minutes , the concert would have been postponed. A. had rained

39、 B. would have rained C. have rained D. rained 8. If the safety precautions against the accidents _________, the miners _______ a chance of surviving then. A. were taken; would have B. were taken ; will have C. had been taken ; didn’t have D. had been taken ; wo

40、uld have had 9. I have no time now. If I ______time , I _______fishing with you. A. had ; may go B. had had ; would have gone C. had; would go D. have ; shall go 10.If you ______ here a bit earlier, you would have caught the train. A. had arrived B. arrived C. would ar

41、rive D. arrive 11. If I ________in the 21st century , I ______my holiday in a very different way. A. well live; should spend B. are living; should have spent C. will be living ; would have spent D. should live; would spend 12. _______, I would take an umbrella with me. A. Had I bee

42、n you B. I were you C. Were I you D. I had been you 13. If I _______out of ink, I might have finished writing the paper. A. hadn’t run B. shouldn’t run C. didn’t run D. haven’t run 14. _______the work , he would do it some other way. A. Was he doing B. If he does C. W

43、ere he to do D. If he is doing 15. –Did you go to see the football match yesterday? --No . I didn’t feel well , but I would have gone if I __________. A. did B. would C. had D. have 16. It would be impossible for him to leave hospital tomorrow if he __________first aid when the ac

44、cident happened. A . hadn’t been given B. wasn’t be given C. shouldn’t be given D. wouldn’t be given 17. Jack can’t have arrived , otherwise he _______ me. A. would have telephoned B. would telephone C. must have telephoned D. should have telephoned 18.A few minute

45、s earlier and we _______ the train. A. have caught B. had caught C. could have caught D. were to caught 19.The boy died in the hospital . He ______if he ______to hospital two hours earlier. A. might have save; was sent B. could have saved; had sent C. could have been saved; had been s

46、ent D. had been saved ; would be sent 20. Recently quite a lot of experts _______that another law on wildlife protection______ as soon as possible. A. suggested; must be passed B. have suggested; be passed C. were suggesting; was passed D. suggested ; being passed 21.If you _

47、______that movie last night , you wouldn’t be so sleepy now. A. haven’t watched B. didn’t watch C. hadn’t watched D. wouldn’t have watched 22.He ______ the job well, but he ________so careless. A. had done ; had been B. could do ; was C. could have done; was D. hadn’t done ;

48、 had been 23. ---Look at the black clouds. It ________soon. ---Sure . If only we ________out/ A. is raining ; didn’t start B. is to rain ; won’t start C. will rain; haven’t started D. is going to rain ; hadn’t started 24.Look at the terrible situation I am in ! If only I ____

49、__your advice. A. follow B. had followed C. would follow D. have followed 25.I’m glad I went over all my notes ,otherwise _________. A.I may have failed B. I’d fail C. I’d have failed D. I’ll have failed 26. –Don’t you think it necessary that he ______to the USA to study? ---I agree

50、, but the problem is ______he has refused to. A. will be sent; that B. be sent; that C. should be sent ; what D. should send ; what 27. Some women _______a good salary in a job instead of staying at home , but they decided not to work for the sake of the family. A

51、. could have made B. should have made C. would make D. must make 28. Thomas sometimes wishes that he _______in a small town . A. not live B. had not lived C. does not live D. were not living 29. All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he _____badly wounded and th

52、at he ______at once . A. should be ; be operated on B. were; must be operated on C. was ; should be operated D. was ; be operated on 30. His failure in the experiment suggested that he ______his teacher’s proper instructions. A. should not have followed B. should not follow C. must have followed D. hadn’t followed