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1、GOOD MORNING,FU FULIANG Oct.23,2009,Subjunctive Mood (1) 虛擬語氣,0. 英語動詞有四種語氣: 陳述語氣, 祈使語氣,疑問語氣和虛擬語氣。 0.虛擬語氣是一種表示愿望,建議, 假設的語氣，用來表示說的話不是事實, 或者是不可能發(fā)生的情況。,1. If I had enough money, I would travel around the world. 2. If I were you, I would give AIDS patient a hug.,與現(xiàn)在事實相反,一. 虛擬語氣在條件狀語從句中的用法。,3. If I had ta

2、ken your advice, I wouldnt have made a mistake. 4. If he had been there, it wouldnt have happened.,與過去事實相反,一. 虛擬語氣在條件狀語從句中的用法。,5. If it should rain tomorrow, they wouldnt go for an outing. 6. If we were to have three days off, we would enjoy a very happy life.,與將來事實相反,一. 虛擬語氣在條件狀語從句中的用法。,一. 虛擬語氣在條件狀

3、語從句中的用法。,V. + ed (were),would/could/should/might +V (原),had done,would/could/should/might+have+p.p.,1.V.+ ed. 2. should+ V.(原) 3. were to do,would/could/should/might +V. (原),特殊情況： 1. If he had taken the doctors advice yesterday, he would feel better now. If you went there now, you would get there on

4、 time. 2. Had she less money, she would not buy the new skirt. Were I in school again, I would study harder. Had you been there earlier, you would have seen him.,錯綜時間條件句,if的省略,3. 在正式英語文體中, if 從句中的第一個動詞如果是should, were 或 had, 可將此動詞置于句首, 替代 if例如：,Were it necessary (= If it were necessary), I might resi

5、gn 如果需要的話，我可以辭職。 Had you informed me earlier (= If you had informed me earlier), I wouldnt have signed the contract. 要是你早點告訴我的話，我是不會簽那份合同的。,Were it all true, it would still not excuse their actions. Had the captain been more careful, his ship would not have sunk. Should any visitors come, I would sa

6、y you are not here.,特殊情況： 3. Without air, there would be no life. But for your help, I would have failed again. Otherwise I would not tell you about that.,含蓄條件句,Exercise: 1.If Qi Baishi (be) alive, he (be) amazed at how artists paint today. 2We didnt know her address. If we (know) it, now we (send)

7、her a big bunch of flowers. 3.We (go) with you if we (have) time next week. 4.I wasnt there. Otherwise I (trap) in the fire, too.,were would be,had known,would send,would go,had,would have been trapped,Exercise: 1.(湖南09）You didnt let me drive. If we in turn. You so tired. drove; didnt get B. drove;

8、wouldnt get C. were driving; wouldnt get D. had driven; wouldnt have got 2.(全國07 ） He had not have his leg hurt, john would have won. A. If B. Since C. Though D. When,A,D,3.(08浙江）I such a foolish mistake if I had been a little more careful. wouldnt make B.wouldnt have made C.hadnt made D. didnt make

9、 4. -(08江西) Did you get a ticket then? - Yes. Otherwise I the concert last night. A.didnt attend B. wouldnt attend C. hadnt attend D. wouldnt have attended,B,D,1.(09湖北）. _difficulties, we would be successful A. Should we overcome B. Would we overcome C. Might we overcome D. Could we overcome 2. If I

10、 had known that he at home yesterday, I would not have called him up. A.was not B. were not C. had not been D. had not stayed 3.(07山東） They two free tickets to Canada, otherwise they would never have been able to afford to go. A.had got B. got C. Have got D. get,特別注意：,A,A,B,二. 虛擬語氣在名詞性從句中的用法。,He ins

11、isted that he (should) be present. The king ordered that the prisoners be killed the next day. We suggested that Tom have a rest. They requested that we (should) send them to work there.,1.在表“建議”“命令”“計劃”“要求”等含義的動詞后的賓語從句中要使用虛擬語氣，結(jié)構(gòu)是should + 動詞原形, 其中should可省略。,一個堅持, 兩個命令, 三個建議, 四個要求。即 1). insist 2). o

12、rder, command 3). advise, suggest, propose 4). demand, require, request, desire DROP CAPS,Exercise: 1. I suggest that we (hold) a meeting next week. 2.He insisted that he (send) there. 3. I propose that he (go) to the meeting instead of me. 4.She asked that he (accept) the position.,(should) hold,(s

13、hould) be sent,(should) go,(should) accept,1. His pale face suggested that he _ (be) ill, so I suggested he （see） a doctor. 2. He insisted that she _ (be)seriously ill and that _ (send) to hospital at once.,was,be sent,特別注意: 如果1.suggest, 不表示“建議” ，而表示“暗示、表明”、2. insist不表示“堅持要某人做某事時”, 而表示“堅持認為某事已發(fā)生”時,賓

14、語從句用陳述語氣。,was,should see,二. 虛擬語氣在名詞性從句中的用法。,2. 以上表“建議”“命令”“計劃”“要求”等含義的動詞相應的名詞構(gòu)成的名詞性從句 主語從句, 表語從句 同位語從句 也要使用虛擬語氣,結(jié)構(gòu)也是should+V-ed。,I suggested that you should go to Dalian for holiday.,My suggestion is that you should go to Dalian for holiday.,Do you agree to my suggestion that you should go to Dalian

15、 for holiday.,It is suggested that you should go to Dalian for holiday.,Exercise: 1. All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory _(close down). 2. My demand is that she _(come) to see me once a week. My idea is that we (get) more people to attend the conference. He gave an order that the

16、work (do) at once. 5. Its requested that all the students (wear) school uniforms at school.,be closed down,(should) come,(should) get,(should) be done,(should) wear,二. 虛擬語氣在名詞性從句中的用法。,3. Its important necessary natural strange a pity a shame no wonder+ that-clause,主語從句中要用虛擬語氣, 結(jié)構(gòu)也是(should)+動詞原形,It i

17、s a great pity that he should be so careless. Its no wonder that she like Jay Chou.,Examples: It is important that we should master a foreign language. It is strange that she refuse to come to the party. Its necessary that we should study hard.,4在“It is (about/high) timethat從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中，that從句用虛擬語氣, 結(jié)構(gòu)是sh

18、ould+動詞原形或一般過去時。 Examples: It is high time he went /should go to bed. It is about time that we a rest.,二. 虛擬語氣在名詞性從句中的用法。,had/,should have,5. wish 的賓語從句,現(xiàn)在: 過去時（be用were） 過去: 過去完成時 未來: would/could/might +V.,. I wish I were a bird. (現(xiàn)在) . I wish I hadnt made such a mistake. (過去) . We wish our parents

19、wouldnt punish us. (將來),二. 虛擬語氣在名詞性從句中的用法。,Exercise: 1.有些同學希望跑得和劉翔一樣快。 Some students wish they as fast as Liu. 2.他希望他沒講那樣的話。 He wishes he that. 3.杜甫：安得廣廈千萬間 。 Du Fu wished that there (be) hundreds and thousands of houses (for the people) .,could run,hadnt said,would be,would rather that,現(xiàn)在: 過去: 未來:,

20、I would rather you paid me now. I would rather you had gone, too. Dont come now. I would rather you came tomorrow.,過去時,過去時,過去完成時,6. would rather 的賓語從句,二. 虛擬語氣在名詞性從句中的用法。,Exercise: 1.I would rather_ . 我寧愿雨季不再來。 2.The manager would rather that his secretary_. 經(jīng)理寧愿他的秘書下周代替他去開會。 3.Jay Chou would rather

21、.周杰倫寧愿你送他千里之外以便他能一生等待。,rain season would not come again.,would attend the meeting intead of him.,you sent him a thousand miles away and he could wait all his life.,Consolidation Exercise,1.Its high time that Dalai Lama playing politics. A.quit B. to be quit C. quited D. quiting 2.- Mary wants to see

22、 you tonight - Id rather she tomorrow. comes B. came C. will come D. should come,A,B,近幾次周五考試及月考中的關于虛擬語氣的題目,3.-Why didnt you pick up the MP4? -I it , but I didnt carry that much money. A. could buy B. should buy C. must have bought D. could have bought 4.The doctor suggested that you swim after eatin

23、g a large meal. wouldt B. couldnt C. shouldnt D.neednt,D,C,I. 單項選擇,1. （07 河北） There was a traffic jam; otherwise I _ here on time. A. would be B. had been C. should be D. would have been 2.（07 湖南）_ to do the work, I should do it some other day. A. If were I B. I were C. Were I D. Was I 3. (07江蘇）“ Ha

24、ve you visited the Science Museum?” “ No, but I really wish I _.” A.had B. did C. have D. will,4.He didnt regret saying what he said, but he felt that he it differently. A. could express B. would express C. could have expressed D. must have expressed 5.The teacher agreed to the suggestion that the s

25、tudents _ two weeks to prepare for the exam. A. give B. should give C. be given D. would be given,6. (09福建) But for the help of my English teacher, I the first prize . A. would not win B. would not have won C. would win D. would have won 7. Its high time that something _to stop selling false goods.

26、A.must be done B. was done C. be done D. were done,8. The advice that every child _ well looked after has been considered. A. are B. is C. be D. must be 9. All the students demand they _ time and freedom of their own. A. had B. must have C. have D. ought to have,II. 根據(jù)括號內(nèi)的提示將下列句子補充 完整。 1. Had Mark b

27、een in charge, it _ (就不會發(fā)生了). 2. If I should be free tomorrow, I _ (會和你一起去). 3. If you had listened to the doctor, you _ (現(xiàn)在一切都好了).,would be all right now,would go with you,wouldnt have happened,III. 用括號內(nèi)所給詞的適當形式填空。 1. If I _ (know) more about giving first aid, I _ (help) them when the accident happ

28、ened. 2. If I _ (be) a man, I _ (run) for president.,had known,could have helped,were,would run,1.The picture exhibition bored me to death. I wish I didnt go to it. 2.I would go there now but I were busy. 3.How nice it would be if I have a sister like you,but I havnt. 4.Without your help, we will no

29、t have made such rapid progress. 5.If you were to do it, the result would have been different.,.找出下列句子的錯誤并改正。,(-),-,-,-,(-),hadnt gone,am,had,would,would be,如果上天(God)能夠給我一個再來一次的機會（another chance），我會對那個女孩子說：我愛你。如果非要(have to)在這份愛上加上一個期限（ set a time limit to love ），我希望是一萬年,1,2,3,4,Summary：,一. 虛擬語氣在條件狀語

30、從句中的用法。,V. + ed (were),would/could/should/might +V (原),had done,would/could/should/might+have+p.p.,1.V.+ ed. 2. should+ V.(原) 3. were to do,would/could/should/might +V. (原),特殊情況： 1. If he had taken the doctors advice yesterday, he would feel better now. If you went there now, you would get there on

31、time. 2. Had she less money, she would not buy the new skirt. Were I in school again, I would study harder. Had you been there earlier, you would have seen him.,錯綜時間條件句,if的省略,特殊情況： 3. Without air, there would be no lives. But for your help, I would have failed again. Otherwise I would not tell you a

32、bout that.,含蓄條件句,二. 虛擬語氣在名詞性從句中的用法。,1.在表“建議”“命令”“計劃”“要求”等含義的動詞后的賓語從句中要使用虛擬語氣，結(jié)構(gòu)是should + 動詞原形, 其中should可省略。 DROP CAPS,二. 虛擬語氣在名詞性從句中的用法。,2. 以上表“建議”“命令”“計劃”“要求”等含義的動詞相應的名詞構(gòu)成的名詞性從句 主語從句, 表語從句 同位語從句 也要使用虛擬語氣。,二. 虛擬語氣在名詞性從句中的用法。,3. Its important necessary natural strange a pity a shame no wonder+ that-c

33、lause,主語從句中要用虛擬語氣, 即(should)+動詞原形,4在“It is (about/high) timethat從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中，that從句用虛擬語氣, 結(jié)構(gòu)是should+動詞原形或一般過去時。 Examples: It is high time he went /should go to bed. It is about time that we a rest.,二. 虛擬語氣在名詞性從句中的用法。,had/,should have,5. wish 的賓語從句,現(xiàn)在: 過去時（be用were） 過去: 過去完成時 未來: would/could/might +V.,. I w

34、ish I were a bird. (現(xiàn)在) . I wish I hadnt made such a mistake. (過去) . We wish our parents wouldnt punish us. (將來),二. 虛擬語氣在名詞性從句中的用法。,would rather that,現(xiàn)在: 過去: 未來:,I would rather you paid me now. I would rather you had gone, too. Dont come. I would rather you came tomorrow.,過去時,過去時,過去完成時,6. would rather 的賓語從句,二. 虛擬語氣在名詞性從句中的用法。,HOMEWORK 一，翻譯。 1.騙你小狗。 2.曹操寧愿天下人負他。 3.周杰倫寧愿聽媽媽的話，也不聽我的話。 4.如果大海能夠帶走我的哀愁，就讓它隨風飄遠。 5. 昨晚你如果早點睡，今天你就不會那么困了。 6.教育部要求中小學生每天鍛煉一小時。 7.如果留在島上的人不樂觀，意志不堅定，那么他們 都會喪命。 二，查找資料關于虛擬語氣在其它從句中的用法。,虛擬語氣其他句型的用法,Subjunctive Mood (2) 虛擬語氣,虛擬語氣在狀語從句中的用法,Thank you all！ Bye Bye!,