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2019年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試(全國卷III) 英 語 注意事項: 1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。 2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。 3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。 第一部分 聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分) 做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。 第一節(jié) (共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分) 聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。 例:How much is the shirt? A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15. 答案是C。 1.【此處有音頻，請去附件查看】 Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a library. B. In a bookstore. C. In a classroom. 【答案】B 【解析】 【詳解】此為聽力題，解析略。 2.【此處有音頻，請去附件查看】 How does the woman feel now? A. Relaxed. B. Excited. C. Tired. 【答案】C 【解析】 【詳解】此為聽力題，解析略。 3.【此處有音頻，請去附件查看】 How much will the man pay? A. $520. B. $80. C. $100. 【答案】B 【解析】 【詳解】此為聽力題，解析略。 4.【此處有音頻，請去附件查看】 What does the man tell Jane to do? A. Postpone his appointment. B. Meet Mr. Douglas. C. Return at 3 o’clock. 【答案】A 【解析】 【詳解】此為聽力題，解析略。 5.【此處有音頻，請去附件查看】 Why would David quit his job? A. To go back to school. B. To start his own firm. C. To work for his friend. 【答案】C 【解析】 【詳解】此為聽力題，解析略。 第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分) 聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。 聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幱幸纛l，請去附件查看】 6. What does the man want the woman to do? A. Check the cupboard. B. Clean the balcony. C. Buy an umbrella. 7. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Employer and employee. C. Shop assistant and customer. 【答案】6. C 7. A 【解析】 此為聽力題，解析略。 【6題詳解】 此為聽力題，解析略。 【7題詳解】 此為聽力題，解析略。 聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幱幸纛l，請去附件查看】 8. Where did the woman go at the weekend? A. The city centre. B. The forest park. C. The man’s home. 9. How did the man spend his weekend? A. Packing for a move. B. Going out with Jenny. C. Looking for a new house. 10. What will the woman do for the man? A. Take Henry to hospital. B. Stay with his kid. C. Look after his pet. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 【解析】 此為聽力題，解析略。 【8題詳解】 此為聽力題，解析略。 【9題詳解】 此為聽力題，解析略。 【10題詳解】 此為聽力題，解析略。 聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幱幸纛l，請去附件查看】 11. What is Mr Stone doing now? A. Eating lunch. B. Having a meeting. C. Writing a diary. 12. Why does the man want to see Mr. Stone? A. To discuss a program. B. To make a travel plan. C. To ask for sick leave. 13. When will the man meet Mr. Stone this afternoon? A. At 3:00. B. At 3:30. C. At 3:45. 【答案】11. B 12. A 13. C 【解析】 此為聽力題，解析略。 【11題詳解】 此為聽力題，解析略。 【12題詳解】 此為聽力題，解析略。 【13題詳解】 此為聽力題，解析略。 聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幱幸纛l，請去附件查看】 14. What are the speakers talking about? A. A company. B. An interview. C. A job offer. 15. Who is Monica Stansfield? A. A junior specialist. B. A department manager. C. A sales assistant. 16. When will the man hear from the woman? A. On Tuesday. B. On Wednesday. C. On Thursday. 【答案】14. C 15. B 16. A 【解析】 此為聽力題，解析略。 【14題詳解】 此為聽力題，解析略。 【15題詳解】 此為聽力題，解析略。 【16題詳解】 此為聽力題，解析略。 聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幱幸纛l，請去附件查看】 17. What did John enjoy doing in his childhood? A. Touring France. B. Playing outdoors. C. Painting pictures. 18. What did John do after he moved to the US? A. He did business. B. He studied biology. C. He worked on a farm. 19. Why did John go hunting? A. For food. B. For pleasure. C. For money. 20. What is the subject of John’s works? A. American birds. B. Natural scenery. C. Family life. 【答案】17. C 18. A 19. B 20. A 【解析】 此為聽力題，解析略。 【17題詳解】 此為聽力題，解析略。 【18題詳解】 此為聽力題，解析略。 【19題詳解】 此為聽力題，解析略。 【20題詳解】 此為聽力題，解析略。 第二部分 閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分) 第一節(jié) (共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分) 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。 A OPENINGS AND PREVIEWS Animals Out of Paper Yolo！Productions and the Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph，in which an origami(折紙術(shù))artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio. Merri Milwe directs. In previews. Opens Feb.12.(West Park Presbyterian Church，165 W.86th St.212-868-4444.) The Audience Helen Mirren stars in the play by Peter Morgan，about Queen Elizabeth II of the UK and her private meetings with twelve Prime Ministers in the course of sixty years. Stephen Daldry directs. Also starring Dylan Baker and Judith Ivey. Previews begin Feb.14.(Schoenfeld，236 W.45th St.212-239-6200.) Hamilton Lin-Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton，in which the birth of America is presented as an immigrant story. Thomas Kail directs. In previews. Opens Feb.17.(Public，425 Lafayette St.212-967-7555.) On the Twentieth Century Kristin Chenoweth and Peter Gallagher star in the musical comedy by Betty Comden and Adolph Green，about a Broadway producer who tries to win a movie stars love during a cross-country train journey. Scott Ellis directs，for Roundabout Theatre Company. Previews begin Feb.12.(American Airlines Theatre，227 W.42nd St.212-719-1300.) 21. What is the play by Rajiv Joseph probably about?. A. A type of art. B. A teenagers studio. C. A great teacher. D. A group of animals. 22. Who is the director of The Audience? A. Helen Mirren. B. Peter Morgan. C. Dylan Baker. D. Stephen Daldry. 23. Which play will you go to if you are interested in American history? A. Animals Out of Paper. B. The Audience. C. Hamilton. D. On the Twentieth Century. 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C 【解析】 這是一篇應(yīng)用文。這篇文章對一些話劇的開幕和新劇首映進(jìn)行了介紹。 【21題詳解】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)話劇Animals Out of Paper的Productions and the Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph, in which an origami artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio.可知，Rajiv Joseph創(chuàng)作的的話劇是關(guān)于折紙的一種藝術(shù)。故選A。 【22題詳解】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)話劇The Audience的Stephen Daldry directs.可知，本劇是Stephen Daldry導(dǎo)演的。故選D。 【23題詳解】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)話劇Hamilton 的Li-Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton in which the birth of America is presented as an immigrant story.可知，話劇Hamilton的主題是美國的誕生，由此可知，如果你對美國歷史感興趣，你可以看這部話劇。故選C。 B For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western creative. "Its no secret that China has always been a source(來源)of inspiration for designers," says Amanda Hill, chief creative officer at A+E Networks, a global media company and home to some of the biggest fashion(時尚)shows. Earlier this year, the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of China-inspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art, with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics(美學(xué))on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries. The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences. "China is impossible to overlook," says Hill. "Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion — they are central to its movement. "Of course, only are todays top Western designers being influenced by China-some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese." Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking on Galiano, Albaz, Marc Jacobs-and beating them hands down in design and sales," adds Hil. For Hill, it is impossible not to talk about China as the leading player when discussing fashion. "The most famous designers are Chinese, so are the models, and so are the consumers," she says. "China is no longer just another market; in many senses it has become the market. If you talk about fashion today, you are talking about China-its influences, its direction, its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways." 24. What can we learn about the exhibition in New York? A. It promoted the sales of artworks. B. It attracted a large number of visitors. C. It showed ancient Chinese clothes. D. It aimed to introduce Chinese models. 25. What does Hill say about Chinese women? A. They are setting the fashion. B. They start many fashion campaigns. C. They admire super models. D. They do business all over the world. 26. What do the underlined words "taking on" in paragraph 4 mean? A. learning from B. looking down on C. working with D. competing against 27. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Young Models Selling Dreams to the World B. A Chinese Art Exhibition Held in New York C. Differences Between Eastern and Western Aesthetics D. Chinese Culture Fueling International Fashion Trends 【答案】24. B 25. A 26. D 27. D 【解析】 這是一篇議論文。文章主要講了中國文化對世界時尚屆的影響，中國年輕的設(shè)計師和模特如何最終在許多方面被認(rèn)可。中國成了世界時尚的風(fēng)向標(biāo)。 【24題詳解】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。答案定位在第三段The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.（此次展覽吸引參觀者人數(shù)創(chuàng)下了記錄，顯示出人們對中國影響的濃厚興趣。）由此可知，紐約的展覽吸引了許多參觀者，故選B。 【25題詳解】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。答案定位在第四段Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion-they are central to its movement . （中國模特是向全世界女性推銷夢想的美和時尚活動的代言人，這意味著中國女性不僅僅是時尚的消費者——她們是這場運動的核心。）由此可知，Hill說中國女性開創(chuàng)了新時尚，故選A。 【26題詳解】 詞義猜測題。下文and beating them hands down in design and sales說并在設(shè)計和銷售上擊敗他們。由此推斷出上文Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking on Galliano, Albaz, Mare Jacobs的意思是Vera Wang、Alexander Wang和Jason Wu正在與Galliano、Albaz和 Mare Jacobs競爭。taking on意思是“競爭”，故選D。 【27題詳解】 主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段china and its culture have long been an inspiration for western creations.以及最后一段If you talk about fashion today , you are talking about China - its influences , its direction, its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways."（如果你今天談?wù)摃r尚，你談?wù)摰氖侵袊挠绊?，它的方向，它令人驚嘆的服裝，以及年輕的設(shè)計師和模特如何最終在許多方面被認(rèn)可。），結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容，可知這篇文章最恰當(dāng)?shù)念}目是“中國文化助力國際時尚潮流”，故選D。 C Before the 1830s,most newspapers were sold through annual subscriptions in America, usually $8 to $10 a year. Today $8 or $10 seems a small amount of money, but at that time these amounts were forbidding to most citizens. Accordingly, newspapers were read almost only by rich people in politics or the trades. In addition, most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience. They were dull and visually forbidding. But the revolution that was taking place in the 1830s would change all that. The trend, then, was toward the "penny paper"-a term referring to papers made widely available to the public. It meant any inexpensive newspaper; perhaps more importantly it meant newspapers that could be bought in single copies on the street. This development did not take place overnight. It had been possible(but not easy)to buy single copies of newspapers before 1830,but this usually meant the reader had to go down to the printers office to purchase a copy. Street sales were almost unknown. However, within a few years, street sales of newspapers would be commonplace in eastern cities. At first the price of single copies was seldom a penny-usually two or three cents was charged-and some of the older well-known papers charged five or six cents. But the phrase "penny paper " caught the publics fancy, and soon there would be papers that did indeed sell for only a penny. This new trend of newspapers for "the man on the street" did not begin well. Some of the early ventures(企業(yè))were immediate failures. Publishers already in business, people who were owners of successful papers, had little desire to change the tradition. It took a few youthful and daring businessmen to get the ball rolling. 28. Which of the following best describes newspapers in America before the 1830s? A. Academic. B. Unattractive. C. Inexpensive. D. Confidential. 29. What did street sales mean to newspapers? A. They would be priced higher. B. They would disappear from cities. C. They could have more readers. D. They could regain public trust. 30. Who were the newspapers of the new trend targeted at? A. Local politicians. B. Common people. C. Young publishers. D. Rich businessmen. 31. What can we say about the birth of the penny paper? A. It was a difficult process. B. It was a temporary success. C. It was a robbery of the poor. D. It was a disaster for printers. 【答案】28. B 29. C 30. B 31. A 【解析】 本文為記敘文。文章敘述了“便士報紙”的誕生歷史。 【28題詳解】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Before1830s，... Accordingly newspapers were read almost only by rich people. In addition ,most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to mass audience. They were dull and visually forbidding.”可知，在19世紀(jì)30年代之前,只有富人才能讀報紙，而且大多數(shù)報紙中幾乎沒有能吸引大眾的內(nèi)容，讓人感覺無聊，，視覺上令人望而卻步。由此可得出那時的報紙沒有什么吸引力。分析選項，A . Academic學(xué)術(shù)的；B. Unattractive沒有吸引力， 無魅力的； C. Inexpensive廉價的，不貴的； D. Confidential機(jī)密的，保密的?？芍?A、C和D是錯誤的，只有B符合題意，故選B。 【29題詳解】 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段提到“便士報紙”針對大眾，很便宜的。更重要的是，在街上可以買的到報紙。 結(jié)合第三段中間的“streets sales of newspapers would be commonplaced in eastern cities”可知，報紙的街頭銷售隨處可見。由此可推斷出，街頭銷售意味讀報紙的多了。分析選項可知C符合題，故選C。 【30題詳解】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“The trend, then, was ‘penny paper’—a term referring to papers made widely available to the public. perhaps more importantly it meant newspapers that could be bought in single copies on the street.”可知，這種“便士報紙”針對大眾的，在街上可以買的到報紙。分析選項可知，選項B符合題意，故選B。 【31題詳解】 推理判斷題。第二段“The trend, then, was ‘penny paper’”及最后一段“The new trend of newspapers for ‘the man on the street’ did not begin well. Some of the early ventures were immediately failures. Publishers already in business, people who owners of successful papers, had little desires to change the tradition. It took a few youthful and daring businessmen to get the ball rolling.”可知，“便士報紙”新趨勢一開始并不好，一些早期的嘗試立即失敗了。已經(jīng)進(jìn)入商業(yè)領(lǐng)域的成功的出版商，并不想改變這一傳統(tǒng)。后來一些年輕而大膽的商人才推動了這件事。由此可推斷出“便士報紙”的誕生是一個困難而曲折的過程。分析選項可知，A項符合題意，故選A。 D Monkeys seem to have a way with numbers. A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys to associate 26 clearly different symbols consisting of numbers and selective letters with 0-25 drops of water or juice as a reward. The researchers then tested how the monkeys combined—or added—the symbols to get the reward. Heres how Harvard Medical School scientist Margaret Livingstone, who led the team, described the experiment: In their cages the monkeys were provided with touch screens. On one part of the screen, a symbol would appear, and on the other side two symbols inside a circle were shown. For example, the number 7 would flash on one side of the screen and the other end would have 9 and 8. If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen they would be rewarded with seven drops of water or juice; if they went for the circle, they would be rewarded with the sum of the numbers—17 in this example. After running hundreds of tests, the researchers noted that the monkeys would go for the higher values more than half the time, indicating that they were performing a calculation, not just memorizing the value of each combination. When the team examined the results of the experiment more closely, they noticed that the monkeys tended to underestimate(低估)a sum compared with a single symbol when the two were close in value—sometimes choosing, for example, a 13 over the sum of 8 and 6. The underestimation was systematic: When adding two numbers, the monkeys always paid attention to the larger of the two, and then added only a fraction(小部分)of the smaller number to it. "This indicates that there is a certain way quantity is represented in their brains, "Dr. Livingstone says. “But in this experiment what theyre doing is paying more attention to the big number than the little one.” 32. What did the researchers do to the monkeys before testing them? A. They fed them. B. They named them. C. They trained them. D. They measured them. 33. How did the monkeys get their reward in the experiment? A. By drawing a circle. B. By touching a screen. C. By watching videos. D. By mixing two drinks. 34. What did Livingstones team find about the monkeys? A. They could perform basic addition. B. They could understand simple words. C. They could memorize numbers easily. D. They could hold their attention for long. 35. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear? A. Entertainment. B. Health. C. Education. D. Science. 【答案】32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D 【解析】 這是一篇說明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：猴子可以進(jìn)行基本的加法運算。文章對研究的經(jīng)過和結(jié)論做了介紹和分析。 【32題詳解】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys…The researches then tested how…”可知，在對這些猴子進(jìn)行測試之前，研究者們對它們進(jìn)行了培訓(xùn)。故C選項正確。 【33題詳解】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“In their cages the monkeys were provided with touch screen…If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen, they would be rewarded with seven drops…; if they went for the circle, they would be rewarded with…”可知，當(dāng)猴子觸摸屏幕左邊時，它們會得到7滴水或者果汁的獎勵；當(dāng)它們觸摸屏幕的另一端（即畫著圓圈的部分）時，它們會得到17滴水或果汁的獎勵。由此可知，猴子是通過觸摸屏幕得到獎勵的。B選項正確。 【34題詳解】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“The monkeys would go for the higher values more than half the time, indicating that they were performing a calculation, not just memorizing the value of each combination”和第五段中的“When adding two numbers…”可知，猴子會在超過一半的時間內(nèi)選擇更高的值，這意味著它們在進(jìn)行計算，而不僅僅是記住每一個組合的值。由此可知，A選項正確：猴子能夠進(jìn)行基本的加法計算。由此亦可以排除C選項。 【35題詳解】 推理判斷題。通讀整篇文章可知，該文介紹的是哈佛醫(yī)學(xué)院的科學(xué)家Margaret Livingstone領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一個研究團(tuán)隊對猴子進(jìn)行實驗得出的研究結(jié)果。這屬于“科學(xué)研究”范疇，故該文應(yīng)出現(xiàn)在報紙的“科學(xué)”板塊。故D選項正確。 第二節(jié) (共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分) 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。 In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important. ___36___ While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise. Students should be able to extend the logic(邏輯)of each to their particular circumstance. Dos ? ___37___ Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus(教學(xué)大綱)and learning management system information to be sure the answer isnt hiding in plain sight. ? Participate in discussion forums(論壇), blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue. ___38___ Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the same. Donts ? Dont share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. ___39___ ? Dont openly express annoyance at a professor or class. ___40___ When a student attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually says more about the student. If there is truly a concern about a professors professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments. A. Thats what they are for. B. Turn to an online instructor for help. C. If more information is needed, they will ask. D. Remember that online professors get a lot of emails. E. Below are some common dos and don ts for online learners. F. Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another. G. Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions. 【答案】36. E 37. G 38. A 39. C 40. F 【解析】 本文為說明文。在網(wǎng)絡(luò)課堂上，與教授建立健康的交流模式是非常重要的，作者在文中列舉了一些規(guī)矩與禁忌。 【36題詳解】 根據(jù)文章段落結(jié)構(gòu)和本段首句In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important，可知，在網(wǎng)絡(luò)課堂上，與教授建立健康交流模式是非常重要的，作者在下文中列舉了一些規(guī)矩與禁忌，故選項E符合語境。 【37題詳解】 根據(jù)其后一句Questions about subject content are generally welcomed.（與課程內(nèi)容相關(guān)的問題是受歡迎的），解釋了什么樣的問題是好問題，可知，與G項“make sure they are good, thoughtful questions”相呼應(yīng)，要提一些好的令人深思的問題，故選G。 【38題詳解】 根據(jù)前一句 Participate in discussion forums（論壇）, blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue.可知，要參與論壇討論、博客和其他開放式的對話論壇。而這正是網(wǎng)絡(luò)課堂采用的交流的途徑，故選A。 【39題詳解】 根據(jù)本段Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends教授不是訓(xùn)練有素的護(hù)士，不是經(jīng)濟(jì)援助專家，也不是你最好的朋友，可知，不要分享個人信息或故事，如果他們需要更多信息的話，他們會主動問起的，故選項C符合語境。 【40題詳解】 通讀本段，并根據(jù)本段主題句Don’t openly express annoyance at a professor or class.告誡讀者，每個人都可能曾經(jīng)上過不太好的課，不要在社交媒體上攻擊教授，不要公開表達(dá)對教授或班級的不滿，要利用課程評價冷靜地提出你的意見。選項F符合上下文語境。 第三部分 語言知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分) 第一節(jié) (共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分) 閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。 The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to mid-March- ___41___ six months out of the year. Of course, w