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1、 2019中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解：理解信息題(說(shuō)明文、議論文)1延慶一模B篇(易)（學(xué)習(xí)）Read how Sofia writes a composition.1.The weekend before she has to give it to the teacher, she sits on her own in the kitchen. First, she looks at the title and thinks a lot.2.Then she writes a few ideas onto a piece of paper, in no particular order. She lo

2、oks up a couple of words in the dictionary and writes those down.3.Then she has a sandwich and goes to watch TV.4.The next day she looks at what she wrote. She adds some more ideas. Then she decides how to order her ideas. She starts to write.5.There are some words shes not sure about so she looks t

3、hem up in her dictionary.6.When she has finished writing, she reads carefully through her composition. She crosses some things out and changes one or two sentences.7.Then she looks back at her notes from other written work. She makes sure she hasnt made any of the same mistakes.8.Finally, she writes

4、 out her composition onto a clean piece of paper and puts it in her bag.53. From the passage we can know Sofia is a .A. driver B. doctor C. student D. parent答案: C答題依據(jù)：第一幅圖及最后一幅圖的文字說(shuō)明。The weekend before she has to give it to the teacher及Finally, she writes out her composition onto a clean piece of pa

5、per and puts it in her bag.2門(mén)頭溝一模B篇(易) (學(xué)生問(wèn)題)It is reported that many middle school students are just not getting enough sleep, especially during the school week. The problems seem to get worse as they get older. Year 7 students sleep 8.4 hours on a school night, and year 9 students only 6.9 hours.I

6、t is also reported that not getting enough sleep can cause problems in a students life. Many students fall asleep in school or while doing their homework, so it is not surprising that they get lower grades than those who get enough sleep. Scientists suggest nine hours a night for middle school stude

7、nts. Of the students who feel unhappy and nervous, 73% dont get enough sleep at night. Why arent students getting enough sleep? Many students have one of the following things, like telephone, television, or computer, in their bedrooms, using them on a school night not only takes their time away from

8、 homework, but also makes it difficult for them to fall asleep. As a result, many students cant fall asleep before 11p.m., yet they must get up early to go to school. Scientists also suggest students should not do exciting activities for an hour before bedtime.51. According to the report, who might

9、get the most sleep? A. Year 7 students. B. Year 8 students. C. Year 9 students. D. Year 10 students.答案: A答題依據(jù):第一段The problems seem to get worse as they get older. Year 7 students sleep 8.4 hours on a school night, and year 9 students only 6.9 hours.3.懷柔二模B篇(易) (氣候與環(huán)境) The earth has warmed by about h

10、alf a degree (0.5) over the last 100 years. It could be getting warmer on its own, but many scientists think that people are making the Earth warmer by making a greenhouse effect (溫室效應(yīng)). The greenhouse effect is important. Without it, the Earth would not be warm enough for us to live on. But just a

11、little warmer than it is now could cause problems for humans, plants and animals. Many of things we do every day can change the Earths temperature by sending greenhouse gases into the air .We send greenhouse gases into the air when we watch TV ,turn on lights, dry hair, play video games, wash or dry

12、 our clothes or drive cars. The rubbish from factories and homes also produces greenhouse gases. Even a small change in temperature can affect our weather .This can cause changes in the sea levels, the air, flooding, and our fresh water. The change in the temperature can also cause changes in the li

13、ving places for animals and plants, endangering many animals. Global warming (全球變暖)is a big problem, and every little bit we do can help. We can save electricity. We can save energy in other ways such as by taking buses or walking rather than driving cars. We can recycle to reduce the rubbish and sa

14、ve natural resources such as trees, oil and metals. We can buy products that dont do bad to the environment and we can turn to solar energy. Remember the little bit that you do will bring a better world. 52. Without the greenhouse effect, we would _.A. not be able to live B. be saferC. have a cleane

15、r earth D. have a better world答案: A答題依據(jù):第一段The greenhouse effect is important. Without it, the Earth would not be warm enough for us to live on.4.通州一模B篇(中) (社會(huì)關(guān)系)When I was a boy growing up in New Jersey in the 1960s, we had a milkman delivering milk to our doorstep. His name was Mr. Basille. He wor

16、e a white cap and drove a white truck. Of course, he delivered (分發(fā)) more than milk. There was cheese, eggs and so on. If we needed to change our order, my mother would write a note “Please add a bottle of buttermilk next delivery”. Then she put the note and the empty bottles into the milk box. The n

17、ext day, the buttermilk would magically appear. There was also a close relationship between families and their milkmen. Mr. Basille even had a key to our house, for those times when it was so cold outside that we put the box in the house, so that the milk wouldnt freeze. And I remember Mr. Basille f

18、rom time to time taking a break at our kitchen table, having a cup of tea and telling stories about his delivery.I am sad that there is no home milk delivery today. Big companies produce cheaper milk, and milk is for sale everywhere. People may not need the milkman anymore.Recently, I saw an old mil

19、k box in the countryside and it brought back my childhood memories. I took it home and put it outside the door. My sons friends always ask what it is. So I start telling stories of my boyhood, and of the milkman who brought us friendship with his milk.52. The writer brought back home an old milk box

20、 because he _.A. missed the good old days B. wanted to tell funny storiesC. needed it for his milk bottle D. wanted to give it to the milkman答案: A答題依據(jù): 最后一段I saw an old milk box in the countryside and it brought back my childhood memories. I took it home and put it outside the door.5.豐臺(tái)一模B篇(中) (自然與環(huán)

21、境)It is said that another acre of the worlds forest will be destroyed forever. Why is this happening? There are two reasons land and wood. In many countries the trees have been cut down because the land was needed for animals or crops. In other parts of the world the trees are cut down because their

22、 wood is wanted. This wood is used by local people for firewood or it is used for building. But many people dont know that in most places the trees wont be replaced. The soil in the forests is very thin, but it is protected by the trees. When the trees are cut down, the soil is washed away by the ra

23、in or blown away by the wind. Soon nothing can be grown on it. The forest becomes a desert. Then more land will be needed, and more trees will be cut down.When the forest is destroyed, it isnt only the trees that are lost the homes of millions of animals and plants are destroyed, too. All kinds of a

24、nimals are in danger fish，reptiles, birds, mammals, insects, and shellfish as well as thousands of plants.Who is to blame for this? The answer is simple: all of us. There are just too many people in the world. The worlds population is now six billion. Of course, its very easy to blame the local peop

25、le. We dont cut down trees. They do. But the products are bought by people like you and me wood houses, beds, tables, chairs, paper Why are the forests being destroyed? Just look around. You are probably using it right now. 51. People cut down large areas of trees in order to _.A. grow crops B. keep

26、 animals C. build houses D. get land and wood答案: D答題依據(jù):第一句 It is said that another acre of the worlds forest will be destroyed forever. Why is this happening? There are two reasons land and wood.6.東城二模C篇（中）（個(gè)人興趣） Last week I visited my friend Pete in the new home where he lives with his wife and dau

27、ghter. Pete used to spend his holidays travelling the world, visiting the Louvre in Pairs or watching animals in Africa. Nowadays he prefers to spend his holidays and weekends making his house look more beautiful. Like hundreds of thousands of other British people, he has discovered the joy of DIY (

28、Do It Yourself), which means if there are any things that need fixing around the house, he will try to do the job himself. As he showed me the new kitchen he put together by himself and the newly painted walls, I asked Pete where he got the idea from. He told me that his favourite source of ideas wa

29、s a DIY programme on TV. This got me thinking about the popularity of DIY programs in the UK. Nearly every channel has at least one home or garden makeover show and theres even a DIY satellite channel.I guess it is not really surprising that DIY programmes are so popular. Two common sayings in Brita

30、in “an Englishmans home is his castle” and “theres no place like home” show how important our houses are to us. With the recent economic downturn, many people cant afford to buy a bigger house so they are looking at how they can make their house better without spending a lot of money. DIY is the per

31、fect choice. But be careful! I read a report that said over 230,000 people were hurt while doing home improvements in the UK in just one year, including 41,000 who fell off steps and 5,800 who were seriously hurt by tools. I wont be going down to the hardware（五金）store. Id rather watch DIY on TV with

32、 a nice cup of tea! 55People in the UK _. A. care little about their homesB. take DIY as an enjoyable jobC. like watching all TV programmes D. have enough money to spend on houses答案：B答題依據(jù)：由第一段Like hundreds of thousands of other British people, he has discovered the joy of DIY (Do It Yourself), which

33、 means if there are any things that need fixing around the house, he will try to do the job himself.通過(guò)理解關(guān)鍵詞和句意可知正確答案。7海淀二模B篇(中) (人與動(dòng)物)Picky, PickyScientists have no idea exactly why birds choose certain objects to build their nests. But scientists know that the main reason birds build nests is to ke

34、ep their babies safe, warm and healthy. Orioles Nest Baby birds grow faster and are healthier when they are warm. They also learn to fly and leave the nests sooner than birds without warm homes.What A Yarn (紗)Yarn is big on an orioles shopping list during nest building. Scientists are still trying t

35、o work out why so many birds choose white yarn over other colors for nest building. Scientists think that the white objects remind birds of cotton fluff (絨毛) they find in the wild. Do It Naturally Even though birds can help us recycle some of our junk by using it to build nests, they also need to us

36、e lots of natural things. Long grass, dried sticks, spiders silk and mud are some of the natural ingredients that are good for nests, too. You can make a collection box of things to leave for birds so they can help themselves. Hang a small plastic box with holes on a tree branch. Fill the box freely

37、 with nest building goodies. Hang the box on a tree and watch birds climb on board to pick through the junk to find their treasures. Warning: Dont let the birds turn into a tasty treat. Keep your bird station away from places where cats hang out. For The Birds!Stop! Dont throw all that garbage out!

38、Give some to the birds. Look and see how your old junk can help beautify and warm a birds new home. 52. What can people make for birds to build nests?A. Holes on the tree. B. Food out of the rubbish.C. A warning board. D. A collection box of things.答案: D答題依據(jù): Do it naturally中Long grass, dried sticks

39、, spiders silk and mud are some of the natural ingredients that are good for nests, too. You can make a collection box of things to leave for birds so they can help themselves.8海淀一模C篇(中) (社會(huì))The leaves fluttered （飄揚(yáng)）over Johns head. He liked to watch the colors of the trees shine through the sunligh

40、t. It was the same color as his trumpet. John smiled when he thought of the music the leaves made. He looked at his watch; his father would meet him in a few minutes for their first practice in the park.John and his family lived in an apartment building. He began playing his trumpet in his own livin

41、g room two weeks ago. Then the family next door had a new baby. To keep from waking up the baby, John was going to spend his practice time in the park. Although he enjoyed visiting the park, he didnt want to practice his music there.John was afraid that he would embarrass himself if he played the wr

42、ong notes. And he imagined his cheeks looking like a red, blown-up balloon. He didnt want people to watch him as he practiced his music. Unluckily, his father couldnt possibly understand how embarrassing it would be!“John, are you ready?” pulling him out of his daydream, his father sat down and bega

43、n to play his trumpet. John looked up at a golden tree. The leaves seemed to be dancing with the tune. He felt excited as he watched the people walking by and smiling at his father. He wanted to play like that! Immediately, John placed his trumpet to the mouth and blew. Soon, John was having such a

44、great time playing with his father that he didnt care if he had played a few bad notes. The golden tree was dancing while John was still playing. Now he and his neighbors could both be happy. 52. John didnt want to practice his music outside because _.A. his next door neighbor had a new baby B. his

45、father didnt play together with himC. he didnt enjoy going to the public park D. he was afraid to play some wrong notes答案: D答題依據(jù): 第二段:Although he enjoyed visiting the park, he didnt want to practice his music there. 及第三段John was afraid that he would embarrass himself if he played the wrong notes.9.

46、海淀一模C篇（中）（使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)） Recent research from the Pew Internet Project suggests that 90% of Americans aged from 12 to 17 use the Internet, and 51% of those teens use social networks. However, there are many possible problems with social networking sites and the teenagers who use them. Apart from the social

47、advantages, social networking sites can be used to record school research, develop artistic talents and experiment with other forms of subject creation. They provide a way to communicate with others who share the same interests and to get helpful advice on ongoing projects. Along with these advantag

48、es come some dangers. For example, most social networking sites are open to all, especially MySpace, which is the most popular social network among teens in America. It means that they could be put in unpleasant and frightening situations. A greater danger is that teens may become objects of the peo

49、ple with secret purposes. The secrecy of some social networking sites makes it easy for dangerous people to find young teens and invite them into dangerous conversations. Its easy for them to pretend as teens and draw children into dangerous real-world communication as well. Then further hurt might

50、be on its way. Another danger is identity stealing, which can happen when teens share too much information about their names, dates of birth and locations. Therefore, its very important to make sure teens are safe when they use social networks. Many of the same rules that work for online chat work f

51、or these sites: Dont use your real name. Dont give out personal information to people you dont know. A last name and a town are enough for a bad guy to find where you are. Dont believe that people are who they say to be. Immediately end any communication that makes you uncomfortable and report it to

52、 a parent. Only if you are sure of your safety, can you enjoy the fun brought by social networking. Besides, trying to deal with all problems on your own can lead to terrible results. Remember, asking your parents or school officials for help doesnt mean you are unable to do anything but wiser than

53、many others. 56. The writer takes MySpace as an example to show that _. A. students could be put into unreal situations on the Internet B. teenagers are facing unknown dangers on the social networks C. Internet provides more social websites to American teenagers D. social networks are very popular a

54、mong teenagers in America答案：B答題依據(jù)：由第三段 most social networking sites are open to all, especially MySpace, which is the most popular social network among teens in America. It means that they could be put in unpleasant and frightening situations.可得出正確答案。10石景山一模C篇(難) (醫(yī)療與健康)The rising costs of health ca

55、re have become a problem for many countries in the world. To deal with this problem, it is reported that a big part of the governments health budge（預(yù)算）has been used for health education and disease prevention instead of treatment. Actually, many kinds of diseases are preventable in many ways and pre

56、venting a disease is usually much cheaper than treating it. For example, people could avoid catching a cold if they dressed warmly when the weather starts getting cold. But many people get sick because they fail to do so, and have to spend money seeing a doctor.Daily habits like eating more healthy

57、food would have kept millions of families from becoming bankrupt（破產(chǎn)）if the patients had taken ways for early prevention. For example, keeping a balanced diet（均衡飲食）, such as not consuming too much animal fat and trying to have enough vegetables and fruits, seems to be quite important.One very effecti

58、ve and costless way of prevention is regular（定期的）exercise, which is necessary for a healthy mind and body. Regular exercise, such as running, walking, and playing sports is a good way to make people feel better.In addition, health education plays a key role in improving peoples health. By giving peo

59、ple more information about health, countries could help people understand the importance of disease prevention and ways to achieve it. For example, knowing ones family medical history is an effective way to help keep healthy. Information about health problems among close relatives will make them awa

60、re of what they should do to prevent certain diseases through lifestyle changes, which will work before it is too late. However, paying more attention to disease prevention does not mean medical treatment is unimportant. After all, prevention and treatment are just two different means toward the sam

61、e effect. In conclusion, we could save money on health care and treat patients more successfully if our country spends more money on health prevention and education.56. We can learn from the passage that _.A. more health education should be given B. dressing warmly can prevent diseasesC. a balanced

62、diet is cheaper than regular exerciseD. the governments health budget should be increased答案: A答題依據(jù):最后一句“in conclusion“總而言之，便是全文小結(jié)，we could save money on health care and treat patients more successfully if our country spends more money on health prevention and education.所表達(dá)的意思便是A11. 西城二模C篇 （難）（人與動(dòng)物）

63、Brendans best friend is Tip. They teach each other things and they look after each other. Tip has helped Brendan become more responsible and more caring. Brendan is a nine-year-old boy, and Tip is a ten-year-old dog. Brendan and Tip are an example of how owning a dog can have a good effect on a childs development. Having a dog helps a child learn how to act responsibly. As a dog