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第七講　八年級(jí)(上)　Units 7—8 ,中考基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)梳理 類別 課標(biāo)考點(diǎn)要求 詞 匯 攻 關(guān) 1.pollute→(名詞)__pollution__ 2．peace→(形容詞)__peaceful__ 3．inside→(反義詞)__outside__ 4．celebrate→(名詞)__celebration__ 5．possible→(反義詞)__impossible__ 6．hole→(同音詞)__whole__ 7．travel→(名詞)旅行者_(dá)_traveller__ 8.fill→(形容詞)__full__ 9．paper→(形近詞)甜椒__pepper__ 10．salt→(形容詞)__salty__ 11．traditional→(名詞)__tradition__ 12．believe→(形容詞)__believable__ →(形容詞的反義詞)__unbelievable__ 短 語 歸 納 1.參與(某事)__play__a__part__in(sth.)__ 2．未來，將來__in__the__future__ 3．太空站__space__station__ 4．多次，反復(fù)地__over__and__over__again__ 5．醒來，喚醒__wake__up__ 6．不同意__disagree__with__ 7．突然倒下，跌倒，倒塌__fall__down__ 8.尋找，尋求__look__for__ 9．奶昔__milk__shake__ 10．接通，打開__turn__on__ 11．把……倒入……__pour…into…__ 12．取出，拿出__take__out__ 13．一片(塊，張)……__a__piece__of__ 14．用……裝滿……__fill__with__ 句 型 再 現(xiàn) 1.“100年后人們還會(huì)使用錢嗎？” “不會(huì)。一切都是免費(fèi)的。” —__Will__ people __use__ money __in__100__years__？ —No，__they__wont__．Everything will __be__free__． 2．“人們會(huì)活到200歲嗎？”“會(huì)?！? —Will people __live__to__be__ 200 years old? —Yes，__they__will__． 3．每一個(gè)人都應(yīng)當(dāng)盡一份力來拯救地球。 Everyone should __play__a__part__in__saving__ the earth. 4．“世界會(huì)和平嗎？” “會(huì)的，我希望如此?！? —__Will__there__be__world peace? —Yes，__I__hope__so__． 5．現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有機(jī)器人在工廠工作了。 Today __there__are__already__robots__working__ in factories. 6．例如，科學(xué)家詹姆斯懷特認(rèn)為機(jī)器人將決不會(huì)醒來和知道它們在哪里。 For example，scientist James White thinks that robots will never __be__able__to__wake__up__ and know where they are. 7．一些看上去像人，其他的一些可能看上去像動(dòng)物。 __Some__ will look like humans，and __others__ might look like animals. 8．你是如何做香蕉奶昔的？ __How__do__you__make__ a banana milk shake? 9．我們需要多少蘋果？ __How__many__apples__ do we need? 10．然后加入卷心菜、西紅柿和洋蔥，再煮上10分鐘。 Then，add the cabbage，tomatoes and onion and __cook__for__another__10__minutes__． 11．你知道如何種樹嗎？ Do you know __how__to__plant__a__tree__？ 12．現(xiàn)在，到了享受米線的時(shí)候了！ Now，__its__time__to__enjoy__ the rice noodles！ 語法 結(jié)構(gòu) 1.一般將來時(shí)。 2．可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。 話 題 1.Entertainment(娛樂) 2．Life Goals(生活目標(biāo)) 3．Life in the Future(未來的生活) ,懷化五年中考真題演練 ◆可數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞 ( C )1.(2016懷化中考)—Mom，Im hungry.May I have some________？ —Sure.But dont eat too much. A．hamburgers　　B．milks　　C．bread ◆重點(diǎn)句子 2．(2013懷化中考)I really miss old days.(英漢互譯) __我真的想念過去的日子。__ ,懷化中考重難點(diǎn)突破 　sure adv.當(dāng)然；肯定；一定 【滿分點(diǎn)撥】 sure的有關(guān)搭配 be sure of/about “確信……”“對……有把握”，在接名詞時(shí)，be sure of側(cè)重指主語對某抽象事物的確信無疑；而be sure about則側(cè)重指主語對某具體事物確信無疑。 be sure to do “一定；肯定”，表示說話人對句子主語作出的判斷；若用在祈使句中，不是表示判斷，而是表示對對方的要求，意為“務(wù)必要”“一定要”。 be sure＋從句 “肯定；有把握”，主語是人，表示主句主語對賓語從句中涉及的事物所作出的判斷。 make sure “確保；查明”，其后可跟that(可省略)引導(dǎo)的賓語從句、動(dòng)詞不定式或者of短語。 【考點(diǎn)搶測】 1．我父母想讓我當(dāng)一名醫(yī)生，但是我不確定。 My parents want me to be a doctor，but Im not __sure__ __about__ that. 2．他一定會(huì)來參加我們的聚會(huì)的。 He __is__ __sure__ __to__ come to our party. 3．當(dāng)你離開時(shí)務(wù)必關(guān)上燈。 __Make__ __sure__ turn off the lights when you leave. ( C )4.(2016岳陽中考模擬)There arent many tickets left for the concert，youd better ________ that you get one today. A．make sure of　　　　B．make a decision C．make sure 　be able to能夠做…… 【滿分點(diǎn)撥】 be able to與can的異同 異 時(shí)態(tài) can只有兩種時(shí)態(tài)，即一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)，而be able to可以用于各種時(shí)態(tài)。 數(shù) be able to有人稱和數(shù)的變化，而can沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，后跟動(dòng)詞原形。 用法 can除表示“能力”外，還可以表示請求、許可或猜測，而be able to則不可以。 同 表示“能力”時(shí)，兩者同義，可以互換。 【考點(diǎn)搶測】 can　be able to 5．Somebody is knocking at the door.Who __can__ it be? 6．Ill __be__able__to__ drive the car in a few months. ( C )7.(2016長沙中考模擬)Finish your homework first，then youll ________ surf the Internet for half an hour. A．can　　 　B．need　 　C．be able to 　promise n．承諾；諾言　v．許諾；承諾 【滿分點(diǎn)撥】 promisemake a promise答應(yīng)；許諾 keep/break a promise遵守/違背諾言 promise(not) to do sth.答應(yīng)/允諾(不)做某事 promise sth.to sb.(＝promise sb.sth.)許諾給某人某物 【考點(diǎn)搶測】 8．它是一種許諾。 Its a kind of __promise__． 9．他承諾按時(shí)完成這項(xiàng)工作。 He __promises__ __to__ __finish__ the work on time. ( B )10.(2016上海中考改編)I cant tell you what she said.Ive promised________it a secret. A．keep　　　B．to keep　　　C．keeping 　take up(尤指為消遣)學(xué)著做；開始做 【滿分點(diǎn)撥】 (1)take up意為“開始做；學(xué)著做”。 When did you take up music？你什么時(shí)候開始學(xué)音樂？ (2)take up還可以意為“占用”。 This chair takes up too much room. 這張椅子占地方太多。 【歸納拓展】 take的常見短語 【考點(diǎn)搶測】 11．我想在假期學(xué)習(xí)繪畫。 I want to __take__ __up__ painting during holiday. 12．這項(xiàng)工作將占去我很多時(shí)間。 This work will __take__ __up__a lot of my time. ( A )13.(2016濰坊中考)The sofa is so large that it________half of the room area. A．takes up B．picks up　　C．turns up 　辨析expect，wish，hope與look forward to 【滿分點(diǎn)撥】 1．expect的用法： (1)表示“期待；期望”，通常為及物動(dòng)詞，后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)要用不定式。如： We should not expect success overnight. 我們不能期望一夜之間就取得成功。 I didnt expect to find you here. 我沒料到在這里碰到你。 He expected her to go with him. 他期望她同他一起去。 (2)expect還可表示“預(yù)計(jì)；預(yù)料”等。如： I expect a storm. 我預(yù)計(jì)會(huì)有場暴風(fēng)雨。 I expect that I will be back on Sunday. 我預(yù)計(jì)星期日回來。 2．wish意為“希望，想要，但愿”，常常表達(dá)一種虛擬語氣，指“想要不可能的事情”或“也許可能，但是跟實(shí)際有差異”。后常跟代詞、名詞或不定式作賓語。wish跟從句時(shí)，常用虛擬語氣。也可用于祝賀語中。如： I wish to see the manager.我想見到那個(gè)經(jīng)理。 I wish him to look at this.我希望他能夠看看這個(gè)。 I wish I had more money.我希望我有更多的錢。 I wish you a pleasant journey！祝你旅途愉快！ 3．hope意為“希望”，指相信有可能達(dá)到或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的愿望，后常接動(dòng)詞不定式或that從句。如： I hope to go to America next month.我希望下個(gè)月去美國。 I hope that they get here soon.我希望他們能盡快到這里。 4．look forward to(to是介詞)意為“盼望，期待”，其后常接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞，不能接動(dòng)詞不定式。如： Im looking forward to the holidays.我期望著假期。 I look forward to hearing from you.我期望收到你的來信。 【考點(diǎn)搶測】 expect　wish　hope　look forward to 14．When I was young，I __wished__I were a bird in the sky or a fish in the river. 15．Tony __wishes/hopes/expects__to arrive at 7 oclock this evening. 16．Jenny __looks__forward__to__hearing from her pen pal in Germany. 17．Teenagers __expect/hope__their parents can understand them as well as their friends. 18．—Bob，we are moving this weekend. —Congratulations！I __wish__you happiness in your new flat. ( A )19.(2016邵陽中考)She said she hoped______her daughter. A．to see　　B．you to see　　C．seeing ( A )20.(2016廣東中考)Leonardo DiCaprio，a famous American actor，was always expecting________an Oscar and finally he made it. A．to win　　B．winning　　C．not to win ( C )21.(2016米泉中考)________a sports fan，my brother is look forward________the 2016 Olympic Games in Brazil. A．Of；in B．With；for C．As；to 　hundreds of許多；大量 【滿分點(diǎn)撥】 確數(shù)與約數(shù)的表達(dá) (1)hundred，thousand，million，billion等數(shù)詞，前面有具體的數(shù)字修飾，表示確數(shù)，其后不加s，不和of連用。 (2)若表示一個(gè)約數(shù)，前面沒有具體數(shù)字時(shí)，其后要加s，而且與of連用。 【考點(diǎn)搶測】 ( C )22.(2016懷化中考)During the May Day holiday，________visitors came to Zhijiang to visit the Memorial Hall of Flying Tigers. A．thousand of B．thousands C．thousands of 23．The volunteers sent __hundreds__ (hundred) of books to a mountain village school on Childrens Day. 24．Two __hundred__(hundred) volunteers will give out leaflets to ask people to protect the wetlands. 　agree的用法 【滿分點(diǎn)撥】 詞組 用法 例句 agree with 表示同意某人或某人的意見、想法、分析、解釋等(即持同一觀點(diǎn))。 I quite agree with you.我完全同意你的意見。 表示“(食物、天氣、工作等)對……適宜”。 The food does not agree with me.這食物對我不適合。 表示“與……一致”。 His story agrees with the facts.他的陳述與事實(shí)相符。 agree to agree to＋某些名詞，表示同意某事。 He agreed to the plan.他同意了這個(gè)計(jì)劃。 agree to＋動(dòng)詞原形，表示同意做某事。 We agreed to leave early.我們同意早點(diǎn)出發(fā)。 agree on 主要指雙方通過協(xié)商而取得一致意見或達(dá)成協(xié)議。 Both sides agreed on these terms.雙方就這些條件達(dá)成共識(shí)。 agree on＋動(dòng)名詞＝agree to＋動(dòng)詞原形 He agreed on helping us.＝He agreed to help us.他同意幫助我們。 【考點(diǎn)搶測】 to　with　on 25．My mother agreed __to__buy a new pen for me yesterday. 26．Im afraid I couldnt agree __with__you on this point. 27．The two sides didnt agree __on__the date of the meeting. 28．My parents have no ideas about our vacation，so they have to agree __to__my plan. 29．你同意還是反對他們的安排？ Do you __agree__or __disagree__ __to__their arrangement? 　Do you think there will be robots in peoples homes？你認(rèn)為人們家里將會(huì)有機(jī)器人嗎？ 【滿分點(diǎn)撥】 (1)本句是一個(gè)含有賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句，Do you think是主句，there will be…是賓語從句。 (2)there will be意為“將有；會(huì)有”，是there be句型的一般將來時(shí)，其否定形式是there wont be…，一般疑問句形式是will there be…？有時(shí)可以與There is/are going to be…互相轉(zhuǎn)換。 【溫馨提示】 (1)如果do you think放在句中，則為插入語，常放在疑問詞之后，結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞＋do you think＋主語＋謂語＋其他成分？如： What time do you think the train will arrive here? 你認(rèn)為火車什么時(shí)間到達(dá)這里？ (2)there be句型的一個(gè)重要用法是“就近原則”，即謂語動(dòng)詞be和最靠近的名詞在數(shù)上保持一致。如： There is a book and two rulers on the desk. 桌子上有一本書和兩把尺子。 There are two rulers and a book on the desk. 桌子上有兩把尺子和一本書。 【考點(diǎn)搶測】 ( C )30.(2016來賓中考)There________a basketball match in our school tomorrow. A．will have　　　　B．a(chǎn)re C．is going to be ( A )31.(2016玉林中考)—Do you know________a wonderful football match and two basketball matches on July 15th? —Yeah.I am going to watch them on that day. A．there will be B．there will have C．there are ( A )32.(2016綏化中考)There________a pencil and some pens in the box. A．is　　　B．a(chǎn)re　　　C．a(chǎn)rent ,高頻話題寫作指導(dǎo) 未來的生活 ◆寫作導(dǎo)圖 從全國近五年未來的生活相關(guān)話題書面表達(dá)的命題來看，通常有以下幾個(gè)角度的內(nèi)容： 1．談?wù)劧唐谝荒陜?nèi)未來的生活變化和打算。 2．規(guī)劃人生，成就未來，作為中學(xué)生首先要有夢想，對未來要有期待，并為了這個(gè)夢想努力堅(jiān)守，才能夢想成真。 3．時(shí)代在變化，生活也在變化，未來的生活是什么樣子呢？ 結(jié)合懷化考情，可以預(yù)測第一種考查角度幾率更大。 life in the futureshort planthe change of life；the expectation for study and life；the effort you will do for longer plan：dreamyour dream；why； how to achieve the dream；the expectation the changes in the future lifethe life style；the reason why this changes happen； the expectation ◆亮點(diǎn)句型速成 常用句型：I have a dream.I want to be a teacher. 推薦句型：→①I have a dream that I can be a teacher. →②To be a teacher is my dream. →③I hope that I can be a teacher. (一)開頭句 1．What do you think the world will be like in 100 years? 2．What will the happy life be like? (二)中間句 3．Im sure that I can be a teacher. 4．I should study hard from now on. 5．Everyone has a dream. 6．We can do shopping and see doctors without leaving home. 7．Time goes by. 8．Perhaps I will be a singer someday. 9．How time flies! 10．Im going to be a pilot in ten years. 11．It will be exciting that intelligent robots can do what is required for us at home. 12．Good beginning is half done. 13．We never know what will happen in the future. (三)結(jié)尾句 14．As long as we work hard，we will… ◆寫作模板 Its exciting to imagine 未來生活的樣子．At this time next year，I will be a senior high school student，and I will 交很多好朋友．I hope to be 對自己的期望 so that perhaps I will be 如何學(xué)習(xí)提高英語成績．It will be 非常令人興奮的 to do so.Whats more，I will 生活上的變化和成長 and know how to take care of myself when I am alone. ◆典例剖析 Write at least 60 words about the topic“This Time Next Year”．(以“明年此時(shí)”為題，寫一篇不少于60詞的短文。) 你是否想象過，明年此時(shí)，你的生活會(huì)發(fā)生怎樣的變化？你對自己或他人有怎樣的期待？你能為此做些什么？ (注意：短文中不得出現(xiàn)任何人名、校名及其他相關(guān)信息，否則不予評(píng)分。) The following sentence patterns are for reference only.(以下句型僅供參考) I hope to/I hope that… Perhaps I will… It will be exciting/necessary/terrible to… 【審題指導(dǎo)】細(xì)讀所給的文字提示，可以看出文章需要從以下三個(gè)方面來寫： 1．明年生活的變化，包括生活上和學(xué)習(xí)上； 2．對自己或他人學(xué)習(xí)和生活的期望； 3．為此美好的生活所做的努力。全文是對明年生活的描述所以應(yīng)用一般將來時(shí)態(tài)，詞數(shù)應(yīng)不少于60詞，不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名、校名及其他相關(guān)信息。 【范文點(diǎn)評(píng)】 This Time Next Year Life is changeable，and ①thats__why__everyone__longs__for__the__future，which__is__full__of__challenges__as__well__as__hopes.Perhaps I will have achieved my goal this time next year，②studying__in__a__senior__high__school.③Despite__that，diligence__will__be__still__needed__to__make__myself__go__further__in__English.Basically，it is important to concentrate in class and take notes carefully.Then，I will benefit from reading English books.What is more，going abroad is of great use in improving my oral English.④Only__in__this__way__can__I__make__progress__in__English__endlessly. ⑤Make__plans__and__go__for__what__I__want.And I believe when the challenge is coming，the hope is also around the corner. ①文章一開頭就使用了一個(gè)長難句點(diǎn)明主題，引出下文。why引導(dǎo)的表語從句和which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句開篇點(diǎn)題，抓住了閱卷老師的眼球，增分不少。 ②此句為v.ing形式作伴隨狀語。非謂語動(dòng)詞的使用顯示了作者扎實(shí)的語法知識(shí)和語言運(yùn)用能力，為短文增色亮點(diǎn)之一。 ③Despite that替代常見的although，彰顯出作者豐富的詞匯量。 ④Only置于句首句子要用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，顯示出作者扎實(shí)的語法知識(shí)和語言運(yùn)用能力。 ⑤以祈使句再次點(diǎn)題，對應(yīng)開頭，首尾呼應(yīng)。且再次使用what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句使文章更加完美，提升了作文檔次。