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課時02 閱讀理解-推理判斷題 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A Earlier this week， I wrapped up (圓滿完成) a 5day trip in San Francisco. I woke up a few hours before sunrise， drove through the darkness and out of the city， hiked for 30 minutes to the top of a hill overlooking the Golden Gate Bridge， and snapped (拍攝) this photo. As I stood there soaking in the early morning light， I was reminded of an important lesson. When I arrived in San Francisco， I told myself， “Just take photos as you do other things.” My primary goal was to meet with friends and so I figured I could take pictures as we walked around the city. This resulted in exactly zero photos worth sharing. I had vague ideas like， “Id like to do some street photography，” but I never went out with the intent of photographing something specific. Finally， on the last morning， I went out with the intent of capturing a specific picture and I ended up with something worth sharing. My mistake was that I assumed that because I wanted to take photos， I would end up getting a desirable result. How often do you do this in your own life？ We go to the gym to “work out” without trying to become better at something specific. We wish that we were more creative， but never work on a particular project. When you commit to a task， however， then the next step is obvious. You want to take a picture of the Golden Gate Bridge at sunrise？ Next step： find a good spot. Youve found a good spot？ Next step： wake up early and drive there. This is perhaps the most shocking thing： if box yourself in， then youll begin to break out and achieve something greater than you ever imagined. [語篇解讀]　本文為夾敘夾議文。作者去舊金山看日出時突然悟出人生真諦：任務(wù)要具體，目標(biāo)要明確，才會有結(jié)果。 1.Whats the authors original purpose of the trip？ A.To take pictures.　　　　 B.To attend lessons. C.To visit friends. D.To enjoy sunrise. 解析：考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。由第二段中的“My primary goal was to meet with friends”可知作者來舊金山的最初目的就是訪友。 答案：C 2.What lesson did the author learn？ A.A given task leads to achievement. B.Stick to your own decision. C.Get ready for challenges. D.Hard work pays off. 解析：考查推理判斷。由第一段末尾可知作者這次旅行感觸頗深，再結(jié)合倒數(shù)第二段中的“something specific”“a particular project”和“When you commit to a task，however，then the next step is obvious. You want to take a picture of the Golden Gate Bridge at sunrise？ Next step： find a good spot.Youve found a good spot？ Next step：wake up early and drive there”可知作者收獲的感悟是任務(wù)要具體，目標(biāo)要明確，才會有結(jié)果。 答案：A 3.What are you advised to do first when you want to get stronger physically？ A.Make a detailed outline. B.Go to work out immediately. C.Discuss the ways with coaches. D.Choose a certain muscle group. 解析：考查推理判斷。由第二段中的“I had vague ideas”，再結(jié)合第三段的內(nèi)容，尤其是“without trying to become better at something specific”和“When you commit to a task，however，then the next step is obvious”可知只有任務(wù)具體了，方向才能明確，四個選項中只有D項是一個具體的任務(wù)，且是首先應(yīng)做的。 答案：D 4.Whats the function of the last paragraph？ A.To introduce a new topic. B.To draw a conclusion. C.To make a suggestion. D.To ask readers to reflect on something. 解析：考查推理判斷。由最后一段的內(nèi)容，尤其是“if box yourself in，then youll begin to break out and achieve something greater than you ever imagined”可知，最后一段點明了文章的主題，對上文內(nèi)容做出了總結(jié)。故選B。 答案：B B For the Travel section， writers and editors selected special items to profile from a dozen cities. Brussels： Chocolate Nearly half the chocolate consumed in the world is eaten in Europe， and Belgium—with average consumption of 14.99 pounds per person a year—certainly covers its fair share. While Brussels， the countrys capital， is home to hundreds of chocolate makers， what makes a visit necessary is the rich heritage of traditional chocolate makers. Budapest： Paprika(紅辣椒) The job of preparing Hungarian paprika was once considered too dangerous for mothers to do. A woman who touched her children upon returning from work risked burning them， so only the elderly and unmarried were allowed the delicate task of separating the skin from the flesh. But by the early 20th century， sweeter varieties and a machine turned paprika into a common feature of all Hungarian cuisine. Lisbon： Tiles (瓷磚) Is there a bluer country than Portugal？ The blue sky and Atlantic Ocean embrace the land. The blue moods of Fado， the dark folk music， form the national soundtrack. And all across Portugal， the typically blue designs of azulejos—ceramic tiles—are spread across churches， castles， palaces， university halls， parks... The result is a beautiful land of Christian saints， Portuguese kings， historical glories， aristocrats(貴族) at leisure， seascapes and so on. Madrid： Guitars Walking into one of Madrids storied guitar makers workshops can feel like stepping into the past. Curly wood shavings， from the palest pine to ebony， fall onto the floor as artisans(工匠) turn some humble wood into works of art. Its painstaking work—all done by hand—with classical guitar models and the methods of making them changing little over the last century. [語篇解讀]　本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了歐洲四個城市獨具特色的傳統(tǒng)珍寶。 5.What does the job of preparing Hungarian paprika suggest？ A.The popularity of Hungarian peppers. B.The difficulty of processing peppers. C.The unique tradition in Budapest. D.The hot level of Hungarian peppers. 解析：考查推理判斷。由Budapest：Paprika(紅辣椒)部分中的內(nèi)容可知，處理布達(dá)佩斯的紅辣椒曾被認(rèn)為對媽媽來說很危險，如果剛工作完回家的女人摸了自己的孩子，那就可能灼傷孩子，因而只有年長者和未婚者才被允許做分離紅辣椒表皮與果肉的細(xì)活。由此可推知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)了布達(dá)佩斯紅辣椒辣的程度。 答案：D 6.Which city can be a splendid setting for a film？ A.Brussels. B.Budapest. C.Lisbon. D.Madrid. 解析：考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。通讀文章可知，只有Lisbon：Tiles(瓷磚)部分詳細(xì)描述了因為瓷磚而變得美輪美奐的城市，故C項符合題干要求。 答案：C 7.Whats the similarity of the four items？ A.Theyre all treasures of a city. B.They all date back several centuries. C.Their production processes are all painstaking. D.They all win popularity in most European countries. 解析：考查推理判斷。本文分別介紹了布魯塞爾的巧克力、布達(dá)佩斯的紅辣椒、里斯本的瓷磚和馬德里的吉他，每一樣?xùn)|西都是這個城市獨特的珍寶，故A項正確。 答案：A Ⅱ.完形填空 Volunteering abroad comes with a bit of a social stigma(恥辱). From my __1__， this couldnt be further from the truth. Volunteering isnt so expensive that its only a __2__ for the welloff. I spent 10 weeks volunteering in Arizona with America Conservation Experience(ACE)， helping __3__ Americas natural beauty. The __4__ was arranged through BUNAC， a work and volunteer organization. __5__ it cost me around $1，000—a sum which I __6__ mostly by working parttime. The selfindulgent(放縱自己的) image is __7__ to overseas volunteer projects. However， the work can be __8__. I spent my time maintaining trails， building fences and carrying out projects in some of the national monuments of America. Summer temperatures in Arizona stay well above 35℃， __9__ pleasant if youre carrying 50kg of concrete for 10 hours at a time. And then there was the wildlife to deal with， which __10__ my strength of character and made my __11__ of the English household spider disappear. __12__ do most people volunteer for？ Probably they want to __13__ things to the world. But in reality， you __14__ just as much as the local communities and ecosystems youre helping. Spending 10 weeks in Americas most beautiful national parks and forests was __15__. I gained a far deeper __16__ of the local environment than the average tourist， __17__ exnational park rangers (護(hù)林者) who knew __18__ of the areas history and ecosystem. But best of all， my 10 weeks were spent volunteering with young people from a mix of __19__—from Belgians to South Koreans. When I left Arizona， I returned home having made a lifelong __20__ with people from around the world. [語篇解讀]　這是一篇記敘文，講述了作者去美國亞利桑那州當(dāng)志愿者的經(jīng)歷。雖然飽含辛酸卻也讓作者收獲良多，作者不僅了解了當(dāng)?shù)氐沫h(huán)境，還與來自世界各地的人建立了一生的聯(lián)系。 1.A.aspect B.experience C.impression D.observation 解析：下文介紹了作者去美國亞利桑那州做志愿者的經(jīng)歷，故這里說的是“從我的經(jīng)歷來看，這個說法絕非事實”。far from“遠(yuǎn)非”。 答案：B 2.A.choice B.dream C.habit D.destination 解析：下文提到“it cost me around $1，000... by working parttime”，故這里應(yīng)是指做志愿者并非如此昂貴以至于它只能是富人的選擇(choice)，即普通人也可以參與。 答案：A 3.A.explore B.develop C.preserve D.find 解析：根據(jù)下文的“maintaining trails，building fences and carrying out projects...”“exnational park rangers(護(hù)林者)”可知，作者應(yīng)是在美國的亞利桑那州保護(hù)大自然的美。preserve“保護(hù)”。 答案：C 4.A.trip B.fund C.organization D.conference 解析：根據(jù)下文的“Spending 10 weeks in Americas most beautiful national parks and forests”可知，作者去了美國亞利桑那州的國家公園和森林，這是一個trip“行程”。 答案：A 5.A.In other words B.As a result C.In all D.On average 解析：這個行程總共花費(fèi)了作者約1 000美元，這筆錢大部分是作者通過做兼職來支付的。in all“總共”。 答案：C 6.A.awarded B.sponsored C.invested D.covered 解析：參見上題解析。cover意為“足以支付”。 答案：D 7.A.similar B.equal C.relevant D.close 解析：放縱自己的形象和海外志愿者項目緊緊相連。be relevant to“與……相關(guān)”。 答案：C 8.A.easygoing B.hardgoing C.interesting D.instructive 解析：根據(jù)本句中的轉(zhuǎn)折詞“However”和上文提到的“放縱自己的形象和海外志愿者項目緊緊相連”可知，此處指然而，這種工作有時會很艱難(hardgoing)。下文的敘述也描述了志愿者工作的艱難。 答案：B 9.A.still B.never C.yet D.even 解析：上文提到“亞利桑那州夏天的氣溫遠(yuǎn)高于35攝氏度”，故此處指如果你還要每次搬10小時50公斤重的混凝土的話，這樣的氣溫決不宜人。此處要用never表示否定。 答案：B 10.A.enriched B.challenged C.improved D.affected 解析：根據(jù)上文中的“And then there was the wildlife to deal with”可知，和野生動物打交道讓作者的性格變得堅強(qiáng)，還消除了作者對英國家庭中會出現(xiàn)的蜘蛛的恐懼。improve“提高，改善”。 答案：C 11.A.fear B.curiosity C.frustration D.dislike 解析：參見上題解析。fear“恐懼”。 答案：A 12.A.Why B.How C.Who D.What 解析：根據(jù)下文中的“Probably they want to __13__ things to the world”可知，此處指為什么大部分人做志愿者呢。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在句中作for的賓語，且此處指“為了什么”，故選What。 答案：D 13.A.take out B.give back C.make up D.bring in 解析：許多人參加志愿者活動是想回饋世界，做一些力所能及的事。give back“回饋”。 答案：B 14.A.succeed B.remember C.learn D.benefit 解析：根據(jù)空后的“just as much as the local communities and ecosystems youre helping”可知選benefit“受益”。此處指，但實際上，你在做志愿者的同時也獲益匪淺，如同你幫助的當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)一樣。 答案：D 15.A.unreal B.unbearable C.unbelievable D.unforgettable 解析：上下文中都提到了作者從事的志愿者活動給他帶來的好處，故此處指這是一次難忘的(unforgettable)經(jīng)歷。 答案：D 16.A.meaning B.appreciation C.understanding D.commitment 解析：比起一般的游客，作者對當(dāng)?shù)氐沫h(huán)境有了更深刻的理解 (understanding)。下文的“park rangers(護(hù)林者) who knew __18__ of the areas history and ecosystem”是提示。 答案：C 17.A.interviewing B.meeting C.inviting D.recording 解析：作者在從事志愿者活動時遇見(meeting)了以前的國家公園護(hù)林者，他們非常了解這個地區(qū)的歷史和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。 答案：B 18.A.perfectly B.partly C.naturally D.vividly 解析：參見上題解析。know perfectly of...“非常了解……”。 答案：A 19.A.origins B.platforms C.cultures D.schools 解析：根據(jù)下文中的“from Belgians to South Koreans”可知，此處指最有益的是，這10周作者和來自不同文化(cultures)的年輕人一起度過。 答案：C 20.A.campaign B.promise C.contest D.bond 解析：前面提到“But best of all， my 10 weeks were spent volunteering with young people”，故這里指作者離開亞利桑那州回到家時，已經(jīng)和來自全世界的人建立了一生的聯(lián)系(bond)。 答案：D