《高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 第三部分 題型強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練 專(zhuān)題一 閱讀理解 第5課時(shí) 鎖定上下邏輯-攻克閱讀“七選五”》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 第三部分 題型強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練 專(zhuān)題一 閱讀理解 第5課時(shí) 鎖定上下邏輯-攻克閱讀“七選五”（16頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

專(zhuān)題一 閱讀理解 第5課時(shí) 鎖定上下邏輯-攻克閱讀“七選五” 題組一　體驗(yàn)真題 Passage 1 體裁：說(shuō)明文　話題：密碼學(xué)　詞數(shù)：289　時(shí)間：7′ 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。 (2016全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Secret codes (密碼)keep messages private.Banks，companies，and government agencies use secret codes in doing business，especially when information is sent by computer. People have used secret codes for thousands of years.__1__ Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making.The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography. There are three main types of cryptography.__2__ For example，the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” spell out the hidden message “Meet me.” __3__You might represent each letter with a number，for example. Let’s number the letters of the alphabet，in order，from 1 to 26.If we substitute a number for each letter，the message “Meet me” would read “135520135.” A code uses symbols to replace words，phrases，or sentences.To read the message of a real code，you must have a code book.__4__ For example，“bridge” might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me.” The message “bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.” __5__However，it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long.So codes must be changed frequently. A．It is very hard to break a code without the code book. B．In any language，some letters are used more than others. C．Only people who know the keyword can read the message. D．As long as there have been codes，people have tried to break them. E．You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out. F．With a code book，you might write down words that would stand for other words. G．Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet. 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　這是一篇說(shuō)明文。向讀者介紹了密碼在生活中的作用及密碼學(xué)的三種基本類(lèi)型。 1．D　[考查綜合分析能力。聯(lián)系下一句的意思，“創(chuàng)設(shè)密碼和破譯密碼總是相伴而生的”，可以推斷此處意思是“只要有密碼存在，人們總是千方百計(jì)地進(jìn)行破譯”。故選D項(xiàng)。] 2．E　[考查聯(lián)系上下文的能力。依據(jù)接下來(lái)的舉例可知，這里講的是選取每個(gè)單詞的首字母這一方法來(lái)隱藏信息。因此答案為E。] 3．G　[考查運(yùn)用語(yǔ)境進(jìn)行推斷的能力。前文已經(jīng)介紹了一種設(shè)置密碼的方式，這里又介紹了另一種。故選G。G項(xiàng)中的another也是解題的關(guān)鍵標(biāo)志詞。] 4．F　[考查聯(lián)系上下文的能力?？崭袂暗腶 code book暗示答案可能為F項(xiàng)，通過(guò)驗(yàn)證，兩句意思通順自然，銜接緊密。故答案為F。] 5．A　[考查綜合分析能力。由下文中的“also hard”二詞可知答案非A莫屬。] Passage 2 體裁：說(shuō)明文　話題：園藝　詞數(shù)：295　時(shí)間：7′ 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。 (2016全國(guó)卷Ⅱ) A garden that’s just right for you Have you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you，where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sum(總和) of its parts？__6__．But it doesn’t happen by accident.It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process. ?__7__ Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants，flowers，patterns and masses of color.Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers(肥料)．__8__．However，there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden.One of them comes from our earliest years. ?Recall(回憶)your childhood memories Our model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood.Grandma’s rose garden and Dad’s vegetable garden might be good or bad，but that’s not what’s important.__9__—how being in those gardens made us feel.If you’d like to build a powerful bond with your garden，start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth.__10__．Then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grown－up garden.Have fun. A．Know why you garden B．Find a good place for your own garden C．It’s our experience of the garden that matters D．It’s delightful to see so many beautiful flowers E．Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants F．You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden，too G．For each of those gardens，write down the strongest memory you have 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹的是如何做園藝，讓美麗的花園給我們帶來(lái)美好的視覺(jué)享受。 6．F　[本題考查聯(lián)系上下文的能力。根據(jù)前面的Have you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you可知，你是否參觀過(guò)一個(gè)美麗的花園，再結(jié)合后面的It starts with looking inside yourself可知，故F項(xiàng)“你也可以把自己的花園弄得這么漂亮”符合語(yǔ)境。] 7．A　[本題考查綜合分析能力。根據(jù)后面的there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden可知，這一部分主要說(shuō)明的是首先要弄清楚從事園藝的原因。故A項(xiàng)與之相符。] 8．E　[本題考查綜合分析能力。前兩句談到有些人認(rèn)為花園只是一些花花草草，有些人關(guān)心的是少用水少用肥料的方法。本句應(yīng)該仍然是人們對(duì)園藝的不同看法。故E項(xiàng)“還有其他人只是喜歡在戶(hù)外接觸植物”與上下文一致。] 9．C　[本題考查運(yùn)用語(yǔ)境進(jìn)行推斷的能力。根據(jù)前面的that’s not what’s important可知，這里強(qiáng)調(diào)的是在園藝中對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)真正重要的是什么。故C項(xiàng)“重要的是我們搞園藝的經(jīng)歷”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。] 10．G　[本題考查綜合分析能力。這里介紹的是自己弄一個(gè)花園，要回憶一下年輕時(shí)所看到的那些花園，并把這些花園的優(yōu)點(diǎn)寫(xiě)下來(lái)，然后制定計(jì)劃并去踐行。故G項(xiàng)與上下文一致。] Passage 3 體裁：說(shuō)明文　話題：吃魚(yú)　詞數(shù)：253　時(shí)間：6′ 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。 (2016全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)Everyone knows that fish is good for health.__11__But it seems that many people don’t cook fish at home.Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year，but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home.Buying，storing，and cooking fish isn’t difficult.__12__This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way. __13__Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that you’re standing at the ocean’s edge.Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isn’t fresh.__14__When you have bought a fish and arrive home，you’d better store the fish in the refrigerator if you don’t cook it immediately，but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two.Frozen fish isn’t as tasty as the fresh one. There are many common methods used to cook fish.__15__First，clean it and season it with your choice of spices(調(diào)料)．Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound.(A larger one will take more time.)Then，it’s ready to serve. A．Do not buy it. B．The easiest is to steam it. C．This is how you can do it. D．It just requires a little knowledge. E．The fish will go bad within hours. F．When buying fish，you should first smell it. G．The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease. 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講述了吃魚(yú)對(duì)人的好處以及挑選魚(yú)和做魚(yú)的方法。 11．G　[根據(jù)該空內(nèi)容的前一句和后面的but 可知該空內(nèi)容應(yīng)是吃魚(yú)的好處，故判斷G選項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。] 12．D　[根據(jù)后面的解釋內(nèi)容可以判斷此句起到承上啟下的作用，故判斷D選項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。] 13．F　[根據(jù)后面的解釋內(nèi)容可以判斷此處應(yīng)該填選魚(yú)的方法，故F選項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。] 14．A　[此句是對(duì)上文的一個(gè)總結(jié)，根據(jù)因果關(guān)系，故選A選項(xiàng)。] 15．B　[根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容可知此處應(yīng)填做魚(yú)的方法，故B選項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。] Passage 4 體裁：議論文　話題：信任　詞數(shù)：296　時(shí)間：8′ 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。 (2015全國(guó)卷Ⅰ) Building Trust in a Relationship Again Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences.__16__ Trust is a risk.But you can’t be successful when there’s a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake. Unfortunately，we’ve all been victims of betrayal.Whether we’ve been stolen from，lied to，misled，or cheated on，there are different levels of losing trust.Sometimes people simply can’t trust anymore.__17__ It’s understandable，but if you’re willing to build trust in a relationship again，we have some steps you can take to get you there. ●__18__ Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well－being. ● __19__ If you’ve been betrayed，you are the victim of your circumstance.But there’s a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”．At some point in all of our lives，we’ll have our trust tested or violated. ●You didn’t lose “everything”．Once trust is lost，what is left？Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle，look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life.__20__ Instead，it’s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness. A．Learn to really trust yourself. B．It is putting confidence in someone. C．Stop regarding yourself as the victim. D．Remember that you can expect the best in return. E．They’ve been too badly hurt and they can’t bear to let it happen again. F．This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships. G．Seeing the positive side of things doesn’t mean you’re ignoring what happened. 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　這是一篇議論文。信任是來(lái)源于人們以往經(jīng)歷的一種非天生行為。但有時(shí)它也會(huì)帶來(lái)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。當(dāng)我們失去對(duì)別人的信任時(shí)，該如何重新獲得呢？本文向讀者介紹了幾點(diǎn)實(shí)用的做法。 16．B　[本題考查綜合分析能力。前句講的是信任是人們從過(guò)去的經(jīng)歷中學(xué)來(lái)的一種行為。本空在此基礎(chǔ)上做進(jìn)一步的說(shuō)明，即信任就是依賴(lài)某人。故答案選B。] 17．E　[本題考查聯(lián)系上下文的能力。本段的主要內(nèi)容是，人們由于遭受欺騙或受到誤導(dǎo)等而倍感受傷，不能忍受此類(lèi)事情再次發(fā)生，從而就不再相信任何人。E項(xiàng)中的they與前句中的people相對(duì)應(yīng)，且與下句“It’s understandable.”銜接自然，文意相通。故答案為E。] 18．A　[本題考查聯(lián)系上下文的能力。后面一句是對(duì)空格的解釋和說(shuō)明。其中“Having confidence in yourself”與A項(xiàng)中的trust yourself意義相近。因此答案選A。] 19．C　[本題考查綜合分析能力。通讀本段可知其大意是：一旦遭到背叛，你就成為客觀環(huán)境的受害者，但作為一名受害者和以受害者的身份去生活是不同的。所選答案應(yīng)當(dāng)包含關(guān)鍵詞victim。由此可知答案為C。] 20．G　[本題考查運(yùn)用語(yǔ)境進(jìn)行推斷的能力。本段的內(nèi)容圍繞主題句“You didn’t lose everything.”展開(kāi)。一旦失去了信任，就要將目光放在仍然擁有的一切上面，對(duì)生活中美好的人或事心存感激。通過(guò)這一次的經(jīng)歷，給諒解和自身的成長(zhǎng)提供足夠的空間才是正確的做法。因此答案為G。另外，空格之后的Instead一詞對(duì)解答本題有明顯的提示作用。] Passage 5 體裁：說(shuō)明文　話題：準(zhǔn)備工作　詞數(shù)：180　時(shí)間：6′ 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。 (2015全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady，gradual increases in the length of the runs.__21__，buy the best－fitting，best－built running shoes you can find.No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet，so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop.When you have found shoes that seem right，walk in them for a few days to double－check the fit.__22__．As always，you should stretch(伸展) at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries. During the first week，do not think about distance，but run five minutes longer each day.__23__，it is wise to take a day off to rest.But during the next week，set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run.__24__．After two weeks，start timing yourself.__25__．Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter，you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race. A．After six days B．For a good marathon runner C．Before you begin your training D．With each day，increase the distance by a half mile E．If they still feel good，you can begin running in them F．Time spent for preparation raises the quality of training G．Now you are ready to figure out a goal of improving distance and time 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　這篇短文向讀者介紹了馬拉松訓(xùn)練之前要做的準(zhǔn)備工作，包括跑鞋的挑選和注意事項(xiàng)，也給出了每日訓(xùn)練里程的建議。 21. C　[本題考查綜合分析能力。馬拉松訓(xùn)練需要精心準(zhǔn)備，且要按照循序漸進(jìn)的原則增加跑步里程。而空格之后的購(gòu)買(mǎi)鞋子的事宜也是準(zhǔn)備工作的一部分，需要提前做好。故答案選C。] 22．E　[本題考查聯(lián)系上下文的能力。由上句可知，找到合適的鞋子之后穿上幾天，以確認(rèn)一下是否合適。E項(xiàng)承接這一內(nèi)容，若仍然感覺(jué)舒適，跑步時(shí)就可以穿上。] 23．A　[本題考查聯(lián)系上下文的能力。由“to take a day off to rest”可知，在第一周時(shí)，要留出一天的休息時(shí)間。因此A項(xiàng)與語(yǔ)境相吻合。] 24．D　[本題考查綜合分析能力。前文談?wù)摰氖桥懿嚼锍痰膯?wèn)題，選項(xiàng)D與此相對(duì)應(yīng)。關(guān)鍵詞a half有助于鎖定D項(xiàng)為正確答案。] 25．G　[本題考查運(yùn)用語(yǔ)境進(jìn)行推斷的能力。本段開(kāi)始論述的是前兩周的跑步里程，空格前面一句說(shuō)的是時(shí)間問(wèn)題，而選項(xiàng)G中的distance和time恰好與這兩個(gè)話題相關(guān)聯(lián)。因此答案為G。] 題組二　嘗試模擬 Passage 1 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。 (2016石家莊高三調(diào)研)Learning to set goals plays an important role as your child starts to gain independence.However，setting goals doesn’t come naturally to your child，so helping him to learn the process should probably be one of your goals. Explain the word “goal”. Your child may know what a goal is when it comes to soccer，but he may not understand what it means in everyday life.__1__ Listen to your child. Ideally，you want your child to be able to decide for himself what his goals are.__2__Let him talk about what he thinks he does well and what he thinks he needs to improve.If he’s stuck，you can provide some examples of your own personal goals. Help keep goals achievable. Don’t throw cold water on your child.__3__For example，if your child wants to be a champion swimmer，but can’t swim an entire lap of the pool yet，you can suggest he start by making that his first goal. __4__Help your child write down his goals in an easy－to－follow form.Being able to see and check off the steps on the way to his goal is key in keeping him motivated.A really simple way is to have your child draw a ladder on a piece of paper，writing his goal at the top and each step to that goal on the rungs(梯級(jí))．__5__ A．Change goals every so often. B．Make a visual goal reminder. C．Don’t always tell him what you think. D．He’s climbing to the top as he gets closer to his goal. E．You can take sports as an example to help explain it to him. F．Once he has set up a goal，he may find it very difficult to achieve it. G．When a goal is beyond his reach，help him break it down into smaller pieces. 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文主要介紹了如何幫助孩子設(shè)定自己的目標(biāo)，從而使他們學(xué)會(huì)獨(dú)立。 1．E　[根據(jù)空前的“Your child may know what a goal is when it comes to soccer”可知，通過(guò)拿足球運(yùn)動(dòng)作例子讓孩子明白目標(biāo)的概念，所以選E項(xiàng)。] 2．C　[根據(jù)本段主題句“Listen to your child”和空前的“Ideally，you want your child to be able to decide for himself what his goals are”可知，你不要總是告訴孩子你的想法，要讓孩子自己去決定他的目標(biāo)，所以選C項(xiàng)。] 3．G　[根據(jù)本段主題句“Help keep goals achievable”和空后所舉的例子可推知，父母在孩子的目標(biāo)太大不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的情況下，可以幫助其分解目標(biāo)從而逐步實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)，所以選G項(xiàng)。] 4．B　[根據(jù)空后的“Help your child write down his goals in an easy－to－follow form”可知，確定目標(biāo)之后，要讓孩子把目標(biāo)寫(xiě)下來(lái)，便于提醒和及時(shí)查看，所以選B項(xiàng)。] 5．D　[根據(jù)空前的“A really simple way is to have your child draw a ladder on a piece of paper，writing his goal at the top and each step to that goal on the rungs(梯級(jí))”可知，爬向頂端就意味著離目標(biāo)更近了，所以選D項(xiàng)。] Passage 2 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。 (2016沈陽(yáng)高三質(zhì)檢) Eyes can speak Much meaning can be conveyed clearly with our eyes，so it is often said that eyes can speak. __6__In a bus you may look at a stranger，but not for too long.And if he senses that you are staring at him，he may feel uncomfortable. The same is true in our daily life.If you are stared at for more than necessary，you will look at yourself up and down to see if there is anything wrong with you.__7__Eyes do speak，right? Looking too long at someone may seem to be rude and aggressive.__8__If a man stares at a woman for more than 10 seconds and refuses to look away from her，his intentions are obvious.He wishes to attract her attention and let her know that he is admiring her. However，when two people are engaged in a conversation，the speaker will only look into the listener’s eyes from time to time to make sure that the listener does pay attention to what the former is speaking.__9__If a speaker looks at you continuously when speaking as if trying to control you，you will feel awkward.A poor liar usually exposes himself by looking too long at the victim.He wrongly believes that looking straight in the eye is a sign of honest communication.__10__ Actually，eye contact should be made based on specific relationships and situations. A．On the contrary，it will give him away. B．Do you have such kind of experience? C．That’s what normal eye contact is all about. D．Actually，continuous eye contact is limited to lovers only. E．After all，nobody likes to be stared at for quite a long time. F．But things are different when it comes to staring at the opposite sex. G．If nothing goes wrong，you will feel annoyed at being stared at that way. 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文主要舉例論證了“眼睛能說(shuō)話”這一觀點(diǎn)。 6．B　[根據(jù)空后的“In a bus you may look at a stranger...feel uncomfortable”可知，應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)?？蘸蟮脑捠菍?duì)B項(xiàng)的回答。] 7．G　[根據(jù)空前的“to see if there is anything wrong with you”可知，應(yīng)選G項(xiàng)。G項(xiàng)中的“If nothing goes wrong”是對(duì)上文的承接與呼應(yīng)。] 8．F　[根據(jù)空后的“If a man stares at a woman for more than 10 seconds”可知，應(yīng)選F項(xiàng)。F項(xiàng)中的“when it comes to staring at the opposite sex”引出了下文。] 9．C　[空前的“to make sure that the listener does pay attention to what the former is speaking”與空后的“as if trying to control you”是兩種不同的眼神交流的例子。由“you will feel awkward”可知，空前說(shuō)的是正常的眼神交流。故選C項(xiàng)。] 10．A　[根據(jù)空前的“He wrongly believes that looking...honest communication”可知，應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。A項(xiàng)的it代指“l(fā)ooking straight in the eye”。] Passage 3 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。 (2016福建畢業(yè)班單科檢查)Every scientific field uses the scientific method to conduct experiments.Performing experiments is very important in the field of psychology (心理學(xué))．Before beginning a study，however，any scientist who wishes to perform an experiment should be familiar with the steps of the scientific method.__11__ ◆Form a hypothesis (假設(shè))．It is an educated guess about what will happen during the study.__12__Coming up with a hypothesis before you start can help guide your experiment. ◆Plan out a study.Planning out the experiment is essential because the psychologist needs to know if they have time，materials，and testing areas prepared beforehand.This step also helps the scientists to determine if they will be performing descriptive or experimental research.The ideal situation is to always perform experimental research.__13__ Descriptive research simply collects data regarding the problem and forms a hypothesis according to the data. ◆Collect data.__14__If the data collected is not recorded and organized，the entire efforts of the study may be wasted.The best way to do this may be to record the proceedings so that no details are lost. ◆Analyze the data.Once all the data has been collected and organized，it must be analyzed.Using previous research or scientific information about the problem，the psychologist must apply the new data gathered. ◆Publish the information learned.The final step of the scientific method in psychology is publishing the results of the study.__15__Most psychological experiments are published in scientific journals. A．It is based on scientific facts，not just opinions. B．Read on to find out how to use the scientific method in psychology. C．Before psychologists start the experiment，they must plan out the steps. D．This helps other psychologists to learn about and use the new information. E．The scientific method has proved to be an effective way to conduct research. F．To fully understand the study，each part of the experiment must be recorded. G．Sometimes，however，this is impossible and descriptive research will have to be used. 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要闡明了如何在心理學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)中使用科學(xué)的方法。 11．B　[根據(jù)空前的“the scientific method”可知，選B項(xiàng)，用來(lái)指明如何在心理學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)中使用科學(xué)的方法。] 12．A　[根據(jù)本段第一句“Form a hypothesis(假設(shè))”以及空后的“Coming up with a hypothesis before you start can help guide your experiment”可知，本段主要闡述了心理學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)的第一步：形成一個(gè)假設(shè)，以科學(xué)事實(shí)而不僅僅是觀點(diǎn)為根據(jù)。故A項(xiàng)正確。] 13．G　[空前的“to always perform experimental research”與G項(xiàng)中的“this”相對(duì)應(yīng)；空后的“Descriptive research”與G選項(xiàng)中的“descriptive research”相對(duì)應(yīng)，用以闡明描述性研究的特點(diǎn)，故G項(xiàng)正確。] 14．F　[根據(jù)空后的“If the data collected is not recorded and organized，the entire efforts of the study may be wasted”“record the proceedings”可以判斷，空處闡述的是將數(shù)據(jù)記錄下來(lái)的重要性，故F項(xiàng)正確。] 15．D　[根據(jù)該段首句“Publish the information learned”可知，該段主要闡述將實(shí)驗(yàn)得出的結(jié)論公開(kāi)出版，故選D，這有助于其他心理學(xué)家學(xué)習(xí)和使用新的信息。] Passage 4 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。 (2016鄭州第一次質(zhì)檢)Losing weight is tough.For most people，it requires a change in diet，a change in exercise habits，and a change in attitude.__16__ ?Set healthy goals. If you’re overweight and want to change that，the first steps deciding what your target weight is.__17__ ?Start small. Making major behavior modifications (行為矯正) isn’t something that happens overnight.__18__Commit to eating 5 servings of vegetables a day and exercising 2 days a week for the first week，and then add a little more each week. ?Track your diet and exercise. Now it’s time to start working toward that goal.The best way to stick with your diet and exercise rules is to track it.__19__Or you can do it the old－fashioned way and keep a written food and exercise journal.Find what works for you and write down what you’ve accomplished every day. ?__20__ Every month you should take a look at your goal and see what type of progress you’ve made toward accomplishing it.If you’re not where you want to be，make minor adjustments.Try doing different exercises or cutting back on certain types of foods that you may be eating too much of. Losing weight and keeping it off is a highly personal thing.Find what works for you and stick with it. A．Evaluate and adjust. B．Here’s how you can accomplish all the three. C．You might as well start with your own attitude. D．There are plenty of apps that allow you to do this. E．What steps are you going to take to achieve your goal. F．So start with 1－2 things per week and work up from there. G．Write down your goal and set a date by which you want to accomplish that goal. 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。減肥需要改變飲食習(xí)慣、鍛煉習(xí)慣以及態(tài)度，本文從四個(gè)方面介紹了如何實(shí)現(xiàn)這三個(gè)改變，從而成功減肥。 16．B　[根據(jù)空處的上句“For most people，it requires a change in diet，a change in exercise habits，and a change in attitude”可知，減肥需要改變飲食習(xí)慣、鍛煉習(xí)慣以及態(tài)度；結(jié)合下文各段標(biāo)題可以判斷，B項(xiàng)承上啟下，故選B項(xiàng)。] 17．G　[根據(jù)該段的標(biāo)題“Set healthy goals”可知，該段主要介紹了設(shè)定正常合理的目標(biāo)；據(jù)此可知G項(xiàng)符合文意。] 18．F　[根據(jù)該段標(biāo)題“Start small”可知，該段主要介紹從小處起步；結(jié)合空處的下句可知，該句介紹了第一周改變的兩個(gè)習(xí)慣，并且每周增加要改變的一些習(xí)慣；據(jù)此可以判斷F項(xiàng)符合文意。] 19．D　[根據(jù)該段標(biāo)題“Track your diet