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組合練1　閱讀理解＋“七選五” Ⅰ.閱讀理解 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項。 A (2016北京海淀模擬) Twelve years ago，I arrived in Central Florida from Puerto Rico.I had heard of a job opportunity and decided to pursue it.But it never became a reality.I quickly learned that being alone without resources in an unfamiliar city was not a comfortable situation to be in. Once my limited funds ran out I became homeless and spent a year and a half living on the streets of Orlando.Apart from feeling not being noticed and missing my family，I had to face another challenge—hunger. For the first time in my life，I，as a foreign man，who had lived my life in the relative comfort of the middle class，understood the desperation someone feels when they dont get enough to eat.I clearly remembered having run a distance of more than 7 miles on many occasions just to make it to a local feeding programme before they closed at 7 pm. Once the need for food was met，the next challenge would arise—where to find a place to sleep for the night.Fortunately，local programmes like the Coalition for the Homeless，Second Harvest Food Bank and the Wayne Densch Centre were an important part of my ability to survive my painful experience. With the assistance of these programmes，I was accepted by a college scholarship programme through the Coalition and obtained two degrees from Valencia. My experience has helped me understand that devoting my life to helping others offers lasting rewards.Today，I am employed as Childhood Hunger Programmes Manager at Second Harvest Food Bank and oversees the summer feeding，Hi－Five Kids Pack，and Kids Caf programmes.I am also proud to be able to distribute (分配) food resources to those wonderful programmes and help hundreds more like me. 【語篇解讀】　本文為記敘文，講述了作者在陌生的地方的經歷與感受。 1．What can be inferred from Paragraph 1? A．It was impossible for the author to get a job then. B．Many local people were out of work in Florida. C．Florida was not a good place for people living there. D．The author rejected many chances to get a job in Florida. 解析：推理判斷題。通讀第一段可知作者孤身一人來到一座陌生的城市，又沒有資源，因此對他來說得到一份工作幾乎是不可能的。 答案：A 2．Why did the author run a distance of over 7 miles on many occasions? A．Because he didnt want to be late for work there. B．Because he desired to get some free food to eat. C．Because he went there to give his hand to the poor. D．Because he helped distribute food resources to the poor. 解析：事實細節(jié)題。根據第三段倒數第一句可知作者是去尋求免費的食物，故選B項。 答案：B 3．Before being accepted by a college scholarship programme，the author ________． A．had lived with his relatives happily B．had won his degree in a university C．had been struggling financially D．had lost hope of facing the future 解析：事實細節(jié)題。根據前四段的內容可知，當時作者很缺錢，故選C項。 答案：C 4．From his experience，the author learned that ________． A．misfortune may be an actual blessing B．a friend in need is a friend indeed C．where there is a will there is a way D．one good turn deserves another 解析：推理判斷題。由最后一段的內容可推斷出選D項(要以德報德)。 答案：D B(導學號59430081) Even if trees cannot walk，they are still on the move. In parts of the Arctic，entire forests are moving northward . Across the Arctic，temperatures are rising faster than anywhere else in the world.As that happens，the tree line that marks where forests stop and the treeless tundra (凍原) starts has been shifting northward.Trees growing along the tree line must protect themselves from the cold wind.To do this，plants tend to grow horizontal (水平的) branches low to the ground.The energy it takes for trees to grow this way means they dont have enough energy to make seeds. But as Earths climate has been warming，trees no longer have to just grow horizontally.Many can instead grow up toward the sky.This takes less energy.And with all that leftover energy，these trees have started producing more seeds.This happens especially in places where white spruce (白云杉) grows. White spruce，which is a North American tree，is quite able to produce a lot of seeds，which can move long distances in the wind.When wind－blown seeds end up on the tundra beyond the tree line，they eventually can sprout (發(fā)芽) new trees.This explains how a forest can move.Of course，the process would work only if the tundra were warm enough.But in recent years，the whole planet has been warming. New trees will provide shelters for some snow.Keeping the suns rays from making the white surface disappear.Instead，the trees absorb the suns heat.This warms the surrounding air.The extra warmth encourages even more trees to produce seeds.That further boosts a forests ability to expand.In addition，more trees will trap more snow，preventing much of it from being blown away. Snow can trap heat in the soil below，which encourages trees to grow.The recent rise of temperatures has helped more trees grow past the tree line.People worry about impacts on the animals that depend on frozen conditions for food and shelter. 【語篇解讀】　本文主要研究的是氣候變暖對北極圈植物的影響。 5．What is the main cause of the trees in the Arctic moving northward? A．The shrinking of northern tundra. B．The rising temperature. C．The fierce and cold wind. D．The abundant resources in the north. 解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段的第二句“Across the Arctic，temperatures are rising faster than anywhere else in the world”以及本段的整體內容可知，不斷上升的氣溫是北極圈樹木北移的主要原因，即B項正確。 答案：B 6．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．To produce more seeds. B．To move northward. C．To respond to the climate change. D．To protect themselves from the cold wind. 解析：代詞指代題。根據畫線詞前的“Trees growing along the tree line must protect themselves from the cold wind”可知，畫線詞this指代的是本句中的“protect themselves from the cold wind”，即D項正確。 答案：D 7．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．New trees can trap the snow，which may make the soil colder. B．The trapped snow prevents new trees from producing more seeds. C．New trees can make the surrounding air warmer. D．New trees can bring more food and shelter to local animals. 解析：推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“New trees will provide shelters for some snow.Keeping the suns rays from making the white surface disappear.Instead，the trees absorb the suns heat.This warms the surrounding air”可推知，新樹會讓周圍的空氣更加溫暖，即C項正確。 答案：C 8．The passage is most probably taken from ________． A．a science report B．a health report C．a fashion magazine D．a childrens magazine 解析：文章出處題。根據文章的整體內容可推知，本文主要研究的是氣候變暖對北極圈植物的影響，故該文應選自科研報告，即A項正確。 答案：A C(導學號59430082) (2016安徽馬鞍山高三聯考) At present，specialization has become an increasingly important factor in a great many careers. You find these careers in engineering，in production，in statistical work，and in teaching.But there is an increasing demand for people who are able to take in a great area at a glance，but perhaps do not know too much about any field.There is，in other words，a demand for people who are capable of seeing the forest rather than the trees，of making general judgments.We can call these people “generalists”．And these “generalists” are particularly needed for positions in administration，where it is their job to see that other people do the work，and where they have to plan for other people，to organize other peoples work，and to begin it and judge it. The specialist understands one field; his concern is with technique and tools.He is a “trained” man，and his educational background is properly technical or professional.The generalists and especially the administrators deal with people; his concern is with leadership，with planning，and with direction－giving.He is an “educated”man，and the humanities are his strongest foundation. Very rarely is a specialist capable of being an administrator.And very rarely is a good generalist also a good specialist in a particular field.Any organization needs both kinds of people，though different organizations need them in different proportions.It is your task to find out，during your training period，into which of the two kinds of jobs you fit，and to plan your career accordingly. Your first job may turn out to be the right job for you but this is pure accident.Certainly you should not change jobs constantly or people will become suspicious of your ability to hold any job.At the same time，you must not look upon the first job as the final job；it is primarily a training job，an opportunity to understand yourself and your fitness for being an employee. 【語篇解讀】　本文為說明文。文章主要介紹了當前就業(yè)市場所需要的兩種人才，即專業(yè)人才和全能人才。同時告訴讀者不要把第一份工作作為一輩子都會做的工作，那只是一份用來對你進行培訓的工作，只是一個讓你了解自己及你所適合的工作的機會。 9．Nowadays，there is an increasing demand for ________． A．people whose educational background is either technical or professional B．people whose job is to organize other peoples work C．all－round people in their own fields D．specialists whose chief concern is to provide administrative guidance to others 解析：事實細節(jié)題。由第一段第三句話及下文的進一步說明并結合段尾處的“to organize other peoples work”可知答案選B項。 答案：B 10．The administrator is ________． A．a “trained” man who is more a specialist than a generalist B．a man who sees the trees as well as the forest C．a man who is an “educated” specialist D．a man who is very strong in the humanities 解析：事實細節(jié)題。結合第二段第三、四句的內容可知答案選D項。 答案：D 11．During your training period，it is important ________． A．to try to be a generalist B．to choose a profitable job C．to find an organization which fits you D．to decide whether you are fit to be a specialist or a generalist 解析：事實細節(jié)題。根據第二段最后一句“It is your task to find out，during_your_training_period，into which of the two kinds of jobs you fit，and to plan your career accordingly.”可知答案為D項。 答案：D D It doesnt look like the heart of a green revolution.The huge chimneys stick up above the line of pine trees and dont make for the most scenic view as you wander around the clear blue waters of the nearby lake. But it is this power plant that has helped the small Swedish city of Vaxjo become arguably the greenest place in Europe.On closer observation，the only thing emerging from the chimneys is the faintest mists of steam.And inside it smells more like a sauna (桑拿) than a furnace (爐子)．Thats because it is not oil fuelling the plant，but wood chip and other wood waste from the areas sawmills.And as well as generating electricity，it also supplies 90 percent of this southern Swedish town with heating and hot water. The gases produced as the wood burns are changed into liquid form，and are purified before they reach the chimney.And instead of wasting this liquid，the power plant pumps it around town.Some runs out of the towns public taps; the rest is directed through pipes that run through individual heaters，warming homes and offices. The pile of wood chipping in the yard towers above head height and takes almost five minutes to walk around.Thats enough to keep Vaxjo warm on the snowiest days in winter，or supply it with hot water for a fortnight in summer，and its a good way of using the paper industrys waste.As well as the centuries－old Swedish policy of planting a new tree for every one felled，the ashes swept out of the furnace each day find their way back to the forest as fertilizer (肥料)． It was this green plant that netted Vaxjo the European Unions award for sustainable (可持續(xù)的) development，making it the greenest city on the continent. However，it is not just the citizens consciences and moral histories to which the towns current－day authorities are appealing. They know how to talk to their wallets too.Oil－generated electricity costs about 16，000 kronor (￡1，170) a year per person，while the new power plants electricity comes in at two thirds of the price. Theyve been planning for over ten years to become a “Fossil Fuel Free City”．But according to Anders Franzen，the head of planning and development department at the city council，“The battle in the energy sector has been won，yes，but the next battleground is transport.” 【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了一家發(fā)電廠使瑞典的一個小城鎮(zhèn)成為“綠色之地”。 12．Whats the main reason for “inside it smells more like a sauna than a furnace”？ A．It is surrounded by pine trees. B．It produces lots of hot water. C．It is fuelled by wood chip and wood waste. D．It sends out the smoke from the chimneys. 解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第二段第四句“Thats because it is not oil fuelling the plant，but wood chip and other wood waste from the areas sawmills.”可知，這是因為用木屑和木材廢料做燃料。 答案：C 13．It can be concluded from the passage that the power plant ________． A．promotes tree planting B．makes full use of waste C．relies heavily on paper industry D．mainly supplies hot water and heating 解析：推理判斷題。根據文章第二至四段內容可知，發(fā)電廠充分利用廢料。 答案：B 14．What impresses the towns current－day authorities most? A．The citizens consciences. B．The towns moral histories. C．The lower cost of electricity. D．The award for sustainable development. 解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第六段第三句“Oil－generated electricity costs about 16，000 kronor (￡1，170) a year per person，while the new power plants electricity comes in at two thirds of the price.”可知，電力成本低給這個城鎮(zhèn)現在的管理者留下了深刻的印象。 答案：C 15．What Anders Franzen said in the last paragraph indicates that ________． A．they will continue their effort in green plan B．they have great difficulty in transport C．they have no room for further development D．they are perfectly content with the achievement 解析：推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段安德斯弗倫岑說的話可知，他們下一步會在運輸方面進行綠色革命；由此可推知，他們將在綠色計劃方面繼續(xù)努力。 答案：A Ⅱ.“七選五”閱讀 根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。 (2016甘肅省高考診斷考試)We all have our favou－ rite teachers—those who treat us equally.But what about those teachers we dont know as well (for even dont like much)? You can do lots of things to get a relation with your teacher. First，do the following: __16__ Complete all homework on time.Be attentive，be respectful，and ask questions.__17__ Obviously，your teachers are really interested in their subjects or they wouldnt have decided to teach them! Show the teacher that you care，even if youre not good at math or fluent in French—send the message that you are a dedicated student. You can also schedule a private meeting during a teachers free period.__18__ You can ask questions，inquire about a career in the subject，or talk about your progress in class.You may be surprised to learn that your teacher is a bit more relaxed one on one than when lecturing in front of the whole class. However，here are some things to avoid when trying to establish a relationship with your teacher： 1．__19__ Teachers sense when your only motivation is to get special treatment，a college reference，or a job suggestion. 2．Trying to be teachers pet.You just attract the teachers attention on purpose and your classmates may start to hate you. 3．__20__ Its OK to offer a small sign of thanks to teachers if theyve been helpful to you.But a teacher is usually not allowed to accept the wrong message，and a teacher is usually not allowed to accept anything expensive. A．Giving expensive gifts. B．Show up for class on time. C．Not being sincere. D．Find the practical value in classes. E．Use this time to get extra help. F．Show an interest in the subject. G．Get along better with your teachers. 答案：16.B　17.F　18.E　19.C　20.A