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新編商務(wù)英語綜合教程3（第二版） 參考答案整理（暫時缺少unit7，unit8） Unit 1 Reading I Pre-reading: 1. Brainstorming: (key for reference) Human body Disposition Mind Emotion head selfish clever love throat genial intelligent hate chest amiable sharp fear brain cheerful shrewd anger lung, heart, liver, urine, joint, muscle, bone, skeleton, nerve, rib, buttock, hip, waist, back, shoulder, neck, thigh, navel, abdomen… lenient, generous, tolerant, sinister, treacherous, lively, patient, gentle, kind, open, sensitive, bossy, susceptible docile, meek… slow, stupid, bright, keen, dull, foolish, smart, resourceful, having quick/ ready wits… sorrow, pride, anxiety, excitement, jealousy, joy, bitter, joyful, sad, gloomy, fearful, depressed, dismal… Exercise 2. Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences. 1. a 2. c 3. b 4. d 5. b 3. Give the English words according to the meaning provided. 1. barrier 2.instinct 3.fatigue 4.capacity 5. endurance 6.unfit 7.contact 8. build 9. favor 10.distract 11.stimulus 12.bruise 1. Put the following expressions from the text in the blanks 1. has an edge 2. exertions 3. buoyancy 4. instinct 5. has taken on 6. attain 7. keep your eye on 8. have a lot to do with 9. to catch up with 10. even, out 11. was, suited to 12. tolerance 13. in order 14. vital 15. on the part of 2. Rewrite the following sentences and replace the italicized words with the phrases in the text. 1. pick Bob’s father out of the crowd 2.evened out his payments 3.draw the line 4.in top form 5.has a lot to put up with 6.resulted from 6. Word study 1. a. He has formed a computer firm large enough to compete with any other one of the same business at home and abroad. b. Banks in our country are not allowed to compete over interest rate. c. The two world-famous companies have been in constant direct competition in the world market. e. They are really direct competitors in any significant markets. 2. a. The movie is fine but the background music destroys the whole effect. b. All the media exercise a profound effect on the popular mind. c. It will be a while before the governments new economic policy takes effect. d. Many parents lack confidence in their ability to effect change in their childrens behaviour. 3. a. The people of the UK hold that tax cuts which favor the rich should be put to an end. b. It is wrong for a teacher to favor one student over the other. c. The majority of the MPs are in favor of reforming tax laws. e. Indications are favorable for an upsurge in information trade in China today. 4. a. A plan has been put forward for improving the rate of production. a. If you go on at that rate, you’ll ruin your health. b. I rate that movie one of the best I’ve ever seen. c. The ancient house was rated as worth at least 6 million dollars. 5. a. We want to even the workload out a little, so that no one has more than they can handle. b. Make sure the floor is even before you lay the carpet. c. The two rivals were even in intelligence and competence. d. Most companies have suffered a drop in their profits, even very large companies. Post-reading (key for reference) Difference Between Men and Women Differences Men Women Strength on average, (a third) stronger Given opportunities, the strength gap would narrow considerably; some sportswomen are as strong as male athletes. Muscle mass more less ( only half the muscle mass of men) Heart bigger smaller, but can work relatively harder without any ill effects Pulse rates lower higher; a girl of 15 can attain a pulse of 200; while adult women athletes during exertion can reach 180 easily, 20 beats faster than a man Lung capacity 30% greater; smaller; no large-scale studies done on female respiration Aggressive instinct higher; play rough and prefer bruising physical contacts; encouraged to be aggressive since infancy Lower; punished for displays of aggressiveness since childhood Body fat less more, even physically active women have more fat, not necessarily affecting performance Spatial orientation better; using their own physical positions as a reference point to activity around them poorer; using peripheral objects as points of reference; easily distracted by visual stimuli Endurance supposedly becoming exhausted less quickly greater tolerance for fatigue Final conclusion: Physical differences between men and women don’t necessarily make much of a difference in athletic performance. Reading II Dictation A recent study of American public schools showed there is a cultural bias in education that favors boys over girls. The bias is unintentional and unconscious, but it is there nevertheless, and it is influencing the lives of millions of schoolchildren every year. From nursery school to postgraduate courses, teachers were shown to call on males in class far more than on female students. This behavior has a great impact on the learning process, for in general, those students who become active classroom participants develop more positive attitudes and go on to higher achievement. Comprehension 1.F 2. F 3. F 4. F 5. T 6. NM 7. T 8. F 9. T 10. F Vocabulary 1. a 2. b 3. a 4. d 5. c 6. a 7. c 8. b 9. d 10. c Special use I. 1. c 2. d 3. b 4. c 5. a 6. b 7. c 8. d 9. b 10. a 11. b 12. c 13. d 14. b 15. a II. 1. He could speak three languages by the age of six, but at that time he was not even able to count to thirty. 2. First-year students neednt choose optional courses, because all the courses have already been set for them. 3. The general manager said that he would telephone me after lunch. 4. She shall get her money as soon as she finishes the work. 5. The floor should often be washed, but you dont have to wash it daily. Translation 1. No matter how badly the company performed, its staff should face the challenges from the market in top form. 2. These measures tend to improve working conditions. 3. Her friends try to divert her thoughts from her sad loss. 4. The successful marketing of our new product results from the wisdom and courage on the part of our CEO. 5. In market economy, the government needs to gradually even out the distance between the poor and the rich by means of taxation. 6. Unable to put up with his headache any longer, he had to see a doctor. 7. It is not easy to draw the line between carefulness and anxiety. 8. The achievements in learning have a lot to do with students’ learning methods. 9. Since I’ll do the job on my own/independently, it makes no difference to me whether he is experienced or not. 10. While doing a market research, we need to use some data as points of reference. Cloze 1. c 2. c 3. d 4. a 5. b 6. c 7. d 8. b 9. b 10. c 11. a 12. d 13. b 14. c 15. b Extended activities A. Lexical Knowledge I. 1. semicommercial products 8. a multichannel television set 2. a semidetached house 9. a multicultural society 3. a semiofficial report 10.multilateral trade 4. a semiprofessional tennis player 11.a multimedia effect 5. a semiskilled labourer 12.multipurpose furniture 6. a semipublic meeting 13.a multinational organization 7. a semiformal dinner party 14.a multivolume history of China II. 1. uniform 5. unicorn 2. uniparental 6. unicycle 3. unisex 7. unidirectional 4. uniflow 8. unipolar III. 1. biannual 2. bicentenary 3. bilateral 4. bilingual 5. bimonthly IV. 1. triangle: geometric figure with three straight sides and three angles 2. trilogy: group of three related works, esp. three novels or operas 3. triple: having three parts or involving three people, groups, etc. 4. tripod: support with three legs for a camera, telescope, etc. 5. trisect: divide (a line, an angle, etc.) into three equal parts B. Function and Structure 1. Make the following into statements of comparison or generalization 1) The Times between Chinese food and Japanese food is that Chinese food is richer. 3) Jean has an advantage over Joan in that she can speak three languages. 4) A public school comes off better than a state school because it has more money and a better teaching staff. 5) Travelling by car is not so good to your health as travelling by bike because you can get more exercise riding a bike. 6) There is no comparison between fresh fruit and tinned fruit because fresh fruit is far more delicious. 7) There is a tendency for people to come to work by car. 8) Children tend/ seem/ appear to like chocolate and ice-cream. 9) In the vast majority of cases, historic buildings have been preserved by the local government. 10) Very intelligent children are inclined to get/ be bored at school. 11) Most people tend/ seem to choose holidays which differ from their daily routine. 12) Generally (speaking), women are more careful than men. C. Practical reading I. 1. d 2. a 3. d 4. b 5. c II. 1. c 2. a 3. d 4. b 5. b D. Additional vocabulary 1. hair 頭發(fā) 13. elbow 肘 2. brow 眉毛 14. waist 腰 3. temple 太陽穴 15. navel 肚臍 4. cheek 頰 16. buttocks 臀部 5. chin 頦，下巴 17. wrist 腕 6. neck 頸 18. thigh 股，大腿 7. shoulder 肩 19. leg 腿 8. back 背 20. knee 膝 9. arm 臂 21. calf 小腿肚 10. armpit 腋窩 22. shin 脛，小腿 11. chest 胸部 23. ankle 踝 12. stomach 腹部 24. heel 腳后跟 F. Humor Time Answer: b Unit 2 Reading I Pre-reading: 1. Brainstorming: (key for reference) auctioneer bid bidding block bidder tender auction block tenderer bid up auctioneer hammer tenderee bid/ tender for a Dutch auction agent bid in auction hall/ center participant auction off base price Exercise 2. Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences. 1. b 2. c 3. c 4. d 5. A 3.Give the English words according to the meaning provided. 1. slap 2.host 3. desperate 4. lot 5. propel 6. anniversary 7.facilities 8.exotic 9. focal 10.inspection 11. bidding 4. Put the proper forms of the following words or expressions from the text in the blanks 1. in, need of 2. dates back to 3. for one thing 4. rely on 5. in the course of 6. is, limited, to 7. popped up 8. perish 9. from afar 10. equivalent 11. ended up 12. was rushed to 5. Rewrite the following sentences and replace the italicized words with the phrases in the text. 1. for one thing, for another 2. relies heavily on 3. am in need of 4. pop up 5. 23 minutes or so 6. In the course of 6. Word study 1. a. The valuable vase will go to the person who bid the highest price for it. b. We offered 200 pounds at the auction for that painting, but another man bid against us. c. Our firm is bidding for the contract for the construction of the new expressway. d. A number of companies have submitted bids to buy the supermarket chain. 2. a. Both companies have signaled their willingness to establish a long-term partnership. b. The policeman signaled that the traffic should move forward slowly. c. The opinion poll is a clear signal to the President that the voters do not support his foreign policy. 3.a. We decided to implement the committee’s suggestions in full. b. If one party fails to implement the contract, he is obliged to compensate for the other party’s losses in accordance with the agreement. c. The implementation of the new freeway regulations is the necessity of the improvement of road transportation. 4.a. Has the telephone been connected (=joined to the main supply) in your new place yet? b. The government is planning a new railway connecting Tibet with Beijing. c. Id probably know Paul by sight, but I just cant connect the face and the name. d. The company has connection with a number of Japanese firms. 5.a. Completing the project on time and under budget generated a feeling of pride and accomplishment among the team. b. France generates a large part of its electricity from nuclear power. c. The great force of falling water can be used for the generation of electricity. d. Friction is common when three generations live together. Post-reading Groupwork: Discussion & Role-play Dutch auction English auction E-auction The way it is conducted Starts with a high price set by the auctioneer and the price then drops until a buyer signals that he will take the goods. The auctioneer offers a base price and bidders push the price up from below until the highest bid has been reached Participating buyers connect their office PCs to the auction centers via high-speed phone lines. Advantage/ disadvantage Much faster Tend to generate higher prices Slower An unreasonably high price may be generated if the bidding turns white-hot; the articles being auctioned may sell rather cheap. Allowing wholesalers to purchase online from remote sites Participants are able to get a better sense of overall pricing and supply by participating in several auctions at once. Where (not) suited to apply Ideal for a large quantity of easily evaluated goods which must be sold quickly. Unsuitable to be used to highly perishable goods, say, flowers and vegetables. Not suited to the transactions demanding a precise and thorough physical inspection or in-depth information Your comment English auctions are more widely used and more common than Dutch auctions. Most E-auctions are conducted in the English way today. But as more and more people are recognizing the advantages of Dutch auctions, it’s certain that more e-businesses will adopt the Dutch method, especially with those time-sensitive ones. Reading II Dictation Auction is a sale at which people bid for articles being sold. An auctioneer conducts the sale and receives the bids. In conducting the sale, the auctioneer usually acts as an agent for the seller, although he or she may also have an interest in the goods offered. The auctioneer divides the property to be sold into "lots". Either through a spoken announcement or printed catalog, the auctioneer describes the lots and outlines the legal and financial conditions for the auction. In the English system of auction, the auctioneer begins at a low price and participants keep raising their bids until the highest bid has been reached. Comprehension True / False / Not Mentioned 1. T 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. F 6. NM 7. T 8. T 9. T 10. F Vocabulary 1. d 2. a 3. b 4. d 5. c 6. a 7. b 8. c 9. d 10. a 11.b 12. d Special Use I. Notes: Modal verbs can be used to indicate possibility or certainty. They can be arranged according to the degrees of certainty or uncertainty that the speaker feels in the following scale. Uncertainty might may could can ought to would will certainty must Might can be considered as the most uncertain, must as the most certain. The negative form of must is can’t. 1. b 2. d 3. c 4. a 5. c 6. b 7. d 8. c 9. b 10. c 11. a 12. d II. 1. Have you noticed the traffic jam? There must be an accident on the highway. 2. You are her good friend, so you ought to know her address. 3. She will stay in the laboratory for days and nights until the experiment is finished. 4. Sometimes it can be very cold in winter in Shanghai. 5. According to the opinion polls, we will win quite easily. Translation 1. With the rapid development of the information technology, many a dot com company pops up in China. 2. After a fierce competition in bidding, the auction ended up at a record high price. 3. They have to rely on the river for drinking water. 4. This Multinational Corporation purposefully pushed up the price of the commodity. 5. The sales manager should be acquainted with the major buyers of the company as soon as possible. 6. It is on the advice of the consultants that the company directed the product to meet the needs of the middle class. 7. When the currency is greatly depreciated, it will be in urgent need of the intervention of the central bank. 8. When the financial crisis came off, the central bank of Thailand tried its best to stabilize the market price of its currency. 9. The grand temple dates back to the tenth century. 10. We came to the isolated island in the hope of finding a simpler way of life. Cloze 1. b 2. c 3. d 4. d 5. a 6. c 7. b 8. c 9. b 10. a 11. d 12. b 13. c 14. a 15. c Extended activities A. Lexical knowledge I. a. microphone b. macrophysics c. microscopic d. microcosm e. macroclimate f. macroeconomics g. microbiologist h. macrobiotic i. macroworld j. microwave 1. microbiologists 2. Macroeconomics 3. microphone 4. microwave 5. microcosm 6. macroworld 7. microscopic 8.macrobiotic II. 1. monopoly 2. Synchronous 3. extracurricular 4. monolingual 5. Extraneous 6. monotony 7. synonyms 8. monologues 9. synthetic 10.extraordinary B. Function and Structure Complete the following dialogues. 1) Mary: What do you think of that picture? Jason: I’m not really sure what to say about the picture. I can never understand modern art. Mary: There’s no doubt that it is horrid. I think a child of 5 years old can do better than that. Jason: Maybe you are right. The painter might well dump layers of paint onto the canvas. 2) Sue: Well, what’s wrong with the TV? Emily: I can’t say for certain. I just can’t get a clear picture. Sue: Do you think it is possible there’s something wrong with the antenna? Emily: Probably. The exterior antenna must have been moved by yesterday’s snowstorm. 3) Jessica: Fred, are you going to the party tonight? Fred: Definitely! To tell you the truth, I’m one of the organizers of the party. What about you? Jessica: Perhaps. Fred: Only perhaps? Jessica: Yeah, I am in two minds about it. Fred: Why? You are quite a party lover, I know. Jessica: I think there is a possibility Prof. Smith will give us a quiz on Chapter V tomorrow. Fred: Relax. It is impossible that we will have a quiz tomorrow. Prof. Smith will attend our party too. 4) Christine: Who’s the woman talking with our dean? She looks rather familiar. Fanny: She’s Miss Mason, a new foreign teacher in the Department of Foreign Languages. Christine: Are you sure who she is? Fanny: Yes, I’m absolutely sure who she is. I attended her lecture this morning. She is terrific. 5) Bob: I’m told that Christians believe in life after death. Do you believe it? Billy: Yes, I’m quite convinced about it. The Bible says so and the church says so too. Bob: Is there any doubt in your mind about this being true? No one can prove there is life after death yet. I’m rather doubtful about it. Billy: No one can prove there is no life after death, either. 6) Jack: In your prediction, who will be elected monitor? Jim: There’s no question that Joseph will win. Jack: Positively? There is still some doubt in my mind about who will be elected monitor. Jim: I have no doubt about it. Joseph is bound to win the election. He is generous and always ready to help others. Almost everyone in the class likes him very much. Jack: But he doesn’t study very hard. He often hands in his homework behind schedule and is always late for classes. I think the likelihood of his being elected is slim. Jim: Nonsense! Who do you think will be elected except Joseph? Jack: Maybe Carol. Jim: Carol? That bashful little girl? Not a chance! Jack: I think there is a good chance she will win. She is the top student in the class and every teacher likes her. Jim: I bet there is no chance that Carol will be elected. She is only a bookworm. She doesn’t even kn