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Module 4 Sandstorms in Asia Ⅰ.單句語法填空 1．(2016浙江模擬)Everybody should be aware of his ____________(strong) and weakness so that we can work better as a team. 答案：strength 2．(2016湖北名校聯(lián)考)—Did you take ____________ the speech the visiting scholar made yesterday? —Not really.He spoke with an Australian accent and a bit too fast for me. 答案：in 3．—Have you got any particular plans for the coming winter vacation? —Yes.____________ possible，I’m going to visit my grandparents. 答案：If 4．The factory cut____________the trees without the agreement of the government. 答案：down 5．____________(concern) about the student，the teacher called his parents to find out why he was so often absent from class. 答案：Concerned 6．It is ____________(evidence) to all of you that he has made a mistake. 答案：evident 7．(2016天津五區(qū)縣期末)When the streets are full of melting snow，you can’t help ____________ get your shoes wet. 答案：but 8．He ____________(catch) in the rain and got wet through last night. 答案：was caught 9．(2016安徽重點中學(xué)檢測)The guests made a ____________(complain) that the fish was too small. 答案：complaint 10．Look ____________ magazines to find pictures that you can stick on your poster. 答案：through Ⅱ.閱讀理解 A (2016豫北、豫東十所名校聯(lián)考)The way we cook is important.In many countries，the two choices are natural gas and electricpowered stoves. The World Health Organization warns that millions of people are dying every year from indoor air pollution which results from the use of dangerous fuels and cookstoves in the home.Most of the deaths are in developing countries.To help fight the problem，the WHO announced new guidelines aimed at reducing household pollutants. The WHO’s plan of action for reducing indoor pollutants is based on new findings，which show that the use of toxic(有毒的)fuels in inefficient stoves，space heaters or lights is to blame for many of these deaths. Carlos Dora，an official in the WHO，says people should not use unprocessed coal indoors.He says，“Opening a window or door to let out the harmful air will not correct the situation.It will only pollute the outdoors.You can’t expect that a bit of ventilation(通風(fēng)) is going to get rid of this. It is really about clean technologies and clean fuels.And，the fuel store has not been stressed enough so far in the global debate.So，that is the new thing.We should be going for clean fuels，avoiding coal and going for the solar.” WHO officials say indoor pollution leads to early deaths from stroke，heart and lung disease and childhood lung cancer.These diseases can often result from high levels of fine particulate matter and carbon monoxide(一氧化碳) released by the burning of solid fuels.These fuels include wood，coal，animal waste，crop waste and charcoal.Women and girls are the main victims. The United Nations found that more than 95 percent of households in subSaharan Africa depend on solid fuels for cooking.It says huge populations in India，China and Latin American countries，such as Guatemala and Peru，are also at risk. WHO experts note some new，safe and lowcost technologies that could help are already available.But this is just a start.They are urging developing countries to use cleaner fuels and increase access to cleaner and more modern cooking and heating appliances. 【文章大意】　本文是一篇科普說明文。在室內(nèi)使用固體燃料會使室內(nèi)一氧化碳濃度升高，從而導(dǎo)致中毒死亡。為解決此問題，世界衛(wèi)生組織建議在發(fā)展中國家增加使用更清潔、更現(xiàn)代化的烹飪和加熱設(shè)備。 1．The reason for indoor air pollution is ________． A．still unknown B．the use of solar energy C．the use of dangerous fuels and cookstoves D．the frequent use of fuels in efficient stoves C　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“The World Health Organization warns that millions of people are dying every year from indoor air pollution which results from the use of dangerous fuels and cookstoves in the home.”可知，世界衛(wèi)生組織警告說，每年有成千上萬的人死于家里使用的危險燃料和烹調(diào)爐引起的室內(nèi)空氣污染。故C項正確。 2．Who may be the least affected by indoor air pollution? A．Children in China. B．Men in Europe. C．Girls in subSaharan Africa. D．Women in Latin American countries. B　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Most of the deaths are in developing countries.”可知，絕大部分的死亡事故發(fā)生在發(fā)展中國家；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句“It says huge populations in India，China and Latin American countries...are also at risk.”可知，印度、中國以及拉丁美洲的一些國家污染嚴重；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段最后一句可知，女性是主要受害者，由此可推知，歐洲男子最不容易因室內(nèi)空氣污染而死亡。故B項正確；A、C、D三項都屬于發(fā)展中國家的人，這些地區(qū)污染嚴重，故最可能因此而死亡。 3．Solutions to the indoor air pollution problem include ________． ①going for animal waste and coal ②using clean fuels ③increasing access to cleaner and more modern cooking and heating appliances ④opening a window or door to let out the harmful air A．①④　　　　　　　　B．①③ C．②③ D．②④ C　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)本文最后一句中的“to use cleaner fuels and increase access to cleaner and more modern cooking and heating appliances”可知，增加使用更清潔、更現(xiàn)代化的烹飪和加熱設(shè)備是解決問題的方法之一，故②、③正確；根據(jù)第五段最后兩句可知，室內(nèi)污染主要來自于固體燃料的使用而導(dǎo)致的室內(nèi)一氧化碳濃度升高，這些固體燃料包括煤炭，動物排泄物，木頭等，所以①不在范圍內(nèi)；根據(jù)第四段第二句可知④不正確。故C項正確。 4．What’s the main idea of this passage? A．Health is very important to people in developing countries. B．People in developing countries are dying from air pollution. C．People in developing countries know too little about science and technology. D．Proper cooking ways help reduce the deaths in developing countries. D　解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“The way we cook is important.”及第二段最后一句“To help fight the problem，the WHO announced new guidelines aimed at reducing household pollutants.”并結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要說明了正確的烹飪方法將減輕發(fā)展中國家的室內(nèi)污染，從而減少死亡事故的發(fā)生。故D項正確。 B (2016聊城高三模擬)Using technology in the classroom can produce unbelievable results，but for notetaking，it_may_pay_to_keep_it_oldschool and stick with pen and paper.Students who take notes by hand appear to process information more deeply than those who take notes on a laptop or an iPad and other technological appliances，according to a study published this year in Psychological Science. Using the new fashionable method generally produces more raw notes.But students using laptops tend to do worse than notetakers by hand when answering conceptual(概念的) questions about the material. Researchers from Princeton and UCLA conducted several experiments with college students watching some video lectures.In one experiment，notetakers by hand wrote down fewer words than those typing on laptops.But the two groups performed about the same when answering factual questions about the lecture material，and students who wrote longhand(普通書寫) did much better than laptop notetakers on conceptual questions. What gives? Students using laptops tended to write what they heard word by word rather than processing the information；that resulted in a sort of“shallower(淺薄)”learning，the researchers say. In a second experiment，students taking notes on laptops were told not to write down what they heard word for word.It didn’t help；in spite of the instructions，they still took notes word by word and they still did worse on conceptual questions than those taking notes by hand. In a third experiment，students were able to briefly study their notes before answering questions asked a week after the lecture.Those reviewing their longhand notes did far better than students reviewing their typed notes. A student named Jerry from the experiment said，“The study is right，and we have to think about what was said to take the notes because I could not write down every word.I even developed complex letter symbols to help.To study for tests，I went over and underlined key points to reinforce them.The process helped me understand the lectures better.” 【文章大意】　本文是一篇議論文。主要論述了鋼筆做筆記優(yōu)于筆記本電腦，建議堅持使用我們的鋼筆做筆記。 5．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A．It is necessary to take notes on a laptop or an iPad. B．It is not worthwhile to take notes with pen and paper. C．It needs much money to go to schools with a long history. D．It may bring good results to use the traditional notetaking style. D　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的but以及下文可知使用傳統(tǒng)的記筆記的方式學(xué)習(xí)可能效果會更好。故選D。 6．Compared with those using pen，the students using laptops learn worse because they________． A．write down fewer words B．remember information word by word C．don’t process and sort out information D．don’t review their notes after class at all C　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段第三句話on conceptual questions方面的問題以及第四段第二句可推斷使用筆記本電腦做筆記的學(xué)生學(xué)得更糟糕是因為他們不能將問題分類和加工。故選C。 7．From the last paragraph we know that Jerry is________． A．a(chǎn)gainst the study and its result B．good at processing information C．weak at remembering knowledge D．excellent at inventing letter symbols B　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第一、二句Jerry所說的話可知，Jerry善于加工和理解信息。故選B。 8．What is the best title for the passage? A．Take notes word by word from now on B．Keep on using our pens and paper now C．The pen is losing to the keyboard D．The laptop is helping to learn well B　解析：主旨大意題。A.從現(xiàn)在開始逐個單詞做筆記；B.現(xiàn)在堅持使用我們的鋼筆和紙；C.鋼筆在輸給鍵盤；D.筆記本電腦幫助學(xué)習(xí)得更好。通讀全文，并根據(jù)文章三次的實驗結(jié)果和最后一段Jerry所說的話都告訴我們該文主要講述的就是堅持使用我們的鋼筆做筆記。故選B。 Ⅲ.七選五 (2016濟南模擬)You think you know your dog.1.________ She probably recognizes you when she sees you.But can a dog tell by simply looking at you whether you have a happy or an angry expression on your face? Researchers in Austria have taught pet dogs to know the difference. 2．________ When dog owners shout or speak in a strong，sharp voice，dogs often act guilty and quietly move away from the area. Recently，researchers found that dogs can look at our faces，and tell the difference between a smile and a frown.The animals were able to recognize a look of approval from one of disapproval. Researchers at the University of Veterinary Medicine performed a series of experiments.3.________ They showed the dogs two pictures of either the upper or lower half of a person’s face.On one picture，the person looked happy.The other appeared angry.The dogs were then shown images of the eyes or mouths of people they had never seen before. 4．________ Once the dogs learned to recognize which image was happy or angry，they could easily identify the same expressions in pictures of any face.Future studies will try to show whether dogs can learn the meaning of facial expressions. 5.________ The researchers’ findings were published in the journal Current Biology.They provide the first solid evidence that humans are not the only species that can read the body language of another species. A．Dogs are very aware of sound. B．Dogs have feelings just as you do. C．But how well does your dog know you? D．They were also shown the left half of the faces used in training. E．Some dogs are very unhappy when they are left alone for a long time. F．They taught dogs to recognize facial expressions. G．For example，whether a frown shows that someone is angry. 答案：1～5.CAFDG