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1、 Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors [基礎(chǔ)回顧] Ⅰ.單句語法填空(導(dǎo)學(xué)號02516357) 1．　It　 is assumed that stress is mainly caused by too much work. 2．If you don't like the school lunch, you have 　the　 alternative of bringing your own. 3．She has kept up physical training for several years without 　interruption　 (int

2、errupt)． 4．The more we are aware of the 　significance　 (significant) of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job. 5．If you study in a 　systematic　 (system) way, you won't leave anything out. 6．The plants need the right amount of sunlight and rain to grow and 　r

3、ipen　 (ripe)． 7．The mechanic who wishes to do his work well, must first 　sharpen　 (sharp) his tools. 8．The escaped prisoner got 　arrested　 (arrest) immediately he turned up at the railway station and was sent to prison again. 9．Scientists 　have identified　 (identify) more than forty chemicals in

4、tobacco smoke that cause cancer in humans and animals. 10．In contrast to our ignorance of saving food, many people especially those in poverty-stricken areas are suffering from 　starvation　 (starve)． Ⅱ.單句改錯(每句一錯)(導(dǎo)學(xué)號02516358) 1．I had no alternative but report him to the headteacher.　report前加to　

5、2．Assumed that the weather is favorable, farmers will have a good harvest.　Assumed→Assuming/Assume　 3．He could have finished it on schedule, but anyhow he fell behind.　anyhow→somehow　 4．I'm very sorry to interrupt with you, but I have something very important to tell you.　去掉with　 5．The significan

6、ce attaching to a national day is very different from country to country.　attaching→attached　 Ⅲ.佳句寫作(導(dǎo)學(xué)號02516359) 1．他們急匆匆地到達(dá)公司，結(jié)果了解到他們被開除了。(only to作結(jié)果狀語) 答案：They hurried to the company，only to learn that they were fired. 2．看看我們現(xiàn)在所處的困境。要是我們接受了他的建議就好了。(if only) 答案：Look at the trouble we are in no

7、w.If only we had taken his advice. 3．看，我的媽媽正在切碎包餃子的肉。(cut up) 答案：Look，my mother is cutting up the meat for making dumplings. 4．假設(shè)他在七點回來的話，我們就開會。(assume) 答案：Assume/Assuming that he comes back at seven，we will have a meeting. 5．盡管下大雨，醫(yī)護(hù)人員還是迅速地趕到事故現(xiàn)場。(in spite of) 答案：In spite of the heavy rain，th

8、e doctors and nurses rushed to the scene of the accident. [技能提升] Ⅰ.閱讀理解(導(dǎo)學(xué)號02516360) The ancient Mayan civilization collapsed due to a century-long drought, new research suggests. Minerals taken from Belize's famous underwater cave，known as the Blue Hole，as well as lagoons (環(huán)礁湖) nearby,

9、 show that an extreme drought occurred between A. D. 800 and A. D. 1,000, right when the Mayan civilization ended. After the rains returned, the Mayans moved north－but they disappeared again a few centuries later, and that disappearance occurred at the same time as another dry period, the sediments

10、(沉積物)reveal. Although the findings aren't the first to tie a drought to the end of the Mayan culture, the new results strengthen the case that dry periods were indeed the cause. That's because the data come from several spots in a region central to the Mayan heartland, said study co-author Andre Dr

11、oxler, an Earth scientist at Rice University. From A. D. 300 to A.D．700, the Mayan civilization flourished in the Yucatan peninsula. These ancient Mesoamericans built great pyramids, mastered astronomy, and developed both a writing system and a calendar system, which is famous for predicting that t

12、he world would end in 2012. But in the centuries after A. D. 700, the civilization's building activities slowed and the culture fell into war and unrest. The evidence for a drought has been growing in recent years. A 2012 study in the journal Science analyzed a 2,000-year-old stalagmite(石筍) f

13、rom a cave in southern Belize and found that sharp decreases in rainfall coincided with periods of decline in the culture. But the data came from just one cave, which meant it was difficult to make predictions for the area as a whole，Droxler said. To look for signs of drought, the team drille

14、d the sediments in the Blue Hole of Lighthouse Lagoon, as well as one in the Rhomboid reef. The lagoons were surrounded on all sides by thick walls of coral reef. During storms or wetter periods, excess water runs off from rivers and streams，overtops the retaining walls, and is deposited in a thin

15、layer at the top of the lagoon. From there, all the sediments from these streams settle to the bottom of the lagoon, piling on top of each other and leaving a record of the historical climate. The team found that during the period between A. D. 800 and A. D. 1,000, when the Mayan civilization coll

16、apsed, there were just one or two tropical cyclones (氣旋) every two decades, as opposed to the usual five or six. After that, the Maya moved north, building at sites such as Chichen Itza, in what is now Mexico. [語篇解讀]　瑪雅文化如何消失是一個神秘話題。新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：古瑪雅文化的消失可能與長達(dá)一個世紀(jì)的干旱有關(guān)。 1．What happened after an extreme dr

17、ought between A．D. 800 and A. D. 1,000? A．The Mayans were suffering a heavy flood. B．The Mayans suddenly disappeared from the earth. C．The Mayans were often attacked by tropical cyclones. D．The Mayans moved to places in what is now called Mexico. 解析：D　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“After the rains returned, the

18、Mayans moved north”和最后一段“After that, the Maya moved north，building at sites such as Chichen Itza, in what is now Mexico”可知D為正確選項。] 2．What is the main idea of Paragraph 4? A．The achievements of the Mayan civilization. B．The prediction the Mayan civilization made. C．The effects the Mayan civilizat

19、ion had on humans. D．The background where the Mayan civilization began. 解析：A　[段落大意題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“From A．D. 300 to A. D. 700, the Mayan civilization flourished in the Yucatan peninsula”以及后面舉的例子可知本段主要介紹瑪雅文明的繁榮。] 3．Why did the team drill the sediments in the Blue Hole of Lighthouse Lagoon? A．To learn

20、how the Blue Hole came into being. B．To know what lies on the bottom of the lagoon. C．To study the record of the historical climate. D．To see how excess water runs off from rivers and streams. 解析：C　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第七段第一句“To look for signs of drought”和最后一句“l(fā)eaving a record of the historical climate”可知C為

21、正確選項。] 4．What did Andre Droxler think of the analysis of the 2,000-year-old stalagmite? A．Amazing.　　　　　 B．Ridiculous. C．Reasonable. D．Unreliable. 解析：D　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段最后一句“But the data came from just one cave, which meant it was difficult to make predictions for the area as a whole, Droxler said”可知

22、來自一個洞穴的數(shù)據(jù)，很難對整個地區(qū)做出正確的預(yù)測。] Ⅱ.完形填空(導(dǎo)學(xué)號02516361) (2018·河北衡水中學(xué)一模)While I was waiting in line at a coffee shop earlier, a woman drove alongside the queue in a mobility scooter (踏板車). There was only a 　__1__　 space between the line of people and the tables, which she 　__2__　 to drive along. She drove

23、over my foot and didn't 　__3__　 saying nothing at all. I got annoyed and expected she would have　__4__　，but then I just decided to 　__5__　 it and got down to selecting which pastry (點心) to go with my coffee. The lady and I ended up sitting at adjacent (鄰近的) tables. She was on the end of a row so tha

24、t she could park her 　__6__　. After about half an hour，when she had 　__7__　 her coffee, she got up and back onto her scooter. It 　__8__　 start. She tried to turn the key several times 　__9__　 she telephoned the place she purchased (購買) it from. An engineer 　__10__　 within 5 minutes. The place must

25、have been local. I couldn't 　__11__　 overhearing (偷聽) their conversation, and it turned out she had just 　__12__　 the scooter that morning. This was her very first outing in it. She felt really 　__13__　 about driving it. 　__14__　，she wasn't used to its speed, nor its 　__15__　， and this combination m

26、ade it quite 　__16__　 to drive it through narrow gaps. Suddenly，I felt 　__17__　 for the lady. It really didn't 　__18__　 me at all that she'd driven over my foot. I had made an assumption, 　__19__　， that a person doing that should apologize. Next time you're about to 　__20__　 someone，pause for a se

27、cond and remind yourself that people have judged you without knowing what was going on in your mind or your life. [語篇解讀]　本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，主要講述了作者在被一個第一次騎踏板車的女性軋到腳，又目睹了對方騎車時的不安以及無法啟動車子的遭遇后，開始變得同情對方并最終原諒對方的故事。 1．A.private B．vast C．public D．narrow 解析：D　[考查形容詞辨析。由第二段最后一句中的“to drive it through narrow gap

28、s”可知，人群與桌子之間的空間狹小。D項意為“狹窄的”，符合語境。A項意為“私有的，私人的”；B項意為“巨大的”；C項意為“公共的”，均與語境不符。] 2．A.attempted B．promised C．declined D．guaranteed 解析：A　[考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)上文可知，人群與桌子之間的空間很狹??；又根據(jù)下文中的“drive along”以及“She drove over my foot”可知，她試圖從中穿過。A項意為“試圖”，attempt to do sth.意為“試圖做某事”，符合語境。B項意為“承諾”；C項意為“拒絕”；D項意為“保證”，均與語境不符。]

29、3．A.call back B．give up C．look back D．cheer up 解析：C　[考查動詞短語辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，她從作者的腳上面開了過去，沒有回頭看一下，并且什么都沒有說。A項意為“回電話”；B項意為“放棄”；C項意為“回頭看一下，回顧”；D項意為“使振作起來”。] 4．A.ignored B．a(chǎn)pologized C．explained D．forgiven 解析：B　[考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)第三段最后一句中的“that a person doing that should apologize”可知，作者當(dāng)時很生氣，希望她能道歉。A項意為“忽視，不理會

30、”；B項意為“道歉”；C項意為“解釋”；D項意為“原諒”。] 5．A.dismiss B．make C．replace D．inspect 解析：A　[考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)該句“I got annoyed and...and got down to selecting which pastry(點心)to go with my coffee.”并結(jié)合語境可知，前后表示轉(zhuǎn)折，作者起初很生氣，希望這位婦女能道歉，可一會兒之后，便不再理會這件事，開始認(rèn)真挑選自己的點心了。A項意為“不予理會，不予考慮”；B項意為“制作”；C項意為“代替”；D項意為“視察，檢查”。] 6．A.truck B

31、．bike C．car D．scooter 解析：D　[考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)文章第一句“...a woman drove alongside the queue in a mobility scooter(踏板車)．”可知，她坐在最后一排的目的是可以停放她的踏板車，此處與開頭的“scooter”照應(yīng)。] 7．A.poured B．finished C．ordered D．purchased 解析：B　[考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“she got up and back onto her scooter”并結(jié)合語境可知，此處應(yīng)指她喝完了咖啡然后起身去騎踏板車。A項意為“傾，倒”；B

32、項意為“完成”；C項意為“命令，訂購，點(酒菜等)”；D項意為“購買”。] 8．A.needn't B．shouldn't C．wouldn't D．mustn't 解析：C　[考查情態(tài)動詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“she telephoned the place she purchased(購買)it from”以及第二段第一句“An engineer 　__10__　 within 5 minutes.”可知，踏板車壞了，啟動不了。由此可知，C項“wouldn't”符合語境。A項意為“不必”；B項意為“不應(yīng)該”；D項意為“禁止”，均與語境不符。] 9．A.so B．until C

33、．unless D．before 解析：D　[考查連詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，她在給賣踏板車的地方打電話之前，又嘗試轉(zhuǎn)動了幾下鑰匙。A項意為“因此”；B項意為“直到”；C項意為“除非”；D項意為“在……之前”。] 10．A.broke in B．turned up C．ran away D．settled down 解析：B　[考查動詞短語辨析。根據(jù)上文中的“she telephoned the place she purchased(購買)it from”可知，在給賣踏板車的地方打電話之后，工程師在五分鐘之內(nèi)就到了。A項意為“闖入，打斷”；B項意為“出現(xiàn)，露面，到達(dá)”；C項意為“逃

34、跑”；D項意為“定居，安定下來”。] 11．A.tolerate B．a(chǎn)llow C．resist D．postpone 解析：C　[考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“overhearing(偷聽)their conversation”并結(jié)合語境可知，作者忍不住偷聽了他們的談話。A項意為“容忍”；B項意為“允許”；C項意為“抵制”；D項意為“推遲”。can't/couldn't resist doing sth.意為“忍不住做某事”，符合語境。] 12．A.collected B. stolen C．fixed D．a(chǎn)bandoned 解析：A　[考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“Th

35、is was her very first outing in it”可知，她那天上午剛從店里取了車，這是她第一次把它騎出來。A項意為“收集，領(lǐng)走”；B項意為“偷”；C項意為“固定，修理”；D項意為“放棄，遺棄”。] 13．A.concerned B．excited C．confident D．nervous 解析：D　[考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“she wasn't used to its speed”并結(jié)合常識可知，這是她第一次騎踏板車，所以她應(yīng)該是很緊張。A項意為“擔(dān)心的，憂慮的”；B項意為“興奮的”；C項意為“有信心的”；D項意為“緊張的”。] 14．A.Doubtfu

36、lly B．Certainly C．Fortunately D．Surprisingly 解析：B　[考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中的“This was her very first outing in it”可知，這是她第一次騎踏板車出門，當(dāng)然會不習(xí)慣它的車速。A項意為“懷疑地”；B項意為“當(dāng)然，肯定”；C項意為“幸運(yùn)地”；D項意為“吃驚地”。] 15．A.width B．length C．weight D．height 解析：A　[考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中的“she wasn't used to its speed”和下文中的“to drive it through narro

37、w gaps”可知，她既不習(xí)慣車速，也不習(xí)慣它的寬度。width意為“寬度”，與下文中的“narrow gaps”照應(yīng)，符合語境。] 16．A.cool B．convenient C．stressful D．desperate 解析：C　[考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，她那天早上是第一次騎踏板車出門，她既不習(xí)慣它的車速，也不習(xí)慣它的寬度，這讓她在狹小的空間里駕馭踏板車很有壓力。A項意為“涼爽的，冷靜的，酷的”；B項意為“方便的”；C項意為“有壓力的”；D項意為“令人絕望的，極度渴望的”。] 17．A.pleasure B．regret C．a(chǎn)ppreciation D．sym

38、pathy 解析：D　[考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)語境并結(jié)合上文描述這位女士騎車時的艱難可知，當(dāng)了解到實情后，作者突然對這個婦女的遭遇感到同情。A項意為“快樂”；B項意為“后悔”；C項意為“感激，欣賞”；D項意為“同情”。] 18．A.strike B．bother C．satisfy D．motivate 解析：B　[考查動詞辨析。作者在知道了這位婦女的情況之后，很同情她，也不再惱火她軋到了自己的腳。A項意為“給人印象，讓人覺得”；B項意為“煩擾，使惱怒”；C項意為“使?jié)M足，使?jié)M意”；D項意為“激勵，激發(fā)”。] 19．A.otherwise B．therefore C．howeve

39、r D．besides 解析：C　[考查副詞辨析。分析句子邏輯關(guān)系及語境可知，“It really didn't 　__18__　 me at all”與“a person doing that should apologize”前后兩部分構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，且中間用逗號隔開，故此處應(yīng)用轉(zhuǎn)折詞however連接；此處表示作者雖不再惱火她軋到了自己的腳，然而，作者之前卻認(rèn)為一個人應(yīng)當(dāng)為此道歉。] 20．A.judge B．hug C．persuade D．tease 解析：A　[考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“people have judged you without knowing wh

40、at was going on in your mind or your life”可知，下一次當(dāng)你打算對人作出評判時，應(yīng)該停下來想一想。A項意為“判斷，評判”；B項意為“擁抱”；C項意為“說服”；D項意為“取笑，戲弄”。] Ⅲ.短文改錯(導(dǎo)學(xué)號02516362) Dear Jane， How's everything going? I'm glad to have met you and become friend with you. I miss you very well and thus I'm writing to tell you anything about my new

41、 life at college. My new school is so beautiful as a huge garden. There are green grass and colorful flowers everywhere. My teachers are all kind and I believe, with time go by, I'll make a great progress. My classmates are very friendly and I made many new friends here.I feel that my new life is very excited, but I also realize that it is full of challenges. I've decided to work hard so that I'll have a brightly future. Of course, I'll also do more exercise to keep fit. I'm looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely， Tom 答案： 9