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1、閱讀理解解題技巧 閱讀理解題是考查學(xué)生對活的語言材料的理解能力，即通過閱讀材料獲得信息的能力。具體說來，閱讀理解能力測試的主要要求是：〔1〕掌握所讀材料的主旨大意，以及用以說明主旨大意的事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)；〔2〕既理解具體事實(shí)，也理解抽象的概念；〔3〕既理解字面意思，也理解深層含義，包括作者的態(tài)度、意圖等；〔4〕既理解某句、某段的意義，也理解全篇的邏輯關(guān)系，并能根據(jù)文章進(jìn)行推理和判斷；〔5〕既能根據(jù)材料所提供的信息去理解，也能結(jié)合中學(xué)生應(yīng)有的常識去理解。根據(jù)這幾項(xiàng)能力測試的要求，試題中常采用如下幾種題型：事實(shí)詢問題、推理判斷題、數(shù)據(jù)推算題、識圖解意題和主旨大意題。根據(jù)這一測試要求和題型設(shè)計(jì)，答題

2、時(shí)可以采取如下解題技巧和對策。 1．首先解題時(shí)要充滿自信。由于平時(shí)有些同學(xué)對做閱讀理解時(shí)存在一種畏懼心理，因此考試做題時(shí)心理就難免會產(chǎn)生緊張感，特別是閱讀時(shí)再遇到幾個(gè)生詞就頭腦發(fā)脹，從而使自己的思路更加模糊不清。其實(shí)這是完全沒有必要的，因?yàn)殚喿x中遇到幾個(gè)生詞或幾個(gè)難以理解的句子是常有的事，也是正常現(xiàn)象。因?yàn)榘创缶V要求，試卷中允許有不超過3%的生詞，只要認(rèn)真分析，仔細(xì)閱讀，這些生詞和句子很可能并不影響你的解題。所以答題之前首先要有必勝的信心。 2．掃讀全文，理解全文主旨大意。拿到一篇文章，首先要快速掃讀全文，雖為掃讀，但不可漫不經(jīng)心，閱讀時(shí)也應(yīng)聚精會神，力求可能多地獲取材料信息，只是這次遇到

3、生詞和難句先不必去處理，不要因糾纏文中的個(gè)別生詞和難句而影響了對全文的主旨大意的了解。 3．對癥下藥，各個(gè)擊破。了解全文的大概意思之后，再把短文的問題簡單看一遍，弄懂題意，然后帶著問題再去尋讀全文。這次閱讀過程中要善于抓文章中的關(guān)鍵詞句。尋讀也就是迅速的查找需要了解的信息，是為某些特定的問題而閱讀，因此閱讀時(shí)要有較強(qiáng)的針對性，對與問題有關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)，詞句等仔細(xì)閱讀，認(rèn)真理解，同時(shí)結(jié)合不同考查內(nèi)容的題型，采取如下解題對策： 〔1〕事實(shí)詢問題：這類試題通常是以疑問詞what，who，when，where，why，how等引起的特殊問句，就文章中某一詞語、某一句子、某一段落或某一具體細(xì)節(jié)和事實(shí)進(jìn)行提

4、問。解答此類試題首先要弄清題目和每一個(gè)選項(xiàng)的含義，然后按題目要求尋找與之相關(guān)的細(xì)節(jié)，正確估計(jì)答案來源，同時(shí)注意題目和文章中的暗示作用。特別注意區(qū)分各種信息，確認(rèn)各種信息。 〔2〕推理判斷題：此題要求我們通過外表文字信息去推測文章隱含的意思，對文章的開展情節(jié)及作者的態(tài)度、意圖等做出符合邏輯的的推理判斷。這種題要求我們在閱讀時(shí)要抓住文章的主題和細(xì)節(jié)、從分析文章的結(jié)構(gòu)入手，根據(jù)上下文的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，充分挖掘文章的深層含義。對暗含在文章中事件的因果關(guān)系，人物的動機(jī)，以及作者未言明的傾向、態(tài)度、意圖、觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行符合邏輯的推理、分析和判斷。同時(shí)善于抓住文中實(shí)質(zhì)性的東西，不要被帶假象的外表信息或似是而非的東西所

5、迷惑。并且注意推斷作者態(tài)度時(shí)要力求從作者的態(tài)度、觀點(diǎn)去思考，切勿想當(dāng)然，憑個(gè)人的觀點(diǎn)習(xí)慣看法來答復(fù)的問題。 〔3〕數(shù)據(jù)推算題：此題要求我們就文章提供的數(shù)據(jù)，以及數(shù)據(jù)與文章中其他信息的關(guān)系做出計(jì)算和推斷，然后做出選擇。這就要求我們解題時(shí)，要在理解好題意的前提下去對與數(shù)據(jù)有關(guān)的信息認(rèn)真分析，假設(shè)數(shù)據(jù)信息較多，還要注意弄清數(shù)據(jù)之間的關(guān)系，同時(shí)分清有用與無用信息，最終作出正確判斷。 〔4〕主旨大意題：此題用以考查我們對文章主題或中心思想的領(lǐng)會和理解能力。在解答此類試題時(shí)要注意每段的中心句，抓住每一段的主題句。一般主題句都用來表達(dá)一段主旨大意，因此，只要找準(zhǔn)每段的主題句，文章的中心思想和文章的最正確

6、標(biāo)題也就不難確定了。 相信將這些閱讀理解的技巧靈活的運(yùn)用在做題過程中，英語閱讀理解一定會有所提高。 高中英語限時(shí)閱讀理解 100篇 一、閱讀理解 1、〔1分〕5分鐘完成 O. Henry was a pen name used by an American writer of short stories. His real name was William Sydney Porter. He was born in North Carolina in 1862. As a young boy he lived an exciting life. H

7、e did not go to school for very long, but he managed to teach himself everything he needed to know. When he was about 20 years old, O. Henry went to Texas, where he tried different jobs. He first worked on a newspaper, and then had a job in a bank, when some money went missing from the bank O. Henry

8、 was believed to have stolen it. Because of that, he was sent to prison. During the three years in prison, he learned to write short stories. After he got out of prison, he went to New York and continued writing. He wrote mostly about New York and the life of the poor there. People liked his stories

9、, because simple as the tales were, they would finish with a sudden change at the end, to the reader’s surprise. 1. In which order did O. Henry do the following things? a. Lived in New York. b. Worked in a bank. c. Travelled to Texas. d. Was put in prison. e. Had a newspaper Job

10、. f. Learned to write stories. A. e. c. f. b. d. a B. c. e. b. d. f. a C. e. b. d. c. a. f. D. c. b. e. d. a f. 2. People enjoyed reading O. Henry’s stories because A. they had surprise endings B. they were easy to understand C. they showed his love for the poor D. t

11、hey were about New York City 3. O. Henry went to prison because . A. people thought he had stolen money from the newspaper B. he broke the law by not using his own name C. he wanted to write stories about prisoners D. people thought he had taken money that was not his 4. Wh

12、at do we know about O. Henry before he began writing? A. He was well-educated. B. He was not serious about his work. C. He was devoted to the poor. D. He was very good at learning. 5. Where did O. Henry get most material for his short stories? A. His life inside the prison. B. The newsp

13、aper articles he wrote. C. The city and people of New York. D. His exciting early life as a boy. 2、〔1分〕5分鐘完成 One day a few years ago a very funny thing happened to a neighbour of mine. He is a teacher at one of London’s big medical schools, He had finished his teaching for the summer ter

14、m and was at the airport on his way to Russia to give a lecture. He had put a few clothes and his lecture notes in his shoulder bag, but he had put Rupert, the skeleton (人體骨骼) to be used in his lecture, in a large brown suitcase (箱子). At the airport desk, he suddenly thought that he had forgott

15、en to buy a newspaper. He left his suitcase near the desk and went over to the shop. When he got back he discovered that someone had taken his suitcase by mistake. He often wonders what they said when they got home and found Rupert. 1. Who wrote the story? A. Rupert’s teacher. B. The neigh

16、bour’s teacher. C. A medical school teacher. D. The teacher’s neighbour. 2. Why did the teacher put a skeleton in his suitcase? A. He needed it for the summer term in London. B. He needed it for the lecture he was going to give. C. He wanted to take it to Russia for medical research

17、. D. He wanted to take it home as he had finished his teaching. 3. What happened at the airport? A. The skeleton went missing . B. The skeleton was stolen . C. The teacher forgot his suitcase. D. The teacher took the wrong suitcase . 4. Which of the following best tells the teacher’s f

18、eeling about the incident? A. He is very angry . B. He thinks it rather funny . C. He feels helpless without Rupert. D. He feels good without Rupert . 5. Which of the following might have happened afterwards? A. The teacher got back the suitcase but not Rupert. B. The teacher got ba

19、ck neither the suitcase nor Rupert. C. The teacher got back Rupert but not the suitcase. D. The teacher got back both the suitcase and Rupert. 3、〔1分〕5分鐘完成 On the evening of June 21, 1992, a tall man with brown hair and blue eyes entered the beautiful hall of the Bell Tower Hotel in Xi’

20、an with his bicycle. The hotel workers received him and telephoned the manager, for they had never seen a bicycle in the hotel ball before though they lived in “the kingdom of bicycles.〞 Robert Friedlander, an American, arrived in Xi’an on his bicycle trip across Asia which started last Decembe

21、r in New Delhi, India. When he was 11, he read the book Marco Polo and made up his mind to visit the Silk Road. Now, after 44 years , he was on the Silk Road in Xi’an and his early dreams were coming true. Robert Friedlander’s next destinations (目的地) were Lanzhou, Dunhuang, Urumqi, etc. H

22、e will complete his trip in Pakistan. 1. The best headline(標(biāo)題) for this newspaper article would be . A. The Kingdom of Bicycles B. A Beautiful Hotel in Xi’an C. Marco Polo and the Silk Road D. An American Achieving His Aims 2. The hotel workers told the manager about Friedlander co

23、ming to the hotel because . A. he asked to see the manager B. he entered the hall with a bike C. the manager had to know about all foreign guests D. the manager knew about his trip and was expecting him 3. Friedlander is visiting the three countries in the following order, .

24、A. China, India, and Pakistan B. India, China, and Pakistan C. Pakistan, China, and India D. China, Pakistan, and India 4. What made Friedlander want to come to China? A. The stories about Marco Polo . B. The famous sights in Xi’an . C. His interest in Chinese s

25、ilk. D. His childhood dreams about bicycles . 5. Friedlander can be said to be . A. clever B. friendly C. hardworking D. strong—minded 4、〔1分〕5分鐘完成 Mr. Grey was the manager of a small office in London. He lived in the country, and came up to work by train. He liked

26、 walking from the station to his office unless it was raining, because it gave him some exercise. One morning he was walking along the street when a stranger stopped him and said to him, “You may not remember me, sir, but seven years ago I came to London without a penny in my pockets, I stopped

27、 you in this street and asked you to lend me some money, and you lent me ￡ 5, because you said you were willing to take a chance so as to give a man a start on the way to success.〞 Mr Grey thought for a few minutes and then said, “Yes, I remember you. Go on with your story!〞 “Well,〞 answered th

28、e stranger, “are you still willing to take a chance?〞 1. How did Mr. Grey get to his office? A. He went up to work by train B. He walked to his office. C. He went to his office on foot unless it rained. D. He usually took a train to the station and then walked to his office if

29、the weather was fine. 2. Mr Grey liked walking to his office because ________. A. he couldn’t afford the buses B. he wanted to save money C. he wanted to keep in good health D. he could do some exercises on the way 3. Mr. Grey had been willing to lend money to a stranger in order to

30、_______ A. give him a start in life B. help him on the way to success C. make him rich D. gain more money 4. One morning the stranger recognized Mr. Grey, and_______ A. wanted to return Mr. Grey the money B. again asked Mr. Grey for money C. would lik

31、e to make friends with him D. told Mr. Grey that he had been successful since then 5. In the second paragraph, “…take a chance〞 means ______. A. Mr. Gray happened to meet a stranger B. Mr. Grey had a chance to help a stranger C. Mr. Grey helped a stranger by chance D. Mr. Grey t

32、ook the risk that the stranger would not give back the money which he lent him 5、〔1分〕5分鐘完成 Even if you are a good high-jumper, you can jump only about seven feet off the ground. You cannot jump any higher because the earth pulls you hard. The pull of the earth is called gravity. You can

33、easily find out the pull of the earth. If you weigh yourself, you will know how much gravity is pulling you. Since there is gravity, water runs down hill. When you throw a ball into the air, it falls back down. Because of gravity, you do not fall off the earth as it whirls (旋轉(zhuǎn)) around. The

34、n, can we get away from the earth and go far out into space? Now you can do it, because spaceships have been invented. Then spaceship will go so fast that it can escape (逃出) the earth’s gravity and carry you into space. 1. In this passage, the word “gravity〞 means. A. the pull of everything.

35、 B. the force of attraction(吸引) among objects. C. the force which attracts objects towards the centre of the earth D. the force which attracts the earth towards the sun. 2. When you slip(滑) you always fall to the ground because A. the earth always turns round. B. the

36、earth has gravity C. the earth’s gravity is greater than your weight. D. you are careless. 3. Gravity is strong that A. it can throw a ball into the air. B. it makes you jump only seven feet. C. it can let you fly away from the earth. D. it can keep everything on eart

37、h. 4. Because of gravity, A. water flows everything. B. we can go everywhere by ship. C. water always flows downwards. D. fish can live in water. 5. We can get away from the earth by spaceship because A. the spaceship goes very fast. B. the earth can’t pull the spa

38、ceship. C. the spaceship has a strong force. D. the spaceship can jump higher than other things. 6、〔1分〕5分鐘完成 An expensive car speeding down the main street of a small town was soon caught up with by a young motorcycle policeman. As he started to make out the ticket, the woman behind

39、 the wheel said proudly, “Before you go any further, young man, I think you should know that the mayor of this city is a good friend of mine.〞The officer did not say a word, but kept writing. “I am also a friend of chief of police Barens,〞continued the woman, getting more angry each moment, Still he

40、 kept on writing. “Young man,〞she persisted, “I know Judge Lawson and State Senator (參議員) Patton.〞 Handing the ticket to the woman, the officer asked pleasantly , “Tell me, do you know Bill Bronson.〞 “Why, no,〞she answered. “Well, that is the man you should have known,〞he said, heading bac

41、k to his motorcycle, “I an Bill Bronson.〞 1. The policeman stopped the car because_____ A. it was an expensive car B. the driver was a proud lady C. the driver was driving beyond the speed limit D. the driver was going to make trouble for the police 2. The woman was getting more an

42、gry each moment because _____. A. the policeman didn’t know her friends B. the policeman didn’t accept her kindness C. the policeman was going to punish her D. she didn’t know the policeman’s name 3. The policeman was _______. A. an honourable fellow B. a stupid fellow C. an impol

43、ite man D. a shy man 4. The woman was _______. A. kind-hearted B. a person who depended on someone else to finish her work C. trying to frighten the policeman on the strength of her friends’ powerful positions D. introducing her good friends’ names to the young officer 5. Th

44、e policeman _______. A. had no sense of humor (幽默) B. had s sense of humor C. had no sense of duty D. was senseless 7、〔1分〕5分鐘完成 Elizabeth Blackwell was born in England in 1821, and moved to New York City when she was ten years old. One day she decided th

45、at she wanted to become a doctor. That was nearly impossible for a woman in the middle of the nineteenth century. After writing many letters asking for admission(錄取) to medical schools, she was finally accepted by a doctor in Philadelphia. She was so determined that she taught school and gave music

46、lessons to get money for the cost of schooling. In 1849, after graduation from medical school. she decided to further her education in Paris. She wanted to be a surgeon(外科醫(yī)師) , but a serious eye problem forced her to give up the idea. Upon returning to the United States, she found it diffi

47、cult to start her own practice because she was a woman. By 1857 Elizabeth and her sister, also a doctor, along with another woman doctor, managed to open a new hospital, the first for women and children Besides being the first woman physician and founding her own hospital , she also set up the first

48、 medical school for women. 1. Why couldn’t Elizabeth Blackwell realize her dream of becoming a surgeon? A. She couldn’t get admitted to medical school B. She decided to further her education in Paris C. A serious eye problem stopped her D. It was difficult for her to start a practic

49、e in the United States 2. What main obstacle(障礙) almost destroyed Elizabeth’s chances for becoming for a doctor? A. She was a woman. B. She wrote too many letters. C. She couldn’t graduate from medical school. D. She couldn’t set up her hospital. 3. How many years passed between he

50、r graduation from medical school and the opening of her hospital? A. Eight years B. Ten years C. Nineteen years D. Thirty-six years 4. According to the passage, all of the following are “firsts〞 in the life of Elizabeth Blacekwell, except that she ______. A. became th

51、e first woman physician B. was the first woman doctor C. and several other women founded the first hospital for women and children D. set up the first medical school for women 5. Eilzabeth Blackwell spent most of her lift in _______. A. England B. Paris C. the United Stat

52、es D. New York City 8、〔1分〕 In today’s age of fast travel, the world seems a smaller place---- and to some people, a less exciting place, Fifty years ago only a few English people and holidays abroad, People who didn’t travel thought of other countries as very far away and different. For

53、 example, people thought the French all eat garlic(大蒜), the Italians all eat spaghetti(細(xì)條實(shí)心面). and the Americans all drink Coca Cola, These definite(明確的) ideas of other nationalities are called stereotypes(陳規(guī)老套) . But do we have the same stereotypes today? People travel more, we all watch the same T

54、V programmes, and ideas travel quickly too. Nowadays everyone eats garlic and spaghetti and drinks Coca Cola. Everyone listens to the same music. wears the same fashions(流行式樣) , buys the same cars. They just do it in a different language! 1. Now the world seems to be exciting. A. bigger an

55、d more B. smaller and more C. smaller and less D. bigger and less 2. Fifty years ago, English people travelled abroad. A. many B. few C. only some D. a few 3. People thought of other countries as . A. near and different

56、 B. near and the same C. remote and very different D. remote and the same 4. Nowadays, people’s ideas of other nationalities . A. have changed B. are the same C. are different D. are almost the same 5. We don’t have the same stereotypes because people _______.

57、 A. travel more B. watch the same TV programmes C. watch different TV programmes D. travel more and watch the same TV programmes 6. The best title for this passage would be . A. A Big World B. A Small World C. An Exacting World

58、 D. An Interesting World 9、〔1分〕 We are used to the idea of aging in ourselves. We are so used to this that it comes as a surprise to find that there may be some animals that do not age. Sea anemones(海葵) are an example. Some have been kept for nearly a century without showing any sign

59、s of lifelessness. Some kinds of sea worms can even “grow backwards.〞 If kept in the dark and given nothing to eat, they get steadily smaller, They finally end as a ball of cells(細(xì)胞) looking rather like the egg from which they came. Under good conditions the ball will turn back to a worm and start g

60、rowing again. One could probably keep them growing and un-growing again and again. 1. Some sea worms grow smaller when they ______. A. lose weight B. live in the darkness C. are under good conditions D. don’t eat and are kept in the dark 2. According to the passage,

61、some sea animals ________. A. will die when they become a ball of cells B. do not grow old C. will die without food D. will stop growing any time they want 3. According to the passage, which of the following statements in NOT true? A. We can keep certain kind

62、of sea worm growing and ungrowing again and again. B. Human beings will grow old and die. C. An anemone is a king of sea worm that can grow backwards. D. Some anemones will live nearly a hundred years. 4. The underlined word aging in the first sentence means ______. A. growing old

63、 B. the age of a person C.getting younger D. un -growing 5. This passage is mainly about ______. A. sea animals B. cells C. aging D. anemones 10、〔1分〕 Now I’d like to talk to you about your final exam. The exam will be held next Thursday, the last day

64、of the exam week. Remember to bring two of three pens in case you run out of ink. And unlike the midterm exam, this test will not include multiple --- choice questions; it will consist entirely of essays(文章). You’ll have to answer three of the five essay questions. The exam will be comprehensive (全面

65、的), which means you’ll be responsible for all of the subject matters we covered in class this term, I would suggest you review your midterm exam as well as textbooks and your class notes. The final exam will count as 50 percent of your grade of the course. The research project (工程) will count as 20

66、percent and the midterm exam 30 percent. I’ll be in my office almost all day next Tuesday. If you run into any problems, please drop in. Good luck to you and I’ll see you on Tuesday. 1. When will the final exam take place? A. On Tuesday B. On a Wednesday C. On a Thursday D. On a Friday 2. What will be included in the exam? A. There will be only multiple-choice questions. B. The exam will contain both multiple-choice and essay questions. C. The exam will have an ora