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第十一講　八年級(下)　Units 5—6 ,中考基礎知識梳理 類別 課標考點要求 詞 匯 攻 關 1.heavy→(副詞)__heavily__ →(反義詞)__light__ 2．sudden→(副詞)__suddenly__ 3．strange→(名詞)陌生人__stranger__ 4．wood→(形容詞)__wooden__ 5．fall→(形容詞)落下的__fallen__ →(過去式)__fell__ →(過去分詞)__fallen__ 6.ice→(形容詞)__icy__ 7．silence→(形容詞)__silent__ →(形容詞的近義詞)__quiet__ →(反義詞)__noise__ →(形容詞的反義詞)__noisy__ 8．west→(形容詞)__western__ 9．wife→(對應詞)__husband__ 10．shine→(合成詞)陽光__sunshine__ 短 語 歸 納 1.(鬧鐘)發(fā)出響聲__go__off__ 2．進入夢鄉(xiāng)，睡著__fall__asleep__ 3．逐漸變?nèi)?，逐漸消失__die__down__ 4．看一看__have__a__look__ 5．前往，費力地前進__make__ones__way__ 6．沉默，無聲__in__silence__ 7．拆除；往下拽；記錄__take__down__ 8．首先，最初__at__first__ 9.有點兒，稍微__a__little__bit__ 10．代替，反而__instead__of__ 11．變成__turn…into__ 12．從前__once__upon__a__time__ 13．愛上，喜歡上__fall__in__love__ 14．結(jié)婚__get__married__ 15．接電話__pick__up(the__phone)__ 句 型 再 現(xiàn) 1.暴風雨來臨時你正在干什么？ __What__were__you__doing__when the rainstorm came? 2．下暴雨時這個女孩在干什么？ What was the girl doing __at__the__time__of__ the rainstorm? 3．外面沒有光亮，感覺就像半夜一樣。 __With__no__light__outside__，it felt like midnight. 4．本的爸爸正在拿幾塊木板蓋住窗戶，同時他媽媽在確認手電筒和收音機都能正常使用。 Bens dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom __was__making__sure__the flashlights and radio were working. 5．他和家人來到外面，發(fā)現(xiàn)社區(qū)一片狼藉。 He went outside with his family and __found__the__neighborhood__in__a__mess__． 6．她記得當時(自己)正在距離兩座塔樓不遠的辦公室里工作。 She __remembers__working__in her office near the two towers. 7．我如此害怕，以至于從那以后我?guī)缀醪荒芮逦厮伎肌? I was __so__scared__that I could hardly __think__clearly after that. 8.但是不把山移開，愚公還能做什么呢？ But what could Yu Gong do __instead__of__moving__ the mountains? 9．但是如果他不能把尾巴藏起來，他就不能把自己變成人。 But __unless__ he can hide his tail，he cannot __turn__himself__into__ a man. 10．有一年天氣太干旱，以至于糧食顆粒不長。 One year，the weather was __so__dry__that__ no food would grow. 11．妻子告訴丈夫，除非他把孩子們留在森林里死掉，否則全家人都將會死掉。 The wife told her husband that unless he __left__the__children__to__die__ in the forest，the whole family would die. 12．你們一醒來就必須和爸爸去森林里。 __As__soon__as__you__wake__up__，you must go to the forest with your father. 語法 結(jié)構 1.過去進行時。 2．狀語從句。 話 題 1.Unforgettable events(難忘的事情) 2．Legends and stories(傳說和故事) 3．Facts about the world(有關世界的事實) ,懷化五年中考真題演練 ◆過去進行時 ( B )(2015懷化中考)The girl ________ down the street when the UFO landed. A．is walking　　B．was walking C．has played ,懷化中考重難點突破 　辨析asleep，sleeping，sleepy與sleep 【滿分點撥】 辨析sleep，asleep，sleepy與sleeping sleep 動詞或 名詞 睡覺 go to sleep睡覺；入睡 Last night I slept very well.我昨天晚上睡得很好。 I have a good sleep.我好好睡了一覺。 sleeping 形容詞 正在睡覺的，常置于名詞前作定語 Please take a sleeping bag with you.請隨身攜帶一個睡袋。 sleepy 形容詞 困倦的，瞌睡的，常用作表語 She is always sleepy.她總是想睡覺。 I feel very sleepy now.我現(xiàn)在昏昏欲睡。 asleep 表語形 容詞 睡熟的，睡著的，一般只作表語， fall/be asleep睡著了 The children have been asleep.孩子們已睡著了。 He was too tired and fell asleep at once.他太累了，立刻就睡著了。 【考點搶測】 sleep　sleeping　asleep　sleepy 1．Dont make a noise，Grandpa is __sleeping__． 2．I didnt sleep well last night，so Im feeling __sleepy__． 3．Keep quiet，dont wake up the __sleeping__ baby. 4．I was too excited to go to __sleep__． 5．The moment he lay down，he fell __asleep__． 　pick up接電話；揀起 【滿分點撥】 pick up的用法 (1)pick up意為“接電話；揀起”，還有“(用車)接人”的意思。 (2)pick up是“動詞＋副詞”型短語，代詞作賓語時必須放中間。若名詞作賓語，既可以放在二者之間，也可以放在動詞短語之后。 圖解助記： 【一言辨異】 He picked up a wallet on the way to picking up daughter.他在接他女兒的路上揀到一個錢包。 【考點搶測】 6．我七點打電話，你沒有接。 I called at seven and you didnt __pick__ __up__． 7．Class，please __pick__it__up__(pick up it/pick it up)when you see waste paper on the ground. ( A )8.(2016安順中考)—Look！Whats on the ground? —Oh，its my sweater.Please________． A．pick it up　　　B．put it on C．give it out 　remind提醒；使想起 【滿分點撥】 remind的三種結(jié)構 remindremind sb.of sth. 提醒某人某事I want to remind you of the rules for school parties. 關于學校晚會，有幾個規(guī)定我想提醒你們。 remind sb.to do sth. 提醒某人做某事Please remind me to post the letter on the way to school. 請?zhí)嵝盐以谏蠈W的路上把信寄了。 remind(sb.)that從句 提醒某人……Passengers are reminded(that) no smoking is allowed on this train. 旅客們請注意，本次列車禁止吸煙。 　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　 【考點搶測】 ( B )9.(2016達州中考)—Have you heard of the song《Where did the time go》？ —Yes.It often________the old days and love of my family when I hear it. A．puts us down　　　B．reminds us of C．shows us off 10．The picture often reminds me of my school days.(改為同義句) I often __think__of__ my school days when I __see__ the picture. 11．The picture often __reminds__me__of__(使我想起) my school days. 12．Be sure __to__remind__(提醒) her to come back early. 　get married結(jié)婚 【滿分點撥】 與marry有關的短語辨析 詞　匯 意義及用法 marry sb. 娶某人，嫁給某人。 be/get married “結(jié)婚”，時間狀語為具體時間，不能與表示一段時間的狀語連用。 be/get married to sb. 與某人結(jié)婚，時間狀語為具體時間，不能與表示一段時間的狀語連用。 have been married (to sb.) 已經(jīng)(與某人)結(jié)婚，表示狀態(tài)，跟“for＋時間段”。 【溫馨提示】 表示“與某人結(jié)婚”用be/get married to sb.或marry sb.不能用marry with sb.。 【考點搶測】 13．這對新人如此高興，以至于當他們結(jié)婚的時候，他們不停地微笑。 The new couple were so happy that they couldnt stop smiling when they __got__ __married__． 14．They got married 30 years ago.(改為同義句) They __have__ __been__ __married__ for 30 years. ( B )15.(2016懷化中考模擬)She ________ for ten years and now she has a lovely daughter. A．married　　　B．has been married C．has got married 　辨析voice，noise與sound 【滿分點撥】 辨析sound，noise和voice sound 聲音； 響聲 大自然的 任何聲音。 At midnight he heard a strange sound.半夜里他聽到一種奇怪的聲音。 Light travels much faster than sound.光的傳播速度比聲音快得多。 noise 噪音； 喧鬧聲 常指不悅 耳、不和諧 的嘈雜聲。 Dont make any noise！別吵鬧！ The noise wakes me up！噪音吵醒了我！ voice 嗓音 一般指人 的聲音。 The girl has a beautiful voice.那個女孩嗓音很美。 They are talking in low voices.他們正小聲交談。 【考點搶測】 sound　noise　voice 16．They were shouting at the top of their __voices__． 17．Light travels much faster than __sound__． 18．He spoke in a very loud __voice__． 19．__Try__not__to__make__a/any__noise__(盡量不要吵鬧) when you go into the bedroom. ( C )20.(2016安徽中考)Cathy has such a good________that she won many prizes in singing competitions last year. A．year　　B．idea　　C．voice 　population的用法 【滿分點撥】 population的用法： ,population 人口 不可數(shù) 名詞有形容詞修飾時，其前可用a。 population作主語時，謂語用單數(shù)形式。 population和分數(shù)、百分數(shù)一起構成短語作主語，則謂語要用復數(shù)形式。80% of the population in China are farmers. 中國百分之八十的人口是農(nóng)民。 對人口的數(shù)量進行提問時，常用what，而不用how much。What is the population of China? 中國有多少人口？ 表示人口的“多或少”用large/small。India has a large population. 印度人口眾多。 巧學助記： 巧記population的用法口訣 population指“人口”； 提問它用what，不用how many/how much； 人口多用large，人口少用small； 人口增加用grow，人口減少就用fall。 【考點搶測】 21．Beijing has got the __population__(人口) of more than 13.8 million. 22．__Whats__ the population of China? 23．The population of China __is__ larger than that of any other country in the world.Over 51 percent of the population of China __are__ men. 24．India has __the__second__largest__population__(第二大人口) in the world. 　succeed的用法 【滿分點撥】 辨析succeed，success與successful 詞條 詞性及詞義 用法 succeed v.實現(xiàn)目 標，成功 succeed in doing sth.成功做某事 success n.成功 一般作不可數(shù)名詞；當作“成功的人或事”講時，是可數(shù)名詞。 successful adj.成功的 常用作表語，副詞為successfully。 Jim succeeded in getting through the forest.吉姆成功地穿過了那片森林。 Failure is the mother of success.失敗是成功之母。 She is a successful businesswoman.她是一位成功的女商人。 【考點搶測】 25．Our country is __successful__(成功的) in launching another communication satellite. 26．He succeeded in __winning__(贏得) the prize in the speaking competition. 27．Stick to it，and youll be __successful__(成功的)． 28．A man can __succeed__(成功) at almost anything for which he was unlimited enthusiasm. 　against prep.倚；碰；撞 【滿分點撥】 against的用法 (1)against介詞，表示位置，意為“倚；靠著；頂著”等。常與動詞連用。 (2)be against意為“反對；違背；緊貼著”。 【考點搶測】 29．當我到達那兒的時候，他正倚在一棵樹上。 He was leaning __against__ a tree when I got there. 30．When talking about our plan，most of my classmates were __against__(反對) my idea. ( A )31.(2016無錫中考)Although he was________my opinion，the old professor didnt come up with his own. A．a(chǎn)gainst　　　B．on　　　　C．for 　When you called，I was taking a shower. 你打電話時，我正在沐浴。 【滿分點撥】 when意為“當……時候”，引導時間狀語從句。在含有when引導的時間狀語從句的主從復合句中，如果主句和從句的動作都發(fā)生在將來，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。 when與while用法辨析 when和while都能引導時間狀語從句，意為“當……的時候” when ①引導的從句中的謂語動詞如果是延續(xù)性動詞，這時可以和while換用。 ②引導的從句中的謂語動詞如果是非延續(xù)性動詞，這時不能和while換用，從句中的時態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時或一般過去時。 while ①引導的從句中的謂語動詞常用延續(xù)性動詞，從句中的時態(tài)常用過去進行時。 ②主從句動作若同時發(fā)生，則主從句都用進行時。 【歸納拓展】 (1)while conj.意為“然而”，連接并列結(jié)構。 (2)while n．意為“一會兒”。 She likes to lie down for a while after lunch. 她喜歡在午飯后躺一會兒。 【考點搶測】 ( C )32.(2016綏化中考)She is listening to music________he is doing his homework. A．a(chǎn)fter B．before C．while ( A )33.(2016北京中考)________I got home，my sister was doing her homework. A．When B．Because C．If