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1、,賓語從句 The Object Clause,什么是賓語,I like my teacher.（名詞作賓語) I enjoy playing basketball.(動名詞作賓語） I decide to study hard.（不定式作賓語） I know him .（代詞作賓語）,賓語是動作、行為的對象，是動作的承受者。 賓語由名詞、代詞、不定式 或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞、短語來擔(dān)任。,我們 知道 姚明 We know Yao Ming,我們 知道 他是一個著名的籃球運動員 We know,賓語從句就是由一個句子來構(gòu)成主句的賓語，并有一個連接詞引導(dǎo)。,一 什么 是賓語從句？,賓o,賓o,主s,謂

2、v,he is a famous basketball player,that,連接詞,我們 知道 他是一個著名的籃球運動員,謂v,主s,賓語從句三要點,一、語序 二、引導(dǎo)詞 三、時態(tài),有哪些句子可以做賓語？,1.陳述句 He is a famous basketball player. 2.一般疑問句 Will our teachers attend the meeting ？ 3.特殊疑問句 which coat did you prefer?,My name is My favorite sport is I am I speak/have/like I can play,Are you

3、? Can you play? Do you do? Where are you? What can you do? How do you do?,陳 述 句,-,-,一般 疑問 句,特殊 疑問 句,結(jié)構(gòu)比較,陳述句,一般 疑問 句,特殊 疑問 句,_+ _ + _,結(jié)構(gòu)比較,be,情態(tài)動詞,助動詞,主語,謂語,_ + _ + _,.,主語,?,_ +_+ _,特殊 疑問詞,一般 疑問句,?,?,_ + _ + _,主語,?,_ +_ + _,主語,結(jié)論:陳述句和疑問句最本質(zhì)的區(qū)別是陳述句中的be動詞, 情態(tài)動詞 ,助動詞在主語后,而在疑問句中,它們則在主語前,句子的兩種語序: 1.陳述句結(jié)構(gòu)

4、叫陳述語序 賓語從句必須用陳述句語序 2 疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)叫疑問語序,將下列句子改成陳述句語序： 1.Is there a bank near here? 2.Is it on Fifth Avenue? 3.Are they doing homework?,There is a bank near here.,It is on Fifth Avenue.,They are doing homework.,4.Does she work in a hospital? 5.Did you go to Center Park? 6.Do we have to wear a uniform?,She wo

5、rks in a hospital .,I went to Center Park .,We have to wear a uniform.,They can wear hats in school .,7.Can they wear hats in school?,8.Wheres your pen pal from? 9.Where does he live? 10.What language does she speak? 11.Why do you like pandas?,Where your pen pal is from,Where he lives,What language

6、she speaks,Why you like pandas?,1. 由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。That只有語法作用，沒有實在的意義，在口語和非正式文體中可以省略。例如： He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. She doesnt know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed.,賓語從句的類型,練一練,1.This is a book. 2.You like singing. 3.He worked last night. 4.They will go home

7、. 5.Jim has been to Beijing. 6.She sings well.,用以下開頭與下列句子連成賓語從句: 1. I know 2. She says 3. Tell your friend ,（that）,一般疑問句做賓語,我問他是否想去游泳,1, 改為陳述句語氣， 2，用if/whether連接,I ask,Does he want to go swim?,he wants to go swim,If/whether,I ask,2. 由if或whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。 If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。 例如： I want to know if (w

8、hether) he lives there. He asked me whether (if) I could help him.,練一練,1.Is he reading ? 2.Do you get up at six? 3.Does Tom work hard? 4.Did you watch TV ? 5.Will they read books ? 6.Can you sing ?,用以下開頭與下列句子連成賓語從句: 1.Do you know 2.I want to know 3.The teacher asks ,if/whether,特殊疑問句做賓語,Which coat di

9、d you like best?,I wonder which coat you like best.,用疑問引導(dǎo)，改為陳述語氣。,我想知道你最喜歡哪一條領(lǐng)帶？,Which tie do you like best,特殊疑問句變成 陳述語序 連接詞就是疑問詞本身,I wonder,I wonder,ATTENTION,which tie you like best?,3. 由連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which和連接副詞when, where, why, how引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。 這些連接代詞和連接副詞在賓語從句中充當(dāng)某個成分。 例如： Do you know wh

10、o (whom) they are waiting for? He asked whose handwriting was the best. Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is? I dont know why the train is late.,練一練,What is this ? What are you doing ? Where do you live ? When does he get up ? How did you go to work? Who will you play with?,用以下開頭與下列句子連成賓語句: 1.

11、Do you know 2.I want to know 3. Can you tell me 4. The man asked ,1.當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，賓語從句的時態(tài)不作限制，我們可以根據(jù)句子的意思來使用需要的任何一種時態(tài)。 e.g I hear ( that ) Tom has been to Guilin twice . I hear ( that ) she will come tomorrow . I hear ( that ) Jim went to work an hour ago . I hear ( that ) he is interested in English .,

12、賓語從句的時態(tài)的變化,四.賓語從句中時態(tài)的變化,填一填,was,is,will cook,is singing,has been,was playing,had learned,1.當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，賓語從句的時態(tài)不作限制，我們可以根據(jù)句子的需要使用任何一種時態(tài)。 （需要性原則）,2.當(dāng)主句是一般過去時的時候，賓語從句必須運用相應(yīng)的過去的某一種時態(tài)，從而達到主句和從句的相互一致。 e.g He said ( that ) he would go to Xian . He said ( that ) he was ill yesterday . He said ( that ) he was

13、reading a book . He said ( that ) he had had supper already . 3.當(dāng)賓語從句說明的是客觀存在的事實或者是客觀存在的真理時，就不用受到主句時態(tài)的限制，仍是用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。 e.g He said that the sun is much bigger than the moon . The teacher told the students that no news is good news . The PE teacher said that doing morning exercise is useful to our healt

14、h .,2.當(dāng)主句是一般過去時的時候，賓語從句必須運用相應(yīng)的過去的某一種時態(tài)，從而達到主句和從句的相互一致。（呼應(yīng)性原則）,1) He will go to Hong Kong . 2) He is sick. 3) He is reading a book . 4) He has finished his work.,1) He to Hong Kong .,2) He sick. 3) He a book . 4) He,辨一辨,would go,was,was reading,his work.,had finished,確定從句的時態(tài)(根據(jù)主句時態(tài)),主句時態(tài),從 句 時 態(tài),連 接

15、前,連 接 后,一般現(xiàn)在時,時態(tài)保持不變,一般過去時,一般現(xiàn)在時,一般過去時,一般過去時,過去完成時,一般將來時,過去將來時,現(xiàn)在進行時,過去進行時,現(xiàn)在完成時,過去完成時,賓語從句三要素,that（陳述句 ）,ifwhether（一般疑問句 ）,特殊疑問詞（特殊疑問句),主句為一般現(xiàn)在時從句可為任何時態(tài),語序,賓語從句的語序都為陳述句語序,客觀真理 自然現(xiàn)象 公式定理 名言警句 時態(tài)不變,七.本課小結(jié),.Find out the mistakes and correct them. 1 Could you tell me where do they live? 2 She knew that

16、 Danny is a student. 3 He told me that winter was colder than autumn. 4 Do you know who car it is?,找錯誤,was,is,whose,II.改錯：,1.Miss Zhang asked me why was I late for school.,_,Miss Zhang asked me why I was late for school.,2.Father told me the sun always rose in the east.,_,Father told me the sun alwa

17、ys rises in the east.,3.He doesnt know that when she can come back.,_,He doesnt know when she can come back.,直接引語變間接引語與賓語從句的關(guān)系,三、人稱的變化 1. 從句的主語如果是第一人稱，變?yōu)橘e語從句則與主句的主語一致；如果是第二人稱，則與主句的賓語一致；如果是第三人稱，不用變化。如： “I was born in Zhangjiajie.”He said. He said that he was born in Zhangjiajie . “You must give me my

18、 pen.” he told me -He told me that I must give him his pen. “They go to the park.”she said. -She said that they went to the park.,一隨主二隨賓第三人稱不變化,直接引語變間接引語與賓語從句的關(guān)系,三、標(biāo)點的使用 2. 賓語從句的標(biāo)點均由主句決定。主句是陳述句，用句號；主句是疑問句，用問號。 “Who are you ?”Can you tell me ? Can you tell me who you are ? “His sister goes to the par

19、k .”he said. -He said that his sister went to the park .,將下列句子合并為一句: 1. Where do they stop on the way? I asked. 2. What will you say at the meeting? Could you tell me? 3. Do they like to make friends with us? He asked. 4. “ I am doing my homework.” He said. 5. “I will come back.” Tom said.,I asked w

20、here they stopped on the way.,Could you tell me what you will say at the meeting?,He asked if they liked to make friends with them.,He said that he was doing his homework.,Tom said that he would come back.,6. “Is he doing his homework?” Jim asked. 7. “When will he come back?” Tom asked. 8. “How can

21、I get to the station?” Could you tell me? 9. “Why is the train late?” Would you tell me? 10. “Where is Tom?” They asked.,Tom asked when he would come back.,Could you tell me how I can get to the station?,Would you tell me why the train is late?,They asked where Tom was.,Jim asked if he was doing his

22、 homework.,“Why is the train late?” Would you tell me? 2. “Where is Tom?” They asked. 3. “Do you know her telephone number？”He asked me. He asked me if I know her telephone number. Do you know？Where does he live？ Do you know where he lives？,Would you tell me why the train is late?,They asked where T

23、om was.,將下列句子合并為一句: 1. “ I am doing my homework.” He said. 2. “I will come back.” Tom said. 3. “I can finish my work before supper.” He said. He said that he could finish his work before supper .,He said that he was doing his homework.,Tom said that he would come back.,直接引語變間接引語與賓語從句的關(guān)系,一般疑問句變?yōu)閕f (w

24、hether)引導(dǎo)的賓語從句,She asked, “ Do you often come here to read newspaper? ” “Will they go to visit the Great Wall?” he asked.,She asked if (whether) I often came here to read newspaper.,He asked if (whether) they would go visit the Great Wall.,如果從句是一般疑問句，引導(dǎo)詞用if/whether； 語序變?yōu)殛愂稣Z序。,1. What did Mike say? H

25、e said _. A. if you are free the next week B. what colour was it C. the weather is fine D. summer comes after spring 2. Let me tell you _. A. how much is the car B. how much does the car cost C. how much did I pay for the car D. how much I spent on the car 3. Peter knew _. A. whether he has finished

26、 reading the book B. why the boy had so many questions C. there were 12 months in a year D. when they will leave for Paris,4. Could you tell me _? A. where do you live B. who you are waiting for C. who were you waiting for D. where you live in 5. She told me the sun _ in the east. A. rise B. rose C.

27、 rises D. had risen 6.I dont know _ up so early last Sunday. A. why did he get C.why does he get B.why he gets D. why he got,練一練,( )1. Miss Green didnt tell us _ in 2002. A. where does she live B. Where she lives C. where did she live D. where she lived ( )2. Would you please tell me _? A. when did

28、he come home B. where would he play football C. if had he seen the film D. why he didnt watch the game ( ) 3. Do you know _ I could pass the exam? A. that B. whether C. what D. which ( )4. I want to know_. A. what is his name B. whats his name C. that his name is D. what his name is,D,D,B,D,( ) 5. I

29、 dont know when _. A. will the train leave B. the train will leave C. would the train leave D. the train leave ( ) 6.-We dont know _. -It is said that he was born in Sweden. A. what he is B. if he lives here C. where he comes from D. which country is he from ( ) 7. Do you know _ during the coming su

30、mmer holiday? A. what will Tom do B. what did Tom do C. what Tom will do D. what Tom did ( ) 8. Could you tell me _ she is looking for? A. that B. whose C. who D. which,B,C,C,C,1. I hear (that) _. (一小時后他會回來）,he will be back in an hour,he missed us very much,3. The teacher told us (that) _. （地球圍著太陽轉(zhuǎn)）

31、,the earth moves around the sun,2. He said (that) _. (他非常想念我們）,完成句子,4. I want to know _ _. (他是否跟我們一起去公園),if (whether) he will go to the park with us,55. Ask him _. (他是否能來),whether (if) he can come,6. Please tell me _ _. (我們將什么時候開會) 7. Can you tell me _. (他在哪兒) 8. Could you tell me _ _. (我該怎么去車站),whe

32、n well have a meeting,where he is,how I can get to the station,由if或whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如： I want to know if (whether) he lives there. He asked me whether (if) I could help him.,注意一下情況只用whether，不用if。,1. whether引導(dǎo)的從句?？梢耘c連詞or或or not直接連用。如： Let me know whether you can come or not. Let

33、me know if you can come or not. 2. 當(dāng)賓語從句提到句首時，只能用whether引導(dǎo)。如： Whether it is true or not, I cant tell. If it is true or not, I cant tell.,3. whether可以引導(dǎo)帶to的不定式。如： I dont know whether to accept or refuse. I dont know if to accept or refuse. 4. whether及其引導(dǎo)的成分可放于介詞之后，作介詞的賓語。如： I worry about whether I hu

34、rt her feelings. I worry about if I hurt her feelings.,If 與whether 的區(qū)別,I dont know _ he will come or not. I dont care of _ he is handsome. He wondered _ to stay here the next week. _ he will come is not decided.,與or not 連用只能用whether,介詞后只能用whether,與to do 不定式連用只能用whether,作主語只能用whether,1. What did Mike

35、 say? He said _. A. if you are free the next week B. what colour was it C. the weather is fine D. summer comes after spring 2. Let me tell you _. A. how much is the car B. how much does the car cost C. how much did I pay for the car D. how much I spent on the car 3. Peter knew _. A. whether he has f

36、inished reading the book B. why the boy had so many questions C. there were 12 months in a year D. when they will leave for Paris,4. Could you tell me _? A. where do you live B. who you are waiting for C. who were you waiting for D. where you live in 5. She told me the sun _ in the east. A. rise B.

37、rose C. rises D. had risen 6.I dont know _ up so early last Sunday. A. why did he get C.why does he get B.why he gets D. why he got,7. The manager came up to see _. A. what was the matter B. what the matter was C. what the matter is D. whats the matter 8. He asked his father _. where it happens B. w

38、here did it happen C. how it happened D. how did it happen 9. No one tells us_, so we need your help. how we should do B. what should we do C. how to do it D. what to do it,10. Could you please teach me _ the computer. A. how check C. how to check B. to check D. to how checking 11. Where do you thin

39、k _ he _ the TV set? Sorry, Ive no idea. A./, bought B. has, bought C. did, buy D. did bought,Do you know _? A. where does she live B. she lives where C. where she lives D. where she live 2. His parents wanted to know what he _at that time. A. is doing B. was doing C. has done D. will do,C,B,鞏固練習(xí)：,I

40、從下列A、B、C、D中選擇一個正確選項填空。,4Lilys mother looked for her for half an hour, but could not find _? what Lily was B. what was Lily C. where Lily was D. where was Lily,C,3.We dont know _. - It is said that he was born in Canada. what he is B. when he was born C. where he comes from D. if he lives here,C,5 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them.,A. took B. take C. takes D. will take,6 Linda said the moon_ round the earth.,A. travelled B. has travelled C. travels D. had travelled,A,C,Thank you!,