【機(jī)械類畢業(yè)論文中英文對(duì)照文獻(xiàn)翻譯】MDL-50A型錨固鉆機(jī)使用說(shuō)明書【word英文4507字12頁(yè)word中文翻譯6171字9頁(yè)】,機(jī)械類畢業(yè)論文中英文對(duì)照文獻(xiàn)翻譯,word英文4507字12頁(yè),word中文翻譯6171字9頁(yè),機(jī)械類,畢業(yè)論文,中英文,對(duì)照,對(duì)比,比照,文獻(xiàn),翻譯,mdl,50,錨固,鉆機(jī),使用,說(shuō)明書,仿單,word MDL-50A型錨固鉆機(jī)使用說(shuō)明書 MDL-50A型錨固鉆機(jī)使用說(shuō)明書 中國(guó)是世界上機(jī)械發(fā)展最早的國(guó)家之一。中國(guó)的機(jī)械工程技術(shù)不但歷史悠久，而且成就十分輝煌，不僅對(duì)中國(guó)的物質(zhì)文化和社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展起到了重要的促進(jìn)作用，而且對(duì)世界技術(shù)文明的進(jìn)步做出了重大貢獻(xiàn)。傳統(tǒng)機(jī)械方面，我國(guó)在很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)期內(nèi)都領(lǐng)先于世界。到了近代，特別是從18世紀(jì)初到19世紀(jì)40年代，由于經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)等諸多原因，我國(guó)的機(jī)械行業(yè)發(fā)展停滯不前，而這100多年的時(shí)間正是西方資產(chǎn)階級(jí)政治革命和產(chǎn)業(yè)革命時(shí)期，機(jī)械科學(xué)技術(shù)飛速發(fā)展，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)了中國(guó)的水平。這樣，中國(guó)機(jī)械的發(fā)展水平與西方的差距急劇拉大，到十九世紀(jì)中期已經(jīng)落后西方一百多年。 新中國(guó)建立后特別是近三十年來(lái)，我國(guó)的機(jī)械科學(xué)技術(shù)發(fā)展速度很快。向機(jī)械產(chǎn)品大型化，精密化、自動(dòng)化和成套化的趨勢(shì)發(fā)展。在有些方面已經(jīng)達(dá)到或超過(guò)了世界先進(jìn)水平?？偟膩?lái)說(shuō)，就目前而言中國(guó)機(jī)械科學(xué)技術(shù)的成就是巨大的，發(fā)展速度之快、水平之高也是前所未有的。這一時(shí)期還沒有結(jié)束，我國(guó)的機(jī)械科學(xué)技術(shù)還將向更高的水平發(fā)展。只要我們能夠采取正確的方針、政策、用好科技發(fā)展規(guī)律并勇于創(chuàng)新，我國(guó)的機(jī)械工業(yè)和機(jī)械科技一定能夠振興，重新引領(lǐng)世界機(jī)械工業(yè)發(fā)展潮流? 40多年來(lái)，我國(guó)錨桿鉆機(jī)從無(wú)到有，錨桿鉆機(jī)在一些地方又稱為錨固鉆機(jī)，品種從原來(lái)的單一品種到多品種，從單一動(dòng)力到多種動(dòng)力。先后研制出機(jī)械支腿式電動(dòng)錨桿鉆機(jī)、鉆車式錨桿鉆機(jī)、支腿與導(dǎo)軌式液壓錨桿鉆機(jī)、支腿式氣動(dòng)錨桿鉆機(jī)、非機(jī)械傳動(dòng)支腿式電動(dòng)錨桿鉆機(jī)、機(jī)載式錨桿鉆機(jī)和雙級(jí)氣腿鑿巖機(jī)等。根據(jù)動(dòng)力來(lái)源主要有氣動(dòng)和液壓兩種。 液壓錨桿鉆機(jī)主要以液壓油作為介質(zhì)，以油缸、馬達(dá)為驅(qū)動(dòng)執(zhí)行元件構(gòu)成。從行走上分在國(guó)內(nèi)主要有滑撬式和履帶式兩種。滑撬式液壓錨桿鉆機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，力量較大，操作簡(jiǎn)便，造價(jià)成本相對(duì)較低。如無(wú)錫雙帆生產(chǎn)的YG-80、成都哈邁生產(chǎn)的YXZ-70、重慶探礦廠生產(chǎn)的MGJ-50等等。成孔多為雙管偏心技術(shù)，常用的鉆桿為中Φ73、Φ89，外套管根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)不同常用有Φ108、Φ127、Φ146等規(guī)格。使用時(shí)需配備適當(dāng)?shù)目諝鈮嚎s機(jī)來(lái)帶動(dòng)沖擊器產(chǎn)生沖擊功，因?yàn)闆_擊器始終作用在孔的底部，因此常常又稱為“下打擊”式。在工人建筑施工工藝中的抗浮錨桿、基坑支護(hù)、土釘墻支護(hù)等應(yīng)用較為廣泛。但移機(jī)笨重，功能單一，并隨著加工成本的增加，高層建筑越來(lái)越多，越來(lái)越高，這類機(jī)型已逐漸不能適應(yīng)市場(chǎng)的需求。因而履帶式自動(dòng)行走的錨固錨桿鉆機(jī)很快得到發(fā)展。在國(guó)內(nèi)履帶式錨桿鉆機(jī)有許多類型，其特點(diǎn)主要表現(xiàn)在動(dòng)力頭大多采用了大扭矩馬達(dá)驅(qū)動(dòng)，調(diào)速范圍通常為無(wú)級(jí)調(diào)速，大大提高了鉆機(jī)的性能。行走履帶由液壓馬達(dá)驅(qū)動(dòng)，提高了鉆機(jī)的靈活性，降低了人工移機(jī)的煩瑣性。這類鉆機(jī)也采用了“下打擊”方式，如東方工礦生產(chǎn)的DF-3000、宣化英格索蘭生產(chǎn)的CM-351等。這類鉆機(jī)同上述滑撬式鉆機(jī)一樣在起拔套管時(shí)需要配備其它專用的輔助設(shè)備。在國(guó)內(nèi)還有一類雙動(dòng)力頭型的錨桿鉆機(jī)，這類鉆機(jī)的特點(diǎn)是鉆桿和套管分別由各自的一個(gè)動(dòng)力頭帶動(dòng)回轉(zhuǎn)，互不影響，起拔套管可由本機(jī)自動(dòng)完成。 每種鉆機(jī)都有相應(yīng)的使用說(shuō)明書，下面是MDL-50A全液壓回轉(zhuǎn)器式錨固工程鉆機(jī)的使用說(shuō)明。 1 概述 該機(jī)主要部件均采用了我公司最新的成組技術(shù)，并根據(jù)客戶要求配以履帶底盤配套部件，再設(shè)計(jì)全新的液壓系統(tǒng)，使其成為一體，關(guān)鍵元件選用國(guó)外名牌產(chǎn)品，全液壓控制，儀表顯示，操作方便靈活，大大提高了工作效率，滿足了客戶的需要。 該機(jī)屬全液壓回轉(zhuǎn)器式錨固工程鉆機(jī)，整機(jī)重量小于4000公斤。主要用于地質(zhì)災(zāi)害防治中的滑坡及危巖體錨固工程，控制建筑物位移等巖體錨固工程，適用于施工城市深基坑支護(hù)及地基加固工程孔、爆破工程的爆破孔等，但不適于高邊坡巖體錨固工程。 MDL-50A型鉆機(jī)性能穩(wěn)定，工作效率高，具有多用性，具備鉆進(jìn)復(fù)雜地層和處理事故的能力。它配套普通合金鉆頭等鉆具可進(jìn)行回轉(zhuǎn)鉆進(jìn)；在硬巖層采用常規(guī)球齒鉆頭，進(jìn)行沖擊回轉(zhuǎn)鉆進(jìn)，高速成孔；與空氣壓縮機(jī)及氣動(dòng)潛孔錘配套，在卵礫石等不穩(wěn)定地層，采用跟管鉆進(jìn)鉆具可進(jìn)行跟套管鉆進(jìn)成孔。 MDL-50A型還可以配套轉(zhuǎn)盤、夾持卸扣器、旋噴模塊。轉(zhuǎn)盤可以使鉆機(jī)在水平面上旋轉(zhuǎn)90°，提高了鉆機(jī)的移動(dòng)效率。夾持卸扣器可以自動(dòng)裝卸鉆桿，降低了工人的勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度。旋噴模塊就是在該鉆機(jī)的基礎(chǔ)上更換主軸，再對(duì)液壓系統(tǒng)稍加改動(dòng)即可以用于施工高壓旋噴樁。 這臺(tái)鉆機(jī)主要有如下幾大特點(diǎn): 1）結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊,全液壓控制，操作方便靈活，移位方便，機(jī)動(dòng)性好，省時(shí)、省力。 2）配有專用的跟管鉆進(jìn)鉆具（鉆桿、套管、偏心鉆頭等），在不穩(wěn)定地層用套管護(hù)壁開孔，常規(guī)球齒鉆頭終孔。鉆進(jìn)效率高，成孔質(zhì)量好。 3）針對(duì)客戶當(dāng)?shù)氐奶厥夤r，對(duì)散熱系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化，確保液壓系統(tǒng)在室外溫度為50°C時(shí)，最高溫度不超過(guò)70°C。 4）整個(gè)系統(tǒng)都有全方位的保護(hù)，過(guò)壓保護(hù)、過(guò)溫保護(hù)、高溫報(bào)警等。 2 主要技術(shù)參數(shù) 主要鉆進(jìn)方法：潛孔錘常規(guī)鉆進(jìn)、合金鉆進(jìn)、螺旋鉆進(jìn)。 1）鉆孔直徑（mm）：Φ85～Φ160 2）鉆孔深度（m）：40～60 3）鉆孔角度（°）：-15～90 4）額定轉(zhuǎn)速（r/min，正反轉(zhuǎn)）：12、25、45、60、95、125 5）額定提升力（kN）：42.5 6）額定給進(jìn)力（kN）：25 7）給進(jìn)行程（mm）：1800 8）動(dòng)力：電動(dòng)機(jī)，18.5KW+11KW+1.5KW 9）重量（kg）：4000 10）外形尺寸(長(zhǎng)×寬×高，mm)：3800×1800×2000 11）主機(jī)垂直狀態(tài)：3800×1800×3600 12）主機(jī)橫向狀態(tài)：3800×1800×2000 3 鉆機(jī)的構(gòu)造 MDL-50A型鉆機(jī)主要有如下幾個(gè)部件組成： （1）動(dòng)力組件 動(dòng)力組件由三臺(tái)電機(jī)分別帶動(dòng)三組泵：其中一組是大泵，大泵是負(fù)責(zé)回轉(zhuǎn)器的快速回轉(zhuǎn)。還有一組是雙聯(lián)泵，是負(fù)責(zé)鉆機(jī)的慢速回轉(zhuǎn)、行走、分配、、支腿油缸回轉(zhuǎn)器的快速加壓提升給進(jìn)。最后一組是小泵，是負(fù)責(zé)鉆機(jī)的起塔、滑架移動(dòng)、調(diào)速給進(jìn)。鉆機(jī)開機(jī)時(shí)要注意三個(gè)電動(dòng)機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)向，其轉(zhuǎn)向要與電機(jī)后殼上或泵上的紅箭頭標(biāo)向一致，否則鉆機(jī)不能正常工作。 （2）回轉(zhuǎn)器部分 回轉(zhuǎn)器由雙液壓馬達(dá)驅(qū)動(dòng)，經(jīng)齒輪傳動(dòng)變速，帶動(dòng)主軸和前端鉆桿接頭正反轉(zhuǎn)，以此驅(qū)動(dòng)下面的鉆桿旋轉(zhuǎn)。 回轉(zhuǎn)器箱體內(nèi)貯存有齒輪潤(rùn)滑油，使用時(shí)應(yīng)經(jīng)常檢查油量是否足夠。 回轉(zhuǎn)器的上下移動(dòng)是通過(guò)鏈條作用下實(shí)現(xiàn)的，當(dāng)鉆機(jī)工作一段時(shí)間后，回轉(zhuǎn)器會(huì)因零件磨損而出現(xiàn)晃動(dòng)情況，這時(shí)應(yīng)及時(shí)地松開鎖緊螺母，旋動(dòng)回轉(zhuǎn)器與推進(jìn)架連接處的緊定螺釘調(diào)整側(cè)面和底部的滑動(dòng)間隙，然后重新固定螺母。但應(yīng)注意耐磨板間隙不可過(guò)緊。 （3）推進(jìn)架部分 推進(jìn)架是支承孔口裝置、回轉(zhuǎn)器組件、加壓提升組件的部件。 （4）履帶底盤 加裝了履帶底盤，通過(guò)控制比例閥，輕松實(shí)現(xiàn)鉆機(jī)前進(jìn)、后退、轉(zhuǎn)彎及鉆機(jī)調(diào)平，從而使其具有移位方便、機(jī)動(dòng)性好，省時(shí)、省力的特點(diǎn)。 （5）液壓系統(tǒng) MDL-50型鉆機(jī)液壓系統(tǒng)的工作油泵、閥、執(zhí)行元件及管路附件大多選用國(guó)外進(jìn)口件，使其具有更好的工作性能。 （6）電氣系統(tǒng) 由于鉆機(jī)自身不帶有動(dòng)力源，故需從外部將三相交流電源接入控制電柜中。電機(jī)采用星三角啟動(dòng)，以降低啟動(dòng)電流，電柜總輸入功率為34.5kW。電氣柜中有漏電開關(guān)作為安全保護(hù)、又為液壓系統(tǒng)提供過(guò)壓保護(hù)及各種報(bào)警，使用戶隨時(shí)了解鉆機(jī)的狀態(tài)。開機(jī)前要注意電氣柜接地線是否牢固可靠。非電氣專業(yè)人員不得檢查、維修，否則后果自負(fù)。 4 鉆機(jī)的使用注意事項(xiàng) 鉆機(jī)開機(jī)前準(zhǔn)備的注意事項(xiàng) 1.1 平整場(chǎng)地，使鉆機(jī)安放平穩(wěn)。 1.2 檢查鉆機(jī)所有各部連接螺栓是否緊固，如有松動(dòng)，應(yīng)進(jìn)行緊固與調(diào)整。 1.3 檢查各傳動(dòng)部件有無(wú)卡阻現(xiàn)象，各防護(hù)罩及油管等安裝是否正確。 1.4 檢查各操縱桿位置是否處于停止位置，不能處于工作狀態(tài)，預(yù)防出事故。 1.5 各油管接頭是否松動(dòng)，如松動(dòng)要緊固調(diào)整。 1.6 油箱中液壓油是否達(dá)到規(guī)定的油面位置，油箱進(jìn)出油閥必須處于開啟位置。 1.7 機(jī)組各部分表面擦洗干凈，各油咀、滑動(dòng)部位加注潤(rùn)滑油。 1.8 開啟電機(jī)時(shí)，首先只能點(diǎn)動(dòng)起動(dòng)短時(shí)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，要注意電機(jī)的旋轉(zhuǎn)方向與標(biāo)牌方向一致，絕不可以長(zhǎng)時(shí)間反轉(zhuǎn)。 1.9 油箱內(nèi)應(yīng)有足夠的液壓油。在油箱側(cè)面有液位液溫計(jì)顯示油位。液壓油的選擇：當(dāng)環(huán)境溫度為–10~40℃時(shí)，可用牌號(hào)為L(zhǎng)-HM46液壓油（GB11118.1-1994）或YB-N46抗磨液壓油（GB2512-81）；當(dāng)環(huán)境溫度為–40~–10℃時(shí)，可改用L-HV46液壓油（GB11118.1-1994）或其它低溫液壓油。一般鉆機(jī)連續(xù)施工一月左右就要清洗油箱，去掉液壓油中的雜質(zhì)；油泵吸油處的過(guò)濾器一般半月要拆開清洗一下。 1.10 查看是否有漏油現(xiàn)象，確認(rèn)不漏油時(shí)再確定開機(jī)。 1.11 在寒冷的環(huán)境里施工，啟動(dòng)油泵時(shí)應(yīng)開開停停，反復(fù)幾次；在高溫季節(jié)施工，油箱頂部應(yīng)附有防曬裝置（用戶自行解決）。 1.12 如鉆機(jī)較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間不用，啟動(dòng)電機(jī)后應(yīng)先讓油泵保持10分鐘左右空負(fù)荷運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，此時(shí)各手柄均在中間位置，然后再檢查各控制手把動(dòng)作是否與指示標(biāo)牌相符。 1.13 鉆機(jī)開機(jī)后，操縱回轉(zhuǎn)器正反轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)，切忌一個(gè)手柄開正轉(zhuǎn)，另一個(gè)開反轉(zhuǎn)。 1.14 起推進(jìn)架組件，用撐桿組件將推進(jìn)架與油箱上的支撐座固定在一起(如圖)。 1.15 根據(jù)參數(shù)標(biāo)牌上的參數(shù)，試運(yùn)行回轉(zhuǎn)器快速加壓提升是否正常，調(diào)速給進(jìn)是否能無(wú)級(jí)調(diào)速。由于參數(shù)標(biāo)牌上的參數(shù)是根據(jù)液壓元件進(jìn)入正常使用情況下確定的，且液壓系統(tǒng)效率不確定性，故鉆機(jī)在試車時(shí)，實(shí)際參數(shù)與標(biāo)定參數(shù)相對(duì)誤差在15%以內(nèi)為正常。 1.16 上述動(dòng)作正常后，鉆機(jī)就可進(jìn)入施工了。 鉆機(jī)操作時(shí)的注意事項(xiàng) 2.1 鉆機(jī)在出廠時(shí)液壓系統(tǒng)的壓力都已經(jīng)調(diào)整好，未經(jīng)廠方同意不要擅自改變。為安全起見，防止發(fā)生意外，對(duì)超過(guò)系統(tǒng)壓力的使用要慎重。 2.2 鉆機(jī)推進(jìn)架豎起后，最好將起塔的操作手柄卸下，以防誤操作。 2.3 鉆機(jī)在鉆進(jìn)前，檢查機(jī)架支腿油缸是否撐實(shí)。 2.4 鉆機(jī)在鉆進(jìn)時(shí)，不得扳動(dòng)支腿油缸手柄，以防止鉆孔角度發(fā)生變化。 2.5 回轉(zhuǎn)器在靠近兩端極限位置時(shí)，不要用快速移動(dòng)，應(yīng)避免劇烈沖擊。 2.6 鉆機(jī)裝有壓力過(guò)載保護(hù)及報(bào)警，當(dāng)液壓系統(tǒng)壓力過(guò)載時(shí)，鉆機(jī)會(huì)自動(dòng)切斷電機(jī)電源并報(bào)警，需檢查過(guò)載原因并解決后再開機(jī)。 警告： 1）回轉(zhuǎn)器快速進(jìn)給、提升功能一定要在操作和配合熟練的情況下才能使用，否則容易引起意外。 2）同時(shí)操作回轉(zhuǎn)器進(jìn)給、提升手柄時(shí)，不要有錯(cuò)向同時(shí)工作的情況，否則可能對(duì)系統(tǒng)帶來(lái)?yè)p壞。 5 鉆機(jī)常見故障及排除方法 1）液壓泵常見故障分析與排除方法 故障現(xiàn)象 故障分析 排除方法 不出油、輸油量不足、壓力上不去 1. 電動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)向不對(duì) 1. 檢查電動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)向 2. 吸油管或過(guò)濾器堵塞 2. 疏通管道，清洗過(guò)濾器，換新油 3. 軸向間隙或徑向間隙過(guò)大 3. 檢查更換有關(guān)零件 4. 連接處泄漏,混入空氣 4. 緊固各連接處螺釘，避免泄漏，嚴(yán)防空混入 5. 油液粘度太大或油液溫升太高 5. 正確選用油液，控制溫升 噪音嚴(yán)重，壓力波動(dòng)厲害 1. 吸油管及過(guò)濾器堵塞或過(guò)濾器容量小 1. 清洗過(guò)濾器使吸油管通暢，正確選用過(guò)濾器 2. 吸油管密封處漏氣或油液中有氣泡 2. 在連接部位或密封處加點(diǎn)油，如噪音減小，可將接頭處擰緊或更換密封圈；回油管口應(yīng)在油面以下，與吸油管要有一定距離 3. 泵與聯(lián)軸節(jié)不同心 3. 調(diào)整同心 4. 油位低 4. 加油液 5. 油溫低或粘度高 5. 把油液加熱到適當(dāng)?shù)臏囟? 6. 泵軸承損壞 6. 檢查(用手觸感)泵軸承部份溫升 2）液壓缸常見故障分析及排除方法 故障現(xiàn)象 故障分析 排除方法 爬行 1. 空氣侵入 1. 增設(shè)排氣管；如無(wú)排氣裝置，可開動(dòng)液壓系統(tǒng)以最大行程使工作部件快速運(yùn)動(dòng)，強(qiáng)迫排除空氣 2. 液壓缸端蓋密封圈壓得 太緊或過(guò)松 2. 調(diào)整密封圈，使它不松不緊，保證活塞桿能來(lái)回用手平穩(wěn)地拉動(dòng)而無(wú)泄漏（大多允許微量滲油） 3. 活塞桿與活塞不同心 3. 校正二者同心度 4. 活塞桿全長(zhǎng)或局部彎曲 4. 校直活塞桿 5. 液壓缸的安裝位置偏移 5. 檢查液壓缸與導(dǎo)軌的平行性并校正 6. 液壓缸內(nèi)孔直線性不良(鼓形錐度等) 6. 鏜磨修復(fù),重配活塞 7. 缸內(nèi)腐蝕、拉毛 7. 輕微者修去銹蝕和毛刺,嚴(yán)重者必須鏜磨 8. 雙活塞桿兩端螺帽擰得太緊，使其同心度不良 8. 螺帽不宜擰得太緊，一般用手旋即可，以保持活塞處于自然狀態(tài) 沖擊 1. 靠間隙密封的活塞和液壓缸間隙過(guò)大，節(jié)流閥失去節(jié)流作用 1. 按規(guī)定配活塞與液壓缸的間隙，減少泄漏現(xiàn)象 2. 端頭緩沖的單向閥失靈，緩沖不起作用 2. 修正研配單向閥與閥座 推力不足或工作速度逐漸下降甚至停止 3. 液壓缸和活塞配合間隙太大或O型密封圈損壞，造成高低壓腔互通 3. 單配活塞和液壓缸的間隙或更換O型密封圈 4. 由于工作時(shí)經(jīng)常用工作行程的某一段，造成液壓缸孔徑直線性不良（局部有腰鼓形），致使液壓缸兩端高低壓油互通 4. 鏜磨修復(fù)液壓缸孔徑，單配活塞 5. 缸端油封壓得太緊或活塞桿彎曲，使摩擦力或阻力增加 5. 放松油封,以不漏油為限校直活塞桿 6. 泄漏太多 6. 尋找泄漏部位，緊固各接合面 7. 油溫太高，粘度減小，靠間隙密封或密封質(zhì)量差的油缸行速變慢。若液壓缸兩端高低壓油腔互通，運(yùn)行速度逐漸減慢直至停止。 7. 分析發(fā)熱原因，設(shè)法散熱降溫，如密封間隙過(guò)大則單配活塞或增裝密封環(huán) 3）溢流閥的故障分析及排除方法 故障現(xiàn)象 故障分析 排除方法 壓力波動(dòng) 1. 簧彎曲或太軟 1. 更換彈簧 2. 錐閥與閥座接觸不良 2. 如錐閥是新的即卸下調(diào)整螺帽將導(dǎo)桿推幾下，使其接觸良好；或更換錐閥 3. 鋼球與閥座密合不良 3. 檢查鋼球圓度，更換鋼球，研磨閥座 4. 滑閥變形或拉毛 4. 更換或修研滑閥 5. 油不清潔,阻尼龍堵塞 5. 疏通阻尼龍,更換清潔油液 調(diào)整無(wú)效 彈簧斷裂或漏裝 檢查、更換或補(bǔ)裝彈簧 尼龍阻塞 疏通阻尼龍 滑閥卡住 拆出、檢查、整修 進(jìn)出油口裝反 檢查油源方向 錐閥漏裝 檢查、補(bǔ)裝 泄漏嚴(yán)重 1. 錐閥或鋼球與閥座的接觸不良 1. 錐閥或鋼球磨損時(shí)更換新的 2. 滑閥與閥體配合間隙過(guò)大 2. 檢查閥芯與閥體間隙 3. 管接頭沒擰緊 3. 擰緊聯(lián)接螺釘 4. 密封破壞 4. 檢查更換密封 噪音及振動(dòng) 5. 螺帽松動(dòng) 5. 緊固螺帽 6. 彈簧變形，不復(fù)原 6. 檢查并更換彈簧 7. 滑閥配合過(guò)緊 7. 修研滑閥，使其靈活 8. 主滑閥動(dòng)作不良 8. 檢查滑閥與殼體的同心度 9. 錐閥磨損 9. 換錐閥 10. 出油路中有空氣 10. 排出空氣 11. 流量超過(guò)允許值 11. 更換與流量對(duì)應(yīng)的閥 12. 和其它閥產(chǎn)生共振 12. 略為改變閥的額定壓力值（如額定壓力值的差在0.5Mpa以內(nèi)時(shí),則容易發(fā)生共振） 4）油溫過(guò)高的故障分析及排除方法 故障現(xiàn)象 故障分析 排除方法 當(dāng)系統(tǒng)不需要壓力油時(shí)，而油仍在溢流閥的設(shè)定壓力下溢回油箱 卸荷回路的動(dòng)作不良 檢查電氣回路、電磁閥、先導(dǎo)回路和卸荷閥的動(dòng)作是否正常 液壓組件規(guī)格選用不合理 1. 閥規(guī)格過(guò)小，能量損失太大 根據(jù)系統(tǒng)的工作壓力和通過(guò)該閥的最大流量選取 2. 選用泵時(shí)，泵的流量過(guò)大 合理選泵 冷卻不足 冷卻水供應(yīng)失靈或風(fēng)扇失靈 消除故障 冷卻水管道中有沉淀 消除沉淀 散熱不足 油箱的散熱面積不足 改裝冷卻系統(tǒng)或加大油箱容量及散熱面積 液壓泵過(guò)熱 由于磨損造成功率損失 修理或更換 用粘度過(guò)低或過(guò)高的油工作 選擇適合本系統(tǒng)粘度的油加油 油液循環(huán)太快 油箱中液面太低 加油液到推薦的位置 油液的阻力過(guò)大 管道的內(nèi)徑和需要的流量不相適應(yīng)或者由于閥門的內(nèi)徑不夠大 裝置適宜尺寸的管道和閥門,或降低功率 6 鉆機(jī)主要外購(gòu)件匯總表 1）鉆機(jī)主要密封件匯總表 序號(hào) 代 號(hào) 名 稱 規(guī) 格 數(shù)量 備 注 1 GB/1235-87 O形橡膠密封圈 11*1.9 液壓系統(tǒng)管路接頭用 16*2.4 20*2.4 24*2.4 30*3.1 33*3.1 40*3.1 2 JB/T981-1977 組合密封墊圈 16 18 22 33 3 TC593 耐油橡膠油封 油封170*200*15 1 回轉(zhuǎn)器用 4 TC576C 耐油橡膠油封 油封130*160*15 1 5 TC471 耐油橡膠油封 油封60*80*12 2 6 HG4-337-66 V形夾織物密封環(huán) B65×90 4 2）鉆機(jī)軸承匯總表 序號(hào) 代號(hào) 名稱 規(guī)格 數(shù)量 備注 1 GB/T283-1994 圓柱滾子軸承 NU1028 2 回轉(zhuǎn)器用 2 GB/T297-1994 圓錐滾子軸承 32024 2 3 GB/T283-1994 圓柱滾子軸承 NJ2208E 2 4 GB/T276-1994 深溝球軸承 6012 4 5 GB/T283-1994 圓柱滾子軸承 NJ208E 12 推進(jìn)架用 3）鉆機(jī)其它外購(gòu)件匯總表 序號(hào) 代號(hào) 名 稱 規(guī)格 數(shù)量 備注 1 CBW-F203-AFP 齒輪油泵 3mL/r 1 小油泵 2 CBQ-G540-CFH 齒輪油泵 40mL/r 1 大油泵 3 CBTL-F410/F410-AFP 齒輪油泵 10/10mL/r 1 副油泵 4 GB/T6074-1995 板式鏈 LH1066-200 244節(jié)二條 190節(jié)一條 包括三副外鏈板 5 YN60-Ⅲ 壓力表 4 量程25MPa 6 YWZ-150T 液位液溫計(jì) 1 7 EF4-50 空氣濾清器 1 8 B6232-00 散熱器 1 9 LXZ-250*80F-Y 吸油過(guò)濾器 1 10 LXZ-160*80L-Y 吸油過(guò)濾器 1 11 GP-A400*5QC 磁性回油濾油器 1 7. 鉆機(jī)主要易損件匯總表 序號(hào) 代 號(hào) 名 稱 數(shù)量 備 注 1 HZQ80-1-0 接頭 1 回轉(zhuǎn)器接鉆桿用 2 HZQ80-13 主軸 1 回轉(zhuǎn)器輸出主軸 3 HZQ80-4 蝶形彈簧 80 回轉(zhuǎn)器減振用 4 HZQ80-7 花鍵套1 1 回轉(zhuǎn)器輸出軸用 5 HZQ80-17 小軸 1 回轉(zhuǎn)器氣管密封用 6 WG-GL1-6 滾珠10*20 56 滾輪組件用 7 WG-GL1-2 密封墊 8 滾輪組件防塵用 8 WG-GL1-4 耐磨板 4 滾輪組件用 9 WG-GL1-5 滾珠保持板 8 滾輪組件用 10 MDL50A-1-1-1 接頭1 1 過(guò)渡接頭 - 12 - MDL-50A型錨固鉆機(jī)使用說(shuō)明書 MDL-50A Drilling Rig Operation China is the world's first national machinery development. Chinese mechanical engineering technology not only has a long history and splendid achievements in Chinese is not only the material culture and social economic development plays an important role in the world, and has made great contribution to promote the progress of technology civilization . Machine in the traditional，our country within a long period are leading in the word. In modern times, especially from the early 18th century, to the 19century40s, due to the economic and social and many other reasons, the machinery industry of Chinese was stagnation, but the 100 years is western bourgeois political revolution and industrial revolution time, mechanical science and technology is developing rapidly, and far more than the level of China. So, China mechanical development level and the western gap widens, to the 19th century middle， our country already behind western more than one hundred years. Over the past 40 years, roof bolter of China are developing from nothing, in some places roof bolter were also called anchor rig, the varieties from the original single to variety, from single power to multiple power. Our country successively has developed a mechanical support leg type electric roof bolter, drill roof bolter, supporting leg and the guide rail type hydraulic pressure roof bolter, supporting leg type pneumatic roof bolter, non-mechanical transmission support leg electric roof bolter, airborne roof bolter and double-stage Air-leg drill etc.. According to the main power source, roof bolter has two kinds - Pneumatic and hydraulic. But electro-hydraulic combination will be the trend of its development. Over the past 40 years, roof bolter of China are developing from nothing, in some places roof bolter were also called anchor rig, the varieties from the original single to variety, from single power to multiple power. Our country successively has developed a mechanical support leg type electric roof bolter, drill roof bolter, supporting leg and the guide rail type hydraulic pressure roof bolter, supporting leg type pneumatic roof bolter, non-mechanical transmission support leg electric roof bolter, airborne roof bolter and double-stage Air-leg drill etc.. According to the main power source, roof bolter has two kinds - Pneumatic and hydraulic. Hydraulic roof bolter is mainly component of the medium of hydraulic oil and the drive actuator witch is including cylinder and motor. Pointing from the walking in the domestic the hydraulic roof bolter mainly has two kinds –skid and crawler. Structure of skid hydraulic Roof bolter is simple, but the strength is higher, operation is simple, manufacturing cost is relatively low. Such as Wuxi dual-fan production of YG-80, Chengdu Hamma production of YXZ-70, Chongqing prospecting plant production of MGJ-50 etc… Holing main technology is double eccentric, commonly used in drill pipe isΦ73, Φ89, according to different design of jacket tube drill pipe commonly useΦ108, Φ127, Φ146 etc specifications. They need to be equipped with proper air compressor to driven impact power, because the bottom of impact always role in the hole, so often be called as "blow". Anti-floating anchor, excavation, soil nail wall support are widely used in workers of the construction process. But they are moving heavy, function single, and increased with the processing costs, much higher and higher buildings, this kind of type has been unable to meet the needs of the market. So anchor bolt drill and tracked automatically walking got quickly development. In the domestic there are many types of the crawler roof bolter, which features in the main power head adopts the high torque motor drive, speed range usually is variable speed. They are greatly improving the rig performance. The track is driven by a hydraulic motor, which made the drilling machine more flexibility and reduces the complex of the artificial joint. This type of drill also adopted the "attack" mode, such as the Oriental industrial production of DF-3000, Xuanhua Ingersoll-Rand production of CM-351. This type of drill same with the slide drill on the pulling sleeve also need be equipped with auxiliary equipment and other auxiliary equipment. In China there is a kind of double anchor rig power head roof bolter, characteristic of this kind of drill rig is drill pipe and casing are driven rotation by each power head, and do not influence each other, pull casing can be done automatically by the machine. Every rig all have they own operation manual. The follow is MDL-50A Drilling Rig operation manual. 1. Preface The company has adopted its latest assembling technology for all main parts and components of this product. And the rig is completed with chassis for pretrial and pipe wrench and other accessories, which the re-designed fully new hydraulic system incorporates into one entity. Key elements are all renowned brands either local or imported, and are fully hydraulically controlled and displayed through instruments. The drilling rig is easy and flexible of operation and has high working efficiency and so well meets the requirements by the customer. MDL-50A Drilling Rig is a new type fully hydraulic long-stroke anchored drilling-rig for engineering purposes developed and manufactured by Jiangsu Wuxi Mineral Exploration Machinery General Factory Co. LTD (formerly Jiangsu Wuxi Mineral Exploration Machinery General Factory). MDL-50A Drilling Rig is a hydraulically controlled, anchored power head engineering drill. Its overall weight is under 4000kg, is mainly for the anchoring engineering of coast and dangerous rock/cliff mass for geological disaster prevention activity, and the anchoring engineering of rock body etc to control displacement of buildings, and also for supporting of deep-foundation pit and groundwork reinforcing engineering in urban construction site, for blowing up engineering or blowing up hole etc. But the Drilling Rig isn’t suitable for anchoring engineering of high-edge slope or dangerous rock body. MDL-50A Drilling Rig possesses the characteristics of stable performance, high working efficiency, multiply usage, as well as the capability of drilling sophisticated stratum and handling accidents etc. This drilling rig, deployed by common alloy drill tools or other drill tools, can perform revolving-and-drilling. In the rigid rock stratum, the drilling rig deploys the spheroid drill bit to perform striking and revolving and drilling to have high-speed-bored hole; if deployed with air-compressor and pneumatic in-the-hole hammer, and accepted the cannula-followed drill tools, the drilling rig can drill the hole with cannula together in those unstable stratum such as conglomerate stratum. Following are the main features of the drilling rig: 1） Compact in structure, fully hydraulically controlled, easy and flexible of operation and easy to move, good mobility, time- saving and energy-saving. 2） Fitted with exclusive drilling follow-up devices (drill rod, thimble, and eccentric drill bit etc). When drilling in unstable stratum thimble can be used at collaring and the hole can be finished with conventional ball teeth bit to achieve good drilling efficiency and good quality holes. 3） Optimized heat diffusion system in the light of customer’s plant conditions to ensure that the max temperature in the hydraulic system does not exceed 70℃ when outdoors temperature reaches 50℃. 4） Power head of the drilling rig has big torque and long stroke with high drilling efficiency, which greatly enhances working efficiency. Fitted with devices for mechanically mounting/dismounting drilling rod to reduce the operators’ labor intensity. 2. Technical Specification Main drilling mode of this product is: conventional drilling, alloy bit drilling, and spiral drilling 1) Hole dia.（mm）：φ85-φ160 2) Hole depth（m）：40-60 4) Boring angle（°）： -15-90 5) Rated speed（r/min）：12、25、45、60、90、125 6) Rated lift capacity（kN）：42.5kN 7) Rated pull down capacity（kN）：25kN 8) Feed stroke（mm）：1800 9) Dynamic：Motor，18.5kw+11kw+1.5kw 10) Weight（kg）：4000 11) Shape (L×W×H，mm) ：4200×2000×7200 12) Plumb condition：3800×1800×3600 13) Transport state：3800×1800×2000 3. Structure of the Drilling Rig MDL-50A drilling rig comprises of the following main components: （1）The power assembly The power module is made up of three electric motors which respectively drive three sets of pumps. Among them, one group is a double gear pump. The big one is responsible for drilling quickly of the drill; and the small one is responsible for the movement and the support of one side of crutch as well as the medium-speed, low-speed drilling. One set of pump is responsible for the movement and the support of another side of crutch and the medium-speed drilling as well as the quickly lift of the power head. The last set of pump is responsible for the rise of the tower. When you start operating the drill, you should notice the rotated direction of three electric motors, its turning should be identical with the red arrow on the pump or the back shell of the motors, or the drill can't work normally. （2）The power head assembly Power head of MDL-50A type drilling rig is driven by Double hydraulic motor through gear box transmission and speed regulating, and it drives the main shaft and fore end drilling rod connection to turn in positive/reverse directions, thereby driving the drilling bits below. In the power head box is stored gear oil. When in operation be sure to check the oil level from time to time to see there is sufficient oil. On the side of the box is fitted an oil level threaded plug. Just by raising the mast to vertical position and loosening the oil level screw you can check the oil level. The up/down motion of the power head is effected by the roller assembly beneath it, which is driven by the chains. After the drilling rig has worked for a period of time there will be a certain amount of rocking motion because the roller assembly will have worn. Now is the time to loosen the locking nut and turn the fixing screw of the roller assembly to adjust the sliding clearance between the bottom and the side, then re-tighten the nut. Only be sure you do not tighten the wear- resistant plate excessively. （3）The propelling rack assembly This assembly is part of the orifice-supporting device, power head assembly and pressurizing elevation assembly. （4）The pretrial chassis With the pretrial fitted on it is possible to effect the drilling rig’s forward/ backward movement and turning and leveling through controlling the proportional pump. and that is why the drilling rig can move easily, has good mobility and is time- saving and energy- saving. （5）The hydraulic system Working oil pumps, valves, execution elements and pipe- fittings of the hydraulic system of MDL-50 drilling rig are mostly imported fine quality parts, ensuring a good working performance. （6）The electrical system As the drilling rig is not equipped with power generator an external three-phase AC power supply has to be connected to the control cabinet. The motor is started in the planetary triangle mode for the sake of reducing starting current. Total input power of the electrical cabinet is 45 kW. The cabinet is fitted with leakage protection switch as safety device, which also serves as excessive voltage protection for the hydraulic system and for various kinds of warning signals for user to be aware of the rig’s instant status. Before starting be sure to check the cabinet’s earth connection to see it is securely done. Unqualified personnel are not allowed to do any checkup or maintenance, failing that the person will have to bear the consequences. 4. Operation Points for attention in the preparation before starting the rig 1.1 The drill should be installed on the flat ground. 1.2 Be sure to tighten all the connections. In case of any loosening be sure to tighten up and make proper adjustments. 1.3 Checking each part if it get stuck or not, checking each shield and oil pipe whether it is installed correctly. 1.4 Checking whether the joy stick is on the close position, make sure it is not on working to prevent any accident. 1.5 Checking whether each connection of vitta is fast, if it is loose, adjusting it. 1.6 Checking the oil if it is enough to achieve the settled level, and making sure that inlet valve and outlet valve is on. 1.7 Clean up the surfaces of all parts and components of the rig. Apply lubricants (oil/grease) to all lubrication nozzles and sliding parts. 1.8 While using the electromotor, paying attention to its turning, its turning should be identical with the escutcheon, and reversion is forbidden. 1.9 Make sure that there is enough oil in the oil box. There is a liquid temperature meter and liquid position meter on the side of oil box. The choice of liquid presses oil: When environment temperature is-10 ~ 40 ℃, you can use L- HM 46(GB 11118.1- 1994) or YB-N 46(GB2512-81); When environment temperature is –40~ -10℃, you can change it to use L-HV 46( GB11118.1-1994) or the other low temperature liquid press the oil. If drill lasts working several days, oil box should be cleaned every month and remove from impurity. The filter in the absorb mouth of the oil pump should be replaced and cleaned each half month. 1.10 Checking whether the oil of the drill is leak or not. And before it is clear, don't drive drill. 1.11 In the cold condition, pump should be open and close by spells for some times. In the heat condition, there should be a shield on top of oil box. (You should settle it by yourself.) 1.12 If drill doesn't work for a long time, oil pump should work without loading for 10 minutes after driving drill. In the moment, the handle is on the middle position, then checking whether the handle is identical to the escutcheon. 1.13 It is forbidden that two joysticks are opposite when power head is rotating after the drill drove. 1.14 Erect the propelling rack assembly. Then fix the longer supporting rod of the supporting assembly together with the supporting base of the propelling rack. 1.15 Try start the drill and checking if the fast add press is in gear. Since the parameter in the escutcheon is confirmed by hydraulic press element in normal condition and also the efficiency of the system is unsure. So the error between the real and the grade parameter in 15% is in gear when the drill is in trial run. 1.16 The drilling Rig can on working after the above movement is in gear. Points for attention when operating the drilling rig 2.1 Before leaving factory the drilling rig has had its hydraulic system pressure adjusted. So do not change it without approval of the manufacturer. For the sake of safety and prevention of accidents be sure to use your greatest discretion when using excessive system pressure. 2.2 After the propelling rack is erected the ideal thing to do is to remove the rig erecting operation handle in order to prevent mistaken operation. 2.3 Before starting drilling, check the cylinders of the rig’s supporting legs to see they are properly supported. 2.4 While drilling is going on it is not allowed to pull the handle of the supporting leg’s oil cylinders in order to prevent any accidental change to the angle of drilling. 2.5 When power head is close to either extreme position near the end it is not allowed to have any quick motion. Any great impact is to be avoided. 2.6 The drilling rig is fitted with protection against overload pressure and with overload warning. When hydraulic system is overloaded the rig will automatically cut off power to motor and issue warning. Now you will have to find out the cause of overload and remove it before starting the drilling rig again. Warning： 1）The power head function of quick feed-in and elevation can only be used when operating and coordinating have become really skilled; otherwise accident may happen. 2）When operating simultaneously the power head feed-in and elevation handles, there must not be simultaneous working in opposite directions, which may cause damage to the system 5. Normal Failure & Its Shooting Method 1）Normal faults and remedies of the hydraulic pump Phenomenon Analysis Remedy No oil, The oil measure is Insufficient, the pressure is not enough 1. The electromotor turnaround worry 1. Check the electromotor turnaround 2. Suction pipe or filter blocked 2. Dredge pipe, clean filter, replace oil 3. Too large clearance between shafts or radials 3. Check and replace relevant parts 4.Leakage in joints, air interfused 4. Screw down bolts on joints，remove the leakage, prevent air into 5. High viscosity of the hydraulic oil or too high oil temperature of hydraulic oil 5. Select the correct hydraulic oil，and control oil temperature The noise is serious, the pressure wave is severe 1. Suction pipe or filter blocked, or too small with filter content Clean filter for the suction pipe smooth， select the correct filter 2. The seal of suction pipe blow by or there is air bubble in the oil Add oil in the conjunction part or seal place, if the noise let up, can screw down conjunction part or replace to seal ring; Return pipe nozzle should be below the oil, and have the certain distance with suction pipe. 3. Pump and the joint cardo is not concentric Adjust concentric 4. Insufficient oil Add oil 5. High viscosity of the hydraulic oil or low oil temperature of hydraulic oil Heat oil to the appropriate temperature 6. Pump bearings mangle Check the temperature of pump bearings(Use hands to feel that) 2）Normal faults and remedies of hydraulic cylinders Phenomenon Analysis Remedy Crawl Air incursion 1. Increase vent-pipes; If there is no exhaust, can run the hydraulic system with the longest journey to make the work parts fast run, force releasing air. The seal ring of hydraulic cylinders end cover press too tight or too loose. 2. Adjust the seal ring, make it not loose and not tight, and the piston pole can be ensured to placidly draw it by hand but no leakage( Mostly admit to leak tiny oil) The piston pole and the piston have not concentric 3. Correct concentricity between the piston pole and the piston The span or part of piston pole bend 4. Alignment the piston pole The installation position of hydraulic cylinders move 5. Check and correct the parallel between the hydraulic cylinder and the lead rail The linearity of the hydraulic cylinder inner hole is bad( The drum taper etc.) 6. Renovate the hydraulic cylinder with milling and boring, and match piston again. 7. Canker the cylinder ,or wear away the cylinder wall 7. It removes rust and burr that it is slight, it must bore and mill that it is serious. 8. Both sides screw caps of double piston poles are tweaked too tight, and make its concentricity be bad 8. The screw caps should not be tweaked too tight, can tweak them with hand generally, then keep the piston to be placed in nature. Impingement Too large clearance between pistons and hydraulic cylinders that used clearance seal, the throttle lose the effect of throttle. The clearance between pistons and hydraulic cylinders should be matched with the provision, and reduce the leakage phenomenon. The cushion check valve of the end is failure, and can not react the cushion. Revise and match the check valve with the valve holder he thrust lack or the work speed gradually descend even to stop Too large the coordination clearance between the hydraulic cylinder and the piston or O seal ring damage, and result the high and low-pressure cavity to connect with each other 1. Match the clearance between the piston and the hydraulic cylinder or replace the O seal ring Because a certain section of the work journey was used usually on the working hours, and result in the linearity of the hydraulic cylinder hole bad( Have the drum form p