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Unit1,Art,知識清單,(一)基本單詞,1.____________v.預(yù)言;預(yù)告;預(yù)測2.____________vi.有感染力;呼吁;求助3.____________vt.采用;采納;收養(yǎng)4.____________vt.技能,predict,appeal,adopt,attempt,possess,technique,7.____________adj.荒謬的;可笑的8.____________adj.精細的;易碎的;脆弱的9.__________adj.香的;令人愉快的10._________adj.典型的;有代表性的11._________n.信任;信心;信念12._________adj.卓越的;杰出的;極好的13._________adj.精致的;脆弱的;容易生病的,ridiculous,fragile,typical,faith,fragrant,superb,delicate,14.________adj.過敏性的;對……過敏的15.evidentadj.____________________16.preferencen._____________________17.aggressiveadj.____________________18.districtn.__________________19.specificadj.___________________20.reputationn.___________________21.civilizationn.____________________,喜愛;偏愛,明顯的;明白的,allergic,區(qū);區(qū)域;行政區(qū),確切的;特定的,名聲;聲譽,文明;文化;文明社會,敢作敢為的;侵略的;好斗的,22.permanentadj.___________________23.conventionaladj.___________________24.contemporaryadj.__________________,當(dāng)代的;同時代的,永久的;持久的,常規(guī)的;傳統(tǒng)的,(二)派生單詞,1.possessvt.擁有;具有;支配_____________n.私有物品,擁有_____________n.擁有者_____________n.所有格adj.所有的_____________[同義]vt.擁有2.______________adj.爭論/爭議的→controversiallyadv.______________,possession,possessor,possessive,own,controversial,有爭議地,3.______________n.巧合;相合→coincidentadj.______________4.adoptvt.采用;采納;收養(yǎng)____________adj.可采用的;可收養(yǎng)的____________adj.被收養(yǎng)的;被采用的___________n.采用;采納;通過;收養(yǎng),coincidence,巧合的,adoptable,adopted,adoption,5.appealvi.有感染力;呼吁;求助vt.將……上訴n.呼吁;懇求___________adj.有感染力的;有吸引力的___________adv.可憐地,appealing,appealingly,7.evidentadj.明白的;明顯的___________adv.顯然___________n.根據(jù),證詞,evidence,evidently,6.aimn.目標(biāo);對準(zhǔn)v.打算;對準(zhǔn)目標(biāo)___________adj.無目的的;無目標(biāo)的___________adv.無目的地;無目標(biāo)地___________[同義]n.目標(biāo),goal,aimless,aimlessly,1.活著的;本人__________________2.擁有__________________3.巧合地__________________4.對……敏感__________________5.有吸引力__________________6.另一方面__________________7.大量__________________,intheflesh,in(the)possessionof,bycoincidence,(三)短語,appealto,ontheotherhand,agreatdeal,beallergicto,核心要點,(一)單詞,1.aimn.目的;目標(biāo)vt.收養(yǎng);正式通過,批準(zhǔn)【教材原句】Peoplebegantoconcentratelessonreligiousthemesandadoptamorehumanisticattitudetolife.人們開始較少關(guān)注宗教主題而采取一種更人性化的生活態(tài)度。,【歸納】adoptanapproach/strategy/policy采用某方法/戰(zhàn)略/政策【拓展】adoptedadj.領(lǐng)養(yǎng)的,收養(yǎng)的adoptionn.領(lǐng)養(yǎng),收養(yǎng);采用,根據(jù)所給的漢語提示補全下列句子。1)Finally,theteacherdecidedto______________________(采納露西的建議).2)Theoldcoupleareconsidering_________________________________(收養(yǎng)一個失去雙親的孩子)duringtheearthquake.,adoptLucy’ssuggestion,adoptingachildwholosthisparents,【易混辨異】adopt使適應(yīng),3.possessvt.擁有;具有;支配【教材原句】Richpeoplewantedtopossesstheirownpaintings,sotheycoulddecoratetheirsuperbpalacesandgreathouses.富人們想擁有自己的藝術(shù)品并用來裝飾自己的高級宮殿和豪宅。,【拓展】possessionn.具有,擁有takepossessionof占有,占領(lǐng)inpossessionof擁有,占有,持有insb.’spossession=inthepossessionofsb.在某人手中,由某人掌握。possession意為“財產(chǎn)”時,常用復(fù)數(shù)。,翻譯下列句子。1)Thegallerypossessessomeoftheartist’searlyworks.2)Peoplehadlosttheirhomesandalltheirpossessions.,美術(shù)館擁有那位畫家的一些早期作品。,人們失去了他們的家園和所有的財產(chǎn)。,3)I’mafraidhedoesn’tpossessasenseofhumor.4)Heisnowtheproudpossessorofadrivinglicense.,恐怕他沒有什么幽默感。,他現(xiàn)在有了駕駛執(zhí)照,頗有些飄飄然。,【歸納】castone’sshadowon給……投下陰影;使……黯淡catchatshadows(=runaftershadows)捕風(fēng)捉影;徒勞intheshadow在陰暗處,4.shadown.陰影;影子【教材原句】Theywereeagertoshowhowlightandshadowfellonobjectsatdifferenttimesoftheday.他們急切地想把一天中不同時間投射到物體上的光線和陰影呈現(xiàn)出來。,5.attemptn.努力;嘗試;企圖vt.嘗試;企圖【教材原句】Ontheonehand,somemodernartisabstract;thatis,thepainterdoesnotattempttopaintobjectsasweseethemwithoureyes…一方面,有些現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)是抽象的,也就是說,畫家并不打算把我們眼睛看到的東西如實地畫出來……,【歸納】作名詞,嘗試/努力/企圖做某事makeanattempttodosth.attempt(s)atsth./doingsth.inanattempttodosth.作動詞,嘗試/企圖做某事attemptsth.attempttodosth.,【辨析】attempt,try,manage(1)attempt正式用語,常指一次的而不是繼續(xù)的嘗試,往往暗示這種嘗試達不到目的,常包含“冒險”之意。(2)try通俗用語,指為成功做某事而付出努力或花費一定代價,后接不定式表示“試圖做某事”,后接動名詞表“試著做某事”。(3)manage成功地做成某事,強調(diào)結(jié)果。,根據(jù)括號內(nèi)的漢語提示補全下列句子。1)Twofactorieswereclosed_______________________(為削減費用).2)Thepatient_________________________________________(嘗試著坐起來)butfailed.3)(我首次試著學(xué)開車)________________________________wasunsuccessful.,inanattempttocutcosts,madeanattempttositup,Myfirstattemptat,attemptedtositup,learningtodrive,6.predictvt.預(yù)言;預(yù)測;預(yù)告【教材原句】Whocanpredictwhatpaintingstylestherewillbeinthefuture?誰能預(yù)言將來會有什么樣的繪畫藝術(shù)風(fēng)格？,【用法】predict可接名詞(短語)作賓語,還可接從句,后接不定式時僅限于被動語態(tài)。常用于bepredictedtodo結(jié)構(gòu)中。【拓展】predictionn.預(yù)言,預(yù)報,預(yù)告predictableadj.可預(yù)見的,可預(yù)料的predictorn.預(yù)示物;預(yù)測器,根據(jù)漢語意思補全下列句子。1)要預(yù)測出誰將獲勝是不可能的。It’simpossibleto____________________.2)明天早上，颶風(fēng)將到達海岸。Thehurricane___________________thecoasttomorrowmorning.,predictwhowillwin,ispredictedtoreach,7.preferencen.喜愛;偏愛【教材原句】Frickhadapreferenceforpre-twentiethcenturyWesternpaintings,andthesearewell-representedinthisexcellentcollection.弗里克對20世紀(jì)以前的西方繪畫有偏愛,而在這個陳列館的珍藏品里這些繪畫得以很好展出。,【詞根】prefervt.較喜歡;寧可,【歸納】preferenceforsb./sth.對某人或某物的偏愛haveapreference(for...)(對……)有偏愛expressapreference對……偏愛give/showpreferenceto偏愛……;給予……優(yōu)先權(quán)inpreferenceto而不是……,用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空。1)Manychildrenexpressedastrongpreference_____theAmericancartoons.2)Preferencewillbegiven____thegraduatesofthisuniversity.,for,to,1.bycoincidence巧合【教材原句】Bycoincidence,oilpaintswerealsodevelopedatthistime,whichmadethecoloursusedinpaintingslookricheranddeeper.巧合的是這一時期油畫顏料也得到了發(fā)展,它使得繪畫的色彩看上去更豐富、更深沉?！韭?lián)想】bychance偶然;碰巧byaccident偶然,(二)短語,2.agreatdeal大量,非常【教材原句】Inthelate19thcentury,Europechangedagreatdeal,fromamostlyagriculturalsocietytomostlyindustrialone.19世紀(jì)后期,歐洲發(fā)生了巨大的變化,從以農(nóng)業(yè)為主的社會變成了以工業(yè)為主的社會。,【用法】agreatdeal可單獨使用,也可用在形容詞或副詞的比較級前,相當(dāng)于much或alot。agreatdealof(+不可數(shù)名詞),意為“許多;大量”。,【運用】用以上兩個短語填空。(1)Hehas______________worktodo.(2)Heate___________forsupperyesterday.(3)Heran____________fasterthanI.(4)Hisbadbehaviourcausedhisparents_____________pain.,agreatdealof,agreatdeal,agreatdeal,agreatdealof,【拓展】表示“大量,許多”的短語:①僅修飾可數(shù)名詞的有:agood/greatmany,alarge/greatnumberof,scoresof等。②僅修飾不可數(shù)名詞的有:alargeamountof,agood/greatdealof等。③既能修飾可數(shù)名詞,又能修飾不可數(shù)名詞的有:alotof,lotsof,plentyof等。,3.ontheotherhand另一方面【教材原句】Ontheotherhand,somepaintingsofmodernartaresorealisticthattheylooklikephotographs.另一方面,有些現(xiàn)代派的藝術(shù)作品卻是那么寫實,看上去就像是照片。【用法】ontheotherhand可與ontheonehand(一方面)并列使用,也可單獨使用。,【拓展】foronething...,(and)foranother...一來……;二來……(常被用來列舉一些理由)first(ly),...second(ly),...第一……,第二……,(2014江西改編)Startingyourownbusinesscouldbeawaytoachievefinancialindependence.________theotherhand,itcouldjustputyouindebt.答案：On句意：開辦自己的公司可能是一種獲得經(jīng)濟獨立的方法,另一方面,它也可能讓你負債累累。ontheotherhand另一方面,符合題意。,4.appealto(對某人)有吸引力;(使某人)感興趣【教材原句】ItwillappealtothosewholoveImpressionistandPost-Impressionistpaintings.展覽將吸引印象派和后印象派作品的愛好者。【歸納】appealtosb.todosth.懇求/呼吁某人做某事appealfor懇求,呼吁【拓展】appealingadj.有吸引力的,有趣的;求助的;懇求的,英譯漢。LetusappealtothePresidenttoaidus.,讓我們懇求總統(tǒng)援助我們。,(2010安徽改編)—HowdidyoulikeNick’sperformancelastnight?—Tobehonest,hissingingdidn’tappeal_______memuch.答案：to句意：—你認為昨晚尼克的表演怎么樣?—說實話,他的歌并沒有吸引我。appealto“吸引某人,引起某人的興趣”。,Butitwasevidentthatideaswerechanginginthe13thcenturywhenpainterslikeGiottodiBondonebegantopaintreligiousscenesinamorerealisticway.但是,很顯然到了13世紀(jì)時,觀念發(fā)生變化,像喬托這樣的畫家開始以一種比較現(xiàn)實的風(fēng)格來畫宗教場景。,(三)句式,①本句主干結(jié)構(gòu)為:形式主語(it)+系動詞(was)+表語(evident)+主語從句(thatideaswerechanginginthe13thcentury)。②whenpainterslikeGiottodiBondonebegantopaintreligiousscenesinamorerealisticway是定語從句,修飾the13thcentury。③其中inamorerealisticway作方式狀語。,2.AmongthepainterswhobrokeawayfromthetraditionalstyleofpaintingweretheImpressionists,wholivedandworkedinParis.在那些突破傳統(tǒng)畫法的畫家中有生活和工作在法國巴黎的印象派畫家。,③wholivedandworkedinParis是一個非限制性定語從句,修飾theImpressionists。,①本句主干部分是AmongthepaintersweretheImpressionists,是一個倒裝句。②whobrokeawayfromthetraditionalstyleofpainting是由who引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句,修飾thepainters。,3.ManyartloverswouldrathervisitthissmallartgallerythananyotherinNewYork.在紐約,比起其他藝術(shù)館許多藝術(shù)愛好者都更樂意參觀這家小型藝術(shù)陳列館。本句使用了wouldrather...than句型,意為“寧愿……而不愿……”,表示主觀愿望,即在兩者之中選擇其一。如:Shewouldratherrunthanwalk.,【注意】使用wouldrather...than...句型時,wouldrather后接不帶to的動詞不定式;than所連接的前后兩部分在詞性或結(jié)構(gòu)上相一致。,虛擬語氣(一)英語中,表示說話人所說的話不是事實,而是一種假設(shè)、愿望、懷疑或推測時,要用虛擬語氣。虛擬語氣可用于if條件狀語從句、主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句等。本單元我們主要復(fù)習(xí)虛擬語氣在if條件從句中表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)砬闆r和wish后的賓語從句中的用法。,(四)語法,虛擬語氣在if條件從句中表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)砬闆r的用法：1.表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反或?qū)崿F(xiàn)可能性不大時,從句的謂語動詞用過去式,主句的謂語用would/should/could/might+動詞原形。注意:be的過去式用were。e.g.IfLucyhadmoretime,shewould/should/could/mightvisitusmoreoften.IfIwereyou,Iwould/should/could/mightgiveanAIDSpatientahug.,2.表示與將來事實相反時,從句的謂語動詞可以用過去式,也可用wereto+動詞原形或者should+動詞原形,主句的謂語用would/should/could/might+動詞原形。e.g.IfJohnaskedmetohelphimnexttime,Iwould/couldtrymybest.IfIweretodothejob,Iwould/mightdoitinadifferentway.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,weshouldputoffthebasketballmatch.,虛擬語氣在wish后的賓語從句中的用法：動詞wish后的賓語從句中,謂語常用過去式來表示現(xiàn)在的情況,用would/could/might+動詞原形來表示將來的情況,用過去完成時表示過去的情況。e.g.SometimesTomwisheshewereachild.IwishIwould/could/mighttellagoodstoryinmynextclass.IwishIhadattendedSusan’sweddingyesterday.,1.（2015.陜西）23.Ellenisafantasticdancer.IwishI_____aswellasher.A.danceB.willdanceC.haddanceD.danced,高考鏈接,D,2.(2014北京改編)We_______(be)backinthehotelnowifyoudidn’tlosethemap.答案：wouldbe考查虛擬語氣。根據(jù)從句的時態(tài)可知,空格處表示對現(xiàn)在情況的假設(shè)。句意：要是你沒有把地圖弄丟了的話,我們現(xiàn)在就已經(jīng)回到旅館了。,用括號內(nèi)動詞的正確形式填空。1.Theoldmanlosthislife.Mrs.Brownwishesthatshe________(send)himtohospitalintime.2.IfTony_____________________________________(submit)theessaytomorrow,hewouldn’tbepunished.,hadsent,submitted/weretosubmit,/shouldsubmit,3.Catherinedoesn’tenjoyworkingasajournalist,andshewishesshe______(be)ateacher.4.IfI________(be)younow,Iwouldn’targuewithhimaboutit.5.Iwishtheperformancetonight_____________________(go)well.,were,were,would/could/mightgo,如何寫建議信【寫作任務(wù)】假如你是李華。你校英語角準(zhǔn)備舉辦一次文化藝術(shù)節(jié)(theFestivalofArtsandCulture),主辦人Robert針對本次藝術(shù)節(jié)向?qū)W生們征求意見。請你用英語給他寫一封信,談?wù)剬Υ舜位顒拥目捶敖ㄗh。,(五)寫作,注意:詞數(shù)120左右(信的開頭已給出,但不計入總詞數(shù))。DearRobert,IamgladtohearthatourEnglishCornerisgoingtoholdtheFestivalofArtsandCulture.____________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua,【寫作指導(dǎo)】這是一封建議信。此類寫作通常包括以下幾方面的內(nèi)容:首先,表明寫作意圖;然后,列舉具體的建議及理由;最后進行總結(jié),禮貌地表達希望建議被采納的愿望。寫作時應(yīng)注意以下兩點:1.簡明扼要、目的明確;2.具有合理性、說服力。,【常用表達】Iamwritingtoexpressmyviewsconcerning...Iwouldliketosuggestthat...You’dbetter.../It’sbetterto...AsfarasIamconcerned.../Inmyopinion...Foronething...;foranother...,IfIwereyou,Iwould...Ithinkitisnecessary...Ihopeyouwilltakemyadviceintoaccount/consideration.Ihopeyouwillfindtheseproposals/suggestions/advicepractical/useful/helpful.,【參考范文】DearRobert,IamgladtohearthatourEnglishCornerisgoingtoholdtheFestivalofArtsandCulture.Wehavebeenlookingforwardtoitforalongtime,asitisagreatchancetobroadenourviewsandenrichourschoollife.,Inmyopinion,you’dbetterarrangeforallthestudents’artsandcultureclubstoadvertisetheirownactivitiesthroughposters.Thenthestudentscanchoosewhateveractivitytheywishtojoinin.What’smore,Ithinkitisnecessarytopreparealargeenoughroomtoholdthisfestival.Thenumberofparticipantswillbesolargethattheclassroomwon’tbeabletoholdallofthem.,Lastbutnotleast,safetyshouldbetakenintoconsiderationincaseanemergencyoccurs.Ihopeyouwillfindthesesuggestionshelpful.Yourssincerely,LiHua,鞏固練習(xí),I.根據(jù)下面各句句意以及所給單詞的首字母或漢語提示詞，寫出該單詞的正確形式（每空一詞）。1.Tobehonest,theperformancelastnightdidn’ta_____tomemuch.2.Themanagersaidthisyear’ssales_______(數(shù)字)wereexcellent.3.Newspapersp_______thatDaviswouldbere-elected.4.Manyelderlypeopleexpressedastrong________(偏愛)toliveintheirownhomes.,appeal,figures,predicted,preference,5.Herpaintingsarebeingshownatag_____inLondon.6.Theyclosedtheroadinana______toreducetrafficinthecity.,gallery,attempt,1.Canyoubemore________aboutwhereyourbackhurts?2.Becarefulwiththatvase—it’svery________.3.Theairwas________withthesmelloforangeblossoms.,specific,fragile,II.選用方框內(nèi)合適的形容詞填空（每個單詞限用一次）。,fragrant,4.Whetherthebuildingsinthisareashouldbepulleddownhasremained_____________.5.It’s__________thatnobody’sdoneanythingtostopthembeforenow.,controversial,ridiculous,III.用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞填空。1.Garyislateagain.Itistypical____himtokeepotherswaiting.2.Just___coincidence,JohnandIbothendedupatYale.3.I’veseenherperformontelevision,butnever____theflesh.4.I’dliketoeatout,but___theotherhandIshouldbetryingtosavemoney.,of,by,in,on,5.I’vejustbeenlooking________yourcookbooksforinspiration.6.Georgetookoutabunch____keysandwenttoworkontheplicatedlock.,through,of,IV.用括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式填空。1.Ifwe_____(know)heraddress,wewouldgotovisither.2.IamsohappythatIfeelasifI_____(can)fly.3.—Wherearethechildren?Thedinner’sgoingtobecold.—Iwishthey________(be,not)alwayslate.,knew,could,weren’t,4.—Wanttotryrockclimbing?—Noway!I________(will,not)doitevenifyoupaidmeamilliondollars!,wouldn’t,V.閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Howcanapieceofartcreateamonster?Easy,itcaninspireanentirecity1.________(hold)ahugeartsfestival.IthappenedinGrandRapids,Michigan,2.________ahugepieceofsculpturewasinstalledinadowntownplaza(廣場).,tohold,when,In1969,atypeofabstractsculpture,calledastabile,3.___________(place)downtowninfrontofCityHall.TwentiethcenturyAmericanartistAlexanderCaldercreatedit.Calder’sstabilesareconstructedofflatcurvingshapesofmetalwelded(焊接)togetherand4.______(usual)paintedredorblack.Hisstabilesare5.________(amaze)creationsthatlookgreatinparksandplazas.,wasplaced,usually,amazing,Oncethesculpturewas6.__place,thepeopleofGrandRapidsstartedthinking7.____theyneededanartsfestivaltocelebrateCalder’swork.Moreimportantly,theyneededanartsfestivaltocelebratetheartsinWestMichigan.,in,that,So,thisthree-dayartscelebration,held8._____firstfullweekendinJuneof1970indowntownGrandRapids,attractsthousandsofparticipatingartists.It9.__________(grow)intothenation’slargestall-volunteerartsfestivalsofar,withmorethan20,000volunteersandmorethan500,000people10._________(attend).Itissolargethatitisspreadoutoveralmostallofdowntown—that’samonsterofafestival!,the,hasgrown,attending,