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Unit2Englisharoundtheworld,知識(shí)清單,,(一)基本單詞1.________n．航行;航海2.________adj.本國(guó)的;本地的n.本地人;本國(guó)人3.________adv.實(shí)際上；事實(shí)上4.________adj.較后的;后半的;(兩者中)后者的,voyage,native,actually,latter,單詞,5.__________n.正直的,mand,request,accent,straight,(二)派生單詞9.___________vt.以…為根據(jù)n.基部;基地;基礎(chǔ)→__________adj.基本的;基礎(chǔ)的10.___________adj.逐漸的;逐步的→__________adv.逐漸地11.__________n.本身;本體;身份→_________vt.認(rèn)出；鑒定,base,basic,gradual,gradually,identity,identify,12.____________adj.頻繁的;常見的→____________adv.常常;頻繁地13.____________n.詞語;表示;表達(dá)→___________vt.表達(dá)14.____________vt.辨認(rèn)出;承認(rèn);公認(rèn)→____________n.認(rèn)出;認(rèn)識(shí),frequent,frequently,expression,express,recognize,recognition,1.因?yàn)?由于______________2.走近;上來;提出______________3.以……為基礎(chǔ)______________4.現(xiàn)在;目前______________5.利用;使用______________6.例如…;像這種的______________7.信不信由你_______________8.扮演一個(gè)角色;參與_____________,becauseof,eup,bebasedon,atpresent,makeuseof,suchas,believeitornot,playapart,短語,核心要點(diǎn),1.nativeadj.本國(guó)的;本地的n.本地人;本國(guó)人【教材原句】NativeEnglishspeakerscanunderstandeachothereveniftheydon’tspeakthesamekindofEnglish.以英語作為母語的人,即使他們所講的語言不盡相同,也可以互相交流。,單詞,【歸納】anativeofBeijing土生土長(zhǎng)的北京人benativetoaplace(動(dòng)植物等)原產(chǎn)于某地,2.basev.以……為根據(jù)n.基部;基地;基礎(chǔ)adj.卑鄙的;低級(jí)的;賤的,劣的【教材原句】ItwasbasedmoreonGermanthattheEnglishwespeakatpresent.當(dāng)時(shí)的英語更多地是以德語為基礎(chǔ)的,而現(xiàn)代英語不是。,【歸納】base...on...＝bebasedon...根據(jù)……;以……為基礎(chǔ)onthebaseof以……為基礎(chǔ)atthebaseof...在……的底部,【提示】base...on...短語中,base為及物動(dòng)詞,主動(dòng)語態(tài)中,base后應(yīng)有賓語,否則base應(yīng)用被動(dòng)形式，即bebasedon結(jié)構(gòu)。,漢譯英。這部影片是根據(jù)辛克萊劉易斯的小說改編的。ThefilmisbasedonanovelbySinclairLewis.,3.mandn.[C]命令;指令;[U]掌握vt.命令;指揮;支配;博得;贏得,【歸納】mandsb.todosth.命令某人做某事mandthatsb.(should)do...命令某人haveagoodmandof掌握,精通atone’smand聽某人支配，奉某人之命underone’smand＝underthemandof由……指揮,mand動(dòng)詞表示“命令,要求”時(shí),一般不用作進(jìn)行時(shí);其后可接名詞或代詞作賓語；接帶動(dòng)詞不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)和that從句時(shí),從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用虛擬,即“(should＋)動(dòng)詞原形”。,漢譯英。如果你熟練掌握英語,你就有可能得到這份工作。IfyouhaveagoodmandofEnglish,itispossibleforyoutogetthejob.,4.requestn.要求,【歸納】makearequestfor請(qǐng)求;要求atone’srequest＝attherequestofsb.應(yīng)某人的要求requestsb.todosth.請(qǐng)求/要求某人做某事requestthat...(should)do...請(qǐng)求……做某事Itisrequestedthat...(should)do...要求……,根據(jù)所給漢語完成句子。1.Icame________________(應(yīng)你要求)．2.You_____________________(請(qǐng)不要)smoke.,atyourrequest,arerequestednotto,5.recognizevt.辨認(rèn)出;承認(rèn)【教材原句】AlthoughmanyAmericansmovealot,theystillrecognizeandunderstandeachother’sdialects.雖然很多美國(guó)人經(jīng)常搬遷,但是他們?nèi)匀荒軌虮鎰e、理解彼此的方言。,【歸納】recognizesb.認(rèn)出某人berecognizedtobe/as...被認(rèn)作……/被認(rèn)為是……Itisrecognizedthat...人們公認(rèn)……,recognize/realize/knowrecognize指原來熟悉,經(jīng)過一段時(shí)間間隔后重新認(rèn)出來。realize指經(jīng)過一個(gè)過程后“意識(shí)到”。know指相互十分熟悉和了解。,用recognize/realize/know的適當(dāng)形式填空。Atfirst,hedidn’t_______thathehadbeen__________byhisoldfriendwhohe______verywellinthepast.,realize,recognized,knew,1.becauseof因?yàn)?由于【教材原句】Laterinthenextcentury,peoplefromEnglandmadevoyagestoconquerotherpartsoftheworldandbecauseofthat,Englishbegantobespokeninmanyothercountries.后來,在17世紀(jì)英國(guó)人開始航海征服了世界其它地區(qū)。于是,許多別的國(guó)家開始說英語了。,短語,【拓展】dueto由于(作表語/狀語)owingto由于(作表語/狀語)asaresultof因?yàn)?由于(作狀語)thanksto多虧;由于(作表語/狀語)【提示】becauseof為介詞短語;because為連詞,完成下列句子。1)Hecamelatetoschoolagain_________hegotuptoolate.2)Thegirlcried____________whattheteachersaid.3)Wehavetocancelourtrip___________thebadweather.,because,becauseof,becauseof,2.eup走近;上來;(太陽/月亮等)升起;被提出;長(zhǎng)出;發(fā)生;開始流行【教材原句】I’dliketoeuptoyourapartment.我很樂意到你的公寓去。,【拓展】eupwith想出(計(jì)劃/答案);產(chǎn)生eabout發(fā)生ealong進(jìn)展;進(jìn)步;進(jìn)行,eon快點(diǎn);加油eto總計(jì);總共;達(dá)到;說到eacross偶遇;碰到eout出現(xiàn);顯露;出版;結(jié)果是;公開表態(tài)eover過來;突然感到;順便來訪;在上空[上方]經(jīng)過edown下降;潦倒;流傳eback回來;恢復(fù)(知覺/記憶等);回想起;卷土重來;重新流行;反駁......,ein進(jìn)來;起作用eby從旁邊走過;得到;經(jīng)過einto進(jìn)入;得來;繼承(財(cái)產(chǎn))ethrough經(jīng)歷;脫險(xiǎn);安然度過ewith伴隨......發(fā)生efrom來自;起源于earound順便來訪;蘇醒;復(fù)蘇etrue實(shí)現(xiàn);成真,【提示】eup“問題,建議或方案等被提出”時(shí)為不及物動(dòng)詞短語,其主語通常為物,無被動(dòng)語態(tài);eupwith為“提出”,為及物動(dòng)詞短語,主語通常為人,賓語為表示“建議/計(jì)劃/方案等”的名詞。,用e短語的適當(dāng)形式填空。1)Howdidit____________thatheknewwherewewere?2)I_____________anoldschoolfriendinOxfordstreetthismorning.3)Agoodsolutiontotheproblem__________atthemeeting.4)Whendidyou______________thegoodidea?,eabout,eacross,eup,eupwith,3.makeuseof利用;使用【教材原句】Sobythe1600’sShakespearewasabletomakeuseofawidervocabularythaneverbefore.所以到17世紀(jì),莎士比亞所用的詞匯量比以前任何時(shí)期都大。,【拓展】makefulluseofmakegooduseofmakethebestofmakethemostof充分利用makeup彌補(bǔ);和解;編造;整理;化妝make-up化妝品;性格makefor走向;有助于;促進(jìn)makeit成功;達(dá)到預(yù)定目標(biāo);幸存,makeadifference有影響;起(重要)作用makeupfor補(bǔ)償;彌補(bǔ)makeof理解;推斷;以......為材料制作makeover(財(cái)產(chǎn))轉(zhuǎn)讓;移交;改造;重做makeupof由......構(gòu)成;由......組成make-believe假裝;假扮;幻想,makesense講得通;有意義;言之有理makeout起草;說明;結(jié)論;辨別;理解makesure弄明白;設(shè)法確保makeprogress取得進(jìn)步makeclear講清楚;表明makeoff離開;逃走makeefforts=makeaneffort=makeallefforts=sparenoeffort作出努力,use的短語及句型【歸納】(be)outof/inuse不再使用，廢棄不用/在使用中beofuse(tosb.)有用處，起作用eintouse開始使用It’s/There’snousedoingsth.沒有用,翻譯下列句子。這個(gè)火車站已經(jīng)停止使用了。Thisrailwaystationisoutofuse.對(duì)于他來說，這個(gè)已經(jīng)沒有什么用處了。Thiswasnotofmuchusetohim.雨傘是什么時(shí)候開始使用的？Whendidumbrellaseintouse?問我是沒有用的。我不比你知道的更多。It’snouseaskingme.Idon’tknowanymorethanyoudo.,ItwasbasedmoreonGermanthantheEnglishwespeakatpresent.當(dāng)時(shí)的英語更多地是以德語為基礎(chǔ)的，而現(xiàn)代英語不是。more...than...與其……倒不如……強(qiáng)調(diào)more后面的內(nèi)容,表同一個(gè)人或事物的兩種特征對(duì)比,more和than后接形容詞/副詞的原級(jí),名詞或介詞短語等兩個(gè)并列成分。,句式,e.g.Shewasmoresadthanangrywhenhersonlied.當(dāng)她的兒子撒謊時(shí),與其說她生氣倒不如說她傷心。,morethan＋數(shù)詞超過,多于morethan＋名詞表不僅是,不只是e.g.Heismorethanascientist;heisalsoapoet.他不僅僅是位科學(xué)家，還是一位詩人。,寫出下列句子中morethan的含義。1)Therearemorethan1,000studentsinourschoolthisyear._______2)Hefeltmorethansurprisedtoseehisfathercame._______3)Mr.Zhangismorethanateacher;heisalsomyfriend._________,超過,非常,不僅僅,morethan＋形容/副詞非常,很nomorethan=only只有,僅僅notmorethan至多,不超過otherthan除了……ratherthan...而不是……,nolessthan不亞于,竟達(dá)……之多e.g.Theaudiencewasnolessthanfivethousand.聽眾有五千人之多。notlessthan不比……差,至少e.g.I’llstayherenotlessthanthreedays.我將待在這里至少三天。,直接引語與間接引語（二）,語法,★轉(zhuǎn)述祈使句時(shí)，采用“動(dòng)詞+賓語+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。引述動(dòng)詞有ask,tell等?！镛D(zhuǎn)述祈使句時(shí)，如果祈使句為否定式，則在不定式前加not。,e.g.Hesaidtome,“Pleaseopenthewindow.”→Heaskedmetoopenthewindow.“Becarefulwiththedog,”shesaidtome.→Shetoldmetobecarefulwiththedog.,Myauntsaidtome,“Don’treadinthesun.”→Myaunttoldmenottoreadinthesun.Tom’sfathersaidtohim,“Don’tdrivetoofast.”Tom’sfathertoldhimnottodrivetoofast.,★“建議，提議”的祈使句時(shí)，可采用“suggest+動(dòng)詞-ing形式”或“suggest+that從句”，也可采用“offer+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)?！镆龈袊@句時(shí)，常以what或how為被引述分句的引導(dǎo)詞。,e.g.“Comenextweek,”Bobsuggested.→Bobsuggestedmying/thatI(should)ethefollowingweek.,“Letmegiveyoualifthome,”Davidsaid.→Davidofferedtogivemealifthome.“Whatalovelyhouseitis!”Petersaid.→Petersaidwhatalovelyhouseitwas.“Howwellyoulook!”Janesaid.→JanesaidhowwellIlooked.,將直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語。1.“Pleaseturnontheputer.”Mymothersaidtome.___________________________________________________________________2.“Don’tmakesomuchnoise,boys.”Theteachersaid.______________________________________________________________________,Mymotheraskedmetoturnontheputer.,Theteachertoldtheboysnottomakesomuchnoise.,3.“Whatalovelydayitis!”hesaid._______________________________4.Hesaid,“Let’sgotothecinema.”________________________________5.“Leavetheroomquietly,”Leosaid._________________________________,Hesuggestedgoingtothecinema.,Leotoldmetoleavetheroomquietly.,Hesaidwhatalovelydayitwas.,海報(bào)是一種常見的招貼形式的應(yīng)用文?！緦懽魅蝿?wù)】1.明確海報(bào)的主題明確你要寫的海報(bào)主題是活動(dòng)宣傳、招聘廣告還是人物介紹。2.確定海報(bào)的格式標(biāo)題：居于海報(bào)正上方，用簡(jiǎn)潔、引人注目的語言概括要宣傳的主題。,作文,如何寫英文海報(bào),正文：根據(jù)海報(bào)的內(nèi)容靈活安排。①海報(bào)的最前面要采用一些鼓動(dòng)性較強(qiáng)的語句來吸引注意，常采用排比、反問、設(shè)問等修辭手法。②列出海報(bào)的具體內(nèi)容：★寫活動(dòng)宣傳時(shí)，先介紹要宣傳的活動(dòng)，再寫活動(dòng)的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、目的、活動(dòng)安排以及主辦單位等?！飳懻衅笍V告時(shí)，先介紹職位，然后寫對(duì)求職者的要求等。,★寫人物介紹時(shí)，先把人物名字放在顯要位置，依次介紹該出生時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、生平簡(jiǎn)介及特殊貢獻(xiàn)等。結(jié)尾：海報(bào)發(fā)布者及時(shí)間常寫在海報(bào)左下角（也可省去）。,【常用表達(dá)】活動(dòng)宣傳TitleDoyouwantto...?Doyouhavedifficultyin...?Whynot...?Ifyou...,youwill...Whyshouldyou...?Date:...Place:...Aim:To...Formoredetails,pleasecontact...,招聘廣告TitleWouldyouliketobea(n)...?Ifyouransweris“Yes”,wehaveajobforyouasa(n)...Requirements:begoodat...;have...yearsofworkexperience;beabletospeak...anduse...;bekind/easygoing/friendly/patient/strict/careful/...Pleasecall...ifyouwantto...,人物介紹Title/NameDateofbirth:...Placeofbirth:...Career:......wasborninto...;...have/has/hadagreatgiftfor...;...is/wasaremarkableachievementfor...;Although/Though...lackshis/herfamily’ssupport,he/shecontinued...,【寫作任務(wù)】最近，你校成立了一個(gè)英語學(xué)習(xí)俱樂部（EnglishLearningClub）。現(xiàn)邀請(qǐng)同學(xué)們加入，請(qǐng)你根據(jù)所給提示要點(diǎn)設(shè)計(jì)一則英語海報(bào)，發(fā)布在你校英語論壇上。內(nèi)容包括：1.標(biāo)題；2.加入俱樂部的好處；3.結(jié)尾。,【參考范文】WhyshouldyoujointheEnglishLearningClub?★tomeetnewfriends★todebateinEnglish★toreadEnglishnovels★tolearnEnglishsongs★towatchEnglishmovies★totalkinEnglishwithEnglishnativespeakersPracticemakesperfect.PleasejointheEnglishLearningClubtolearnEnglishwithotherEnglishlovers.,高考鏈接,1.(2014浙江改編)Wemostprefertosayyestothe________(request)ofsomeoneweknowandlike.答案:requests句意:我們大都更愿意答應(yīng)我們所了解和喜歡人的請(qǐng)求。由語境可知,只能是對(duì)別人的請(qǐng)求(requests)說yes,即:答應(yīng)對(duì)方的請(qǐng)求。,2.(2014北京改編)Thefilmstarwearssunglasses.Therefore,hecangoshoppingwithout________(recognize)．答案：beingrecognized本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：那位影星戴著墨鏡,因此他可以在沒人認(rèn)出的情況下購(gòu)物了。without為介詞,后面接動(dòng)詞ing形式;thefilmstar與recognize之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用動(dòng)詞ing的被動(dòng)式,即“beingdone”結(jié)構(gòu)。,3.(2012江蘇改編)________(base)animportantdecisionmoreonemotionthanonreason,youwillregretitsoonerorlater.答案：Basing考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。you與base之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語,表主動(dòng)。句意：如果憑情感而不是理智作出這個(gè)決定，你遲早會(huì)后悔的。,鞏固練習(xí),I.根據(jù)下列各句句意以及所給單詞的首字母或漢語提示詞，寫出該單詞的正確形式。1.Policearetryingtodiscoverthei________ofababyfoundbythesideofaroad.2.Readingisoneofthebestwaysofimprovingyourv___________.,identity,vocabulary,3.Onecantraveltherebyshiporplane.Mostpeoplechoosethel________.4.Hisnamedidnotappearinthe________(官方的)report.5.The________(航行)fromEnglandtoIndiausedtotakesixmonths.6.Theplaceyourelookingforisthree________(街區(qū))awayfromhere.,latter,official,voyage,blocks,7.Thedriverstoppedhiscarasthepolicemanc_____________.8.Visitorsarer________nottowalkonthegrass.9.Wehadntseeneachotherinthirtyyears,butIr_________herrightaway.10.As________lineistheshortestdistancebetweentwopoints.,manded,requested,recognized,straight,II.用括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式填空。1.TheyarenotAmerican,________(actual).TheyareCanadian.2.Astheweekspassed,I__________(gradual)lovedlivingthere.3.BritishandAmerican________(spell)differinmanyways.,actually,gradually,spellings,4.Youshouldvisityoursickgrandmother__________(frequent)tocheerherup.5.Idecidedtogotothemeetingasa(n)___________(express)ofsupport.6.“Doyouhaveit?”isamonAmerican________(use),butitwouldbemorelikelyforBritishspeakerstosay“Haveyougotit?”,frequently,expression,usage,III.選用方框內(nèi)合適的短語并用其正確形式填空（每個(gè)短語限用一次）。Maryenjoysplayingtennis.She____________anyopportunitytopracticeit.2.Jackstartedworkasasecurityguard.__________heisateacherofphysics.,anumberof,atpresent,suchas,makeuseof,eup,makesuseof,Atpresent,3.Oneoftheteachers________andstartedtalkingtome.4._____________peopleetothemeetingfromalloverthecountry.5.Thelittlegirlknowsseverallanguages,________JapaneseandEnglish.,anumberof,atpresent,suchas,makeuseof,eup,cameup,Anumberof,suchas,閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Thereismuchdiscussionabout1.____________learningEnglishisimportantornot.Thosewhosayitis,pointtothefact2.________manyinternationalpaniesrelyonEnglish-speakingemployees3._____________(municate)directlywiththeirEnglish-speakingcustomers.,whether/if,that,tomunicate,Sonowit4.________(take)forgrantedthatbeingabletospeakEnglishwillprovidejobandpromotionopportunities.EnglishalsoopensthedoortoadvancedtrainingprogramsinEnglish-speakingcountries,5.________requiresomeknowledgeofEnglish.Inaddition,Englishmakesstayingintouchwithwhatshappeningintheworldmuch6.________(easy)asinternationalnewsandinformationisofteninEnglish.,istaken,which,easier,ButnotjustlearnersofEnglishasaforeignlanguagecanbenefit7.______studyingEnglish,nativespeakerscanbenefittoo.Ifnativespeakersgoto8.________countryandcantspeakthelanguagethere,eveniftheycantfindsomeonewhospeaksEnglish9.________(fluent),thechancesaretheywillfindsomeonewhocanspeakenoughEnglishtohelpthemoutwhentheyarein10.____tightspot.NowadaysevenalittleEnglishgoesalongwayinthisworld.,from,another,fluently,a,