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第2講 推理判斷題（二） 推理判斷題(二) A (2016湖南四校高三聯(lián)考)I always figured that comedians were the best kind of people to hang around with as a kid. They tell funny stories, make joke after joke, and happiness seems never to leave them. But time goes on, and we come to see these same people as clowns on the outside, but crying a river in the inside. Comedy from these people comes from a deep pain and sadness in their lives, or out of a deep－seated anger they have at the world around them. Look at Richard Pryor. Need I say more? Richard seemed to have everything. For Superman Ⅲ， he ended up getting more money than Christopher Reeve did. Yet he said while he was in his forties that the last truly happy moment he remembered in his life was when he was jumping around in the dirt while pretending to be a cowboy at the age of 10. This guy set himself on fire, and he played that for laugh while performing live at the Sunset Strip! Comedy was his constant weapon against pain, and he never held anything back. The movie Funny People understands very well this gloomy field many comedians have to survive in. It stars Adam Sandler as George Simmons, a famous comedian in the movie. Simmons has it all: a beautiful mansion overlooking the sea, a swimming pool, great cars, and so on. But in his eyes, we see that he is a sad man who has come to truly look down upon himself for what he has become. All the wealth he has collected only serves to separate him from the rest of the world and it makes him defensive when around total strangers who cannot see him as a normal person. But now, he hears from his doctor that he has a terminal disease and has only months left to live. Simmons reacts to this news as if someone took away his blood in the heart, and it makes him clearly see just how much he hates his life. So now he has to make every minute count. Then come a series of funny stories. Comedy_is_just_life_as_it_is,_isnt_it? 體裁：議論文　題材：社會文化　主題：喜劇 語篇導(dǎo)讀：本文通過不同的例子證明了喜劇是喜劇演員把真實(shí)生活中的痛苦進(jìn)行加工和升華后創(chuàng)造出來的。 1．What can we infer about “comedians” according to the text? A．Comedians like to get along with kids. B．Comedians life is full of jokes. C．Comedians often use their sad experiences. D．Comedians often cry in their daily life. 【解析】　C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句可知，喜劇來自經(jīng)歷痛苦的人，即這些人會把這些痛苦經(jīng)歷轉(zhuǎn)化為喜劇形式表達(dá)出來，故選C項(xiàng)。 2．When was the happiest moment for Richard Pryor? A. When he played the part of Superman Ⅲ. B．When he got more money than Christopher Reeve. C．When he pretended to be a cowboy in the childhood. D．When he performed live at the Sunset Strip. 【解析】　C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干的關(guān)鍵詞Richard Pryor可定位到文章第二段；根據(jù)第二段第五句…the last truly happy moment he remembered in his life was when he was jumping around in the dirt while pretending to be a cowboy at the age of 10.可直接得出答案為C項(xiàng)。 3．Why was George Simmons unhappy? A．He had no friends at all. B．He spent too much on his house. C．He wasnt accepted by the outside world. D．He was hated by all the strangers around. 【解析】　C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段第五句可知，是財(cái)富使西蒙斯和外界隔離，并且他始終對陌生人有一種防衛(wèi)感，而其他人也沒有把他看作是正常人，故選C項(xiàng)(因?yàn)槲髅伤共槐煌饨缃邮?，所以他感到不快?。D項(xiàng)(周圍所有的陌生人都討厭他)太絕對。 4．By saying “Comedy is just life as it is, isnt it？”，the author means ________. A．life like comedy will make you happy B．comedy comes from the sadness in real life C．there is no happiness at all in real life D．life is full of comedy in reality 【解析】　B　推理判斷題。文章首段末句就明確指出喜劇來自于喜劇演員生活中的痛苦和悲傷，然后通過不同的例子來證明。作者認(rèn)為生活中總是充滿了痛苦，只是喜劇演員將痛苦進(jìn)行了加工，故選B項(xiàng)。C項(xiàng)(實(shí)際生活根本沒有快樂)太絕對。 B Have you ever run into a careless cell phone user on the street? Perhaps they were busy talking, texting or checking updates on WeChat without looking at what was going on around them. As the number of this new “species” of human has kept rising, they have been given a new name—phubbers(低頭族)． Recently, a cartoon created by students from China Central Academy of Fine Arts put this group of people under the spotlight. In the short film, phubbers with various social identities bury themselves in their phones. A doctor plays with his cell phone while letting his patient die, a pretty woman takes selfie in front of a car accident site, and a father loses his child without knowing about it while using his mobile phone. A chain of similar events eventually leads to the destruction of the world. Although the ending sounds overstated the damage phubbing can bring is real. Your health is the first to bear the effect and result of it. “Constantly bending your head to check your cell phone could damage your neck，” Guangming Daily quoted doctors as saying, “the neck is like a rope that breaks after long－term stretching.” Also, staring at cell phones for long periods of time will damage your eyesight gradually, according to the report. But thats not all. Being a phubber could also damage your social skills and drive you away from your friends and family. At reunions with family or friends, many people tend to stick to their cell phones while others are chatting happily with each other and this creates a strange atmosphere, Qilu Evening News reported. It can also cost you your life. There have been lots of reports on phubbers who fell to their death, suffered accidents, and were robbed of their cell phones in broad daylight. 體裁：議論文　題材：社會現(xiàn)象　主題：低頭族 語篇導(dǎo)讀： 作者通過描述低頭族過度使用手機(jī)所帶來的危害，提醒我們應(yīng)適度使用手機(jī)，不要被手機(jī)奴役。5.For what purpose does the author give the example of a cartoon in Para.2? A．To inform people of the bad effects of phubbing. B．To advertise the cartoon made by students. C．To indicate the world will finally be destroyed by phubbers. D．To warn doctors against using cell phones while treating patients. 【解析】　A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段可知，在短片中不同的社會身份的低頭族都沉浸在自己的手機(jī)里。醫(yī)生在玩手機(jī)的時(shí)候，他的病人死了；一個(gè)漂亮的女人在車禍現(xiàn)場前玩自拍；一位父親在使用他的手機(jī)時(shí)，全然不知他的孩子不見了。一連串類似的事件最終導(dǎo)致了世界的毀滅。可以看出，作者舉例是為了告知人們過度使用手機(jī)帶來的危害，故選A項(xiàng)。 6．Which of the following is NOT a risk a phubber may have? A．His social skills could be affected. B．His neck and eyesight will be gradually harmed. C．He will cause the destruction of the world. D．He might get separated from his friends and family. 【解析】　C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三、四段可知選C項(xiàng)。 7．Which of the following may be the authors attitude towards phubbing? A．Supportive. B．Opposed. C．Optimistic. D．Objective. 【解析】　B　推理判斷題。綜合全文，從作者提供的卡通視頻和后面提到的各種過度使用手機(jī)的后果可知，作者是反對低頭族的。 8．What may the passage talk about next? A．Definition of phubbers. B．People addicted to phubbing. C．Measures to reduce the risks of phubbing. D．Consequences of phubbing. 【解析】　C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)排除法，文章已經(jīng)談?wù)摿说皖^一族過度使用手機(jī)的后果，因此下面應(yīng)該告訴我們減少危害的措施了。 C (2016鄂豫晉冀陜五省高三聯(lián)考)For many years, machines have been doing work that people once did, including some difficult jobs. Search and rescue operations in dangerous environments are often seen as the first areas that will employ high technology robots. But there is another area where they may soon take jobs traditionally held by human beings: the restaurant industry. Teams from around the world competed in early June at the DARPA Robotic Challenge Finals in California. A team from South Korea and its robot, called DRC－Hubo, won the first place in the competition. The second and third place winners were from the United States. The robots were required to drive a vehicle, climb up steps and do mechanical work. Such activities are easy for humans to perform, but more difficult for machines. Not all of the competitors were successful. The failures showed how difficult it is to design effective walking machines. Akihiro Suzuki works at Yaskawa Electric, a company that develops robots. He says robots cannot do everything a human can, but they are able to work without becoming tired. He says robots cannot taste food, change heating levels or seasonings to get the best flavor(風(fēng)味). But he says if a food can be easily prepared, a robot can repeat the same movement to reproduce the same meal. One Japanese woman who saw the robots working wanted to bring them home. Masayo Mori says she would like to have a husband who could work like a robot. Suzumo Machinery showed its sushi(壽司) maker robot. It performs the often difficult work of wrapping the popular Japanese food. Hiroshi Monden is an official with the company. He says people all over the world now eat sushi, but there are not enough skilled workers to prepare it. He says his machine can help anyone make sushi. 體裁：說明文　題材：科普知識　主題：餐飲業(yè)中的機(jī)器人 語篇導(dǎo)讀：機(jī)器人已經(jīng)能夠做很多人類可以做的事情，包括一些很難的工作。本文介紹機(jī)器人在餐飲業(yè)中的應(yīng)用。 9．In Paragraph 1, the author tells us ________. A．robots just do difficult jobs B．robots are sometimes dangerous C．robots are widely used in our life D．robots are gradually replacing humans 【解析】　C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句及最后一句可知，機(jī)器人正在做著以前由人類做的工作，包括一些困難的工作，且機(jī)器人還被應(yīng)用于餐飲業(yè)。由此可知，機(jī)器人在被廣泛應(yīng)用于我們的生活中，故選C項(xiàng)。 10．Why did some teams fail at the DARPA Robotic Challenge Finals? A．Their robots cannot be applied at home. B．Preparing food is really difficult for robots. C．They failed to design effective walking robots. D．Their robots can just repeat the same movement. 【解析】　C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段最后一句可知，有些參賽者的失敗表明設(shè)計(jì)會走路的機(jī)器人有多難，故選C項(xiàng)。 11．We can infer from the last paragraph that ________. A．Japanese men are lazy B．robots are popular in Japan C．Japan has advanced high technology D. robots usually take the job of making sushi in Japan 【解析】　B　推理判斷題。文章最后一段舉了兩個(gè)事例，一是一位看到機(jī)器人工作的日本女士想要把它們帶回家，二是日本人用機(jī)器人做壽司，這兩個(gè)例子都表明機(jī)器人在日本是很受歡迎的。 12．In which column can we probably see the text? A．Science. B．Culture. C．Health. D．Education. 【解析】　A　推理判斷題。本文主要介紹機(jī)器人在餐飲業(yè)中的應(yīng)用，屬于科技類，故有可能來自科學(xué)欄目，故選A項(xiàng)。