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1、考點九　定語從句 限時25分鐘 一、單句語法填空 1．A football fan is a person ________ has a strong interest in football． 答案：who/that　句意：足球迷是對足球有強烈興趣的人。分析句子成分可知，此處引導(dǎo)定語從句，從句中缺少主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞，指人可用who/that。 2．Is there anyone in your class ________ family is in the country? 答案：whose　此處引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞為anyone。whose引導(dǎo)定語從句，在從句中作主語fa

2、mily的定語。 3．I shall never forget those years ________ I lived on the farm with the farmers． 答案：when　句意：我永遠也不會忘記和農(nóng)民們一起住在農(nóng)場的那些年。years是表示時間的名詞，且從句中不缺少主語和賓語，故用when引導(dǎo)定語從句，when在從句中作時間狀語。 4．We all know that this is the second book ________ he has ever written． 答案：that　句意：我們都知道這是他曾經(jīng)寫的第二本書。當(dāng)先行詞前有序數(shù)詞修飾時，要用

3、that引導(dǎo)定語從句。 5．________ is often the case in India, foreign firms will face big barriers． 答案：As　此處為as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，as在從句中作主語，指代逗號后面整個主句的內(nèi)容。 6．Those ________ have six or more close friends are described as “very happy”． 答案：who　句意：那些有六個或更多親密朋友的人常被認為是非常幸福的。先行詞為those (指人)時，常用關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)定語從句，且在從句中作主語。 7．

4、Michel Crozier, with ________ help Daisy passed the exam, was one of the straight A students of the school． 答案：whose　句意：米歇爾·克羅澤是學(xué)校全優(yōu)生之一，在他的幫助下黛西通過了考試。根據(jù)題干結(jié)構(gòu)和句意可知，本句中含有一個非限制性定語從句，先行詞為Michel Crozier，并且與從句中的名詞help之間構(gòu)成所屬關(guān)系，故用關(guān)系代詞whose。 8．The boy, of ________ the hair is red, is my brother． 答案：whom　句意

5、：有著紅色頭發(fā)的男孩是我哥哥。of whom the hair＝the hair of whom＝whose hair。 9．They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ________ sat a small boy． 答案：which　in front of which還原即in front of the farmhouse。關(guān)系代詞which指代先行詞the farmhouse。 10．In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of ________ are women． 答案：wh

6、om　two thirds of whom即two thirds of the 2,000 workers。關(guān)系詞在從句中作介詞of的賓語，因此用賓格whom。 11．It is such a good book ________ I want to buy immediately． 答案：as　根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句含有一個限制性定語從句。先行詞為a good book，并且從句中缺少賓語，又由于先行詞被such修飾，故關(guān)系代詞只能用as。 12．Our life has reached the stage ________ we should decide what to do an

7、d how to do it by ourselves． 答案：where　句意：我們的人生已經(jīng)走到了應(yīng)該獨立決定該做什么和如何去做的階段了。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句中含有一個定語從句。先行詞the stage作為抽象地點，并且從句中缺少地點狀語，因此應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞where。 13．I don't know the reason ________ he came so late． 答案：why　句意：我不知道他來得那么晚的原因。先行詞為the reason，且定語從句中缺少原因狀語，故用why。 14．Suddenly I heard a man shouting at a driver

8、, ________ car was blocking the street． 答案：whose　句意：突然我聽到一個人對一個司機喊了起來，那個司機的車擋住了街道。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，在從句中作car的定語，修飾先行詞a driver。 15．The way ________ he looks at problems is wrong． 答案：(that/in which)　先行詞是the way，且定語從句中缺少方式狀語時，定語從句的關(guān)系詞可以是that, in which或者省略。 16．They talked about the persons and things ______

9、__ they remembered at school． 答案：that　當(dāng)先行詞既有人又有物時，應(yīng)用that引導(dǎo)該定語從句。 17．I want to use the same tools ________ were used in your factory a few days ago． 答案：as　as引導(dǎo)定語從句時通常構(gòu)成such ．．． as或the same ．．． as結(jié)構(gòu)，其中such和the same修飾其后的名詞，as為關(guān)系代詞，指代其前的名詞并引導(dǎo)定語從句。as在從句中作主語。 18．We climbed up to the top of a hill, ___

10、_____ we got a good view of the whole forest park． 答案：where　句意：我們爬上了山頂，在那里我們可以看到整個森林公園的美景。此處the top of a hill是先行詞，指地點，后面的非限制性定語從句中不缺主語或賓語，缺一個地點狀語，故填where。 19．In the dark street, there wasn't a single person ________ whom she could turn for help． 答案：to　定語從句中使用了固定短語“turn to sb． for help”，意為“向某人求助”。

11、根據(jù)固定短語的搭配應(yīng)用介詞to。 20．Have you ever been in a situation ________ you know the other person is right yet you cannot agree with him? 答案：where　句意：你是否曾經(jīng)處于一種你知道另一個人是對的，但你卻不能同意他的看法的境況？分析句子可知，句中的先行詞為situation，關(guān)系詞在從句中作地點狀語，應(yīng)使用關(guān)系副詞where。 21．One theory, ________ suggested by Harvard University, is that human

12、s began cooking their food, thereby releasing nutrients locked in the raw food and reducing the time needed to chew it． 答案：as　句意：正如哈佛大學(xué)所研究的一樣，一項理論表明，人類開始通過烹飪食物來釋放生食物內(nèi)部的營養(yǎng)成分，以此減少咀嚼所需的時間。as在此引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，有“正如”之意，指代整個主句的內(nèi)容。 22．What sets human beings apart from animals is not the pursuit of happiness, b

13、ut the pursuit of meaning, ________ is unique to humans． 答案：which　句意：不是對幸福的追求而是對生命意義的追求才使得人類與動物不同，這是人類獨有的特征。which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾前面整句話的內(nèi)容。 23．The road construction is based on the agreement, one of ________ purposes is to ensure its completion on time． 答案：whose　句意：道路建設(shè)是以協(xié)議為基礎(chǔ)的，協(xié)議的一個目的是確保道路建設(shè)按時完工。在定

14、語從句中，關(guān)系詞在從句中作定語，故用關(guān)系代詞whose。 24．Particular scents also have an effect: diners ________ got the scent of lavender (薰衣草) stayed longer and spent more than those who smelled lemon, or no scent． 答案：who　句意：特殊的氣味也會產(chǎn)生影響：聞到薰衣草氣味的就餐者會停留更長時間，并且比那些聞到檸檬味或者沒有聞到什么味道的人花更多的錢。who引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾前面的diners，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語。 2

15、5．More public kindergartens in ________ preschool kids can spend their fun-filled childhood will be built this year． 答案：which　句意：今年將建立更多的公立幼兒園，學(xué)前兒童將在那里度過充滿樂趣的童年。in which＝where引導(dǎo)定語從句，在從句中作地點狀語，修飾先行詞more public kindergartens。 26．Youth is regarded by many people as a time in their life ________ fun,

16、 passion, and imagination seem limitless． 答案：when　句意：青年時期被許多人視為他們生命中一段似乎充滿無限歡樂、激情和想象力的時光。設(shè)空處所填詞引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞a time，關(guān)系詞在從句中作狀語，表時間，故填when。 27．Please send us all the information ________ you have about the candidate for the position． 答案：that　句意：請寄給我們所有關(guān)于這個職位候選人的信息。本句中含有一個限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞all the informa

17、tion。先行詞被all, the only, next等修飾時，定語從句用that引導(dǎo)。 28．The river, ________ runs through the center of the city, brings us lots of pleasure． 答案：which　句意：這條河流經(jīng)市中心，它帶給我們很多快樂。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，且在從句中作主語，指代先行詞the river，故用which。 29．Whichever method you choose, keep in mind the reasons ________ you are learning t

18、he language． 答案：why　句意：不管你選用哪種方法，一定要牢記你學(xué)習(xí)這門語言的原因。根據(jù)語境可知，________ you are learning the language為定語從句，先行詞為the reasons，設(shè)空處在定語從句中作原因狀語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞why。 30．She suggests another approach, one, I think, ________ suits us better． 答案：that　“I think”為插入語；設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞為不定代詞one，這種情況只能用that而不用which引導(dǎo)定語從句。 二、單句改錯 1

19、．We still remember the days on which we spent in the old house． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：去掉on　關(guān)系代詞which在從句中作spent的賓語，因此去掉介詞on。 2．Jim doesn't like the way which I deal with the question． ___________________________________________________________

20、_____________ 答案：which→that或去掉which或which前加in　先行詞是the way，且定語從句中缺少方式狀語時，定語從句關(guān)系詞可以是that, in which或省略。故把which改為that或去掉which或在which前加in。 3．Nancy enjoyed herself very much last week where she visited her friends in Sydney． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：w

21、here→when　先行詞last week是表示時間的名詞，且定語從句中缺少時間狀語，因此用關(guān)系副詞when來引導(dǎo)定語從句。 4．That scientist whose the work is successful has been made a model worker． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：去掉the　該定語從句中名詞work前缺少定語，故用whose引導(dǎo)該定語從句。whose與the不能同時使用，故去掉the。 5．The Voice of Ch

22、ina has set up a stage which some people can achieve their dreams． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：which→where　先行詞stage意為“舞臺”，關(guān)系詞在從句中作地點狀語，因此用關(guān)系副詞where。 6．They talked for about an hour of incidents, most of them happened recently． _____________________

23、___________________________________________________ 答案：them→which　兩個句子之間沒有連詞連接，應(yīng)該把代詞them改為具有連接作用的關(guān)系代詞。介詞of后指物的關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用which。 7．That day, what I am looking forwards to, is around the corner． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：what→which　本句中含有一個非限制性定語從句，關(guān)系詞在從

24、句中作賓語且先行詞是that day，因此用關(guān)系代詞which。what不能引導(dǎo)定語從句。 8．My friend showed me around the town, where was very kind of him． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：where→which　非限制性定語從句中缺少主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which，指代前面提到的整件事情。 9．Which we know, China is a country with a long history．

25、 ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Which→As　which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，一般跟在主句之后，所以此處應(yīng)用As。as we know “正如我們所知道的”。 10．They told me they had just arrived at the last destination where you went to last year． ______________________________________________________________

26、__________ 答案：where→that　句意：他們告訴我，他們剛剛到達了最后一個目的地，這個地方是你去年去過的。該句中含有一個定語從句，先行詞為destination，關(guān)系詞在從句中作went to的賓語；先行詞被“the last”修飾，故只能用that引導(dǎo)該定語從句。 11．Soon children in the summer camp had many new friends, to whom they shared food, stories, and projects． ________________________________________________

27、________________________ 答案：to→with　句意：夏令營里的孩子們很快就有了許多新朋友，他們一起分享食物、故事和專題研究。share sth． with sb．意為“和某人分享某物”。 12．SpellingBee is a contest which competitors, usually children, are asked to spell as many words as possible． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：w

28、hich→where　句意：SpellingBee是一種拼寫比賽，通常孩子們被要求拼寫出盡可能多的單詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此句中含有一個定語從句，contest是先行詞，關(guān)系詞在從句中作地點狀語，因此，用where作引導(dǎo)詞。 13．The subway was crowded with passengers going home from market, most of them carried heavy bags and baskets full of fruits and vegetables they had bought there． _____________________

29、___________________________________________________ 答案：them→whom　句意：地鐵擠滿了購物完回家的人們，其中大部分人手上拎著裝滿從市場買的水果蔬菜的包和籃子。逗號后為非限制性定語從句，由“介詞＋whom”引導(dǎo)。 14．After visiting Harbin, most of the foreign friends said they would never forget the time when they had spent． ________________________________________________

30、________________________ 答案：when→that/which　句意：在參觀過哈爾濱之后，大多數(shù)外國友人都說，他們永遠不會忘記在那里度過的那段時光。分析句式可知，先行詞為the time，從句中缺少賓語，故應(yīng)用which或that來引導(dǎo)定語從句。 15．Is this the reason why he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? ________________________________________________________________________

31、 答案：去掉why或why→that/which　句意：這就是那個他在會上解釋的工作上粗心的原因嗎？reason作先行詞時，如關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作狀語，用why引導(dǎo)定語從句；如果關(guān)系詞作主語或賓語，則用that/which引導(dǎo)定語從句。在本題中關(guān)系詞作賓語，因此，也可以省略引導(dǎo)詞that/which。 定語從句(一) 一、關(guān)系詞的用法 引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系詞(也稱為引導(dǎo)詞)包括關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞兩類。關(guān)系詞在定語從句中起連接作用，同時代替先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、表語、定語和狀語成分。 The work that/which has just been finishe

32、d is very important． She is the girl who/that lives next door． This is the house whose window broke last night． Tom was late for work again this morning, which made the boss angry． As is known to all, China is the biggest developing country in the world． I still remember the day when/on_which

33、I first came to this school． This is the small village where/in_which he was born． The reason why/for_which he refused the invitation is not clear． 注意：①關(guān)系代詞作賓語時可以省略，但作介詞的賓語時不能省略；②關(guān)系副詞一般可用“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”來代替。 二、只能用關(guān)系代詞that的幾種情況 1．當(dāng)先行詞既有人又有物時。 They are talking about the director and his films that I li

34、ke best． 2．當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾，或先行詞本身就是序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級時。 It is the best film that I have ever seen． 3．當(dāng)先行詞被the only/the very/the right/the last/just等詞修飾時。 This is the only book that is worth reading． 4．當(dāng)先行詞是不定代詞，或先行詞被不定代詞修飾時。 Have you taken down everything that Mr Li said? 5．當(dāng)主句是以which或who開頭的疑問句時。

35、Who is the man that is standing there? 三、只能用關(guān)系代詞which的幾種情況 1．“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中指物的關(guān)系代詞只能用which(指人時用whom)。 This is the school in_which I studied 10 years ago． 2．在非限制性定語從句中指物的關(guān)系代詞只能用which。 The meeting was put off, which was actually what we wanted． 限時25分鐘 一、單句語法填空 1．(2019·廣東省深圳市高級中學(xué)高三年級月考)Find gro

36、up activities ________ you can be with people who share your interests． 答案：where　句意：找到一些小組活動，你可以和那些和你有同樣興趣的人在一起。先行詞是activities，表抽象的地點，從句中不缺主語或賓語，而是缺地點狀語，故用where引導(dǎo)定語從句。 2．(2019·廣東省深圳市南山區(qū)高三上學(xué)期入學(xué)摸底考試)I had to stay and fight this rule again for girls ________ want to play football． 答案：who/th

37、at　句意：我不得不留下來為那些想踢足球的女孩們再次反抗這個規(guī)定。先行詞是girls，從句中缺少主語，故填who/that。 3．(2018·全國卷Ⅱ)The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government started a soil-testing program ________ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers—and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7．7 million to

38、ns． 答案：that/which　設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，且在從句中作主語，前面的“a soil-testing program”是指物的先行詞，故填that/which。 4．(2018·北京高考)She and her family bicycle to work, ________ helps them keep fit． 答案：which　句意：她和家人騎自行車去上班，這幫助他們保持健康。分析句子的結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處引導(dǎo)定語從句，且在從句中作主語，指代前面整個句子的內(nèi)容，故用which。 5．(2018·天津高考)Kate, ________ sister I shared a

39、 room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia． 答案：whose　句意：凱特已經(jīng)去澳大利亞工作了。我們在大學(xué)的時候，我和她的姐姐共住一室。分析句子，句中先行詞為Kate，在非限制性定語從句中作名詞sister的定語，故用關(guān)系代詞whose。 6．(2018·江蘇高考)Self-driving is an area ________ China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line． 答案：where　句意：自動駕駛是一個中國和世界

40、其他國家都在同一起跑線的領(lǐng)域。句中先行詞為area，在從句中作地點狀語，故用關(guān)系副詞where，相當(dāng)于in which。 7．(2018·全國卷Ⅱ)I arrived early at Byron Bay ________ we were supposed to meet． 答案：where　句意：我們早早地到達了Byron海灣，我們應(yīng)該在那里相見。where指代先行詞Byron Bay，在從句中作地點狀語，引導(dǎo)定語從句。 8．(2018·浙江高考)Then I got to the point ________ I was staying up really late at nig

41、ht to get my work done． 答案：where　句意：接著我到達了這樣的一個地步：我熬夜一直到深夜來完成任務(wù)。point在此表抽象地點，故用where引導(dǎo)定語從句，在從句中作地點狀語。 9．(2018·全國卷Ⅲ)Because of our efforts, our daughter Georgia did decide to donate a large bag of toys to a little girl ________ mother was unable to pay for her holiday due to illness． 答案：whose　句意：因

42、為我們的努力，我們的女兒喬治亞的確決定把一大袋子玩具捐獻給一個女孩，她的母親因為疾病沒有錢讓她度假。whose引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾前面的先行詞girl，作后面mother的定語。 10．(2018·北京高考)Now Mr Anderson has set up an online campaign to donate money for Mr Smith and other homeless people in the area, ________ by yesterday had received ￡8,000． 答案：which　句意：現(xiàn)在安德森先生發(fā)起了一個網(wǎng)絡(luò)運動給史密斯和本地區(qū)其

43、他無家可歸的人們捐款，到昨天為止已經(jīng)收到了8,000英鎊。which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾前面的an online campaign，故填which。 11．(2018·天津高考)One chilly night ________ I was hiking in the Rocky Mountains with some students, I mentioned that we were going to cross a mountain stream． 答案：when　前面的night是一個表時間的名詞，空格后面的句子不缺主語或賓語，缺少時間狀語，故填when。 12．(2018

44、·浙江高考)Many westerners ________ come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out． 答案：who/that　空格處引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞westerners，在從句中作主語，所以用who/that。 13．(2019·廣西省桂林市第十八中學(xué)高三月考)Just as I was in the middle of my descent (下降), a gentleman entered the main

45、 entrance ________ was right in front of the staircase． 答案：which/that　句意：當(dāng)我正在下樓梯的時候，一位男士進入通道，而通道口剛好在樓梯前面。修飾先行詞entrance，雖然entrance表示“入口處”有地點的意味，但是從句中缺少主語，故填which/that。 14．(2018·全國卷Ⅰ)Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 ________ showed a mere five to 10 minutes

46、 a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes． 答案：that/which　此處是定語從句，修飾前面的先行詞a study，從句中缺少主語，所以用that/which。 15．(2018·貴州省貴陽市高三適應(yīng)性考試)Don't fall into a situation ________ one person is always cleaning up． 答案：where　先行詞是表地點的抽象名詞situation, where引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾situation

47、，在從句中作地點狀語。 16．(2017·全國卷Ⅰ)This trend, ________ was started by the medical community (醫(yī)學(xué)界) as a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side effects such as overweight and heart disease． 答案：which　先行詞為this trend，且非限制性定語從句中缺少主語，故用which引導(dǎo)該定語從句。 17．(2016·全國卷Ⅰ)But my connection with p

48、andas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, ________ I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild． 答案：when　分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在此引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，且在從句中作時間狀語，故填關(guān)系副詞when。 18．(2017·江蘇高考)In 1963 the UN set up the World Food P

49、rogramme, one of ________ purposes is to relieve world wide starvation． 答案：whose　句意：聯(lián)合國在1963年成立了世界糧食計劃署，該組織的一個宗旨是減輕世界范圍內(nèi)的饑餓程度。此處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，因為World Food Programme與purposes之間構(gòu)成所屬關(guān)系，故用關(guān)系代詞whose引導(dǎo)。 19．(2017·全國卷Ⅲ)They went farther north into the deep forests of Canada, ________ there were fewer humans

50、around． 答案：where　句意：他們一直朝北前行直到加拿大的深山老林之中，那兒人跡罕至。先行詞為the deep forests，且定語從句中缺少地點狀語，故應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞where。 20．(2016·全國卷Ⅲ)Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, ________ lived from roughly 551 to 479 BC, influenced the development of chopsticks． 答案：who　句意：一些人認為生活在大約公元前551年到479年之間的中國的偉大學(xué)者

51、孔子影響了筷子的發(fā)展進程。所填詞引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，并在從句中作主語，指人，所以填who。 21．(2016·北京高考)I live next door to a couple ________ children often make a lot of noise． 答案：whose　句意：我住在一對夫妻的隔壁，他們家的孩子們總是很喧鬧。此處用關(guān)系詞whose在定語從句中作定語修飾children。 22．(2018·河南豫南九校質(zhì)檢)No one had tried to understand what the real problem was except the headmast

52、er, ________ helped me out simply by listening and hugging． 答案：who　句意：除了校長外，沒人試圖知道真正的問題是什么。她只是通過傾聽和擁抱就幫我從困境中解脫出來。設(shè)空前為逗號，由此可知設(shè)空處應(yīng)為引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。將先行詞代入定語從句可知，關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作主語，且先行詞指人，故填who。 23．(2018·河南八市重點高中質(zhì)檢)The sharks followed the warm currents ________ may have changed northward during this perio

53、d． 答案：that/which　句意：這些鯊魚跟隨著在這段時間可能已經(jīng)改為向北的暖流。先行詞為the warm currents，指物，且關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作主語，故填that/which。 24．(2016·天津高考)We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, ________ the weather may be better． 答案：when　句意：我們將公園的野餐推遲到下周，那時天氣可能更好。空格處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，從句中缺少狀語，先行詞是表示時間的名詞next week，故用when引導(dǎo)。 25．(20

54、16·天津高考)When walking down the street, I came across David, ________ I hadn't seen for years． 答案：whom　先行詞為David，且非限制性定語從句中缺少賓語，故填whom。 26．(2016·四川高考)One important biological factor ________ helps women live longer is the difference in hormones between men and women． 答案：that/which　先行詞為factor，指物，且定語

55、從句中缺少主語，故應(yīng)用that/which引導(dǎo)該定語從句。 27．(2016·天津高考)I wrote down all the reasons ________ this problem could not be solved． 答案：why　句意：我寫下了問題不能得以解決的所有原因。先行詞為reasons，定語從句中缺少原因狀語，故填why。 28．(2018·合肥質(zhì)檢)The mother thanked the young man again and again, without ________ help her son would have been killed by

56、 the passing car． 答案：whose　句意：這位母親一次又一次地感謝這個年輕人，如果沒有他的幫助，她的兒子就被經(jīng)過的汽車撞亡。分析句子成分可知，此處應(yīng)用whose修飾名詞help，引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。 29．(2018·綿陽三校聯(lián)考)Peter talked about the books and teachers ________ influenced him greatly in the school． 答案：that　先行詞為the books and teachers，先行詞既有人又有物，所以用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)定語從句。 30．(2018·陜西渭南模擬)I

57、'm sorry not to have replied to your letter earlier, for ________， I must say, I apologize． 答案：which　句意：很抱歉沒能早點給你回信，對此我必須道歉。關(guān)系詞在從句中充當(dāng)for的賓語，指“not to have replied to your letter earlier”這件事，應(yīng)用which。 二、單句改錯 1．(2016·四川高考)The dishes what I cooked were Mom's favorite． ________________________________

58、________________________________________ 答案：what→that/which或去掉what　句意：我做的菜是媽媽最喜歡的。關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作賓語，故應(yīng)用that/which或省略關(guān)系詞。 2．(2018·重慶模擬)I can't find my diary, what is a real headache for me． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：what→which　what不能用來引導(dǎo)定語從句。由逗號可知，逗號后的

59、句子為非限制性定語從句，which指代整個主句內(nèi)容，在從句中作主語。 3．(2019·長春市實驗中學(xué)期末)We are talking about one of the most interesting devices which allow people to deal with lots of aspects of their lives． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：which→that　先行詞devices前面有最高級the most inte

60、resting，所以使用that引導(dǎo)定語從句，故將which改為that。 4．(2019·山東臨沂一模)First, you can gain more knowledge about history, that will enrich your life greatly． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：that→which　句意：首先你可以獲得更多的歷史知識，這將極大地豐富你的生活。逗號后為非限制性定語從句，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，故將that改為which。 5

61、．(2018·周口模擬)That is the farm that I spent my childhood． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：第二個that→where　先行詞為the farm，定語從句中缺地點狀語，故用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)定語從句。 6．(2018·成都月考)The letter that I opened it wasn't for me． ___________________________________________________

62、_____________________ 答案：去掉it　關(guān)系代詞that替代先行詞the letter，在定語從句中作open的賓語，故將多余的it去掉。 7．(2018·陜西模擬)The reason because I didn't know was that no one had told me． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：because→why　because不能引導(dǎo)定語從句，故將其改為why，修飾先行詞reason，why在定語從句中作原因狀語。

63、 8．(2018·南昌三校聯(lián)考)I didn't know the name of the man helped me． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：helped前加who/that　關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時不能省，故應(yīng)補出此定語從句的主語。 9．(2018·河北調(diào)研)He was the only one of those students who were learning Chinese at that time． ___________________

64、_____________________________________________________ 答案：were→was　定語從句的先行詞是“one of＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”時，該定語從句的謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)；當(dāng)one由the only修飾時，定語從句的謂語動詞用單數(shù)。 10．(2018·全國卷Ⅰ)They also had a small pond which they raised fish． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：which→where或which前加i

65、n　本句是含有定語從句的復(fù)合句，先行詞是pond，關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中作狀語，相當(dāng)于in which，故將which改為where或在其前加in。 11．(2018·北京高考)Imagine a future which most adults own individual self-driving vehicles． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：which→where　句意：想象一個未來，那里很多成年人擁有自己的無人駕駛汽車。which引導(dǎo)定語從句，在從句中作主語

66、或賓語，而該從句中缺少地點狀語，故將which改為where。 12．(2018·全國名校聯(lián)盟模擬)Which is often the case many students tend to copy others' homework as the deadline approaches． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Which→As　句意：當(dāng)最終日期來臨的時候?qū)W生們往往抄襲他人的作業(yè)，情況往往是這樣的。引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時，as可放于句首、句中或主句之后，which不放在句首。 13．(2018·黑龍江高考仿真模擬)There were books in the piano room where became my parents' comfortable winter study． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：where→